CN111485958A - 一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层 - Google Patents

一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层 Download PDF

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CN111485958A
CN111485958A CN202010310072.1A CN202010310072A CN111485958A CN 111485958 A CN111485958 A CN 111485958A CN 202010310072 A CN202010310072 A CN 202010310072A CN 111485958 A CN111485958 A CN 111485958A
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turbine engine
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杨君
张庆林
韩广德
王健
周学升
李延骁
高岩飞
刘永辉
郭峻宇
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Shandong Jiaotong University
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Abstract

一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，包括用于与叶片进行连接的过渡层，所述过渡层远离叶片的一侧设有功能层，所述功能层的外侧设有清洁层，所述清洁层包括一基本平滑的平面，在平面上均布有若干清洁凸起。本申请采用多层结构以使得不同层可以实现不同的结构，以得到不同的功能，继而提高涂层整体功能性的同时，也大大提高它的可靠性。

Description

一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层
技术领域
本申请涉及一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层。
背景技术
在燃气涡轮发动机中，主要的运动部件为涡轮，而涡轮本身主要是通过叶片进行相应能量的传导，且与外界的静部件进行密切接触。因此涡轮本身的性质几乎就决定了燃气涡轮发动机的质量，为了增强涡轮的性能，业界有非常多的方法，大体可以分为本身结构、材料的优化和涂覆涂层。
而在叶片中，环境更加复杂的是叶尖部分，由于叶尖部分需要直接与静部件进行密封连接，势必产生一定的磨损，但是磨损如果过于严重，则会对于其他部分产生破坏、甚至直接导致失稳。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本申请提出了一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，包括用于与叶片进行连接的过渡层，所述过渡层远离叶片的一侧设有功能层，所述功能层的外侧设有清洁层，所述清洁层包括一基本平滑的平面，在平面上均布有若干清洁凸起。本申请采用多层结构以使得不同层可以实现不同的结构，以得到不同的功能，继而提高涂层整体功能性的同时，也大大提高它的可靠性。具体来说，过渡层主要是起到与叶片原来材料的连接功能，并且可以屏蔽掉原本材料对于功能层的影响，功能层作为夹层存在，主要是起到两个作用，一个是设置陶瓷凸起，第二个是当最外层的清洁层磨损后，依然可以起到实质性的摩擦作用，从而在保证效果的前提之下延长整个涂层的使用时间。
优选的，所述功能层的制备原料包括陶瓷粉末，使得功能层形成之后，在功能层的表面有陶瓷粉末形成的陶瓷凸起，所述清洁层均匀附着在功能层上，使得依托陶瓷凸起形成清洁凸起。本申请的清洁层本身之所以采用平整设置，主要是为如下两个目的，能够在初期降低陶瓷表面的尖锐之处的影响，减少对于其他部件的损坏，另外一个目的是，清洁层本体可以填充一部分功能层上陶瓷凸起与其自身之间的间隙，从而即使在清洁层完全磨损之后，也能一定程度上避免陶瓷凸起发生脱落。
优选的，所述过渡层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：Co：40-60份；Cr：15-25份；Al：15-25份；Zr：5-15份。
优选的，所述过渡层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Al、Zr在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气。
优选的，所述过渡层的厚度为50-100μm。
优选的，所述功能层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：SiC：8-15份；Ti：30-50份；Cr：20-30份；Co：20-30份。
优选的，所述陶瓷粉末为SiC，所述过渡层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入200-500目的SiC，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气。本申请采用体积相对大一些的SiC作为可以产生凸起底部，将SiC附着到Co、Cr、Ti形成的涂层当中，为形成清洁凸起提供物质基础。
优选的，所述过渡层的厚度为900-1000μm。
优选的，所述清洁层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：Co：20-30份；Cr：10-20份；Ti：50-70份；Al：10-20份；所述清洁层厚度为50-200μm。
优选的，所述清洁层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti、Al在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气；所述过渡层的喷涂在功能层喷涂完毕之后立即进行喷涂。
本申请能够带来如下有益效果：
1.本申请采用多层结构以使得不同层可以实现不同的结构，以得到不同的功能，继而提高涂层整体功能性的同时，也提高它的可靠性。具体来说，过渡层主要是起到与叶片原来材料的连接功能，并且可以屏蔽掉原本材料对于功能层的影响，功能层作为夹层存在，主要是起到两个作用，一个是设置陶瓷凸起，第二个是当最外层的清洁层磨损后，依然可以起到实质性的摩擦作用，从而在保证效果的前提之下延长整个涂层的使用时间；
2.本申请的清洁层本身之所以采用平整设置，主要是为如下两个目的，能够在初期降低陶瓷表面的尖锐之处的影响，减少对于其他部件的损坏，另外一个目的是，清洁层本体可以填充一部分功能层上陶瓷凸起与其自身之间的间隙，从而即使在清洁层完全磨损之后，也能一定程度上避免陶瓷凸起发生脱落；
3.本申请采用体积相对大一些的SiC作为可以产生凸起底部，将SiC附着到Co、Cr、Ti形成的涂层当中，为形成清洁凸起提供物质基础。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点，下面通过具体实施方式，对本申请进行详细阐述。
在实施例中，准备和叶尖相同的板材，然后配置过渡层、功能层和清洁层的原料：
S1.首先将板材进行表面摩擦处理；
S2.将200-500目的Co、Cr、Al、Zr在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气；
S3.将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入200-500目的SiC，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气；
S4.过渡层的喷涂在功能层喷涂完毕之后立即进行，立即进行喷涂将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti、Al在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气，各种组份的组成见表1；
表1：
Figure BDA0002457389050000041
表1续表：
Figure BDA0002457389050000042
S5.利用显微硬度仪进行硬度测试，然后用Taber磨耗试验机进行测试，直至摩擦露出叶尖材料，记录摩擦次数，如表2所示。
表2：
序号 显微维氏硬度(HV) 摩擦数量(次)
1 870 17500
2 890 18200
3 850 17800
4 840 12500
5 850 10200
6 810 13050
7 830 11200
8 790 14400
9 910 9400
10 830 7810
11 850 5200
由此可见，采用三层复合设置的过渡层、功能层和清洁层，可以使得在具有较高硬度的前提之下，还可以有较好的耐磨性能；在不具有过渡层时，耐摩擦的数目明显变少，同样，若没有清洁层，耐磨能力也会大大降低且维氏硬度也会降低，在没有功能层时，耐磨能力也降低明显。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于系统实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：包括用于与叶片进行连接的过渡层，所述过渡层远离叶片的一侧设有功能层，所述功能层的外侧设有清洁层，所述清洁层包括一基本平滑的平面，在平面上均布有若干清洁凸起。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述功能层的制备原料包括陶瓷粉末，使得功能层形成之后，在功能层的表面有陶瓷粉末形成的陶瓷凸起，所述清洁层均匀附着在功能层上，使得依托陶瓷凸起形成清洁凸起。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述过渡层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：Co：40-60份；Cr：15-25份；Al：15-25份；Zr：5-15份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述过渡层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Al、Zr在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述过渡层的厚度为50-100μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述功能层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：SiC：8-15份；Ti：30-50份；Cr：20-30份；Co：20-30份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述陶瓷粉末为SiC，所述过渡层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，然后放入200-500目的SiC，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述过渡层的厚度为900-1000μm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述清洁层由以下质量份数的原料制备而成：Co：20-30份；Cr：10-20份；Ti：50-70份；Al：10-20份；所述清洁层厚度为50-200μm。
10.根据权利要求9所述的一种燃气涡轮发动机的叶片的叶尖涂层，其特征在于：所述清洁层按照如下方式制备而成：将200-500目的Co、Cr、Ti、Al在惰性气体的保护下球磨不少于3h，再放入到等离子喷涂装置中对叶尖在惰性气体保护下，在过渡层上进行喷涂，电离气体为氢气；所述过渡层的喷涂在功能层喷涂完毕之后立即进行喷涂。
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