CN111484373A - Preparation method of slow-release fertilizer coating liquid using alkyl ketene dimer - Google Patents
Preparation method of slow-release fertilizer coating liquid using alkyl ketene dimer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111484373A CN111484373A CN202010529384.1A CN202010529384A CN111484373A CN 111484373 A CN111484373 A CN 111484373A CN 202010529384 A CN202010529384 A CN 202010529384A CN 111484373 A CN111484373 A CN 111484373A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a slow-release fertilizer coating liquid using alkyl ketene dimer. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a component A and a component D, fully mixing, adjusting the pH to 6-7 by using ammonia water, and adding a component C and a part of a component B; stirring the mixture for 1 to 2min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing, dispersing and emulsifying machine to prepare a particle suspension; adding the rest component B, and stirring for 5-20 min at the rotating speed of 1000-3000 r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to prepare an alkyl ketene dimer slow-release fertilizer coating liquid; the invention adopts a high-speed phase inversion preparation method of adding the component B for 2 times to form an oil-in-water emulsion and then convert the oil-in-water emulsion into a water-in-oil emulsion, and the prepared slow release fertilizer coating liquid has good toughness and binding property, can be well coated on the fertilizer, is not easy to demould and crack, and can play a role in efficient slow release.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for preparing a slow-release fertilizer coating material by using Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), belonging to the technical field of fertilizers and the material science field.
Background
The coated fertilizer is also called as a physical controlled release fertilizer, generally, a film-forming material is coated on the surface of fertilizer particles in a spraying mode to form a compact film layer, so that the water is inhibited and blocked from passing through, the fertilizer is slowly dissolved, and the release rate of fertilizer nutrients to the outside is delayed, thereby improving the slow release performance of the fertilizer.
Because the slow release period of the coated fertilizer has adjustability, the release rate of the fertilizer nutrients can be synchronous with the requirements of crops, the utilization rate of the nutrients is high, and the harm to the environment is small, the coated fertilizer becomes a main development trend of slow and controlled release fertilizers. The nutrient release performance of the slow release fertilizer (chemical type) mainly depends on the solubility of the fertilizer in soil, the slow release performance mainly depends on the components of coating materials, the thickness of a coating, the uniformity of a film, the mechanical strength of the film and the like, and the slow release fertilizer is less influenced by the external environment than a non-coated fertilizer.
Coated fertilizers are classified into two main categories according to the difference of the coating raw materials: the first type is a coated fertilizer prepared from inorganic materials such as sulfur, inorganic minerals and the like; the second type is a coated fertilizer prepared from organic materials such as thermoplastic materials (paraffin, olefin polymer or copolymer, rubber), resin, natural organic matters (lignin, starch, chitosan, sodium alginate and the like).
Synthesizing an organic polymer coating material: including paraffin, thermoplastic resins, and thermosetting resins. Paraffin as a coating material is widely used for various water-soluble fertilizers. Typically, fertilizer granules are first coated with molten paraffin and the wax is subsequently solidified to produce a coated fertilizer. The paraffin-coated fertilizer has the disadvantage that the slow-release fertilizer is prepared at high cost because the wax is used in a high amount to achieve the ideal slow-release effect.
The invention discloses a chitosan coated controlled-release fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which relates to the field of agriculture and is prepared from chitosan, fly ash, straws, stalks, animal wastes, furfural residues, citric acid residues, vinasse, desulfurized gypsum and the like through the processes of fermentation, material mixing, crushing, granulation, dissolution, spraying, punching, hole punching and the like.
An invention application with publication number CN106007918A discloses a preparation method of a nano slow-release fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: (1) taking chemical fertilizer as an inner core A; (2) mixing starch adhesive, seaweed residues and nano calcium carbonate according to the proportion of 1: 3-5: mixing the materials in a mass ratio of 0.1-1 to obtain a wrapping material B; (3) and (3) fully wrapping the inner core A with the wrapping material B, placing the wrapping material B in a spherical mold, placing the mold on an iron plate of a hydraulic press, and pressurizing, releasing pressure and demolding to obtain spheres with the particle size of 15-30mm, thus obtaining the slow-release fertilizer.
An invention application with publication number CN106866250A discloses a method for preparing a controlled-release urea fertilizer by a water-in-oil microemulsion method, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 8-12 parts of urea; 0.5-2 parts of methacrylic acid; 61.5-61.7 of surfactant; 26.3-26.5 of cosolvent; 10-12 of water phase, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a surfactant and a cosolvent to obtain an oil phase solution; (2) heating the water phase, boiling, deoxidizing for 12-18 minutes, cooling to room temperature, and adding urea according to a ratio to obtain a water phase solution; (3) and adding the aqueous phase solution into the oil phase solution while stirring, adding methacrylic acid according to the proportion, adding an initiator, and carrying out initiation reaction for 3-5 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain the polymethacrylic acid coated urea particles.
The invention application with the publication number of CN106866250A discloses a super-hydrophobic bio-based coated controlled release fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the super-hydrophobic bio-based coated controlled release fertilizer is prepared by spraying a blended aqueous solution of a micron-sized material and a nano-sized material on the surface of the bio-based coated controlled release fertilizer, drying for 0.1-3h at the temperature of 30-150 ℃, then soaking in a solvent containing a low surface energy material for 0.1-3h, and drying for 0.1-3h at the temperature of 30-150 ℃.
The methods generally have the problems of complex production process, high reaction temperature, long coating time, overhigh production cost, low coating speed and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a slow-release fertilizer coating material by using Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), which has high coating speed and can be operated at normal temperature, and is characterized in that
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
1) the components and the contents of reactants are as follows (in parts by weight):
2) the preparation method comprises the following steps:
one or two raw materials in the component A are selected and fully mixed with the component D, ammonia water is used for adjusting the pH value to be 6-7, and then the component C and the component B (20-40% of the total weight of the component B) are added;
stirring for 1-2 min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing dispersion emulsifying machine to prepare a particle suspension;
and adding the component B (the rest of the total weight of the component B), and stirring for 5-20 min at the rotating speed of 1000-3000 r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to prepare the Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) slow-release fertilizer coating liquid.
And (3) putting the granulated fertilizer into a fluidized bed coating machine, spraying a coating agent on the rolling fertilizer granules, and simultaneously carrying out ventilation drying until a layer of uniform separation film is formed outside the granules, thus obtaining the coated fertilizer.
The coating material is characterized in that:
the method has the following advantages:
1. the coating is granular, is solid at normal temperature, has glittering and translucent appearance, can be stored for a long time and has good stability.
2. The invention adopts a high-speed phase inversion preparation method of adding AKD for 2 times, oil-in-water emulsion is formed by adding the AKD for the first time, ADK is added under high-speed stirring to convert the emulsion into water-in-oil emulsion, and the prepared slow release fertilizer coating liquid has good toughness and binding property, can be well coated on the fertilizer, is not easy to demould and crack, and can play a role in high-efficiency slow release.
3. The coating material is in a reticular microporous structure and has excellent slow release performance.
4. In order to ensure that the coated fertilizer is convenient in the transportation process without considering the requirements of extrusion, collision and the like, the coating material has higher strength and the capabilities of compression resistance, falling resistance and the like.
5. The preparation method has good reactivity at low temperature, is easy to prepare and has simple coating process.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to further illustrate, but not limit, the invention:
example 1
Uniformly dispersing 30kg of isocyanate and 15kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 150kg of ethanol, adjusting the pH value to 7 by using ammonia water, adding 1kg of sodium fatty acid, 0.5kg of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10 and 10kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing dispersion emulsifying machine to prepare a particle suspension, adding 20kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), and stirring for 5min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to obtain the Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) slow-release fertilizer coating liquid.
And (3) putting the granulated fertilizer into a fluidized bed coating machine, spraying a coating agent on the rolling fertilizer granules, and simultaneously carrying out ventilation drying until a layer of uniform separation film is formed outside the granules, thus obtaining the coated fertilizer.
Example 2
Uniformly dispersing 25kg of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in 100kg of ethanol, adjusting the pH value to 6 by using ammonia water, adding 1kg of sodium fatty acid, 1.5kg of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-10 and 10kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), stirring for 1min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing dispersion emulsifying machine to prepare a particle suspension, adding 30kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), and stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to obtain the Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) slow-release fertilizer coating liquid.
And (3) putting the granulated fertilizer into a fluidized bed coating machine, spraying a coating agent on the rolling fertilizer granules, and simultaneously carrying out ventilation drying until a layer of uniform separation film is formed outside the granules, thus obtaining the coated fertilizer.
Example 3
Uniformly dispersing 15kg of isocyanate in 130kg of ethanol, adjusting the pH value to 6.5 by using ammonia water, adding 1kg of sodium fatty acid, 0.5kg of polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether-5 and 10kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), stirring for 2min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing dispersion emulsifying machine to prepare a solid particle suspension, adding 40kg of Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD), and stirring for 20min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to obtain the Alkyl Ketene Dimer (AKD) slow-release fertilizer coating liquid.
And (3) putting the granulated fertilizer into a fluidized bed coating machine, spraying a coating agent on the rolling fertilizer granules, and simultaneously carrying out ventilation drying until a layer of uniform separation film is formed outside the granules, thus obtaining the coated fertilizer.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a slow-release fertilizer coating liquid using alkyl ketene dimer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the components and the contents of reactants are as follows (in parts by weight):
2) the self-contained method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a component A and a component D, fully mixing, adjusting the pH to 6-7 by using ammonia water, and adding a component C and a part of a component B;
step two: stirring for 1-2 min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min by using a high-speed shearing dispersion emulsifying machine to prepare a particle suspension;
step three: adding the component B, and stirring for 5-20 min at the rotating speed of 1000-3000 r/min by using a high-speed shearing emulsifying machine at room temperature to prepare an alkyl ketene dimer slow-release fertilizer coating liquid;
step four: and (3) putting the granulated fertilizer into a fluidized bed coating machine, spraying a coating agent on the rolling fertilizer granules, and simultaneously carrying out ventilation drying until a layer of uniform separation film is formed outside the granules, thus obtaining the coated fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing a slow release fertilizer coating solution using alkyl ketene dimer according to claim 1, wherein said component A in step one is isocyanate or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or a mixture of isocyanate and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
3. The method for preparing a slow-release fertilizer coating solution using alkyl ketene dimer according to claim 1, wherein said component B is added in an amount of 20-40% by weight based on the total weight of component B in step two.
4. The method for preparing a slow release fertilizer coating solution using alkyl ketene dimer according to claim 1, wherein component B is further added in step three in an amount corresponding to the remaining amount of the total weight part of component B.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010529384.1A CN111484373A (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2020-06-11 | Preparation method of slow-release fertilizer coating liquid using alkyl ketene dimer |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104725142A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-24 | 合肥工业大学 | Chitosan coating material with adjustable slow release performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN104892224A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 孔虹 | Compound fertilizer |
| CN106116787A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-16 | 国乃胜 | A kind of long-acting coated release and release control fertilizer |
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2020
- 2020-06-11 CN CN202010529384.1A patent/CN111484373A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104725142A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-24 | 合肥工业大学 | Chitosan coating material with adjustable slow release performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN104892224A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 孔虹 | Compound fertilizer |
| CN106116787A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-16 | 国乃胜 | A kind of long-acting coated release and release control fertilizer |
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