CN111484150A

CN111484150A - Spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device

Info

Publication number: CN111484150A
Application number: CN202010321119.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 燕文明; 李思龙; 崔洵; 陈渝青
Original assignee: Hohai University HHU
Current assignee: Hohai University HHU
Priority date: 2020-04-22
Filing date: 2020-04-22
Publication date: 2020-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-22
Also published as: CN111484150B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of river water pollution prevention and treatment, and discloses a spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device, which comprises a water guide purification unit, a spiral drainage unit and a dovetail aerator unit; the water guide purification unit comprises a water guide groove and a diatomite zeolite purification layer; the spiral water drainage unit comprises a spiral water channel; the dovetail bucket aeration unit comprises an aeration groove which is arranged in a downward inclined mode; the middle part of the aeration tank is provided with a dovetail ridge along the cross section direction of water flow, and aeration holes are arranged at the two sides of the aeration tank close to the dovetail ridge; the water quality is purified by removing nitrogen and phosphorus through the water guide purification unit, the high-speed vortex is formed by utilizing the spiral water channel, water particle turbulence is enabled to mix gas and water in the process to enable the water to be rich in oxygen, water flow in the dovetail bucket aeration unit is lifted to form a water tongue to further enrich the oxygen, and finally the aerated water flow is conveyed to each position.

Description

Spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of river water pollution treatment, and relates to a spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device.

Background

Under the influence of human activities, a large amount of nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like enter slow-flow water bodies such as rivers, lakes, gulfs and the like, water eutrophication is aggravated, algae and other plankton are rapidly propagated, and the distribution range of higher aquatic plants and benthos is reduced. Meanwhile, the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is reduced, the water quality is deteriorated, the phenomenon of black and odorous water body is serious, fish, shrimp and the like die in a large amount, the biological diversity is reduced, and the serious threat is generated to the river and lake ecological system. Therefore, the long-term effective increase of the dissolved oxygen content in water is the key for treating the 'black and odorous' water body, and the ecological restoration scheme based on the increase of the dissolved oxygen content in the water body can maintain the ecological function of the water body for a long time and high efficiency.

Chinese patent application CN201911181836.5 proposes a small submersible horizontal aeration plug flow stirring device, which is flexible and stable in arrangement, has a larger height interval for liquid to enter the device, and can pump external gas to a mixing chamber without external auxiliary equipment, but the device is only suitable for small oxidation ditches, and the treated water amount is smaller. The Chinese patent application CN201911156023.0 provides a one-stage EGSB anaerobic ammonia oxidation device adopting jet aeration, the power source of the jet aeration is an internal reflux system, no additional aeration equipment is needed, the equipment investment and energy consumption are saved, but the internal reflux and water inflow enable the device to have certain ascending flow velocity and flow state, the device is limited by water inflow load and removal effect, and the flow state is adjustable and has lower flexibility. In addition, due to insufficient aeration concentration, cavitation caused by high-speed water flow still occurs in most devices under the existing construction conditions. And the water energy generated by the high-speed water flow cannot be better utilized due to the limited conditions of the device.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a spiral and dovetail water discharge coupling type hydraulic aeration device, a spiral water channel is utilized to form a high-speed vortex under the action of gravity, at an interface contacted with air, gas and water are mixed due to the turbulence of water mass points, the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, the water flow continuously passes through a dovetail bucket aeration unit to further enrich oxygen, and finally, the aerated water flow is conveyed to all parts of a river.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device comprises a water guide purification unit, a spiral drainage unit and a dovetail bucket aeration unit;

the water guide purification unit comprises a water guide groove, and a diatomite zeolite purification layer is paved in the water guide groove;

the spiral water drainage unit comprises a spiral water channel, a cylindrical barrel, a rotating shaft and an impeller; the spiral disc cloth of the spiral water channel forms at least one circle and is arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical barrel, the outlet of the spiral water channel is positioned in the cylindrical barrel, the rotating shaft is arranged at the center of the spiral water channel in the vertical direction, and the impeller is fixedly connected and arranged on the rotating shaft;

the dovetail bucket aeration unit comprises an aeration groove which is arranged in a downward inclined mode; the middle part of the aeration tank is provided with a dovetail ridge along the cross section direction of water flow, and aeration holes are formed in the two sides of the aeration tank close to the dovetail ridge;

the water guide purification unit is arranged at the bank of the river channel; the inlet of the water guide groove is communicated with river water flow, the outlet of the water guide groove is communicated with the inlet of the spiral water channel, and the outlet of the bottom of the cylindrical barrel is connected to the inlet of the air doping groove of the dovetail bucket air doping unit; the water flow purified by the water guide purification unit is accelerated through the spiral water channel, impacts the impeller and mixes a certain volume of air, and flows into the dovetail bucket aeration unit to further enrich oxygen.

In some embodiments, the diatomaceous earth zeolite purification layer is prepared from a diatomaceous earth and zeolite in a mass ratio of 6: 4.

Furthermore, the diatomite zeolite purification layer is paved in the water guide groove, and a separation net is arranged on the diatomite zeolite purification layer for fixing.

In some embodiments, the aeration tank includes two side walls and a floor; the bottom surface of the gas mixing groove is formed by connecting a bottom plate, a dovetail ridge, a connecting section and a sticking slope in sequence; the bottom plate is arranged at the upstream; the dovetail ridge is arranged at the tail end of the upstream end and is arranged along the cross section direction of the water flow; the sticking slope is arranged at the downstream end, and the slope of the sticking slope is larger than that of the bottom plate; the dovetail ridge is connected with the sticking slope through the connecting section.

Furthermore, the elevation of the connecting section is lower than the top elevation of the dovetail sill and is a flat slope or a positive slope.

Furthermore, the raising angle of the dovetail sill is 5-10 degrees and is used for raising water flow.

Furthermore, the distances of the water tongues after the ridges generated by the dovetail ridges are the same, and the falling points of the water tongues are arranged in a dovetail shape and are tangent to the joint points of the attaching slopes and the connecting sections.

In some embodiments, the spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device further comprises an aerated water collecting and conveying unit, wherein the aerated water collecting and conveying unit comprises a collector; and the water outlet of the dovetail bucket aeration unit is communicated to the collector.

Furthermore, a porous flow distribution plate is arranged at the outlet of the collector, and each hole of the porous flow distribution plate is connected with a water conveying pipe.

In some embodiments, the spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device further comprises a power generation device, and the rotating shaft is connected with the power generation device and is used for converting the potential energy of water flow into electric energy.

The principle of the invention is that the water in the river enters the spiral water drainage unit from the water guide groove, meanwhile, N, P is purified in the water under the absorption action of the diatomite zeolite purification layer, the water flows through the spiral water channel under the action of gravity to form high-speed vortex, and a certain volume of air is mixed in the water by utilizing the principle that the interface of the high-speed water flow and the air is mixed due to the turbulent motion of water mass points, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased. The water flow continues to flow through the dovetail bucket aeration unit and is lifted by the dovetail bucket, the lifting angle is about 7 degrees, and the central water body is lifted out in advance than the water bodies on the two sides due to the dovetail shape of the water flow, so that the jet flow impact angles of the water tongues and the clings to the slopes are projected uniformly. The space below the water tongue is continuously supplied with air by the aerated water collecting and conveying unit to further enrich oxygen. The downstream slope ensures that the impact jet angle is smaller than the critical value of the backtracking water flow, thereby avoiding the backtracking water flow. The aerated water flows into a collector and is divided by a porous flow dividing plate to be conveyed to all parts of the river.

Has the advantages that: according to the spiral and dovetail sluicing coupling type hydraulic aeration device provided by the invention, nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water can be purified and absorbed by the water guide and purification unit, the dissolved oxygen of a water body is increased by the high-speed vortex generated by the spiral water channel and the action of the dovetail bucket aeration unit, and the problem of water eutrophication is solved. Compared with the prior art, its obvious advantage lies in:

(1) utilizes the clean energy of water energy.

(2) The use of spiral channels for rotational acceleration does not require the river itself to have a large fall.

(3) The principle that the turbulent motion of water particles at the interface of high-speed water flow and air makes the air and water mixed is utilized for aeration, and the efficiency is high.

(4) The diatomite zeolite purification layer is used for absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the water body and purifying the water body.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a spiral drainage unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a dovetail sill aeration unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a water guide purification unit; 2. a spiral drainage unit; 3. a dovetail bucket aeration unit; 4. a gas-doped water collecting and conveying unit; 5. a water chute; 6. a diatomite zeolite purification layer; 7. separating the net; 8. a spiral water channel; 9. a cylindrical barrel; 10. a rotating shaft; 11. an impeller; 12. air mixing holes; 13. a side wall; 14. a base plate; 15. a dovetail ridge; 16. a connecting section; 17. sticking a slope; 18. a collector; 19. a porous manifold; 20. a water delivery pipe.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may also include different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus includes a water guide purification unit 1, a spiral drainage unit 2, a dovetail bucket aeration unit 3, and an aeration water collecting and conveying unit 4.

The water guide purification unit 1 comprises a water guide groove 5, a diatomite zeolite purification layer 6 and a separation net 7;

the spiral water drainage unit 2 comprises a spiral water channel 8, a cylindrical barrel 9, a rotating shaft 10 and an impeller 11;

the dovetail sill aeration unit 3 comprises an aeration hole 12, a side wall 13, a bottom plate 14, a dovetail sill 15, a connecting section 16 and a sticking slope 17;

the aerated water collecting and conveying unit 4 comprises a collector 18, a porous flow distribution plate 19 and a water conveying pipe 20.

The water guide purification unit 1 comprises a water guide groove 5, and a diatomite zeolite purification layer 6 is paved in the water guide groove 5;

in the spiral water drainage unit 2, the spiral water channel 8 is spirally coiled into at least one circle and is arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical barrel 9, the outlet of the spiral water channel 8 is positioned in the cylindrical barrel 9, the rotating shaft 10 is vertically arranged at the center of the spiral water channel 8, and the impeller 11 is fixedly connected and arranged on the rotating shaft 10;

the dovetail bucket aeration unit 3 comprises an aeration groove which is arranged downwards; the middle part of the aeration tank is provided with a dovetail sill 15 along the cross section direction of water flow, and aeration holes 12 are arranged at the two sides of the aeration tank close to the dovetail sill 15;

the water guide purification unit 1 is arranged at the bank of the river channel; the inlet of the water chute 5 is communicated with the river water flow, the outlet of the water chute is communicated with the inlet of the spiral water channel 8, and the outlet at the bottom of the cylindrical barrel 9 is connected to the inlet of the aeration tank of the dovetail bucket aeration unit 3; the water flow purified by the water guide purification unit 1 is accelerated through the spiral water channel 8, impacts the impeller 11 to mix a certain volume of air, and flows into the dovetail bucket aeration unit 3 to further enrich oxygen.

The diatomite zeolite purification layer 6 is paved in the water guide groove 5 in a groove in a parallel mode, and the mass ratio of diatomite to zeolite in the diatomite zeolite purification layer is 6: 4. furthermore, the upper part of the diatomite zeolite purification layer 6 is fixed by a separation net 7, so that the diatomite and the zeolite are prevented from being washed away by water flow.

In the spiral water drainage unit 2, a spiral water channel 8 is wrapped in a cylindrical barrel 9, a rotating shaft 10 is arranged in the center of the water channel, an impeller 11 is arranged at the lower part of the water channel, and an external power generation device is connected above the rotating shaft 10; water flows through the spiral water channel under the action of gravity to form high-speed vortex, and a certain volume of air is mixed by utilizing the principle that the gas phase and the water phase are mixed due to the turbulent motion of water mass points at the contact interface of high-speed water flow and air, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased; meanwhile, under the action of the gravity of high-speed fall water flow, the impeller 11 and the rotating shaft 10 are driven to rotate, and the rotating shaft 10 is connected with a power generation device to convert kinetic energy into electric energy.

In the dovetail bucket aeration unit 3, the aeration tank comprises two side walls 13 and a bottom surface; the bottom surface of the gas mixing groove is formed by sequentially connecting a bottom plate 14, a dovetail ridge 15, a connecting section 16 and a sticking slope 17; the soleplate 14 is arranged upstream; the dovetail ridge 15 is arranged at the tail end of the upstream end and is arranged along the cross section direction of the water flow; the sticking slope 17 is arranged at the downstream end, and the gradient of the sticking slope 17 is greater than that of the bottom plate 14; the dovetail ridge 15 is connected with the attaching slope 17 through a connecting section 16.

The dovetail ridge 15 is positioned in the middle section of the aeration tank, the raising angle is about 7 degrees, and the high-speed water flow is raised; the aeration holes 12 are positioned on the inner side of the side wall 13, and the air outlets are flush with the lower end of the dovetail ridge 15, so that continuous air supply is ensured in the space below the water tongue. The downstream of the swallow-tailed ridge 15 is provided with the attaching slope 17, the attaching slope 17 is arranged at the drop point of the water tongue, the jet impact angle can be changed, and the jet impact angle is smaller than the critical value of the backtracking water flow to eliminate the backlog water flow generated at the drop point of the water tongue of the bottom plate. The distances of the water tongues after the dovetail ridge 15 generates ridge are the same, and the falling points of the water tongues are arranged in a dovetail shape and are tangent to the joint points of the attaching slope 17 and the connecting section 16. The height of the connecting section 16 is lower than the top height of the dovetail ridge 15 and is a flat slope or a positive slope.

In the aerated water collecting and conveying unit 4, the collector 18 collects water flow after aeration by the dovetail bucket aeration unit 3, the outlet of the collector 18 is provided with a porous flow distribution plate 19, and each hole of the porous flow distribution plate 19 is connected with a water conveying pipe 20.

The water in the river enters the spiral water drainage unit from the water guide groove 5, meanwhile, under the absorption action of the diatomite zeolite purification layer 6, N, P in the purified water flows through the spiral water channel under the action of gravity to form high-speed vortex, and by utilizing the principle that the interface of high-speed water flow and air is contacted, air with a certain volume is mixed into the water due to the turbulent motion of water particles, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased. The high-speed water flow falls into the cylindrical barrel 9 and flows through the dovetail bucket aeration unit, the high-speed water flow is lifted by the dovetail bucket 15, the lifting angle is about 7 degrees, the central water body is lifted out in advance compared with the water bodies on the two sides due to the dovetail shape of the high-speed water flow, and the jet flow impact angles of the water tongues and the clings to the slopes are uniformly thrown. The space below the water tongue is continuously supplied with air through the air mixing holes 12 by an air conveying pipeline, so that oxygen is further enriched. The downstream slope 17 ensures that the impact jet angle is smaller than the critical value of the backtracking water flow, thereby avoiding the backtracking water flow. The aerated water flows into a collector 18 and is shunted and connected with each water pipe 20 through a porous shunting plate 19 so as to be delivered to all parts of the river.

The specific operation steps of the present invention are further described below with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2, and fig. 3:

the invention provides a spiral and dovetail water drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration device which mainly comprises a water guide purification unit, a spiral water drainage unit, a dovetail bucket aeration unit and an aeration water collecting and conveying unit.

The method comprises the following steps: and constructing a water guiding groove at the riparian side, paving diatomite zeolite at the bottom to form a diatomite zeolite purification layer, and covering and fixing the diatomite zeolite purification layer by using a separation net. The outlet of the water chute is connected with the inlet of the spiral water channel.

Step two: the center of the spiral water channel is provided with a rotating shaft and is connected with an impeller.

Step three: the spiral water channel is arranged on the cylindrical barrel, and an outlet at the bottom of the cylindrical barrel 9 is connected with a water inlet of the gas mixing tank.

Step four: dovetail ridges and attaching slopes are arranged on the bottom surfaces of the aeration grooves, and aeration holes are arranged on the side walls.

Step five: a collector is arranged below the water outlet of the dovetail bucket aeration unit.

Step six: the water outlet of the collector is provided with a porous flow distribution plate, and each hole is connected with a water delivery pipe.

The water guide purification unit is used for purifying and absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus elements in water, the spiral water channel is used for generating high-speed vortex, gas and water are mixed at an interface contacted with air due to the turbulence of water particles, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, the water flow continuously passes through the dovetail bucket aeration unit to further enrich oxygen, and finally the aerated water flow is conveyed to all parts of a river to relieve the eutrophication problem of the water body.

The invention is realized by the following principle: the water in the river enters the spiral water drainage unit from the water guide groove, meanwhile, N, P in the purified water is obtained under the absorption action of the diatomite zeolite purification layer, the water flows through the spiral water channel under the action of gravity to form high-speed vortex, and a certain volume of air is mixed by utilizing the principle that the interface of high-speed water flow and air is contacted and the gas and water are mixed due to the turbulent motion of water particles, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased. The water flow continues to flow through the dovetail bucket aeration unit and is lifted by the dovetail bucket, the lifting angle is about 7 degrees, and the central water body is lifted out in advance than the water bodies on the two sides due to the dovetail shape of the water flow, so that the jet flow impact angles of the water tongues and the clings to the slopes are projected uniformly. The space below the water tongue is continuously supplied with air by the aerated water collecting and conveying unit to further enrich oxygen. The downstream slope ensures that the impact jet angle is smaller than the critical value of the backtracking water flow, thereby avoiding the backtracking water flow. The aerated water flows into a collector and is divided by a porous flow dividing plate to be conveyed to all parts of the river.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for the convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be considered limiting of the claimed invention.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a spiral and forked tail sluicing coupling type water conservancy aeration equipment which characterized in that: comprises a water guide purification unit (1), a spiral water drainage unit (2) and a dovetail bucket aeration unit (3);

the water guide purification unit (1) comprises a water guide groove (5), and a diatomite zeolite purification layer (6) is paved in the water guide groove (5);

the spiral water draining unit (2) comprises a spiral water channel (8), a cylindrical barrel (9), a rotating shaft (10) and an impeller (11); the spiral water channel (8) is spirally coiled into at least one circle and is arranged at the upper part of the cylindrical barrel (9), the outlet of the spiral water channel (8) is positioned in the cylindrical barrel (9), the rotating shaft (10) is arranged at the center of the spiral water channel (8) in the vertical direction, and the impeller (11) is fixedly connected and arranged on the rotating shaft (10);

the dovetail bucket aeration unit (3) comprises an aeration groove which is arranged downwards; a dovetail sill (15) is arranged in the middle of the aeration tank along the cross section direction of water flow, and aeration holes (12) are formed in the two sides of the aeration tank close to the dovetail sill (15);

the water guide purification unit (1) is arranged at the bank of the river channel; the inlet of the water guide groove (5) is communicated with river water flow, the outlet of the water guide groove is communicated with the inlet of the spiral water channel (8), and the outlet at the bottom of the cylindrical barrel (9) is connected to the inlet of the gas mixing groove of the dovetail bucket gas mixing unit (3); the water flow purified by the water guide purification unit (1) is accelerated through the spiral water channel (8), impacts the impeller (11) to mix in a certain volume of air, and flows into the dovetail bucket aeration unit (3) to further enrich oxygen.

2. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the diatomite zeolite purification layer (6) is prepared from diatomite and zeolite in a mass ratio of 6: 4.

3. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the diatomite zeolite purification layer (6) is paved in the water chute (5), and the diatomite zeolite purification layer (6) is provided with a separation net (7) for fixing.

4. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the gas mixing tank comprises two side walls (13) and a bottom surface; the bottom surface of the gas mixing groove is formed by connecting a bottom plate (14), a dovetail sill (15), a connecting section (16) and a sticking slope (17) in sequence; a bottom plate (14) is arranged upstream; the dovetail ridge (15) is arranged at the tail end of the upstream end and is arranged along the cross section direction of water flow; the sticking slope (17) is arranged at the downstream end, and the gradient of the sticking slope (17) is greater than that of the bottom plate (14); the swallow-tail sill (15) is connected with the sticking slope (17) through a connecting section (16).

5. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the elevation of the connecting section (16) is lower than the sill top elevation of the dovetail sill (15) and is a flat slope or a positive slope.

6. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the cantilever angle of the dovetail sill (15) is 5-10 degrees and is used for lifting water flow.

7. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the distances of the water tongues after the dovetail sill (15) is generated are the same, the falling points of the water tongues are arranged in a dovetail shape and are tangent to the joint points of the attaching slope (17) and the connecting section (16).

8. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an aerated water collecting and conveying unit (4), wherein the aerated water collecting and conveying unit (4) comprises a collector (18); the water outlet of the dovetail bucket aeration unit (3) is communicated to the collector (18).

9. The spiral and dovetail sluicing coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the outlet of the collector (18) is provided with a porous flow distribution plate (19), and each hole of the porous flow distribution plate (19) is connected with a water conveying pipe (20).

10. The spiral and dovetail drainage coupling type hydraulic aeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the water flow power generation device is characterized by further comprising a power generation device, wherein the rotating shaft (10) is connected with the power generation device and used for converting potential energy of water flow into electric energy.