CN111484045B - Multistage remelting purification method for fused magnesia - Google Patents
Multistage remelting purification method for fused magnesia Download PDFInfo
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- CN111484045B CN111484045B CN202010325929.7A CN202010325929A CN111484045B CN 111484045 B CN111484045 B CN 111484045B CN 202010325929 A CN202010325929 A CN 202010325929A CN 111484045 B CN111484045 B CN 111484045B
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- electrode
- magnesite
- smelting
- electric arc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
- C01F5/02—Magnesia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/102—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling of magnesia, e.g. dead burning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/104—Ingredients added before or during the burning process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fused magnesia smelting, in particular to a multistage remelting and purifying method for fused magnesia, which is characterized in that three materials, namely magnesite, light-burned magnesia and heavy-burned magnesia, are laid in an electric arc furnace from bottom to top according to the content of MgO, an electrode is positioned at the bottom of the electric arc furnace, a total material layer is divided into 3-6 smelting layers, and the smelting period of one smelting layer is set to be 3-10 minutes. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) the electrode is fed from the bottom of the electric arc furnace, the electrode continuously extends upwards along with the smelting, the energy consumption is reduced by 22 percent by virtue of the trend of upward diffusion of heat, and high-purity fused magnesia with the purity of more than 99.90 percent can be obtained after smelting. 2) Besides preparing the fused magnesia, the electric arc furnace structure and the preparation method are also suitable for other ore materials with high resistivity, and have wide applicability and popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fused magnesia smelting, in particular to a multistage remelting purification method for fused magnesia.
Background
An electric arc furnace is an electric furnace for smelting metal by utilizing electric arc energy, and the electric arc furnace in industry is divided into three types: the first type is direct heating type, the electric arc is generated between a special electrode bar and a smelted furnace charge, and the direct heating type electric arc furnace is mainly used for steel making, iron, copper, refractory materials, refined molten steel and the like. The second type is an indirect heating type, in which an electric arc is generated between two special electrode rods, and a charging material is subjected to radiant heat of the electric arc and used for melting copper or copper alloy. The third kind is also called ore furnace, which uses high resistivity ore as raw material, and the electrode is buried in the furnace charge from top to bottom in the working process, and the ore furnace charge can be heated by electric arc.
The Chinese patent with the patent application number of 201910286077.2 discloses a preparation method of low-silicon high-calcium macrocrystalline fused magnesia, which comprises two steps of preparation of high-activity MgO and smelting in an electric arc furnace, namely, in the process of preparing high-activity magnesia powder, 3-8% of sodium carbonate solution is added, then high-purity graphite powder is added into the prepared high-activity magnesia powder as a reducing agent, the high-purity graphite powder is pelletized through equipment, the pelletized product is smelted in a full-automatic electric arc furnace, and the product is finally crushed and selected through cooling crystallization. Sodium carbonate reacts with impurity silicon dioxide to generate sodium silicate and carbon dioxide, so that silicon dioxide impurities in magnesite can be effectively removed, and the content of magnesium oxide is improved.
Chinese patent application No. 201910233241.3 discloses a process for preparing high-purity transparent crystal fused magnesia, which comprises using bischofite in salt lake as raw material, producing magnesium hydroxide precipitate from magnesium chloride by ammonia-lime method, separating magnesium hydroxide from the solution, and lightly burning with high-purity magnesium hydroxide to obtain lightly-burned magnesium oxide. And then smelting the light-burned magnesium oxide pressed balls serving as a raw material in a 5000KVA electric arc furnace by adopting a high-voltage and high-current operation method. Refining operation is carried out in the later stage of smelting, the temperature of the molten liquid is increased, and after the smelting is finished, the molten lump is slowly cooled to obtain the transparent crystal electric fused magnesium melting block.
The smelting process of the electric arc furnace adopts a conventional submerged arc furnace structure, the electrodes enter the electric arc furnace from top to bottom, and a large amount of heat escapes due to the upward running trend of the heat, so that the heat cannot be utilized in time, and the energy consumption in the preparation process is very high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage remelting purification method of fused magnesia, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, an electrode is fed from the bottom of an electric arc furnace, the electrode continuously extends upwards along with the smelting, because the heat has the tendency of upwards diffusion, when the electrode is used for smelting bottom furnace charge, the generated heat participates in the smelting reaction of the bottom furnace charge on one hand, and upwards preheats upper furnace charge and generates partial smelting reaction on the other hand, when the bottom furnace charge finishes smelting, the electrode moves upwards to start the smelting process of the upper layer furnace charge, and due to the preheating function, the efficiency is improved, and the multistage remelting purification effect can be achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a multi-stage remelting purification method of fused magnesite is characterized in that three materials of magnesite, light burned magnesium and heavy burned magnesite are paved in an electric arc furnace from bottom to top according to the content of MgO, the weight ratio of the magnesite to the light burned magnesium to the heavy burned magnesite is 1:1.2:1.5, the thickness of the total material layer is not higher than 3 m, a three-phase electrode is adopted in the electric arc furnace, and the electrode is positioned at the bottom of the electric arc furnace and driven by a hydraulic lifting mechanism; the process parameters of the electric arc furnace are as follows: the secondary working voltage is 50-60V, the secondary working current is 3000-5500 amperes, the electrode is a graphitized electrode with the diameter of 350mm, the center distance of the three-phase electrode is 550mm, the total material layer is divided into 3-6 smelting layers by taking 500-900 mm as one layer, and the smelting period of one smelting layer is set to be 3-10 minutes.
The electrode top is equipped with keeps off the material post, keep off the material post for the carbon element product, its diameter is greater than the electrode diameter, keeps off the distance between material post lower extreme and the electrode upper end and is no less than 300mm, keeps off the upper end of material post and is connected with the piston end of a perpendicular pneumatic cylinder that sets up, keeps off the material post and goes up and down with the same direction of same speed with the electrode.
The MgO content in the magnesite is more than 47 percent.
The content of MgO in the light-burned magnesium is 75-80%.
The content of MgO in the dead burnt magnesia is 90-92%.
The magnesite is mixed with sodium carbonate before entering the furnace, and the adding proportion of the sodium carbonate is 3-8% of the weight of the magnesite.
4-10% of graphite is mixed in the magnesite, the light-burned magnesia and the heavy-burned magnesia.
The electrode can return to the bottom for repeated operation for 2-3 times after the electrode finishes the whole smelting period from bottom to top.
Because the magnesite contains silicon, iron and other impurities, the impurities can be volatilized and transferred in the smelting process, and the purification effect is achieved. The magnesite, the light-burned magnesium and the heavy-burned magnesite are spread and discharged from bottom to top in the electric arc furnace according to the content of MgO, the materials are heated by a bottom electrode, heat and impurity reactants, such as sodium silicate, sodium ferrite and other volatile substances, and carbon dioxide gas move upwards along with the heat, and graphite is favorable for forming a reducing atmosphere in the furnace and improving the reaction efficiency. Compared with the intermittent production magnesite smelting process, the reaction time of materials such as fused magnesite, magnesite and the like, sodium carbonate and graphite is relatively prolonged, so that the reaction is more sufficient, the impurities gradually move upwards more thoroughly, and the purification effect is favorably improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the electrode is fed from the bottom of the electric arc furnace, the electrode continuously extends upwards along with the smelting, and by means of the upward diffusion trend of heat, when the bottom furnace burden is smelted by the electrode, the generated heat participates in the smelting reaction of the bottom furnace burden on one hand, and on the other hand, the upper furnace burden is preheated upwards and partial smelting reaction occurs, when the bottom furnace burden is smelted, the electrode moves upwards, the smelting process of the upper layer of furnace burden is started, due to the preheating effect, the smelting efficiency is improved by 25%, the energy consumption is reduced by 22%, and high-purity fused magnesia with the purity of more than 99.90% and the ratio of magnesium to silicon of more than 23 can be obtained after smelting. 2) Besides preparing the fused magnesia, the electric arc furnace structure and the preparation method are also suitable for other ore materials with high resistivity, and have wide applicability and popularization value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an arc furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-furnace shell, 2-base, 3-upper cover, 4-discharge hole, 5-hydraulic lifting mechanism, 6-hydraulic cylinder, 7-electrode, 8-material blocking column, 9-feed hole and 10-discharge machine.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
See fig. 1, which is a schematic structural view of an electric arc furnace used in an embodiment of the method for purifying fused magnesite by multistage remelting, comprising a furnace shell 1 with heat preservation, a base 2 and an upper cover 3, wherein a discharge hole 4 is arranged at the lower part of the furnace shell 1, a hydraulic lifting mechanism 5 is arranged below the base 2, three electrodes 7 are vertically arranged on the hydraulic lifting mechanism 5, a hydraulic cylinder 6 is arranged in the upper cover 3, the lower end of a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is connected with three carbon material blocking columns 8, the material blocking columns 8 vertically correspond to the electrodes 7, each material blocking column 8 is a carbon product, the diameter of each material blocking column is larger than the diameter of each electrode, the distance between the lower end of each material blocking column 8 and the upper end of each electrode 7 is not less than 300mm, the upper end of each material blocking column 8 is connected with the piston end of one vertically arranged hydraulic cylinder 6, when the material blocking columns 8 and the electrodes 7 move upwards at the same speed in the same direction, the material blocking columns 8 can provide enough lifting space for the electrodes 7 to avoid too large material resistance, the electrode is damaged when moving upwards, a feed port 9 is arranged on the upper cover 3, and materials are added through the feed port 9. 3~4 discharge gates 4 are evenly set up in stove outer covering bottom circumference, are equipped with out the material machine 10 outside discharge gate 4, unload the electric smelting magnesite after purifying from the stove outer covering bottom. The discharging machine 10 is of a specification commonly used by shaft kilns in the refractory industry.
Examples
The three materials of magnesite, light-burned magnesium and heavy-burned magnesia are paved and arranged in an electric arc furnace from bottom to top according to the content of MgO, the weight ratio of the magnesite to the light-burned magnesium to the heavy-burned magnesia is 1:1.2:1.5, and the total material layer is 2.7 m thick. The process parameters of the electric arc furnace are as follows: the secondary working voltage is 50-60V, the secondary working current is 3000-5500 amperes, the electrode is a graphitized electrode with the diameter of 350mm, the center distance of the three-phase electrode is 550mm, the three-phase electrode is adopted in the electric arc furnace and is positioned at the bottom of the furnace shell of the electric arc furnace, the hydraulic lifting mechanism is controlled to divide the total material layer into 3 smelting layers by taking 900mm as one layer, and the smelting period of one smelting layer is set to be 6 minutes. When the electrode finishes the whole smelting period from bottom to top, the operation can be repeated for 2-3 times according to the sampling condition, and the material blocking column 8 does not participate in the repeated operation because the material is soft enough at the moment. When the MgO content in the purified fused magnesia reaches over 99.90 percent, the electrode falls down and the discharging machine discharges the materials.
In the examples, the MgO content in magnesite was more than 47%. The magnesite is mixed with sodium carbonate before entering the furnace, and the adding proportion of the sodium carbonate is 4 percent of the weight of the magnesite. 5% of graphite is mixed in magnesite, light-burned magnesia and heavy-burned magnesia. The content of MgO in the light-burned magnesium is 75-80%. The content of MgO in the dead burnt magnesia is 90-92%.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A multi-stage remelting purification method of fused magnesite is characterized in that three materials of magnesite, light burned magnesium and heavy burned magnesite are paved in an electric arc furnace from bottom to top according to the content of MgO, the weight ratio of the magnesite to the light burned magnesium to the heavy burned magnesite is 1:1.2:1.5, the thickness of the total material layer is not higher than 3 m, a three-phase electrode is adopted in the electric arc furnace, and the electrode is positioned at the bottom of the electric arc furnace and driven by a hydraulic lifting mechanism; the process parameters of the electric arc furnace are as follows: the secondary working voltage is 50-60V, the secondary working current is 3000-5500 amperes, the electrode is a graphitized electrode with the diameter of 350mm, the center distance of the three-phase electrode is 550mm, the total material layer is divided into 3-6 smelting layers by taking 500-900 mm as a layer, and the smelting period of one smelting layer is set to be 3-10 minutes;
a material blocking column is arranged above the electrode, the material blocking column is a carbon product, the diameter of the material blocking column is larger than that of the electrode, the distance between the lower end of the material blocking column and the upper end of the electrode is not less than 300mm, the upper end of the material blocking column is connected with the piston end of a hydraulic cylinder which is vertically arranged, and the material blocking column and the electrode are lifted in the same direction at the same speed;
the content of MgO in the magnesite is more than 47 percent;
the content of MgO in the light-burned magnesium is 75-80%;
the content of MgO in the dead burnt magnesia is 90-92%;
mixing sodium carbonate powder with the magnesite before entering a furnace, wherein the adding proportion of the sodium carbonate is 3-8% of the weight of the magnesite;
4-10% of graphite is mixed in the magnesite, the light-burned magnesia and the heavy-burned magnesia;
and the electrode returns to the bottom to repeat the operation for 2-3 times after the whole smelting period is finished from bottom to top.
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85108710A (en) * | 1985-12-02 | 1986-09-03 | 冶金工业部马鞍山矿山研究院 | The method and apparatus of fluidizing furnace light-calcined magnesite stone |
| CN1033614A (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1989-07-05 | 机械工业部沈阳铸造研究所 | Improve the resmelting reductive technique of purity of magnesite |
| CN1045642A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-26 | 福克斯技术公司 | The smelting apparatus of the reinforced preheating furnace of band cupola-type |
| US5375139A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-12-20 | Bender; Manfred | Electric arc furnace insitu scrap preheating process |
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| CN201241178Y (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-05-20 | 张森林 | Sleeved type double-chamber regenerating aluminum melting furnace |
| CN106946478A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 辽宁科技大学 | It is a kind of that the device and method that mode produces fused magnesite is moved down with body of heater |
| CN109851240A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁新发展耐火材料集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the big crystallization fused magnesite of low silicon high calcium |
-
2020
- 2020-04-23 CN CN202010325929.7A patent/CN111484045B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1045642A (en) * | 1989-03-02 | 1990-09-26 | 福克斯技术公司 | The smelting apparatus of the reinforced preheating furnace of band cupola-type |
| US5375139A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-12-20 | Bender; Manfred | Electric arc furnace insitu scrap preheating process |
| CN1104836A (en) * | 1993-04-15 | 1995-07-05 | 石川岛播磨重工业株式会社 | DC ARC furnace |
| CN1902329A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2007-01-24 | 达涅利机械工业有限公司 | Method for pre-heating, transforming and melting a metal charge and relative plant |
| CN201241178Y (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-05-20 | 张森林 | Sleeved type double-chamber regenerating aluminum melting furnace |
| CN106946478A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-14 | 辽宁科技大学 | It is a kind of that the device and method that mode produces fused magnesite is moved down with body of heater |
| CN109851240A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁新发展耐火材料集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the big crystallization fused magnesite of low silicon high calcium |
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