CN111474485A - Method and system for evaluating on-orbit real-time capacity of spacecraft storage battery pack - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating on-orbit real-time capacity of spacecraft storage battery pack Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and a system for evaluating the on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft storage battery pack are disclosed, wherein a bottoming test is carried out on lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch with a positive lithium ion storage battery pack at different temperatures and different charge and discharge multiplying factors, a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch is established, the real-time temperature, group voltage and charge and discharge current telemetering data of the on-orbit state of the positive lithium ion storage battery pack are read through telemetering, and the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch is inquired according to the on-orbit real-time temperature, group voltage and charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive lithium ion storage battery pack according to different on-orbit states of the positive lithium ion storage battery pack, so that the. The method can determine the on-orbit available capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack in real time according to the working temperature and the charge-discharge current state of the lithium ion storage battery pack, and provides effective reference and basis for formulating the charge-discharge control strategy of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the subsequent task stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ground evaluation method and an evaluation system for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack.
Background
With the increasing complexity of the on-orbit flying mission of the spacecraft, particularly for the deep space probe, the on-orbit flying mission often has the characteristics of short energy margin and large on-orbit discharging depth, and as a common key energy storage device, the on-orbit flying mission also provides higher requirements for the real-time charging and discharging capacity management precision of the lithium ion storage battery pack.
The currently common on-track real-time capacity evaluation method for the lithium ion storage battery pack mainly comprises a current integration method and a voltage method. The current integration method will generate obvious accumulated error under the condition that the lithium ion storage battery pack is not fully filled for multiple circles. The voltage rule does not take factors such as temperature, charge and discharge current into quantitative overall consideration, so that accurate evaluation of the remaining available capacity of the lithium ion storage battery under fixed temperature and charge and discharge multiplying power cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a ground evaluation method and a ground evaluation system for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack, which can determine the on-orbit available capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack in real time according to the working temperature and the charging and discharging current state of the lithium ion storage battery pack and provide effective reference and basis for formulating a charging and discharging control strategy of the lithium ion storage battery pack in a subsequent task stage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an on-orbit real-time capacity evaluation method for a spacecraft storage battery pack, comprising the following steps:
step S1, carrying out a charge-discharge trial experiment at different temperatures and different charge-discharge multiplying factors by using a lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch as the positive lithium ion storage battery pack, and establishing a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch;
step S2, reading real-time temperature, group voltage and charging and discharging current telemetering data of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack through telemetering;
and step S3, according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, respectively inquiring a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the on-track real-time temperature, the pack voltage and the charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and obtaining the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
The method for establishing the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch comprises the following steps:
step S1.1, determining the temperature range [ T ] of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack in the on-orbit processmin，Tmax]And a range of charging and discharging currents [ I ]min，Imax]；
S1.2, in a rail temperature range and a charge-discharge current range of the lithium ion storage battery pack, selecting m typical temperature values according to a uniform step interval, selecting n typical charge-discharge current values, and forming m × n charging working condition combinations and m × n discharging working condition combinations by arranging and combining the m typical temperature values and the n typical charge-discharge current values, wherein m is a natural number greater than 2, and n is a natural number greater than 2;
and S1.3, performing a charge-discharge trial experiment on m × n charging working conditions and m × n discharging working conditions by using the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch as the sample lithium ion storage battery pack to obtain a reference capacity matrix, wherein the reference capacity matrix comprises corresponding data of the voltage and the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack or corresponding data of the current and the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack under different temperatures and different charge-discharge multiplying factors.
The method for carrying out the charge-discharge trial experiment on the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch comprises the following steps:
and (3) a constant current charging test stage: charging the lithium ion storage battery packs of the same batch from a charge state, collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery packs of the same batch in a fixed time step, and integrating constant current charging current with time to obtain constant current charging electric quantity data;
a constant voltage charging test stage: charging to a full-charge state rated group voltage by taking the output end of the same batch of lithium ion storage battery packs as a constant voltage control point, wherein the charging current is less than 1.0A, acquiring and recording constant voltage charging current data of the same batch of lithium ion storage battery packs by a fixed time step length, and integrating the constant voltage charging current with time to obtain constant voltage charging electric quantity data;
and (3) a constant current discharge test stage: discharging the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch from a full charge state to an emptying state, collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch according to a fixed time step length, and meanwhile integrating constant current discharge current with time to obtain constant current discharge electric quantity data.
The method for inquiring the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch to obtain the on-orbit real-time capacity of the positive lithium ion storage battery pack comprises the following steps:
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant current charging state:
real-time telemetering constant-current charging current I of lithium ion storage battery pack for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Voltage V of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power x × C and temperature T in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding charging quantity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant current charger×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and x is IConstant current chargerRated capacity of lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch, β is attenuation coefficient from capacity matrix test to on-orbit flight time period;
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant voltage charging state:
real-time telemetering constant-voltage charging current I of lithium ion storage battery pack for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant pressure chargerAnd temperature T of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power y in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch× C, temperature T0Constant voltage charging current IConstant pressure chargerCorresponding charging capacity QConstant pressure chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant pressure charger×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and y is IConstant pressure chargerRated capacity of a lithium ion storage battery pack, β is a damping coefficient from a capacity matrix test to an on-orbit flight time period;
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant current discharge state:
real-time telemetry lithium ion storage battery pack discharging current I for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant current dischargeTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Voltage V of lithium ion battery pack0Inquiring corresponding discharge multiplying power z × C and temperature T in reference capacity matrix of lithium ion storage battery pack in same batch0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding discharge capacity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current dischargeThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝(QIs full of-QConstant current discharge) ×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and z is IPutRated capacity, Q, of lithium ion battery packIs full ofFor reference, the multiplying power z × C and the temperature T in the capacity matrix0The total electric quantity discharged from the full charge state to the emptying state of the lower lithium ion storage battery pack is β the attenuation coefficient from the capacity matrix test to the on-orbit flight time period.
And when the actual charging current, or discharging current, or temperature, or voltage of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack is the intermediate value of the two data in the reference capacity matrix, performing interpolation processing on the charging electric quantity corresponding to the two data, and taking the interpolation processing result as the charging electric quantity obtained by query.
The invention also provides a ground evaluation system for the on-orbit real-time capacity of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack, which comprises the following components: the system comprises ground charging and discharging equipment and a capacity evaluation unit;
the ground charging and discharging equipment uses a lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch as the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack to carry out a charging and discharging experiment under different temperatures and different charging and discharging multiplying factors, and establishes a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch;
the capacity evaluation unit telemeters and reads telemetering data of real-time temperature, group voltage and charge and discharge current of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and inquires a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the on-track real-time temperature, the group voltage and the charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack to obtain the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
Aiming at the real-time electric quantity evaluation requirement of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack in the in-orbit process, the method can be combined with the temperature and the charging and discharging current working conditions of the in-orbit process to evaluate the residual available capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack in real time, thereby providing effective reference and basis for formulating the charging and discharging control strategy of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the subsequent task stage, and being more convenient, accurate and strong in applicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a ground evaluation method for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion battery pack provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of establishing a reference capacity matrix for the same batch of lithium ion battery packs.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of obtaining on-track real-time capacity of a positive-sample lithium ion battery pack.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a ground evaluation system for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion battery pack provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a ground evaluation method for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion battery pack, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, carrying out a background test at different temperatures and different charge and discharge rates by using the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch as the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and establishing a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch; the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch as the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack can eliminate errors caused by batch-to-batch differences;
step S2, reading real-time temperature, group voltage and charging and discharging current telemetering data of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack through telemetering;
and step S3, according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, respectively inquiring a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the on-track real-time temperature, the pack voltage and the charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and obtaining the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the method for establishing the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion battery packs of the same batch includes:
step S1.1, determining the temperature range [ T ] of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack in the on-orbit processmin，Tmax]And a range of charging and discharging currents [ I ]min，Imax]；
S1.2, in the rail temperature range and the charge-discharge current range of the lithium ion storage battery pack, selecting m typical temperature values according to uniform step length intervals, selecting n typical charge-discharge current values, and forming m × n charging working condition combinations and m × n discharging working condition combinations by arranging and combining the m typical temperature values and the n typical charge-discharge current values, wherein the specific values are as follows:
typical temperature values: t ismin、Tmin+(Tmax-Tmin)/(m-1)、Tmin+(Tmax-Tmin)×2/(m-1)、Tmin+(Tmax-Tmin)×3/(m-1)、…Tmin+(Tmax-Tmin)×(m-2)/(m-1)、Tmax；
Typical charge and discharge current values: i ismin、Imin+(Imax-Imin)/(n-1)、Imin+(Imax-Imin)×2/(n-1)、Imin+(Imax-Imin)×3/(n-1)、…Imin+(Imax-Imin)×(n-2)/(n-1)、Imax；
Wherein m is a natural number greater than 2, and n is a natural number greater than 2;
step S1.3, a charge-discharge trial experiment is performed on m × n charge conditions and m × n discharge conditions by using a lithium ion battery pack of the same batch as the positive lithium ion battery pack, so as to obtain a reference capacity matrix at different temperatures and different charge-discharge rate dimensions, where the charge-discharge rate is charge current/rated capacity of the battery, for example, 100Ah of the battery 10A is charged, and the charge-discharge rate is 10/100 is 0.1C.
The reference capacity matrix comprises the relation between the voltage (or current) and the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack under different temperatures and different charge and discharge multiplying factors, the relation between data is corresponding data of a group of voltage (or current) and capacity under any temperature and any charge and discharge multiplying factor, and the whole matrix comprises N groups of data (N is the number of the temperature and the charge and discharge multiplying factor ×).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the lithium ion battery pack of the same batch is formed by connecting two to seven single batteries in series with 14 single batteries, the rated capacity is 100Ah, the rated pack voltage of a full charge state is 28.7V, the pack voltage of a storage battery in an empty state is 23.1V, and the method for performing a charge-discharge groping test on the lithium ion battery pack of the same batch of the two to seven single batteries comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) a constant current charging test stage: charging the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch from a charge state, collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch by ground charging and discharging equipment by taking 5s as a time step length, and integrating constant current charging current with time to obtain constant current charging electric quantity data;
2. a constant voltage charging test stage: the output end of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch is taken as a constant voltage control point, the lithium ion storage battery pack is charged to a full charge state rated pack voltage of 28.7V, the charging current is less than 1.0A, ground charging and discharging equipment collects and records constant voltage charging current data of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch by taking 5s as a time step length, and meanwhile, constant voltage charging current is integrated with time to obtain constant voltage charging electric quantity data;
3. and (3) a constant current discharge test stage: discharging the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch from a full charge state to an emptying state (the emptying voltage of the single battery is 3.3V, the emptying voltage is 23.1V), collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch by ground charging and discharging equipment by taking 5s as a time step, and meanwhile integrating constant current discharge current with time to obtain constant current discharge electric quantity data.
The state of charge refers to the current capacity of the storage battery, and is inversely related to the depth of discharge, for example, if the current capacity of a 100Ah battery is 60Ah, the state of charge of the battery is 60%, and the depth of discharge is 40%.
The sampling frequency can be set at will, generally 1 s-1 min, and 5s is adopted in the embodiment.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the method for obtaining the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion battery pack includes the following steps:
step S3.1, judging whether the real-time on-track process of the lithium ion storage battery pack is in a charging state or a discharging state, if the lithium ion storage battery pack is in a constant-current charging state, turning to step S3.2, if the lithium ion storage battery pack is in a constant-voltage charging state, turning to step S3.3, and if the lithium ion storage battery pack is in a constant-current discharging state, turning to step S3.4;
step S3.2, reading real-time telemetering constant-current charging current I of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Voltage V of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power x × C and temperature T in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding charging quantity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant current charger×β；
Wherein C is the charge-discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion storage battery, and x is IConstant current chargerThe rated capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch is 100Ah, β is the attenuation coefficient from the capacity matrix test to the on-track flight time period, and the attenuation coefficient isObtained through a ground long-time storage test and a service life test;
because the current multiplying power and the temperature value in the reference capacity matrix are typical discrete points, the actual charging current and temperature telemetering of the storage battery are intermediate values, and an interpolation method is needed to process data under the condition; taking a constant current charging current as an example, the interpolation processing method is as follows: when charging current IConstant current chargerWhen the current is between two levels in the reference capacity matrix, the upper and lower two levels of current values (I) are respectively inquired1And I2) Corresponding charging capacity Q1And Q2If the actual charging capacity Q is equal to Q1-(Q1-Q2)×(I1-I)/(I1-I2) (ii) a If the actual charging current and temperature of the storage battery are both intermediate values of two gears in the reference capacity matrix, the current and temperature can be processed by adopting a method of successively and respectively interpolating;
step S3.3, reading real-time telemetering constant voltage charging current I of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the positive sampleConstant pressure chargerAnd temperature T of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power y × C and temperature T in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch0Constant voltage charging current IConstant pressure chargerCorresponding charging capacity QConstant pressure chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant pressure charger×β；
Wherein C is the charge-discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion storage battery, and y is IConstant pressure charger100 (rated capacity of a lithium ion storage battery pack is 100Ah), β is a damping coefficient from a capacity matrix test to an on-orbit flight time period, and the damping coefficient is obtained through a ground long-time storage test and a service life test;
if the actual charging current and temperature of the storage battery are the middle values of two gears in the capacity matrix, performing interpolation processing according to the constant-current charging process;
step S3.4, reading real-time telemetering discharge current I of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the positive sampleConstant current dischargeTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Lithium, lithiumVoltage V of ion accumulator battery0Inquiring corresponding discharge multiplying power z × C and temperature T in reference capacity matrix of lithium ion storage battery pack in same batch0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding discharge capacity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current dischargeThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝(QIs full of-QConstant current discharge)×β；
Wherein C is the charge-discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion storage battery, and z is IPutPer 100 (lithium ion battery rated capacity 100Ah), QIs full ofFor reference, the multiplying power z × C and the temperature T in the capacity matrix0The total electric quantity discharged by the lower lithium ion storage battery pack from a full charge state to an emptying state at 23.1V is β, the attenuation coefficient from a capacity matrix groping test to an on-orbit flight time period is obtained through a ground long-time storage test and a service life test;
and if the actual discharge current and temperature of the storage battery are the middle values of two gears in the capacity matrix, performing interpolation processing by referring to the constant-current charging process.
Along with the prolonging of the on-orbit time of the lithium ion storage battery pack, the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack is gradually attenuated, the capacity error of the on-orbit battery is judged to be larger and larger by singly adopting the same group of data of a ground test, and the real-time on-orbit capacity data of the lithium ion storage battery pack can be more accurately judged in different service life stages after satellite transmission by adding the attenuation coefficient β.
In the embodiment of the invention, the data of the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch is derived from constant charge and constant discharge, while the charge and discharge current is always in change in the process of on-track, and when the charge and discharge current jump is larger, the voltage change of the lithium ion storage battery pack has certain hysteresis relatively, so that certain error exists between the data searched from the reference capacity matrix and the actual capacity when the charge and discharge current changes. In addition, according to the inherent characteristics of the lithium ion storage battery, the voltage-capacity curve of the charging and discharging process of the lithium ion storage battery has the morphological characteristics of gentle middle section and steeper two ends. In the middle section (namely a voltage platform) on a voltage-capacity curve of the lithium ion storage battery, the voltage of the lithium ion storage battery pack is insensitive to the change of the capacity, and a smaller voltage change of the lithium ion storage battery pack corresponds to a larger capacity change. And because the error of telemetering layered acquisition cannot be avoided, a certain error also exists between data obtained by searching the reference capacity matrix and the actual capacity at the voltage platform. Therefore, the ground evaluation method for the capacity of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack provided by the invention is used for avoiding the moment of charge-discharge state switching and charge-discharge current mutation as much as possible and selecting an application stage in which the charge state of the lithium ion storage battery pack is higher than 85% or lower than 15%.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides a ground evaluation system for on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft lithium ion battery pack, comprising: ground charge and discharge equipment 1 and capacity evaluation unit 2.
The ground charging and discharging equipment 1 is connected with the storage battery pack and used for establishing a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch. The method is specifically used for setting different typical temperature and charging and discharging current working conditions, and obtaining voltage, current and charging and discharging quantity data of the lithium ion storage battery through multiple tests; acquiring corresponding relations of charge and discharge current, temperature, group voltage and charge and discharge amount in the ground background testing process of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch as the sample; and establishing a reference capacity matrix based on the charge and discharge test data under different working conditions.
The capacity evaluation unit 2 reads the remote measurement data of the real-time temperature, the group voltage and the charge and discharge current of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack through remote measurement, and inquires a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the remote measurement data of the on-track real-time temperature, the group voltage and the charge and discharge current of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack respectively according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack to obtain the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
aiming at the real-time electric quantity evaluation requirement of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack in the in-orbit process, the residual available capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack can be evaluated in real time by combining the temperature and the charging and discharging current working conditions in the in-orbit process, so that effective reference and basis are provided for formulating the charging and discharging control strategy of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the subsequent task stage, and the method is more convenient, accurate and high in applicability.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. An on-orbit real-time capacity evaluation method for a spacecraft storage battery pack is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, carrying out a charge-discharge trial experiment at different temperatures and different charge-discharge multiplying factors by using a lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch as the positive lithium ion storage battery pack, and establishing a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch;
step S2, reading real-time temperature, group voltage and charging and discharging current telemetering data of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack through telemetering;
and step S3, according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, respectively inquiring a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the on-track real-time temperature, the pack voltage and the charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and obtaining the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
2. The method for estimating on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the method for establishing the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion battery packs in the same batch comprises the following steps:
step S1.1, determining the temperature range [ T ] of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack in the on-orbit processmin，Tmax]And a range of charging and discharging currents [ I ]min，Imax]；
S1.2, in a rail temperature range and a charge-discharge current range of the lithium ion storage battery pack, selecting m typical temperature values according to a uniform step interval, selecting n typical charge-discharge current values, and forming m × n charging working condition combinations and m × n discharging working condition combinations by arranging and combining the m typical temperature values and the n typical charge-discharge current values, wherein m is a natural number greater than 2, and n is a natural number greater than 2;
and S1.3, performing a charge-discharge trial experiment on m × n charging working conditions and m × n discharging working conditions by using the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch as the sample lithium ion storage battery pack to obtain a reference capacity matrix, wherein the reference capacity matrix comprises corresponding data of the voltage and the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack or corresponding data of the current and the capacity of the lithium ion storage battery pack under different temperatures and different charge-discharge multiplying factors.
3. The method for estimating the on-orbit real-time capacity of the spacecraft battery pack according to claim 2, wherein the method for performing a charge-discharge blinding test on the same batch of lithium ion battery packs comprises the following steps:
and (3) a constant current charging test stage: charging the lithium ion storage battery packs of the same batch from a charge state, collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery packs of the same batch in a fixed time step, and integrating constant current charging current with time to obtain constant current charging electric quantity data;
a constant voltage charging test stage: charging to a full-charge state rated group voltage by taking the output end of the same batch of lithium ion storage battery packs as a constant voltage control point, wherein the charging current is less than 1.0A, acquiring and recording constant voltage charging current data of the same batch of lithium ion storage battery packs by a fixed time step length, and integrating the constant voltage charging current with time to obtain constant voltage charging electric quantity data;
and (3) a constant current discharge test stage: discharging the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch from a full charge state to an emptying state, collecting and recording voltage data of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch according to a fixed time step length, and meanwhile integrating constant current discharge current with time to obtain constant current discharge electric quantity data.
4. The method for evaluating the on-orbit real-time capacity of a spacecraft battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the method for obtaining the on-orbit real-time capacity of the positive lithium ion battery pack by inquiring the reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion battery packs in the same batch comprises the following steps:
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant current charging state:
real-time telemetering constant-current charging current I of lithium ion storage battery pack for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Voltage V of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power x × C and temperature T in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding charging quantity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant current charger×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and x is IConstant current chargerRated capacity of lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch, β is attenuation coefficient from capacity matrix test to on-orbit flight time period;
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant voltage charging state:
real-time telemetering constant-voltage charging current I of lithium ion storage battery pack for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant pressure chargerAnd temperature T of lithium ion battery pack0And inquiring corresponding charging multiplying power y × C and temperature T in a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery packs in the same batch0Constant voltage charging current IConstant pressure chargerCorresponding charging capacity QConstant pressure chargerThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝QConstant pressure charger×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and y is IConstant pressure chargerRated capacity of a lithium ion storage battery pack, β is a damping coefficient from a capacity matrix test to an on-orbit flight time period;
the lithium ion storage battery is in a constant current discharge state:
real-time telemetry lithium ion storage battery pack discharging current I for reading positive sample lithium ion storage battery packConstant current dischargeTemperature T of lithium ion storage battery0Voltage V of lithium ion battery pack0In the same batch of lithium ion batteriesInquiring corresponding discharge multiplying power z × C and temperature T in reference capacity matrix of group0Sum group voltage V0Corresponding discharge capacity Q of lithium ion storage battery packConstant current dischargeThen obtaining the capacity Q of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery under the current temperature and current multiplying powerAt present＝(QIs full of-QConstant current discharge) ×β, wherein C is the charge and discharge multiplying power of the lithium ion battery pack, and z is IPutRated capacity, Q, of lithium ion battery packIs full ofFor reference, the multiplying power z × C and the temperature T in the capacity matrix0The total electric quantity discharged from the full charge state to the emptying state of the lower lithium ion storage battery pack is β the attenuation coefficient from the capacity matrix test to the on-orbit flight time period.
5. The on-orbit real-time capacity evaluation method for a spacecraft battery pack according to claim 4, wherein when the actual charging current, or discharging current, or temperature, or voltage of the positive sample lithium ion battery pack is the middle value of two data in the reference capacity matrix, the charging electric quantities corresponding to the two data are interpolated, and the interpolated result is used as the charging electric quantity obtained by query.
6. A ground evaluation system for realizing the on-orbit real-time capacity evaluation method of the spacecraft lithium ion storage battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises ground charging and discharging equipment and a capacity evaluation unit;
the ground charging and discharging equipment uses a lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch as the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack to carry out a charging and discharging experiment under different temperatures and different charging and discharging multiplying factors, and establishes a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack of the same batch;
the capacity evaluation unit telemeters and reads telemetering data of real-time temperature, group voltage and charge and discharge current of the on-track state of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack, and inquires a reference capacity matrix of the lithium ion storage battery pack in the same batch according to the on-track real-time temperature, the group voltage and the charge and discharge current telemetering data of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack according to different on-track states of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack to obtain the on-track real-time capacity of the positive sample lithium ion storage battery pack.
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