CN111486439A - Integrated ship steam power water supply device and ship steam power system - Google Patents
Integrated ship steam power water supply device and ship steam power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111486439A CN111486439A CN202010357748.2A CN202010357748A CN111486439A CN 111486439 A CN111486439 A CN 111486439A CN 202010357748 A CN202010357748 A CN 202010357748A CN 111486439 A CN111486439 A CN 111486439A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/08—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
- F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
- F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated ship steam power water supply device and a ship steam power system, which comprise an inlet header, a vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device and an outlet header; vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit includes: the steam-condensing device comprises a mixing chamber, a water-condensing chamber, a steam-condensing spray pipe and a mixing-condensing spray pipe; the steam scaling spray pipe, the mixing chamber and the mixing scaling spray pipe are sequentially communicated along the steam movement direction; the inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the inlet header, the mixing chamber is communicated with the condensed water chamber, and the outlet of the mixed convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the outlet header. The integrated steam power water supply device for the ships replaces a conventional water spray jet pump and a condensate pump, and the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device is used for simultaneously boosting and exchanging heat, so that the influence of the ocean swinging environment is avoided. In the mixed boosting process, the full utilization of the heat energy of the exhaust steam is realized, on one hand, the equipment composition and the self-power demand of a condensing and water-supplying system are reduced, on the other hand, the load of a condenser is also reduced, and the efficiency of a steam power system is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ship power systems, in particular to an integrated ship steam power water supply device and a ship steam power system.
Background
The current steam power system is still the main power source of large ships and plays an important role in converting the heat energy released by fuel oil combustion into the propulsion kinetic energy and self-electricity utilization of the ship. The conventional ship steam power system adopts a steam Rankine cycle mode, a water wall type evaporator is used as a heat exchange device of a ship boiler and the steam power system, a large-sized steam turbine is used as conversion equipment from heat energy to kinetic energy, and a condensate water supply system is used as source power for providing stable water supply for the steam power system. It should be particularly noted that the condensate water supply system is used as a main driving device of the whole steam power system, and not only needs to provide water with sufficient flow and pressure for the steam power system, but also bears the important role of adjusting the operation condition of the system, and the condensate water supply system can be considered as a core component of the steam power system.
The steam power system of the ship is limited by the space of the ship, the marine environment, the operation requirement and the like, the flow of the condensing and water feeding system is mainly characterized in that the exhaust steam at the outlet of a steam turbine is discharged into a condenser to be cooled into condensed water, the condensed water enters a condensing pump to be preliminarily pressurized after thermal or chemical deoxidization, and then enters a water feeding pump to be pressurized to the rated working pressure. The condensate water supply system in the current ship steam power system has the following three problems:
first, the condensate feed system is overly complex and susceptible to wind and wave. The condensate water supply system is generally composed of a plurality of water spray jet pumps, a condensate pump, a water supply pump, relevant pipeline valves and the like, because the space of a power cabin of a ship is limited, in order to ensure that the water supply pump has enough boosting capacity and cavitation allowance, the condensate pump needs to be additionally arranged in front of the water supply pump to primarily boost condensate water, but the cavitation problem of the condensate pump is also introduced, the stable operation of the condensate pump is ensured in a mode of increasing the liquid level difference between the condensate pump and a condenser or additionally arranging the water spray jet pumps in front of the condensate pump and the like, and the equipment composition and the connecting pipeline of the condensate water supply system are very complicated due to the layer-by-layer superposition of the equipment. In addition, because a large ship needs to run on the sea surface for a long time, the large ship is very likely to be influenced by severe sea conditions such as heavy wind and waves, the ship inevitably generates large-amplitude left-right swinging or front-back tilting, although the condensate pump is usually arranged near the central line of the ship, the phenomenon that the water level of the inlet of the condensate pump is close to or lower than the water level of the condenser still occurs under the large swinging and shaking condition, the inlet of the condensate pump is not filled to a high degree, the condensate pump is subjected to cavitation and cannot work normally, the problems of insufficient water supply quantity, insufficient water supply pressure or surge and the like of a subsequent water supply pump are caused, the safe and stable operation of a steam power system is directly influenced, and even the power source of.
Secondly, the steam-driven feed water pump in the condensate-feed water system can generate a large amount of exhaust steam with higher quality, and the exhaust steam is usually sent into a condenser to be directly cooled, so that the waste of effective heat energy is caused, and the efficiency of the marine steam power system is difficult to improve. As the marine steam power system generally needs to provide power of tens of thousands of horsepower, and the steam pressure of the mainstream marine steam power system is as high as 6-8MPa, the condensate water supply system needs to provide enough pressure rise for condensate water with large flow, and the pressure rise of the condensate water pump is as low as 0.2-0.3MPa, so that electric drive is usually adopted, while the pressure rise of the feed water pump is as high as 6-8MPa, and a large amount of high-energy steam drive must be adopted. The water supply pump usually adopts a back pressure turbine, the turbine generates exhaust steam with 0.5-0.9MPa and about 200 ℃, the exhaust steam is directly sent to a condenser for condensation, effective heat waste is caused, and the efficiency of a steam power system of a large ship is only about 22%.
Thirdly, the condensate water supply system is a main noise source of the steam power system of the ship due to the fact that the condensate water supply system comprises a plurality of pump sets. The condensate pump generates great transient noise during cavitation, and the water supply pump has great power, so that the vibration of the turbine and the pump is the main component of the vibration noise in the whole power system, and the working environment of the power cabin and the living environment of the compartment with the partition are seriously affected.
In conclusion, the condensate water supply system of the current ship steam system has the problems of complex system composition, low heat energy utilization rate, large vibration noise and the like, and is a main bottleneck problem influencing the improvement of the comprehensive performance of the ship power system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical defects and application requirements, the embodiment of the invention provides an integrated ship steam power water supply device and a ship steam power system, so as to effectively solve the problems of complex composition, low thermal efficiency, large vibration noise and the like of a condensate water supply system.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an integrated steam power water supply device for ships, comprising: the device comprises an inlet header, a vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device and an outlet header;
wherein, vapour liquid shock wave booster unit includes: the steam-condensing device comprises a mixing chamber, a water-condensing chamber, a steam-condensing spray pipe and a mixing-condensing spray pipe; the steam scaling spray pipe, the mixing chamber and the mixing scaling spray pipe are communicated in sequence along the steam movement direction; the inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the inlet header, the mixing chamber is communicated with the condensed water chamber, and the outlet of the mixed convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the outlet header.
Further, the hybrid convergent-divergent nozzle includes: a gradually-reducing section, a throat section and a gradually-expanding section which are communicated in sequence.
Furthermore, the inlet header is of an annular structure, the inlet header is provided with a steam exhaust inlet and a plurality of exhaust outlets uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and each exhaust outlet is communicated with the inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle.
Furthermore, the outlet header is of an annular structure and is provided with a water header outlet and a plurality of water header inlets which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the water header inlets are communicated with the outlet of the mixing and zooming spray pipe.
Furthermore, the mixing chamber, the water condensation chamber, the steam scaling spray pipe and the mixing scaling spray pipe are all multiple, and the mixing chamber, the water condensation chamber, the steam scaling spray pipe and the mixing scaling spray pipe are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Further, the integrated ship steam power water supply device further comprises: a feed pump; the feed pump is communicated with the outlet of the outlet header.
Further, the integrated ship steam power water supply device further comprises: mounting a base; the mounting base is fixed in the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device, and the water feed pump is connected with the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device through the mounting base.
Further, the integrated ship steam power water supply device further comprises: the fixing bracket and the flexible vibration isolator; the water feeding pump is connected with the deck sequentially through the fixed support and the flexible vibration isolator.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a steam power system for a ship, comprising: the integrated steam power water supply device for the ship is disclosed.
Further, the ship steam power system further comprises: the system comprises an evaporator, a steam turbine generator, a condenser and a driving steam turbine; the output end of the evaporator is respectively communicated with the steam turbine, the steam turbine generator and the driving steam turbine, the steam turbine and the steam turbine generator are communicated with the input end of the evaporator through the steam condenser and the integrated ship steam power water supply device in sequence, and the driving steam turbine is communicated with the input end of the evaporator through the integrated ship steam power water supply device.
According to the integrated ship steam power water supply device and the ship steam power system, the integrated ship steam power water supply device is arranged to replace a conventional water spray jet pump and a conventional condensate pump, and the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device is used for simultaneously realizing boosting and heat exchange, so that the influence of an ocean swinging environment is avoided. In the mixed boosting process, the full utilization of the heat energy of the exhaust steam is realized, on one hand, the equipment composition and the self-power demand of a condensing and water-supplying system are reduced, on the other hand, the load of a condenser is also reduced, and the efficiency of a steam power system is effectively improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam power system of a ship provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated ship steam power water supply device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an inlet header provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an outlet header provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. an inlet header; 2. a vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device; 3. an outlet header; 4. a feed pump; 5. mounting a base; 6. fixing a bracket; 7. a flexible vibration isolator; 8. an evaporator; 9. a steam turbine; 10. a steam turbine generator; 11. a condenser; 12. driving a steam turbine; 21. a mixing chamber; 22. a water condensation chamber; 23. a steam convergent-divergent nozzle; 24. a hybrid convergent-divergent nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated ship steam power water supply device, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, including: an inlet header 1, a vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2 and an outlet header 3;
wherein, vapour liquid shock wave booster unit 2 includes: a mixing chamber 21, a condensate chamber 22, a steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23 and a mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24. The steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23, the mixing chamber 21 and the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24 are communicated in sequence along the moving direction of the steam. The inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23 is communicated with the inlet header 1, the mixing chamber 21 is communicated with the condensed water chamber 22, and the outlet of the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24 is communicated with the outlet header 3.
In this embodiment, the hybrid convergent-divergent nozzle 24 includes: a gradually-reducing section, a throat section and a gradually-expanding section which are communicated in sequence.
In the working process, after exhaust steam enters the inlet header 1, the steam coming out of the inlet header 1 directly enters the steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23 corresponding to the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device 2, and condensate water from the condenser enters the condensate water chamber 22 corresponding to the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device 2. The steam is accelerated to hundreds of meters per second through the steam scaling spray pipe 23 to reach a supersonic speed state. The condensed water enters the mixing chamber 21 and begins with direct contact with high velocity steam. The high velocity steam stream formed from the steam, which is used as a power source, is brought into direct contact with the low pressure water stream and partially condensed, begins to mix gradually within the mixing chamber 21 and enters the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24. In the convergent section of the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24, high-speed steam and low-speed condensed water are subjected to more violent direct contact heat exchange, and the condensed water and steam mixture forms a supersonic steam-water mixture in the convergent section through strong energy and momentum exchange. Because the steam-water mixture is in a two-phase flow state, the sound velocity of the steam-water mixture is far lower than that of a single-phase fluid, and therefore the steam-water mixture is still in a supersonic velocity state. After entering the throat section, the supersonic steam-water mixture generates a condensation shock wave due to severe channel contraction, the supersonic steam-water mixture generates phenomena of sudden drop of flow speed and sudden rise of pressure after passing through the condensation shock wave, the steam-water mixture is converted into single-phase water, the pressure and the temperature of the single-phase water are obviously improved relative to the condensation water, and the single-phase water flows, expands and decelerates through the expansion section to obtain the single-phase water with the pressure of about 0.5MPa, so that the pressure requirement of inlet water of a water feeding pump can be met.
According to the integrated ship steam power water supply device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the integrated ship steam power water supply device is arranged to replace a conventional water spray jet pump and a conventional condensate pump, and the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device is used for simultaneously realizing boosting and heat exchange, so that the integrated ship steam power water supply device is not influenced by the ocean swinging environment. In the mixed boosting process, the full utilization of the heat energy of the exhaust steam is realized, on one hand, the equipment composition and the self-power demand of a condensing and water-supplying system are reduced, on the other hand, the load of a condenser is also reduced, and the efficiency of a steam power system is effectively improved.
Based on the above-mentioned embodiments, in a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inlet header 1 is of an annular structure, and the inlet header 1 may adopt a one-in-multiple-out structure, that is, the inlet header 1 is provided with a steam exhaust inlet and a plurality of exhaust outlets uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and each exhaust outlet is communicated with the inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23. In the embodiment, 1 inlet and 4 outlets are taken as an example, and the steam-steam separator is composed of 1 steam exhaust inlet, 1 steam exhaust header and 4 steam exhaust outlets, and throttle hole plates with different resistances can be arranged at each steam exhaust outlet to ensure that the steam flow of each steam exhaust outlet is kept equal.
As shown in fig. 4, the outlet header 3 may adopt a one-outlet multi-inlet structure, the outlet header 3 is an annular structure, the outlet header 3 is provided with a water header outlet and a plurality of water header inlets uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, and each water header inlet is communicated with the outlet of the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24. In this embodiment, a 4-inlet-1-outlet structure is taken as an example, and the structure is composed of 4 water header inlets, 1 annular water header and 1 water header outlet, and orifice plates with different resistances are arranged at the water header inlets to ensure that the back pressure of the expansion section of each vapor-liquid shock wave booster device 2 is equal.
Similarly, in order to satisfy the structural design of multiple channels, in this embodiment, the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2 may be provided in plural numbers, and is generally provided in an even number for ensuring stability, that is, the mixing chamber 21, the water condensation chamber 22, the steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23, and the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24 are plural numbers, and each of the mixing chamber 21, the water condensation chamber 22, the steam convergent-divergent nozzle 23, and the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24 is provided in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so as to be used in cooperation with the one-in multiple-out inlet header 1 and the one-out multiple-in outlet header 3. The outlet header 3 is directly connected with the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2, and single-phase water coming out of the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2 directly enters the outlet header 3. Because a plurality of vapour-liquid shock wave pressure boosting devices 2 with even numbers are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction, outlets of the vapour-liquid shock wave pressure boosting devices 2 are communicated with the outlet header 3 to be collected.
In this embodiment, form integrated structure with entry collection case 1, vapour liquid shock wave booster unit 2 and export collection case 3 through modes such as welding, as shown in fig. 1, the export of entry collection case 1 directly links with vapour liquid shock wave booster unit 2's steam inlet, and vapour liquid shock wave booster unit 2's export directly links with export collection case 3, and the steam extraction entry of entry collection case 1 reserves standard steam flange interface, and the water outlet of export collection case 3 reserves standard high pressure water flange.
In this embodiment, integrated naval vessel steam power water supply equipment still includes: a feed pump 4; the feed pump 4 communicates with the outlet of the outlet header 3. For the fixed feed pump 4, integrated naval vessel steam power water supply equipment still includes: a mounting base 5; the mounting base 5 is fixed in the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2, and the water feeding pump 4 is connected with the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device 2 through the mounting base 5. The rigid connection between the vapor-liquid shock wave booster device 2 and the water feeding pump 4 is realized, the existing condensate water supply system can be modified on the premise of not changing the external structure of the water feeding pump 4, the power requirements of different ship condensate water supply systems can be adapted to carry out serialization and customization design, and the direct type selection adaptation can be carried out on the steam-liquid shock wave booster device and the water feeding pump 4 with different models.
For noise abatement, integrated naval vessel steam power water supply equipment still includes: a fixed bracket 6 and a flexible vibration isolator 7; the water feeding pump 4 is connected with the deck through a fixed bracket 6 and a flexible vibration isolator 7 in sequence. Because the inlet header 1, the gas-liquid shock wave boosting device 2 and the outlet header 3 are of an integrated structure in the embodiment, namely, the whole integrated ship steam power water supply device is connected with the bottom deck of the ship power cabin through the fixed support 6 and the flexible vibration isolator 7, the integrated whole vibration isolation of the integrated ship steam power water supply device is realized, and the control and the isolation of vibration noise are facilitated.
According to the integrated ship steam power water supply device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the integrated ship steam power water supply device is arranged to replace a conventional water spray jet pump and a conventional condensate pump, and the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device is used for simultaneously realizing boosting and heat exchange, so that the integrated ship steam power water supply device is not influenced by the ocean swinging environment. In the mixed boosting process, the full utilization of the heat energy of the exhaust steam is realized, on one hand, the equipment composition and the self-power demand of a condensing and water-supplying system are reduced, on the other hand, the load of a condenser is also reduced, and the efficiency of a steam power system is effectively improved.
In addition, be different from above-mentioned embodiment, this embodiment has reduced the vibration noise of integrated form naval vessel steam power water supply installation, and the condensate pump has been cancelled on the one hand to the design of integration, on the other hand with vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit and feed pump rigidity integration and whole vibration isolation. In addition, the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device can form a continuous acting force from top to bottom on the water feeding pump, and the acting force and the weight of the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device act together to increase the self weight of the water feeding pump, so that the amplitude and the frequency of the water feeding pump are reduced.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a steam power system for a ship, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the steam power system for a ship comprises the integrated steam power water supply device for a ship.
In this embodiment, the ship steam power system further includes: an evaporator 8, a steam turbine 9, a turbogenerator 10, a condenser 11 and a drive turbine 12. The output end of the evaporator 8 is respectively communicated with a steam turbine 9, a steam turbine generator 10 and a driving steam turbine 12, the steam turbine 9 and the steam turbine generator 10 are communicated with the input end of the evaporator 8 through a condenser 11 and an integrated ship steam power water supply device in sequence, and the driving steam turbine 12 is communicated with the input end of the evaporator 8 through the integrated ship steam power water supply device.
In the working process, the combustion chamber of the marine boiler releases heat through fuel oil combustion, feed water of 6-8MPa is heated and evaporated into high-temperature and high-pressure steam through the water-cooled wall type evaporator 8, about 95% of the steam in the steam enters the steam turbine 9 and the steam turbine generator 10 to provide forward power and power for ships, and the other steam of about 5% enters the back pressure type driving steam turbine 12 of the feed water pump 4. The exhaust steam of the steam turbine 9 and the steam turbine generator 10 enters a condenser 11 to be condensed into 0.01-0.03MPa of condensed water, and the condensed water enters the integrated ship steam power water supply device after being deoxidized. The driving turbine 12 of the water feeding pump 4 generates exhaust steam with about 0.9MPa and 200 ℃, the exhaust steam enters the inlet header 1, the steam coming out of the inlet header 1 directly enters the steam scaling spray pipe 23 corresponding to the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device 2, and the condensate water coming from the condenser enters the condensate water chamber 22 corresponding to the steam-liquid shock wave boosting device 2. The steam is accelerated to hundreds of meters per second through the steam scaling spray pipe 23 to reach a supersonic speed state. The condensed water enters the mixing chamber 21 and begins with direct contact with high velocity steam. The high velocity steam stream formed from the steam, which is used as a power source, is brought into direct contact with the low pressure water stream and partially condensed, begins to mix gradually within the mixing chamber 21 and enters the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24. In the convergent section of the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle 24, high-speed steam and low-speed condensed water are subjected to more violent direct contact heat exchange, and the condensed water and steam mixture forms a supersonic steam-water mixture in the convergent section through strong energy and momentum exchange. Because the steam-water mixture is in a two-phase flow state, the sound velocity of the steam-water mixture is far lower than that of a single-phase fluid, and therefore the steam-water mixture is still in a supersonic velocity state. After entering the throat section, the supersonic steam-water mixture generates a condensation shock wave due to severe channel contraction, the supersonic steam-water mixture generates phenomena of sudden drop of flow speed and sudden rise of pressure after passing through the condensation shock wave, the steam-water mixture is converted into single-phase water, the pressure and the temperature of the single-phase water are obviously improved relative to the condensation water, and the single-phase water flows, expands and decelerates through the expansion section to obtain the single-phase water with the pressure of about 0.5MPa, so that the pressure requirement of inlet water of the water feeding pump 4 can be met. The single-phase water leaving from the outlet of the water header is boosted to 6-8MPa in the feed pump 4, and then the boosted feed water enters the evaporator 8 for heat exchange and evaporation and then enters the next round of circulation.
Wherein, on the premise of ensuring that the condensed water pressure is increased to 0.5MPa, the mass ratio of the high-pressure steam to the condensed water can reach 1: 20. the steam consumption of the water supply pump 4 is about 5% of the new steam output of the evaporator, so that the discharged steam is enough to boost the pressure of all condensed water, and the running requirement of the steam power train of the ship under all working conditions can be met.
To sum up, the naval vessel steam power system that this embodiment provided replaces conventional water jet pump and condensate pump with vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit, and this vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit adopts the steam extraction that drives the steam turbine as the high pressure steam source, and the condensate that will come from the condenser is taken as the water source that waits to boost after carrying out the deoxidization. The condensed water of 0.01-0.03MPa is boosted to about 0.5MPa through the shock wave action of the vapor-liquid two-phase flow, the initial pressure condition of directly entering the inlet of the water supply pump is met, and the problem of cavitation of a condensed water supply system is fundamentally eliminated.
In addition, because the steam discharged from the outlet of the water feeding pump has higher pressure and temperature (0.5-0.9MPa, about 200 ℃), the steam is directly mixed with condensed water to boost the pressure, the full utilization of the heat energy of the discharged steam is realized, the composition and the self-electricity demand of the integrated steam power water feeding device for ships are reduced, the load of the condenser is reduced, and the overall heat efficiency is greatly improved.
In addition, carry out rigid connection with vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit and feed pump, evenly set up two or a plurality of vapour-liquid shock wave booster units of even number in equidistant circumference on the feed pump, the high pressure steam extraction all flows from top to bottom with the low pressure condensate water among the vapour-liquid shock wave booster unit, can form a continuous effort from top to bottom to the feed pump casing, to a certain extent, its effect is similar to the self weight that has increased the feed pump, under the condition of the same power grade and rotational speed, can show amplitude and the frequency that reduces its vibration, thereby reach the effect that the feed pump was damped and was fallen the noise.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the invention, but not to limit it; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An integrated ship steam power water supply device is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises an inlet header, a vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device and an outlet header;
wherein, vapour liquid shock wave booster unit includes: the steam-condensing device comprises a mixing chamber, a water-condensing chamber, a steam-condensing spray pipe and a mixing-condensing spray pipe; the steam scaling spray pipe, the mixing chamber and the mixing scaling spray pipe are communicated in sequence along the steam movement direction; the inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the inlet header, the mixing chamber is communicated with the condensed water chamber, and the outlet of the mixed convergent-divergent nozzle is communicated with the outlet header.
2. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply of claim 1, wherein the hybrid convergent-divergent nozzle comprises: a gradually-reducing section, a throat section and a gradually-expanding section which are communicated in sequence.
3. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inlet header is of an annular configuration, the inlet header being provided with a steam discharge inlet and a plurality of circumferentially uniformly arranged exhaust outlets, each of the exhaust outlets being in communication with an inlet of the steam convergent-divergent nozzle.
4. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the outlet header is of an annular configuration, the outlet header being provided with a header outlet and a plurality of header inlets uniformly arranged circumferentially, each header inlet being in communication with the outlet of the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle.
5. The integrated ship steam power water supply device according to claim 1, wherein the mixing chamber, the water condensation chamber, the steam convergent-divergent nozzle and the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle are all provided in plurality, and each mixing chamber, the water condensation chamber, the steam convergent-divergent nozzle and the mixing convergent-divergent nozzle are arranged in one-to-one correspondence.
6. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply of claim 1, further comprising: a feed pump; the feed pump is communicated with the outlet of the outlet header.
7. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply of claim 6, further comprising: mounting a base; the mounting base is fixed in the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device, and the water feed pump is connected with the vapor-liquid shock wave boosting device through the mounting base.
8. The integrated vessel steam powered water supply of claim 7, further comprising: the fixing bracket and the flexible vibration isolator; the water feeding pump is connected with the deck sequentially through the fixed support and the flexible vibration isolator.
9. A vessel steam power system, comprising: the integrated ship steam powered water supply of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The vessel steam power system of claim 9, further comprising:
the system comprises an evaporator, a steam turbine generator, a condenser and a driving steam turbine; the output end of the evaporator is respectively communicated with the steam turbine, the steam turbine generator and the driving steam turbine, the steam turbine and the steam turbine generator are communicated with the input end of the evaporator through the steam condenser and the integrated ship steam power water supply device in sequence, and the driving steam turbine is communicated with the input end of the evaporator through the integrated ship steam power water supply device.
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