CN111490615A - 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator - Google Patents

10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111490615A
CN111490615A CN202010347991.6A CN202010347991A CN111490615A CN 111490615 A CN111490615 A CN 111490615A CN 202010347991 A CN202010347991 A CN 202010347991A CN 111490615 A CN111490615 A CN 111490615A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stator
permanent magnet
driven generator
wind driven
split type
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CN202010347991.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢作霞
安丰毅
王东瑞
胡岩
邢军强
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Shenyang University of Technology
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Shenyang University of Technology
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Priority to CN202010347991.6A priority Critical patent/CN111490615A/en
Publication of CN111490615A publication Critical patent/CN111490615A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786Outer rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • H02K1/148Sectional cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16Stator cores with slots for windings
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Abstract

A10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator is characterized in that a rotor is arranged outside a stator; arranging a permanent magnet on the inner side of the rotor; the stator is formed by combining more than two stator lobes, and the six-phase winding coil is arranged on the stator lobes. The two ends of the stator segment are respectively provided with a clamping position and a clamping position; when a plurality of stator lobes are combined into a stator, adjacent stator lobes are connected through clamping positions and clamping positions. The invention relates to a novel modular multi-phase offshore direct-drive 10MW permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator, and compared with a conventional direct-drive generator, the motor scheme mainly aims at the problems of large size and difficult maintenance of a large offshore direct-drive wind driven generator, and provides a multi-phase winding and stator modular scheme design, so that the design weight and the maintenance cost are effectively reduced. Compared with the prior art, the wind power generation device has high reliability and large power generation power, is convenient to transport and maintain, and can be suitable for wind turbine generators with power reaching 10MW level.

Description

10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator
Technical Field
The invention relates to a permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator, in particular to a 10MW outer rotor multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator.
Background
Wind energy is sustainable and renewable environment-friendly energy, the operation cost and the daily maintenance cost of wind power generation are low, the way for obtaining energy is expanded for developing and utilizing renewable energy by vigorously developing wind power generation, the problem of energy shortage can be fundamentally solved, the pressure of environmental pollution is relieved, and the wind power generation system is a sustainable development mode. The permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator has the advantages of high efficiency, strong reliability, convenience in maintenance, small impact on a power grid, simplicity in control and the like, thereby occupying an important position in the wind power market.
In recent years, the permanent magnet direct-drive fan is rapidly developed, and the single-machine capacity is continuously improved. The large-scale of the permanent magnetic direct-drive fan puts higher requirements and challenges on the design, manufacture and other technologies of the traditional motor, and draws high attention of manufacturers and scholars of companies at home and abroad. Along with the increase of the power of the wind driven generator, the volume and the weight of the generator are correspondingly increased, so that the high-power wind driven generator generally has difficulties in transportation, hoisting and maintenance.
The high-power wind driven generator has higher insulation requirement on the motor, and can damage an insulation layer of a motor winding when the temperature is too high; in addition, the permanent magnet is easy to lose magnetism in a high-temperature environment, so that the cooling of the motor is also a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a 10MW outer rotor multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator is characterized in that a rotor is arranged outside a stator;
arranging a permanent magnet on the inner side of the rotor; the stator is formed by combining more than two stator lobes, and the six-phase winding coil is arranged on the stator lobes. (the stator is designed into split, and is divided into 12 lobes, the rotor is not split, and is a whole, and each pole of permanent magnet is divided into 2 blocks)
The two ends of the stator segment (inner side) are respectively provided with a clamping position and a clamping position; when a plurality of stator lobes are combined into a stator, adjacent stator lobes are connected through clamping positions and clamping positions (the clamping positions are lapped and riveted through rivets with good magnetic conductivity).
Stator teeth are arranged on one side of each stator lobe corresponding to the rotor, and stator slots for accommodating six-phase winding coils are formed between the stator teeth.
The inner side of the stator lobes is provided with cooling slots for receiving cooling tubes.
The six-phase copper winding is a single-layer winding, accords with six-phase double-Y shift of 30 degrees (semi-symmetry), and consists of two sets of symmetrical three-phase windings with the phase difference of 30 electrical angles.
The permanent magnets are arranged along the circumference of the inner side of the rotor, one pole of permanent magnet comprises two permanent magnets with the same polarity, and the adjacent two poles of permanent magnets are opposite in magnetism.
The stator is composed of 12-lobe stator lobes.
The rotor has 132 poles of permanent magnets, and each pole of permanent magnet is divided into two pieces with the same size along the circumferential direction, so that the rotor has 264 permanent magnets.
The stator is divided into 12 identical stator lobes, and each stator lobe has 36 teeth.
Six-phase copper winding:
the number of slots Q of stator winding of motor is 432, the number of pairs p of poles of rotor is 66, the number of phases m is 6, and the number of slots of each phase of each pole is equal to that of each phase
Figure BDA0002470888210000031
With the fractional slot design, the unit motor number t is calculated as the greatest common divisor of the slot number Q and the pole pair number p, so t is 6, the unit motor slot number Q 'is Q/t is 72, and the unit motor pole pair number p' is p/t is 11. Each unit motor stator is divided into 2 lobes with equal slot number, and each lobe comprises 36 stator teeth;
slot pitch electric angle of motor
Figure BDA0002470888210000032
The winding adopts short-distance coils, the pitch y is 3, and the electrical angle difference of two coil sides of each coil is y α 1 degrees
The electrical angle difference of the two coil sides of the coil is less than 180 degrees, and the short-distance winding design is realized.
The advantages and effects are as follows:
the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme. The 10MW outer rotor multi-phase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator is characterized by comprising a stator, a rotor, six-phase copper windings and permanent magnets. The rotor be located the motor outside, including neodymium iron boron permanent magnet and rotor silicon steel sheet, the stator can divide into the identical 12 lamella, six-phase copper winding be located the stator, neodymium iron boron permanent magnet be located the rotor inboard.
The rotor has 132 poles, each stage of permanent magnet is divided into two permanent magnets with the same size along the circumferential direction, and therefore 264 permanent magnets are arranged on the rotor. The type of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is 40SH, and the number of the neodymium iron boron permanent magnet is 264. The stator comprises an iron core formed by laminating a plurality of punching sheets, and 432 stator slots are uniformly formed in the punching sheets. The stator can be divided into 12 identical stator lobes. Each stator segment is provided with 36 teeth, and the inner side of each stator segment is provided with a clamping part and a clamping position.
The six-phase copper winding is a single-layer winding, accords with six-phase double-Y shift of 30 degrees (semi-symmetry), and consists of two sets of symmetrical three-phase windings with the phase difference of 30 electrical angles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the reliability is high, the fault rate is low, and the equipment utilization rate is high:
the generator has simple structure, the wind wheel directly drives the generator, and the generator has no gear box and no slip ring of the double-fed machine, so the fault problem caused by the gear box, the rotor slip ring and the like is thoroughly solved.
(2) The transportation, the hoisting and the maintenance are convenient:
the invention adopts the stator split design, can independently transport and hoist each stator split, and can independently disassemble the stator split of the fault part for maintenance when the stator has a fault, which is a great advantage.
(3) And torque ripple is small:
the motor winding adopted by the invention is a fractional slot winding, so that the cogging torque is greatly reduced, and the harmonic component of no-load counter electromotive force is reduced.
(4) And the heat dissipation effect of the permanent magnet is good:
the invention adopts the design of the permanent magnets in a circumferential sectional manner, and the permanent magnets under each pole are designed into two pieces, thereby effectively reducing the eddy current loss in the permanent magnets, reducing the heat generated by the eddy current loss and reducing the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnets due to high temperature.
(5) The generator cooling system has obvious effects:
cooling of high power wind generators is an important issue. According to the invention, the plurality of rectangular holes are formed in the inner side of the stator, the cooling pipes are arranged in the holes, and the cooling liquid is filled in the cooling pipes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a permanent magnet arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single stator lobe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the stator lobe splicing of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an expanded view of a 6-phase winding of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the figure, the 10MW permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2 and six-phase windings 3, wherein the stator 1 comprises a stator core 10 and a cooling pipe 11, the rotor 2 is positioned outside the stator 1, the rotor 2 comprises a rotor core 20 and a neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnet 21, the permanent magnet 21 is fixed on the inner side of the rotor core 20, and the stator 1 is wound with the six-phase windings 3; the stator core 10 is divided into 12 identical stator lobes 101, and each stator lobe 101 is uniformly provided with 36 stator teeth 1010, 6 cooling grooves 1011, 1 clamping position 1012 and 1 clamping position 1013. The cooling pipe 11 is arranged in the cooling pipe groove 1011.
The utility model provides a 10MW level outer rotor split type polyphase permanent magnetism directly drives aerogenerator which characterized in that: the rotor 2 is arranged outside the stator 1;
a permanent magnet 21 is arranged on the inner side of the rotor 2; the stator 1 is formed by combining two or more stator pieces 101, and the six-phase winding coil 3 is provided on the stator pieces 101. (the stator is designed into split, and is divided into 12 lobes, the rotor is not split, and is a whole, and each pole of permanent magnet is divided into 2 blocks)
The two ends of the stator segment 101 (inner side) are respectively provided with a clamping position 1012 and a clamping position 1013; when a plurality of stator lobes 101 are combined into a stator, adjacent stator lobes 101 are connected with a clamping part 1013 through a clamping part 1012 (the clamping part 1013 overlaps the clamping part 1012 and can be riveted by rivets with good magnetic permeability).
Stator teeth 1010 are provided on one side of the stator segment 101 corresponding to the rotor 2, and stator slots for accommodating the six-phase winding coil 3 are formed between the stator teeth 1010.
The inner side of the stator segment 101 is provided with a cooling groove 1011 for accommodating the cooling pipe 11.
The six-phase copper winding is a single-layer winding, accords with six-phase double-Y shift of 30 degrees (semi-symmetry), and consists of two sets of symmetrical three-phase windings with the phase difference of 30 electrical angles.
The permanent magnets 21 are arranged along the circumference of the inner side of the rotor 2, one pole of permanent magnet comprises two permanent magnets with the same polarity, and the adjacent two poles of permanent magnets are opposite in magnetism.
The stator 1 is composed of 12-lobe stator lobes 101.
The rotor has 132 poles of permanent magnets, and each pole of permanent magnet is divided into two pieces with the same size along the circumferential direction, so that the rotor has 264 permanent magnets.
The stator is divided into 12 identical stator lobes, and each stator lobe has 36 teeth.
Split winding design analysis
Besides increasing the torque ripple frequency and reducing the torque ripple amplitude, the multiphase permanent magnet synchronous generator also increases the output power of the whole system due to the increase of the number of phases, and the capacity requirement on power electronic power devices is also reduced. In addition, increasing the number of phases is also beneficial to improving the speed regulation characteristic of a low-speed area. The high fault tolerance is also a characteristic of this type of motor, and when one or more phases of the multiple phases fail, the motor can still be started and operated with reduced power by proper control. Therefore, it is a great advantage to use six-phase double Y-shifted 30 ° (semi-symmetrical) windings in a permanent magnet direct drive generator.
The number of slots Q of stator winding of motor is 432, the number of pairs p of poles of rotor is 66, the number of phases m is 6, and the number of slots of each phase of each pole is equal to that of each phase
Figure BDA0002470888210000061
Since the fractional slot design is adopted, the unit motor number t can be calculated as the greatest common divisor of the slot number Q and the pole pair number p, so that t is 6, the unit motor slot number Q 'is Q/t is 72, and the unit motor pole pair number p' is p/t is 11. Each unit motor stator can be divided into 2 lobes with equal groove number, and each lobe comprises 36 stator teeth.
Slot pitch electric angle of motor
Figure BDA0002470888210000071
The winding adopts short-distance coils, the pitch y is 3, and the electrical angle difference of two coil sides of each coil is y α 1 degrees
The electrical angle difference of the two coil sides of the coil is less than 180 degrees, the short-distance winding design can be realized, the length of the coil end is shortened, copper is saved, and harmonic waves can be eliminated.
The invention has the main structural characteristics that:
(1) using outer rotor design
The generator rotor is positioned outside the stator, so that the heat dissipation of the rotor is facilitated; the permanent magnets are arranged on the inner wall of the rotor along the circumferential radial direction, and when the motor rotates, the permanent magnets can be firmly combined with the rotor under the action of centrifugal force, so that the necessary rotor reinforcing measures of the inner rotor permanent magnet wind driven generator are omitted, and the running performance of the motor is improved; compared with an inner rotor structure, the outer rotor is easier to mount multiple magnetic poles, the volume of the stator is reduced, and the cost is reduced while the high efficiency is ensured; the outer rotor is more easily integrated with the prime motor, the blades are directly arranged on the shell of the motor, other transmission devices are not needed between the motor and the wind wheel blades, and the wind utilization rate is fully improved; the rotor of the outer rotor permanent magnet wind driven generator has large rotational inertia, which is beneficial to improving the electromotive force fluctuation caused by the stabilizing wind fluctuation of the generator set and overcoming the influence of the wind speed fluctuation on the operation of the motor.
(2) Permanent magnet circumferential segmentation
The two lower permanent magnets of each pole are designed, so that the eddy current loss in the permanent magnets can be effectively reduced, the heat generated by the eddy current loss is reduced, and the risk of demagnetization of the permanent magnets due to high temperature is reduced.
(3) Stator split design
The stator of the generator is divided into 12 identical lobes, each stator lobe can be independently transported and hoisted, and the stator lobes with faults can be independently disassembled for maintenance when the stator fails.
(4) Laying cooling tubes on the stator
Set up a plurality of rectangular holes in the stator inboard, downthehole being equipped with the cooling tube, intraductal expert has the coolant liquid, and the heat on the stator can directly be taken away with the coolant liquid to this kind of design, and the cooling effect promotes greatly.
In summary, the invention relates to a design of a novel modular multi-phase offshore direct-drive 10MW permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator, and compared with a conventional direct-drive generator, the motor scheme mainly aims at the problems of large size and difficult maintenance of a large offshore direct-drive wind driven generator, and provides a design of a multi-phase winding and stator modular scheme, so that the design weight and the maintenance cost are effectively reduced. Compared with the prior art, the wind power generation device has high reliability and large power generation power, is convenient to transport and maintain, and can be suitable for wind turbine generators with power reaching 10MW level.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a 10MW level outer rotor split type polyphase permanent magnetism directly drives aerogenerator which characterized in that: the rotor (2) is arranged outside the stator (1);
a permanent magnet (21) is arranged on the inner side of the rotor (2); the stator (1) is formed by combining more than two stator lobes (101), and the six-phase winding coil (3) is arranged on the stator lobes (101).
2. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: two ends of the stator vane (101) are respectively provided with a clamping position (1012) and a clamping position (1013); when a plurality of stator lobes (101) are combined into a stator, adjacent stator lobes (101) are connected through a clamping position (1012) and a clamping position (1013).
3. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: one side of the stator lobe (101) corresponding to the rotor (2) is provided with stator teeth (1010), and stator slots for accommodating the six-phase winding coils (3) are formed between the stator teeth (1010).
4. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a cooling groove (1011) for accommodating the cooling pipe (11) is provided on the inner side of the stator vane (101).
5. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the six-phase copper winding is a single-layer winding, accords with six-phase double-Y shift of 30 degrees, and consists of two sets of symmetrical three-phase windings with the phase difference of 30 degrees.
6. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the permanent magnets (21) are arranged along the circumference of the inner side of the rotor (2), one pole of permanent magnet comprises two permanent magnets with the same polarity, and the adjacent two poles of permanent magnets are opposite in magnetism.
7. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stator (1) is composed of 12-lobe stator lobes (101).
8. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 6, characterized in that: the rotor has 132-pole permanent magnets.
9. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: the stator is divided into 12 identical stator lobes, and each stator lobe has 36 teeth.
10. The 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator according to claim 8, characterized in that: six-phase copper winding:
the number of slots Q of stator winding of motor is 432, the number of pairs p of poles of rotor is 66, the number of phases m is 6, and the number of slots of each phase of each pole is equal to that of each phase
Figure FDA0002470888200000021
The fractional slot design is adopted, the unit motor number t is calculated to be the maximum common divisor of the slot number Q and the pole pair number p, so that t is 6, the unit motor slot number Q 'is Q/t is 72, and the unit motor pole pair number p' is p/t is 11; each unit motor stator is divided into 2 lobes with equal slot number, and each lobe comprises 36 stator teeth;
slot pitch electric angle of motor
Figure FDA0002470888200000022
The winding adopts short-distance coils, the pitch y is 3, and the difference of the electrical angles of two coil sides of each coil is
1=165°
The electrical angle difference of the two coil sides of the coil is less than 180 degrees, and the short-distance winding design is realized.
CN202010347991.6A 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator Pending CN111490615A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202010347991.6A CN111490615A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010347991.6A CN111490615A (en) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 10 MW-level outer rotor split type multiphase permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112803631A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-05-14 国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司 Polar slot matching method applied to high-capacity offshore high-temperature superconducting fan

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112803631A (en) * 2020-11-03 2021-05-14 国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司 Polar slot matching method applied to high-capacity offshore high-temperature superconducting fan

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