CN111484361A - Organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation method - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111484361A CN111484361A CN202010261067.6A CN202010261067A CN111484361A CN 111484361 A CN111484361 A CN 111484361A CN 202010261067 A CN202010261067 A CN 202010261067A CN 111484361 A CN111484361 A CN 111484361A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues and a preparation method thereof, and aims to provide organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem that fermentation effect is influenced by evaporation of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in high-temperature fermentation. An organic fertilizer fermentation device for traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises a fermentation tank and an intermittent air and water exhausting and adding device, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a closed inner cavity, the bottom of the closed inner cavity is provided with a partition board, the partition board divides the closed inner cavity into a heating chamber at the bottom and a fermentation chamber positioned above the heating chamber, and a heater is arranged in the heating chamber. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine residues sequentially comprises the following steps: firstly, drying the traditional Chinese medicine residues to 7-8 days, then adding biological strains into the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and then crushing and stirring the traditional Chinese medicine residues through a crusher; secondly, the crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues are put into a fermentation chamber of a fermentation tank for fermentation for 24-48 hours.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparing organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues, in particular to organic fertilizer fermentation equipment and a preparation method for traditional Chinese medicine residues.
Background
China is a large country in the traditional Chinese medicine industry, a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues are generated in the production process of traditional Chinese medicines, particularly, with the development refinement of the traditional Chinese medicine service industry, the traditional Chinese medicine decocting industry is promoted for patients to conveniently take the traditional Chinese medicines, and the discharge amount of the traditional Chinese medicine residues generated in the traditional Chinese medicine decocting industry every year reaches 1000 million tons. Only part of the wastes are reasonably utilized, and most of the wastes are treated by the traditional method such as incineration and landfill, so that a large amount of funds are consumed, resources are wasted, and the environment is seriously polluted. The medicine residues left after the traditional Chinese medicine is decocted are good in safety because the raw materials are all derived from the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces for human use, and contain a certain amount of active ingredients and a large amount of crude fibers, crude fat, starch, crude polysaccharide, amino acids and inorganic nutritional ingredients, so that the medicine residues are one of the best raw materials for producing the bio-organic fertilizer.
In order to solve the problems, the preparation of organic fertilizer by using the traditional Chinese medicine residues as raw materials is one of the most effective ways at present. The traditional method for preparing the organic fertilizer by using the traditional Chinese medicine residues as the raw materials generally adopts a high-temperature fermentation method, wherein biological strains are added into the traditional Chinese medicine residues, then the traditional Chinese medicine residues are placed into the high-temperature fermentation for fermentation, the fermentation temperature is generally 60-80 ℃, and as the water in the traditional Chinese medicine residues is easily evaporated to dryness in the high-temperature fermentation, in order to avoid the influence of the evaporation of the traditional Chinese medicine residues on the fermentation effect in the fermentation process, a small amount of water is added regularly; however, in the actual operation process, the problem that the fermentation effect is affected by the evaporation of the residue of the traditional Chinese medicine due to forgetting to add water or not adding water in time is often caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problem that the fermentation effect is influenced by evaporation of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in high-temperature fermentation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an organic fertilizer fermentation device for traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises a fermentation tank and an intermittent air and water exhausting and adding device, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a closed inner cavity, the bottom of the closed inner cavity is provided with a partition board, the partition board divides the closed inner cavity into a heating chamber at the bottom and a fermentation chamber positioned above the heating chamber, and a heater is arranged in the heating chamber. The intermittent air and water exhausting and adding device comprises a water storage tank, a water adding pipe, a vertical driving cylinder body, a driving piston rod, a vertical line cylinder body, an air exhausting piston, a vertical guide sleeve, a vertical guide rod and a guide rod limiting block, wherein the water storage tank is provided with a closed water storage inner cavity, the water adding pipe is positioned at the bottom of a fermentation chamber, the vertical driving cylinder body is arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, the driving piston is arranged in the vertical driving cylinder body in a sliding mode, the driving piston rod is connected with the driving piston, the vertical line cylinder body is arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, the air exhausting piston is arranged in the vertical air exhausting cylinder body in a sliding mode, the vertical guide sleeve is arranged above the vertical line cylinder body in a sliding mode, the vertical guide rod is arranged in the vertical guide sleeve in a sliding mode, the guide rod limiting block is arranged on the vertical guide rod, the, the water feeding port is connected with the water outlet through a water supply pipeline, a water feeding check valve is arranged between the water feeding port and the water supply pipeline, the lower end of the vertical driving cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is closed, an exhaust port and an air supplementing port are arranged at the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body, an air supplementing check valve is arranged on the air supplementing port, the exhaust port is connected with an air inlet port through an air guide pipeline, the upper end of the driving piston rod is positioned above the vertical driving cylinder body, the lower end of the vertical cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, the upper end of the vertical cylinder body is opened, the lower end of the vertical guide rod is connected with an exhaust piston, the upper end of the vertical guide rod is connected with the driving piston rod positioned above the vertical driving cylinder body through a connecting rod, the guide rod limiting block is, the exhaust piston is located within the vertical exhaust cylinder body and is located above the vertical exhaust cylinder body when the drive piston is abutted against the top surface of the vertical drive cylinder body.
Heating the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber by a heater in the heating chamber during the fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber, and controlling the temperature of the heating chamber to be 60-80 ℃; in the process, as the water in the Chinese medicine residues is evaporated, the pressure in the fermentation chamber is gradually increased, so that the driving piston and the exhaust piston move upwards, in the process of moving the driving piston upwards, the driving piston presses the gas in the vertical driving cylinder body above the driving piston into the water storage tank through the gas guide pipeline, so that part of the water in the water storage tank is pressed into the water adding pipe through the water supply pipeline, and the water in the water adding pipe enters the bottom of the fermentation chamber through the water adding port, so that the humidity of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured; when the driving piston moves upwards and abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, at the moment, the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset; therefore, intermittent water adding and air exhausting are circularly realized, so that the pressure in the fermentation chamber is ensured to be in a set range, the humidity of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured, and the problem that the fermentation effect is influenced by the evaporation of the Chinese medicine residues in high-temperature fermentation is effectively solved.
Preferably, the intermittent type formula exhaust and water adding device still includes the vertical pressure adjustment cylinder body that sets up at fermentation tank top and slides the adjusting piston who sets up in vertical pressure adjustment cylinder body, straight pressure adjustment cylinder body lower extreme is linked together with the fermentation chamber, and the upper end of vertical drive cylinder body is equipped with the air vent, and the inner wall lower part of vertical drive cylinder body is equipped with the piston stopper, and the piston stopper is located the below of adjusting piston. The exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the adjusting piston moves downwards under the self-weight and abuts against the piston limiting block; therefore, in the process that the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset, the adjusting piston moves upwards along the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body to adjust the pressure in the fermentation chamber, so that the driving piston and the exhaust piston can complete the downward movement to reset, and the guide rod limiting block is abutted to the vertical guide sleeve.
Preferably, an upper magnet is arranged on the inner top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, a lower magnet matched with the upper magnet is arranged at the upper end of the driving piston, when the driving piston abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the upper magnet and the lower magnet are attracted, and after the upper magnet and the lower magnet are attracted, the attraction force between the upper magnet and the lower magnet is smaller than the sum of the gravity of the driving piston and the gravity of the exhaust piston. So, when the drive piston supported on the top surface of vertical drive cylinder body, go up magnet and lower magnet and will the actuation to the gaseous time of discharging through vertical straight cylinder body of pressure in the extension fermentation chamber, in order to guarantee the gaseous back of discharging in the fermentation chamber, drive piston and exhaust piston can accomplish to move down and reset, make the guide arm stopper support on vertical guide sleeve.
Preferably, the air guide pipeline is provided with an air guide one-way valve.
Preferably, the diameter of the water filling hole is less than 0.5 mm.
Preferably, the fermentation tank is provided with a dosing port communicated with the fermentation chamber and a sealing door for sealing the dosing port.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer containing the Chinese medicine residues is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:
firstly, drying the traditional Chinese medicine residues to 7-8 days, then adding biological strains into the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and then crushing and stirring the traditional Chinese medicine residues through a crusher;
secondly, putting the crushed Chinese medicine residues into a fermentation chamber of a fermentation tank for fermentation for 24-48 hours, heating the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber by a heating chamber heater in the process, controlling the temperature of the heating chamber to be 60-80 ℃, and obtaining the organic fertilizer after the fermentation of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber is finished;
during the fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move upwards along with the increase of the pressure in the fermentation chamber, and during the upward movement of the driving piston, the driving piston presses the gas in the vertical driving cylinder body positioned above the driving piston into the water storage tank through the gas guide pipeline, so that part of water in the water storage tank is pressed into the water adding pipe through the water supply pipeline, and the water in the water adding pipe enters the bottom of the fermentation chamber through the water adding port, so that the humidity of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured;
when the driving piston moves upwards and abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, at the moment, the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: can effectively solve the problem that the fermentation effect is influenced by the evaporation of the Chinese medicine residue in the high-temperature fermentation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an organic fertilizer fermentation apparatus for Chinese herb medicine residue according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 1.
In the figure:
1, fermenting and filling;
a separator 2;
a heating chamber 3;
a fermentation chamber 4;
a heater 5;
the intermittent type formula exhaust and water filling device 6, storage water tank 6.1, filler pipe 6.2, water filling check valve 6.3, vertical drive cylinder 6.4, vertical exhaust cylinder 6.5, vertical pressure adjustment cylinder 6.6, water supply pipe 6.7, drive piston 6.8, drive piston rod 6.9, gas vent 6.10, tonifying qi mouth 6.11, tonifying qi check valve 6.12, exhaust piston 6.13, vertical guide arm 6.14, vertical guide pin bushing 6.15, guide arm stopper 6.16, adjusting piston 6.17, air vent 6.18, piston stopper 6.19, air guide pipeline 6.20, air guide check valve 6.21.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly explained and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present scheme, and are not construed as limiting the scheme of the present invention.
These and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be apparent with reference to the following description and attached drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the ways in which the principles of the embodiments of the invention may be practiced, but it is understood that the scope of the embodiments of the invention is not limited thereby. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., and "several" means one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in figure 1, a device for fermenting organic fertilizer by traditional Chinese medicine residue comprises a fermenting tank 1 and an intermittent air exhausting and water adding device 6. The fermentation tank is provided with a closed inner cavity, the bottom of the closed inner cavity is provided with a partition plate 2, and the partition plate divides the closed inner cavity into a heating chamber 3 at the bottom and a fermentation chamber 4 positioned above the heating chamber. A heater 5 is disposed in the heating chamber, and in this embodiment, the heater is an electric heater, such as an electric heating rod or an electric heating wire.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the intermittent air and water discharging device 6 comprises a water storage tank 6.1 with a sealed water storage cavity, a water feeding pipe 6.2 at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, a vertical driving cylinder 6.4 arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, a driving piston 6.8 arranged in the vertical driving cylinder in a sliding manner, a driving piston rod 6.9 connected with the driving piston, a vertical air discharging cylinder 6.5 arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, an air discharging piston 6.13 arranged in the vertical air discharging cylinder in a sliding manner, a vertical guide sleeve 6.15 arranged above the vertical air discharging cylinder, a vertical guide rod 6.14 arranged in the vertical guide sleeve in a sliding manner, and a guide rod limiting block 6.16 arranged on the vertical guide rod. The vertical guide sleeve is connected with the fermentation tank through a connecting piece.
The top of the water storage tank is provided with an air inlet, and the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a water outlet. The water feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of water feeding holes. One end of the water feeding pipe penetrates through the side wall of the fermentation tank and is positioned outside the fermentation tank, and a water feeding port is arranged on the water feeding pipe positioned outside the fermentation tank. The water filling port is connected with the water outlet through a water supply pipeline 6.7, a water filling one-way valve 6.3 is arranged between the water filling port and the water supply pipeline, and the water filling one-way valve allows water to flow into the water filling pipe from the water supply pipeline.
The lower end of the vertical driving cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, and the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is closed. The upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with an exhaust port 6.10 and an air supplementing port 6.11. The air supplementing opening is provided with an air supplementing one-way valve 6.12 which allows outside air to enter the vertical driving cylinder body. The air outlet is connected with the air inlet interface of the water storage tank through an air guide pipeline 6.20. The upper end of the driving piston rod is positioned above the vertical driving cylinder body, and the driving piston rod is connected with the vertical driving cylinder body in a sliding and sealing mode.
The lower end of the vertical cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, and the upper end of the vertical cylinder body is provided with an opening. The lower extreme of vertical guide arm is connected with exhaust piston, and the upper end of vertical guide arm is connected with the drive piston rod that is located the top of vertical drive cylinder body through the connecting rod. The guide rod limiting block is positioned above the vertical guide sleeve. When the guide rod limiting block is abutted to the vertical guide sleeve, the exhaust piston is positioned in the vertical exhaust cylinder body. When the driving piston abuts on the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder, the exhaust piston is located above the vertical cylinder block.
Heating the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber by a heater in the heating chamber during the fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber, and controlling the temperature of the heating chamber to be 60-80 ℃; in the process, as the water in the Chinese medicine residues is evaporated, the pressure in the fermentation chamber is gradually increased, so that the driving piston and the exhaust piston move upwards, in the process of moving the driving piston upwards, the driving piston presses the gas in the vertical driving cylinder body above the driving piston into the water storage tank through the gas guide pipeline, so that part of the water in the water storage tank is pressed into the water adding pipe through the water supply pipeline, and the water in the water adding pipe enters the bottom of the fermentation chamber through the water adding port, so that the humidity of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured; when the driving piston moves upwards and abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, at the moment, the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset; therefore, intermittent water adding and air exhausting are circularly realized, so that the pressure in the fermentation chamber is ensured to be in a set range, the humidity of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured, and the problem that the fermentation effect is influenced by the evaporation of the Chinese medicine residues in high-temperature fermentation is effectively solved.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the intermittent air and water discharging device further comprises a vertical pressure adjusting cylinder 6.6 arranged at the top of the fermentation tank and an adjusting piston 6.17 slidably arranged in the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder. The lower end of the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, and the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with a vent hole 6.18. The lower part of the inner wall of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with a piston limiting block 6.19 which is positioned below the adjusting piston. In this embodiment, the weight of the regulating piston is less than the weight of the exhaust piston. The exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the adjusting piston moves downwards under the self-weight and abuts against the piston limiting block; therefore, in the process that the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset, the adjusting piston moves upwards along the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body to adjust the pressure in the fermentation chamber, so that the driving piston and the exhaust piston can complete the downward movement to reset, and the guide rod limiting block is abutted to the vertical guide sleeve.
Furthermore, an upper magnet is arranged on the inner top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, and a lower magnet matched with the upper magnet is arranged at the upper end of the driving piston. When the driving piston is abutted against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the upper magnet is attracted with the lower magnet, and after the upper magnet is attracted with the lower magnet, the attraction force between the upper magnet and the lower magnet is smaller than the sum of the gravity of the driving piston and the gravity of the exhaust piston. So, when the drive piston supported on the top surface of vertical drive cylinder body, go up magnet and lower magnet and will the actuation to the gaseous time of discharging through vertical straight cylinder body of pressure in the extension fermentation chamber, in order to guarantee the gaseous back of discharging in the fermentation chamber, drive piston and exhaust piston can accomplish to move down and reset, make the guide arm stopper support on vertical guide sleeve.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, an air guide check valve 6.21 is arranged on the air guide pipeline. The gas-guiding one-way valve allows gas to flow from the vertical driving cylinder body to the water storage tank. Therefore, gas in the water storage tank can be prevented from flowing back into the vertical driving cylinder body.
Further, the aperture of the water filling hole is smaller than 0.5 mm, and in this embodiment, the aperture of the water filling hole is 0.2 mm.
Furthermore, a medicine feeding port communicated with the fermentation chamber and a sealing door used for sealing and covering the medicine feeding port are arranged on the fermentation tank. Therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine residues can be added into the fermentation chamber through the medicine adding opening, and the medicine adding opening is sealed through the sealing door.
In the second concrete embodiment, a preparation method of the organic fertilizer of the traditional Chinese medicine residues adopts organic fertilizer fermentation equipment of the traditional Chinese medicine residues for fermentation. The specific structure of the organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for the Chinese medicine residues refers to the specific embodiment I.
A preparation method of an organic fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine residues sequentially comprises the following steps:
firstly, airing the traditional Chinese medicine residues to 7-8 percent till the traditional Chinese medicine residues become dry, wherein the weight of the water in the traditional Chinese medicine residues accounts for 20-30 percent of the total weight when the traditional Chinese medicine residues are aired to 7-8 percent till the traditional Chinese medicine residues become dry. Then, adding biological strains, such as EM strains, into the Chinese medicine residues; then, crushing and stirring the Chinese medicine dregs by a crusher;
secondly, putting the crushed traditional Chinese medicine residues into a fermentation chamber of a fermentation tank for fermentation for 24-48 hours, heating the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber by a heating chamber heater in the process, controlling the temperature of the heating chamber to be 60-80 ℃, and obtaining the organic fertilizer after the traditional Chinese medicine residues are fermented in the fermentation chamber.
During the fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move upwards along with the increase of the pressure in the fermentation chamber, and during the upward movement of the driving piston, the driving piston presses the gas in the vertical driving cylinder body positioned above the driving piston into the water storage tank through the gas guide pipeline, so that part of water in the water storage tank is pressed into the water adding pipe through the water supply pipeline, and the water in the water adding pipe enters the bottom of the fermentation chamber through the water adding port, so that the humidity of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured; when the driving piston moves upwards and abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, at the moment, the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The fermentation equipment for the organic fertilizer of the traditional Chinese medicine residues is characterized by comprising a fermentation tank and an intermittent air exhausting and water adding device, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a closed inner cavity, the bottom of the closed inner cavity is provided with a partition board, the partition board divides the closed inner cavity into a heating chamber at the bottom and a fermentation chamber positioned above the heating chamber, and a heater is arranged in the heating chamber.
2. The organic fertilizer fermentation equipment of traditional Chinese medicine dregs according to claim 1, wherein the intermittent air and water exhausting device comprises a water storage tank with a sealed water storage cavity, a water adding pipe at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, a vertical driving cylinder arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, a driving piston arranged in the vertical driving cylinder in a sliding way, a driving piston rod connected with the driving piston, a vertical row cylinder arranged at the top of the fermentation tank, an air exhausting piston arranged in the vertical row cylinder in a sliding way, a vertical guide sleeve arranged above the vertical row cylinder, a vertical guide rod arranged in the vertical guide sleeve in a sliding way and a guide rod limiting block arranged on the vertical guide rod, the vertical guide sleeve is connected with the fermentation tank through a connecting piece,
the top of the water storage tank is provided with an air inlet, the bottom of the water storage tank is provided with a water outlet, the water feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of water feeding holes, one end of the water feeding pipe penetrates through the side wall of the fermentation tank and is positioned outside the fermentation tank, the water feeding pipe positioned outside the fermentation tank is provided with a water feeding port, the water feeding port is connected with the water outlet through a water supply pipeline, and a water feeding check valve is arranged between the water feeding port and the water supply pipeline,
the lower end of the vertical driving cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is closed, the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with an exhaust port and an air supplementing port, the air supplementing port is provided with an air supplementing one-way valve, the exhaust port is connected with the air inlet port through an air guide pipeline, the upper end of the driving piston rod is positioned above the vertical driving cylinder body,
the lower end of the vertical exhaust cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, the upper end of the vertical exhaust cylinder body is provided with an opening, the lower end of the vertical guide rod is connected with the exhaust piston, the upper end of the vertical guide rod is connected with the driving piston rod positioned above the vertical driving cylinder body through a connecting rod,
the guide rod limiting block is located above the vertical guide sleeve, when the guide rod limiting block abuts against the vertical guide sleeve, the exhaust piston is located in the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and when the driving piston abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is located above the vertical exhaust cylinder body.
3. The organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 2, wherein the intermittent air and water exhausting and adding device further comprises a vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body arranged at the top of the fermentation tank and an adjusting piston slidably arranged in the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body, the lower end of the vertical pressure adjusting cylinder body is communicated with the fermentation chamber, the upper end of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with an air vent, the lower part of the inner wall of the vertical driving cylinder body is provided with a piston limiting block, and the piston limiting block is positioned below the adjusting piston.
4. The organic fertilizer fermentation equipment of traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that an upper magnet is arranged on the inner top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, a lower magnet matched with the upper magnet is arranged at the upper end of the driving piston, when the driving piston is abutted against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the upper magnet and the lower magnet are attracted, and after the upper magnet and the lower magnet are attracted, the attraction force between the upper magnet and the lower magnet is smaller than the sum of the gravity of the driving piston and the exhaust piston.
5. The apparatus for fermenting organic fertilizer containing traditional Chinese medicine residue as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the air guide duct is provided with an air guide check valve.
6. The organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the aperture of the water filling holes is less than 0.5 mm.
7. The organic fertilizer fermentation equipment for the traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a medicine adding port communicated with the fermentation chamber and a sealing door for sealing the medicine adding port.
8. A method for preparing organic fertilizer from traditional Chinese medicine residues by using the traditional Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer fermentation equipment of claim 1 is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:
firstly, drying the traditional Chinese medicine residues to 7-8 days, then adding biological strains into the traditional Chinese medicine residues, and then crushing and stirring the traditional Chinese medicine residues through a crusher;
secondly, putting the crushed Chinese medicine residues into a fermentation chamber of a fermentation tank for fermentation for 24-48 hours, heating the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber by a heating chamber heater in the process, controlling the temperature of the heating chamber to be 60-80 ℃, and obtaining the organic fertilizer after the fermentation of the Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber is finished;
during the fermentation process of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation chamber, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move upwards along with the increase of the pressure in the fermentation chamber, and during the upward movement of the driving piston, the driving piston presses the gas in the vertical driving cylinder body positioned above the driving piston into the water storage tank through the gas guide pipeline, so that part of water in the water storage tank is pressed into the water adding pipe through the water supply pipeline, and the water in the water adding pipe enters the bottom of the fermentation chamber through the water adding port, so that the humidity of the traditional Chinese medicine residues in the fermentation process in the fermentation chamber is ensured;
when the driving piston moves upwards and abuts against the top surface of the vertical driving cylinder body, the exhaust piston is positioned above the vertical exhaust cylinder body, at the moment, the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, and after the pressure gas in the fermentation chamber is exhausted through the vertical exhaust cylinder body, the driving piston and the exhaust piston move downwards to reset.
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20200804 |