CN111477706A - Photovoltaic module with reflective film and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module with reflective film and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111477706A CN111477706A CN202010343470.3A CN202010343470A CN111477706A CN 111477706 A CN111477706 A CN 111477706A CN 202010343470 A CN202010343470 A CN 202010343470A CN 111477706 A CN111477706 A CN 111477706A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 173
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QKIUAMUSENSFQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylazanide Chemical compound C[N-]C QKIUAMUSENSFQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
- H01L31/0504—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells specially adapted for series or parallel connection of solar cells in a module
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof, and the photovoltaic module comprises a back plate, a solar cell layer and a coated glass layer, wherein a second packaging adhesive film layer is arranged below the back plate, a small insulating cushion block is arranged below the second packaging adhesive film layer, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block is arranged below the small insulating cushion block, and the solar cell layer is arranged below the small packaging adhesive film cushion block. According to the solar module, the solar cells are mutually connected in series by utilizing the interconnection strips to form a plurality of solar cell strings, the ends of the solar cell strings are connected in series by the bus bars, the reflective film is fixed with the front main grid welding strip, so that the packaging loss of the module is favorably reduced, the output power and the unit area conversion efficiency of the module are increased while the output power of the module is increased by using a simple and low-cost material, meanwhile, the using method of the solar module can be compatible with the existing photovoltaic module process provided with the reflective film, the long-term reliability and the service life of the module cannot be influenced, and the solar module is suitable for wide popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic module preparation, in particular to a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof.
Background
In the photovoltaic industry, while the battery end develops high conversion efficiency of solar cells, various researches are also carried out at the module end, and solar cell manufacturers and material equipment suppliers are still making continuous attempts. According to some existing photovoltaic modules, the reflective film is arranged on the top of the solar cell and is in contact with the two groups of cells, packaging is troublesome, the whole industry still expands rapidly, competition is more and more intense, and the overall power of the modules is improved urgently. Therefore, a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof, and solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a photovoltaic module with reflective membrane, includes backplate, solar cell layer and coated glass layer, the below of backplate is provided with second floor encapsulation glued membrane layer, the below of second floor encapsulation glued membrane layer is provided with insulating little cushion, the below of insulating little cushion is provided with the little cushion of encapsulation glued membrane, the below of the little cushion of encapsulation glued membrane is provided with solar cell layer, the below of solar cell layer is provided with first layer encapsulation glued membrane layer, the below of first layer encapsulation glued membrane layer is provided with coated glass layer.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the back sheet is a TPT solar back sheet, and the second encapsulating adhesive layer and the first encapsulating adhesive layer are both EVA encapsulating adhesive layers.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell layer includes a plurality of solar cell strings and bus bars, the number of the solar cell strings and the number of the bus bars are all multiple, ends of two groups of the solar cell strings are connected by the bus bars, the number of the solar cell strings includes a plurality of solar cells and interconnection bars, the two groups of solar cells are connected by the interconnection bars, the interconnection bars are located on tops of the solar cells, and reflective films are applied on tops of the interconnection bars. The solar cell pieces are connected in series with each other through the interconnection strips to form a plurality of solar cell strings, the ends of the solar cell strings are connected in series through the bus bars, the reflective film is pasted on the surface of the assembly interconnection strips, the reflective film is fixed with the front main grid welding strip, the assembly packaging loss is favorably reduced, the output power and the unit area conversion efficiency of the assembly are increased, meanwhile, the using method of the solar cell module can be compatible with the existing photovoltaic assembly process with the reflective film, and the long-term reliability and the service life of the assembly cannot be influenced.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coated glass layer includes an ultra-white embossed glass substrate, a nano-film layer and a magnesium fluoride film layer, the magnesium fluoride film layer is disposed on the top of the ultra-white embossed glass substrate, the nano-film layer is disposed on the top of the magnesium fluoride film layer, and the nano-film layer is a silica and titanium dioxide composite nano-film layer. The magnesium fluoride film layer enhances the strength of the film layer, the refractive index is small, the light transmission amount of the film layer can be increased, the single-layer nanometer film layer can enhance the heat stability and the pollution resistance of the film layer, the light transmittance is obviously improved, the light attenuation is reduced, the weather resistance of the coated glass layer is improved by combining with the ultra-white embossed glass substrate, and the whole anti-reflection effect of the coated glass layer is enhanced.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflective film includes a substrate layer, an adhesive layer, a microstructure layer, and a reflective layer, the adhesive layer is disposed on the top of the substrate layer, the microstructure layer is disposed on the bottom of the substrate layer, and the reflective layer is disposed on the top of the adhesive layer. When sunlight irradiates the interconnection strips, the reflective film on the surfaces of the interconnection strips is totally reflected, light is reflected to the lower surface of the coated glass and then reflected to the battery piece from the lower surface of the coated glass, so that the loss of the light at the welding strip is reduced, and the utilization rate of the assembly to the sunlight energy is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the substrate layer is a polycarbonate substrate layer, the adhesive layer is a high gas barrier adhesive layer, the microstructure layer is a micro-prism structure layer, and the reflective layer is a fluorescent polypropylene reflective layer. The polycarbonate substrate layer can effectively enhance the compressive strength of glass and protect the photovoltaic module, and the fluorescent polypropylene reflecting layer can release low-energy long-wave light after absorbing high-energy light radiation, so that the energy of invisible light is converted into the energy of visible light, the available spectral range is expanded, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a process for preparing a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film, comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a reflective film;
2) preparing a solar cell layer;
3) preparing coated glass;
4) laminating;
5) framing;
6) packaging;
7) and (4) testing.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a reflective film;
2) preparing a solar cell layer;
a) sorting the battery pieces:
sorting out qualified battery pieces in required quantity, and dividing the battery pieces with consistent colors and same efficiency into the same component;
b) welding:
the battery pieces are mutually welded through the welding strips by using an automatic welding machine, the reflective film is adhered to the surface of the welding strips by using an automatic film sticking machine after welding is finished, and the reflective film is firmly adhered to the welding strips through heating and curing of a welded bottom plate;
3) preparing coated glass;
4) laminating:
sequentially laying coated glass, a first layer of packaging adhesive film, a battery string with a reflective film adhered on an interconnection strip, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block, a small insulating cushion block, a second layer of packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate from bottom to top in sequence, and laminating;
5) framing: assembling the laminated components by using a frame;
6) packaging: fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt;
7) and (3) testing: the tests were performed according to the relevant standards.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2) includes the steps of:
1) preparing a reflective film:
a) preparing a light reflecting layer:
taking 15-25 parts of polypropylene, 1-2 parts of fluorescent powder and 0.3-0.8 part of titanate coupling agent, stirring for 15-25min at 200 ℃ of 165-plus, defoaming for 30-40min in vacuum to obtain glue solution A, coating the glue solution A on a machine to obtain a film layer B, drying the film layer B for 30-40min at 40-60 ℃, drying for 1-1.5h at 90-105 ℃ to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 30-44 mu m, and electroplating an aluminum oxide coating at the bottom of the reflecting layer; the preparation process of the reflecting layer can obtain glue solution with uniform components and no bubbles, and the reflecting layer with higher surface quality is obtained after cooling, grading, drying and curing after coating, has smooth appearance and no cracks and improves the surface hydrophobicity.
b) Preparing a reflective film:
coating an adhesive layer on a substrate layer, drying at the temperature of 103-125 ℃ for 10-15min, drying at the temperature of 135-165 ℃ for 12-25min, wherein the thickness is 30-67 mu m, placing the microstructure layer and the reflective layer on the adhesive layer, and rolling the pressing surfaces of the microstructure layer and the reflective layer by using a roller shaft at the rolling temperature of 183-204 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa to form a microprism structure so as to obtain the reflective film;
as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 3) includes the steps of:
a) preparing a magnesium fluoride film layer:
heating the super-white patterned glass substrate at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 8-12min, then sputtering in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise the vacuum degree of 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power of 90-100W and the sputtering time of 1-2h to obtain the substrate A, and the prepared magnesium fluoride film layer has the advantages of high density, high strength and waterproof performance and high bonding strength with the substrate A.
b) Preparing a nano film layer:
mixing ethyl orthosilicate and absolute ethyl alcohol fully, stirring strongly for 8-15min, adding ammonia water and deionized water, heating to 68-78 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 3-5h to obtain a solution A, dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution B, dissolving glacial acetic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution C, mixing the solution B and the solution C, adding the solution B and the solution C into the solution A, stirring for 2.8-3.6h at 50-65 ℃, cooling the sol, adding N, N-dimethyl amide, continuing stirring for 10-18min, sealing and aging for 24-72h to obtain a solution D, coating the solution D on an ultra-white embossed glass substrate in a roll coating mode, drying for 1-2h and 25-40min at 78-83 ℃, 47-53 ℃ and 22-28 ℃ respectively under 55-85% rh humidity and grading for 1-2h and 25-40min, 15-25min to obtain a substrate B, wherein the molar mass ratio of silicon dioxide to titanium dioxide in the film layer is 1: 0-0.25; the prepared nano film layer has the advantages of better quality, better thermal stability, uniform and flat film surface, higher porosity and uniform pore size distribution, so that the film layer has extremely high light diffuse reflection and transmittance.
c) Tempering:
heating the substrate B at the high temperature of 600-800 ℃ for 20-30S, and then rapidly cooling the substrate B at the temperature of 135-165S to obtain toughened coated glass; the ultra-white patterned glass and the contact surface of the nano film layer generate chemical reaction at high temperature, the ultra-white patterned glass and the nano film layer are tightly combined, and the ultra-white patterned glass has high ageing resistance while the strength is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof, wherein solar cells are connected in series with each other through interconnection bars to form a plurality of solar cell strings, the ends of the solar cell strings are connected in series through bus bars, and a reflective film is fixed with a front main grid welding strip, so that the packaging loss of the module is favorably reduced.
2. The invention provides a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof, wherein the reflective film is adhered to the surface of an interconnection strip of the module, when sunlight irradiates on the interconnection strip, the reflective film on the surface of the interconnection strip is totally reflected, the light is reflected to the lower surface of coated glass, and then is reflected to a battery piece by the lower surface of the coated glass, so that the loss of sunlight at a welding strip is reduced, and the utilization rate of the module to sunlight energy is improved.
3. The invention provides a photovoltaic module with a reflective film and a preparation process thereof, the structure and the processing procedure of the reflective film improve the surface quality of the reflective film and enhance the reflectivity of the reflective film, and the structure and the processing procedure of coated glass improve the mechanical property and the surface property and simultaneously improve the refractive index and the transmittance so as to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar cell layer in a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective film in a photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a coated glass layer in a photovoltaic module with a reflective film according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a back plate; 2. a second packaging adhesive film layer; 3. insulating small cushion blocks; 4. packaging the small cushion block of the adhesive film; 5. a solar cell layer; 6. a first packaging adhesive film layer; 7. a coated glass layer; 51. a string of solar cells; 52. a bus bar; 53. a battery piece; 54. an interconnection bar; 55. a light-reflecting film; 71. an ultra-white patterned glass substrate; 72. a nano-film layer; 73. a magnesium fluoride film layer; 551. a substrate layer; 552. an adhesive layer; 553. a microstructure layer; 554. a light-reflecting layer; .
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
stirring 15 parts of polypropylene, 1 part of fluorescent powder and 0.3 part of titanate coupling agent at 165 ℃ for 15min, defoaming in vacuum for 30min, coating the obtained glue solution on a machine, drying the prepared film layer at 40 ℃ for 30min, drying at 90 ℃ for 1h to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 30 mu m, electroplating an aluminum oxide coating at the bottom of the reflecting layer, coating an adhesive layer on a substrate layer, drying at 103 ℃ for 10min, drying at 135 ℃ for 12min to obtain the reflecting layer with the thickness of 30 mu m, placing the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer on the adhesive layer, and rolling the pressing surfaces of the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer by using a roller shaft at the rolling temperature of 183 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.3Mpa to form a microprism structure to obtain the reflecting film;
sorting qualified battery pieces, dividing the battery pieces with consistent colors and same efficiency into the same component, welding the battery pieces with each other by using a welding strip, and sticking a reflective film to the surface of the welding strip after welding is finished;
heating an ultra-white embossed glass substrate at 280 ℃ for 8min, then sputtering in an argon atmosphere to obtain a substrate A, fully mixing tetraethoxysilane and absolute ethyl alcohol, strongly stirring for 8min, adding ammonia water and deionized water, heating to 68 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 3h to obtain a solution A, dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution B, dissolving glacial acetic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution C, mixing the solution B and the solution C, adding the solution A into the solution A, stirring for 2.8h at 50 ℃, adding N, N-dimethyl amide after cooling the sol, continuing stirring for 10min, sealing and aging for 16h to obtain a solution D, coating the solution D on the substrate A in a roll coating manner, performing graded drying for 1h, 25min and 15min at the temperature of 78 ℃, 47 ℃ and 22 ℃ respectively under the humidity of 55% rh, obtaining a film B, heating the film B in a film layer at the mass ratio of silicon dioxide to titanium dioxide of 1 mol to the substrate B to 20S, and rapidly heating the film at the temperature of 135 ℃ to obtain a tempered glass film S;
sequentially laying coated glass, a first layer of packaging adhesive film, a battery string with a reflective film adhered on an interconnection strip, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block, a small insulating cushion block, a second layer of packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate from bottom to top in sequence, laminating and stacking the laminated assemblies respectively, assembling the assembled assemblies by using a frame, fixing the assembled assemblies on a wood tray by using a carton and a packing belt, and testing according to the test requirements of 1500V assemblies in IEC61215 and IEC 61730.
Example 2:
stirring 20 parts of polypropylene, 1.5 parts of fluorescent powder and 0.55 part of titanate coupling agent at 182 ℃ for 20min, defoaming in vacuum for 35min, coating the obtained glue solution on a machine, drying the prepared film layer at 50 ℃ for 35min, then drying at 97 ℃ for 12h to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 36 mu m, electroplating an aluminum oxide coating at the bottom of the reflecting layer, coating an adhesive layer on a substrate layer, drying at 114 ℃ for 12min, then drying at 150 ℃ for 18min to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 43 mu m, placing the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer on the adhesive layer, and rolling the pressed surfaces of the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer by using a roller at the rolling temperature of 193 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.4Mpa to form a microprism structure to obtain the reflecting film;
sorting qualified battery pieces, dividing the battery pieces with consistent colors and same efficiency into the same component, welding the battery pieces with each other by using a welding strip, and sticking a reflective film to the surface of the welding strip after welding is finished;
heating a super-white patterned glass substrate at 300 ℃ for 10min, then sputtering in an argon atmosphere to obtain a substrate A, then fully mixing tetraethoxysilane and absolute ethyl alcohol, strongly stirring for 12min, then adding ammonia water and deionized water, heating to 73 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 4h to obtain a solution A, dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution B, dissolving glacial acetic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution C, then mixing the solution B and the solution C, adding the solution A into the solution A, stirring for 3.2h at 58 ℃, adding N, N-dimethyl amide after cooling the sol, continuing stirring for 14min, sealing and aging for 23h to obtain a solution D, coating the solution D on the substrate A in a roll coating manner, drying for 1.5h, 33min and 20min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and 50 ℃ and 25 ℃ respectively under the humidity of 70% rh to obtain a film layer B, heating the film layer B in the film layer B and the substrate B at the mass ratio of titanium dioxide of 0.5 mol to obtain a tempered glass substrate B, and rapidly cooling the film layer B at the high temperature of 150.s and the tempered glass at the temperature of 1.0 mol ratio of titanium dioxide of 1.0S under the humidity of 700 ℃ to obtain tempered glass;
sequentially laying coated glass, a first layer of packaging adhesive film, a battery string with a reflective film adhered on an interconnection strip, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block, a small insulating cushion block, a second layer of packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate from bottom to top in sequence, laminating and stacking the laminated assemblies respectively, assembling the assembled assemblies by using a frame, fixing the assembled assemblies on a wood tray by using a carton and a packing belt, and testing according to the test requirements of 1500V assemblies in IEC61215 and IEC 61730.
Example 3:
stirring 25 parts of polypropylene, 2 parts of fluorescent powder and 0.8 part of titanate coupling agent at 200 ℃ for 25min, defoaming in vacuum for 40min, coating the obtained glue solution on a machine, drying the prepared film layer at 60 ℃ for 40min, drying at 105 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 44 mu m, electroplating an aluminum oxide coating at the bottom of the reflecting layer, coating an adhesive layer on a substrate layer, drying at 125 ℃ for 15min, drying at 165 ℃ for 25min to obtain the reflecting layer with the thickness of 67 mu m, placing the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer on the adhesive layer, and rolling the pressed surfaces of the microstructure layer and the reflecting layer by using a roller at the rolling temperature of 204 ℃ and under the pressure of 0.5Mpa to form a microprism structure to obtain the reflecting film;
sorting qualified battery pieces, dividing the battery pieces with consistent colors and same efficiency into the same component, welding the battery pieces with each other by using a welding strip, and sticking a reflective film to the surface of the welding strip after welding is finished;
heating a super-white embossed glass substrate at 320 ℃ for 8-12min, then sputtering in an argon atmosphere to obtain a substrate A, then fully mixing tetraethoxysilane and absolute ethyl alcohol, strongly stirring for 15min, then adding ammonia water and deionized water, heating to 78 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 5h to obtain a solution A, dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution B, dissolving glacial acetic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution C, then mixing the solution B and the solution C, adding the solution A into the solution A, stirring for 3.6h at 65 ℃, adding N, N-dimethyl amide after cooling the sol, continuing stirring for 18min, sealing and aging for 30h to obtain a solution D, coating the solution D on the substrate A in a roll coating manner, and rapidly drying the substrate A in a grading manner at 83 ℃, 53 ℃, 28 ℃ for 2h, 40min, 25min to obtain a substrate B, wherein the film layer of the substrate B and the titanium dioxide in the substrate B are heated and coated at a high temperature of 0.165-mol ratio of 0.s under 85% rh humidity to obtain tempered glass, and then heating and coating a film at a temperature of 800S;
sequentially laying coated glass, a first layer of packaging adhesive film, a battery string with a reflective film adhered on an interconnection strip, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block, a small insulating cushion block, a second layer of packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate from bottom to top in sequence, laminating and stacking the laminated assemblies respectively, assembling the assembled assemblies by using a frame, fixing the assembled assemblies on a wood tray by using a carton and a packing belt, and testing according to the test requirements of 1500V assemblies in IEC61215 and IEC 61730.
Experiment:
the coated glass prepared in examples 1 to 3 was subjected to transmittance, far-infrared reflectance and emissivity of the glass, and the detection results were recorded, and the following data were obtained:
from the data in the table above, it is clear that the following conclusions can be drawn:
the embodiment 1-3 forms a contrast experiment with the common coated glass and the common reflective film, and the detection result shows that the reflectivity of the reflective film in the embodiment 1-3 is obviously improved, and the refractive index and the light transmittance of the coated glass are obviously improved, which fully shows that the invention improves the reflectivity of the reflective film, improves the refractive index and the light transmittance of the coated glass, has better uniformity and more stable performance of the film layer, improves the utilization rate of the assembly to solar energy, and has higher practicability.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a photovoltaic module with reflective membrane, includes backplate (1), solar cell layer (5) and coated glass layer (7), its characterized in that: the solar cell packaging structure is characterized in that a second packaging adhesive film layer (2) is arranged below the back plate (1), a small insulating cushion block (3) is arranged below the second packaging adhesive film layer (2), a small packaging adhesive film block (4) is arranged below the small insulating cushion block (3), a solar cell layer (5) is arranged below the small packaging adhesive film block (4), a first packaging adhesive film layer (6) is arranged below the solar cell layer (5), and a coated glass layer (7) is arranged below the first packaging adhesive film layer (6).
2. The photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to claim 1, wherein: the back plate (1) is a TPT solar back plate, and the second packaging adhesive film layer (2) and the first packaging adhesive film layer (6) are both EVA packaging adhesive film layers.
3. The photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to claim 1, wherein: the solar cell layer (5) comprises solar cell strings (51) and bus bars (52), the number of the solar cell strings (51) and the number of the bus bars (52) are multiple groups, the ends of the two groups of solar cell strings (51) are connected through the bus bars (52), the solar cell strings (51) comprise cell pieces (53) and interconnection bars (54), the number of the cell pieces (53) and the number of the interconnection bars (54) are multiple groups, the two groups of cell pieces (53) are connected through the interconnection bars (54), the interconnection bars (54) are located at the tops of the cell pieces (53), and reflective films (55) are laid at the tops of the interconnection bars (54).
4. The photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to claim 1, wherein: the coated glass layer (7) comprises a super-white embossed glass substrate (71), a nano film layer (72) and a magnesium fluoride film layer (73), wherein the magnesium fluoride film layer (73) is arranged at the top of the super-white embossed glass substrate (71), the nano film layer (72) is arranged at the top of the magnesium fluoride film layer (73), and the nano film layer (72) is a silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide composite nano film layer.
5. The photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to claim 3, wherein: the reflective film (55) comprises a substrate layer (551), an adhesive layer (552), a microstructure layer (553) and a reflective layer (554), wherein the adhesive layer (552) is arranged at the top of the substrate layer (551), the microstructure layer (553) is arranged at the bottom of the substrate layer (551), and the reflective layer (554) is arranged at the top of the adhesive layer (552).
6. The photovoltaic module provided with the reflective film according to claim 5, wherein: the substrate layer (551) is a polycarbonate substrate layer, the adhesive layer (552) is a high-gas-barrier adhesive layer, the micro-structure layer (553) is a micro-prism structure layer, and the reflecting layer (554) is a fluorescent polypropylene reflecting layer.
7. A preparation process of a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a reflective film;
2) preparing a solar cell layer;
3) preparing coated glass;
4) laminating;
5) framing;
6) packaging;
7) and (4) testing.
8. The process for preparing a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film according to claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a reflective film;
2) preparing a solar cell layer;
a) sorting the battery pieces:
sorting out qualified battery pieces in required quantity, and dividing the battery pieces with consistent colors and same efficiency into the same component;
b) welding:
the battery pieces are mutually welded through the welding strips by using an automatic welding machine, the reflective film is adhered to the surface of the welding strips by using an automatic film sticking machine after welding is finished, and the reflective film is firmly adhered to the welding strips through heating and curing of a welded bottom plate;
3) preparing coated glass;
4) laminating:
sequentially laying coated glass, a first layer of packaging adhesive film, a battery string with a reflective film adhered on an interconnection strip, a small packaging adhesive film cushion block, a small insulating cushion block, a second layer of packaging adhesive film layer and a back plate from bottom to top in sequence, and laminating;
5) framing: assembling the laminated components by using a frame;
6) packaging: fixing the assembly on a wooden tray by using a paper box and a packing belt;
7) and (3) testing: the tests were performed according to the relevant standards.
9. The process for preparing a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film according to claim 7, wherein the step 1) comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a light reflecting layer:
taking 15-25 parts of polypropylene, 1-2 parts of fluorescent powder and 0.3-0.8 part of titanate coupling agent, stirring for 15-25min at 200 ℃ of 165-plus, defoaming for 30-40min in vacuum to obtain glue solution A, coating the glue solution A on a machine to obtain a film layer B, drying the film layer B for 30-40min at 40-60 ℃, drying for 1-1.5h at 90-105 ℃ to obtain a reflecting layer with the thickness of 30-44 mu m, and electroplating an aluminum oxide coating at the bottom of the reflecting layer;
b) preparing a reflective film:
coating the adhesive layer on the substrate layer, drying at 125 ℃ for 10-15min and at 135 ℃ for 165 ℃ for 12-25min, wherein the thickness is 30-67 mu m, placing the microstructure layer and the reflective layer on the adhesive layer, and rolling the pressed surfaces of the microstructure layer and the reflective layer by using a roller shaft at the rolling temperature of 183-204 ℃ and the pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa to form a microprism structure, thereby obtaining the reflective film.
10. The process for preparing a photovoltaic module provided with a reflective film according to claim 7, wherein the step 3) comprises the following steps:
a) preparing a magnesium fluoride film layer:
heating the ultra-white patterned glass substrate at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 8-12min, and then sputtering in an argon atmosphere, wherein the sputtering process parameters comprise the vacuum degree of 1.0 × 10-3Pa-1.0 × 10-5Pa, the sputtering power of 90-100W and the sputtering time of 1-2h to obtain a substrate A;
b) preparing a nano film layer:
mixing tetraethoxysilane and absolute ethyl alcohol fully, stirring strongly for 8-15min, adding ammonia water and deionized water, heating to 68-78 ℃, stirring and refluxing for 3-5h to obtain a solution A, dissolving tetrabutyl titanate in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution B, dissolving glacial acetic acid in absolute ethyl alcohol to form a solution C, mixing the solution B and the solution C, adding the solution B and the solution C into the solution A, stirring for 2.8-3.6h at 50-65 ℃, cooling the sol, adding N, N-dimethyl amide, stirring continuously for 10-18min, sealing and aging for 16-30h to obtain a solution D, coating the solution D on a substrate A in a roll coating manner, drying in a grading manner at the temperature of 78-83 ℃, 47-53 ℃ and 22-28 ℃ for 1-2h, 25-40min and 15-25min respectively under the humidity of 55-85% rh, obtaining a substrate B, wherein the molar mass ratio of silicon dioxide to titanium dioxide in the film layer is 1: 0-0.25;
c) tempering:
heating the substrate B at the temperature of 600-800 ℃ for 20-30S, and then rapidly cooling the substrate B at the temperature of 135-165S to obtain the toughened coated glass.
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