CN111473086A - Air spring provided with pressure relief emergency device - Google Patents
Air spring provided with pressure relief emergency device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111473086A CN111473086A CN202010186853.4A CN202010186853A CN111473086A CN 111473086 A CN111473086 A CN 111473086A CN 202010186853 A CN202010186853 A CN 202010186853A CN 111473086 A CN111473086 A CN 111473086A
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- spring
- pressure
- push rod
- air
- hanging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/005—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/007—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/26—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
Abstract
The invention discloses an air spring provided with a pressure relief emergency device, which comprises an upper drum-shaped air pressure spring and a lower drum-shaped auxiliary spring, wherein the air pressure spring comprises a cover plate at the top and a cylindrical flexible membrane body with an upper port and a lower port, the upper port of the flexible membrane body is fixedly connected with the cover plate in a sealing way, the lower port is connected with the periphery of the upper part of the auxiliary spring in a self-sealing way, and the top end of the auxiliary spring is also provided with an elastic jacking mechanism and a maintaining and triggering mechanism of the elastic jacking mechanism; the elastic jacking mechanism comprises a carrying cup arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring, an elastic part arranged on the carrying cup and a supporting plate pressed on the elastic part; when the gas spring works normally, the supporting plate presses the elastic part to enable the elastic part to be in a compressed state and to be maintained by the maintaining and triggering mechanism; when the air pressure spring suddenly loses air and loses pressure, the trigger mechanism is maintained to immediately release the compressed elastic part, so that the supporting plate is propped against the cover plate of the air pressure spring to bear the damping task. Has the advantages that: when the air spring loses air and loses pressure, the pressure relief emergency device can ensure that the train continues to run stably.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an air spring in a secondary suspension of a train bogie, in particular to an air spring provided with a pressure relief emergency device, and belongs to the technical field of rail transit.
Background
In the secondary suspension of the train bogie, one type of air spring is provided with an auxiliary spring besides a rubber bag air compression spring. The auxiliary spring is formed by vulcanizing and solidifying a rubber body and a plurality of layers of metal clapboards which are spaced from the rubber body, and has elasticity meeting the design requirement and variable rigidity. The air pressure spring and the auxiliary spring are arranged in series from top to bottom. In the air spring, the auxiliary spring has the functions of providing a basic support with a compression stroke for the air spring and replacing the air pressure spring to undertake emergency shock absorption in the running process when the air pressure spring has no air failure so as to ensure the running safety of a train before the maintenance or replacement of the air spring.
In the prior art, because the air spring of the air spring is positioned between the bottom of the train carriage and the auxiliary spring, the spacing distance between the bottom of the train carriage and the auxiliary spring has the air pressure space height of about 20-40 mm in addition to the thickness of the top plate of the air spring. Under normal conditions, in order to ensure that the air spring has the optimal rigidity-changing damping compression stroke, the rigidity-changing damping compression stroke of the air pressure spring is lower than the height of the air pressure space, namely the lower bottom of the train carriage cannot directly act with the auxiliary spring to bear force. However, when the gas spring is not gas-dead, the train car must sink, and the auxiliary spring applies force to the train car after contacting the auxiliary spring. Because the bogie has two air springs, the left air spring and the right air spring are respectively arranged, one end of a train carriage is pressed on the two air springs, when the pressure of the air spring of one air spring is released by accident and is air-free, the air spring of the other side is also released by a differential pressure valve in an air source pipeline, and in the moment of pressure release, the left side and the right side are briefly unbalanced, so that risks are brought to train operation. And because the rigidity of the auxiliary spring is far greater than the rigidity of the air spring system in an inflated state, after the air bag releases the pressure, the auxiliary spring plays a role in vibration reduction alone, the vibration reduction effect is poor, and the riding comfort is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are mainly as follows: when the air pressure spring of the air spring is unexpectedly decompressed and is not air-free, the prior art can not enable the auxiliary spring to support the box body of the train carriage at the height before the air pressure spring is unexpectedly decompressed.
Aiming at the problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
an air spring provided with a pressure relief emergency device comprises an air pressure spring at the upper part and an auxiliary spring at the lower part, wherein the air pressure spring comprises a cover plate at the top and a cylindrical flexible membrane body with an upper port and a lower port, the upper port of the flexible membrane body is fixedly connected with the cover plate in a sealing way, the lower port is connected with the top end of the auxiliary spring in a self-sealing way, so that an inflation space of the air pressure spring is formed among the cover plate, the flexible membrane body and the auxiliary spring, and a maintaining trigger mechanism of an elastic jacking mechanism and an elastic jacking mechanism is further arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring and positioned in the inflation space; when the air pressure spring works normally, the elastic jacking mechanism is in a compressed state, and the maintaining and triggering mechanism maintains the compressed state of the elastic jacking mechanism, and gaps are reserved between the elastic jacking mechanism and the cover plate and between the maintaining and triggering mechanism and the cover plate; when the pressure spring is suddenly released, the cover plate can fall downwards, the trigger mechanism is maintained to release the compressed elastic jacking mechanism immediately at the moment, and the elastic jacking mechanism upwards jacks the cover plate which supports the pressure spring to enable the cover plate to ascend to return to the original height.
Furthermore, the elastic jacking mechanism comprises a carrying cup which is arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring and is provided with an upward opening, an elastic part arranged in the carrying cup and a supporting plate pressed on the elastic part; the upper part of the carrying cup is a cylindrical section, and a cylindrical space is arranged in the carrying cup; the lower part is a conical section with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a frustum space with a frustum shape of an inner conical surface is arranged in the conical section.
Furthermore, the elastic component arranged in the carrying cup is a spring group formed by sleeving an inner pressure spring and an outer pressure spring, and the inner pressure spring is provided with a cylindrical inner space communicated up and down; the upper part of the inner conical surface of the carrying cup is provided with a horizontally placed annular spring cushion table, and the lower end of the spring group is pressed on the spring cushion table.
Furthermore, the spring pad platform is in a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the outer conical surface of the spring pad platform is attached to the inner conical surface of the carrying cup; the spring cushion table is provided with an outer table surface for placing an outer pressure spring and an inner table surface for placing an inner pressure spring, and the height of the inner table surface is lower than that of the outer table surface.
Furthermore, a round hole is formed in the center of the supporting plate, and the aperture of the round hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner pressure spring; the lower bottom surface of the supporting plate is also provided with a cylindrical guide sleeve which is sleeved on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical section at the upper part of the carrying cup and can slide up and down on the peripheral surface.
Furthermore, the maintaining and triggering mechanism comprises a pressing and hanging assembly and a touch control assembly, wherein the pressing and hanging assembly is provided with a sleeve, a side pressing hanging buckle and an inverted hanging ring; the sleeve is sleeved in the cylindrical space of the inner pressure spring and can slide up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve is sleeved in a round hole in the center of the supporting plate and is fixedly connected with the tray; the inverted hanging ring is horizontally and fixedly connected to the inner conical surface of the carrying cup below the spring cushion table, and a reserved space of a frustum space is arranged below the inverted hanging ring; the lateral pressure hanging buckle is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve, the spring group compressed by the supporting plate is hung on the inverted hanging ring through the sleeve by the lateral pressure hanging buckle, the lateral pressure hanging buckle is controlled by the touch control assembly, and the spring group is kept in a compressed state when the air pressure spring works normally.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the inverted hanging ring is an inverted fine dried noodle, and the inverted fine dried noodle is in an inner conical surface shape with an upper part being contracted and a lower part being expanded; the upper part is provided with a shaft hole inserted with the rotating shaft, the two sides below the shaft hole are respectively provided with an inner control surface and an outer dried surface, the lower end of the sleeve is provided with 2-4 hanging buckle mounting positions with equal arc length, the sleeve is provided with the shaft hole for mounting the rotating shaft, and the side pressure hanging buckle is mounted on the hanging buckle mounting positions through the rotating shaft; when the side pressure hanging buckle is applied, the outer fine dried noodles of the side pressure hanging buckle are attached to the inverted fine dried noodles of the inverted hanging ring, and the inner control surface of the side pressure hanging buckle is vertical to the horizontal plane.
The touch control assembly comprises a cylindrical pressing cap, a push rod and a pressing control disc, wherein the upper part of the pressing cap is a section to be pressed, the pressing cap is arranged at the upper end of the push rod and is coaxial with the push rod, and the pressing control disc is coaxially fixedly connected with the push rod at the lower end of the push rod; the pressure cap is sleeved in the upper port of the sleeve, the push rod downwards penetrates through the sleeve, and the pressure control disc is positioned below the lower port of the sleeve; when the air pressure spring is in a normal air state, the supporting plate compresses the spring group, the touch control assembly is in a state to be triggered, the upper part of the pressure cap extends upwards from the upper port of the sleeve and is positioned above the supporting plate, and the peripheral surface of the pressure control disc radially outwards presses the lower end of the inner control surface of the side pressure hanging buckle and can slide downwards when being pressed downwards by the push rod.
Furthermore, a push rod hole is formed in the center of the lower end face of the pressing cap, downward stopping keys which are radially elastic and can be radially pressed into the push rod body are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the push rod, and each downward stopping key is provided with a downward stopping face; the upper end of the push rod is inserted into the push rod hole and limited by the hole wall of the push rod hole, the downward stop key is limited in the rod body of the push rod, and the press cap can be pulled upwards; a set axial distance is reserved between the downward stop surface and the end part of the upper end of the push rod, and the axial distance between the downward stop surface and the bottom end surface of the pressing cap is equal to the length of a section to be pressed on the upper part of the pressing cap; when the pressing cap is pulled upwards until the section to be pressed is completely positioned above the top surface of the supporting plate, the downward stopping key is popped up to prevent the pressing cap from sliding downwards along the push rod.
Furthermore, the top end face of the pressing cap is provided with an iron magnetic induction sheet fixed with the pressing cap, and a cover plate right above the iron magnetic induction sheet is provided with an electromagnetic coil.
Furthermore, the upper section of the push rod hole is an enlarged cylindrical stopping cavity, the top end of the push rod is fixedly provided with an upward stopping stop piece, the lower end surface of the upward stopping stop piece is an upward stopping surface, and the upward stopping stop piece slides up and down in the stopping cavity along with the push rod; the axial distance from the upward stop surface of the upward stop piece to the bottom surface of the stop cavity is larger than the axial distance from the downward stop surface of the downward stop key to the bottom end surface of the pressing cap.
The invention has the advantages that: when the air spring of the air spring suddenly loses air and pressure, the pressure relief emergency device can immediately respond, so that the auxiliary spring bears the train carriage with smaller rigidity to execute the task of supporting and damping the carriage, the train can continuously and stably run, and the device has riding comfort compared with the conventional device which only uses the conventional auxiliary spring to bear the supporting and damping.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air spring with a pressure relief emergency device according to the present invention, showing the emergency device in a state to be triggered;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air spring with a pressure relief emergency device according to the present invention, showing the emergency device in an initial installation state, with the spring set compressed, the air spring not yet inflated, and the pressure cap not in a position to be triggered;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air spring with a pressure relief emergency device according to the present invention; the figures show the emergency device in a triggered operating state;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the carrier cup, showing the position of the inverted hanging ring in the carrier cup;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a spring mattress pad;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a side press buckle;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a pallet, a sleeve, etc.;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a touch device;
FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing the structural relationship between the pressing cap, the push rod, the upward stopping piece and the downward stopping key, mainly illustrating the state when the pressing cap is not at the position to be triggered;
fig. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing the structural relationship among the pressing cap, the push rod, the upward stop piece and the downward stop key, and mainly shows the state when the pressing cap is at the position to be triggered and the downward stop key is ejected.
In the figure: 1. a gas pressure spring; 2. an auxiliary spring; 3. a support plate; 31. a circular hole; 32. a guide sleeve; 33. a wear plate; 4, carrying a cup; 41. a cylindrical space; 42. an inner conical surface; 43. a frustum space; 5. a spring cushion stage; 51. an outer table-top; 52. an inner table-board; 6. an inverted hanging ring; 61. pouring the fine dried noodles; 7. side pressing hanging buckles; 71. a rotating shaft; 72. an inner control surface; 73. externally drying the noodles; 8. a sleeve; 81. a hanging buckle mounting position; 9. pressing the cap; 91. a section to be pressed; 92. a push rod aperture; 93. a stopper cavity; 94. a magnetic induction sheet; 10. a spring set; 11. a push rod; 12. a pressure control panel; 13. a down stop key; 131. a downward stop surface; 14. a stop piece is upwards stopped; 141. an upward stop surface; 15. a cover plate; 16. an electromagnetic coil; 17. a flexible membrane.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in one step with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, an air spring provided with a pressure relief emergency device includes an air compression spring 1 of an upper drum shape and an auxiliary spring 2 of a lower drum shape; the pneumatic spring 1 comprises a cover plate 15 on the top and a cylindrical flexible membrane 17 (referred to as an air bag in the industry) with an upper port and a lower port, the upper port of the flexible membrane 17 is fixedly connected with the cover plate 15 in a sealing manner, the lower port is connected with the periphery of the upper part of the auxiliary spring 2 in a self-sealing manner, so that an inflation space of the pneumatic spring 1 is formed between the cover plate 15 and the auxiliary spring 2, and the upper end of the auxiliary spring 2 is enclosed in the inflation space of the pneumatic spring 1 by the flexible membrane 17. The auxiliary spring 2 is a rubber body with a plurality of layers of steel plates arranged at intervals, and the steel plates are vulcanized and bonded with the rubber body. The lower part of the auxiliary spring 2 is hollow and cylindrical, and the upper part of the auxiliary spring is tower-shaped and gradually shrunk upwards, but the top of the auxiliary spring is hourglass-shaped. The invention is provided with an elastic jacking mechanism and a maintaining and triggering mechanism of the elastic jacking mechanism at the top end of an auxiliary spring 2, wherein the elastic jacking mechanism comprises a carrying cup 4 arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring 2, an elastic part arranged on the carrying cup 4 and a supporting plate 3 pressed on the elastic part; when the gas pressure spring 1 works normally, the supporting plate 3 strongly presses the elastic part to enable the elastic part to be in a compressed state and to be maintained by the maintaining and triggering mechanism, and a gap of about 20-40 mm is formed between the elastic jacking mechanism and the maintaining and triggering mechanism and the cover plate 15, and the gap has the effect of ensuring that the cover plate 15 of the gas pressure spring cannot be contacted with the auxiliary spring 2 when the gas pressure spring meets the maximum amplitude, so that the supporting and vibration reducing functions of the gas pressure spring 1 are normally exerted; when the air compression spring 1 suddenly loses air and loses pressure, the maintaining trigger mechanism immediately releases the elastic component which is strongly compressed, so that the supporting plate 3 upwards pushes against the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring 1 to undertake supporting and damping tasks. In the prior art, a gap of about 20-40 mm is also formed between the top end of the auxiliary spring and the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring, and when the air compression spring 1 suddenly loses air and loses pressure, the auxiliary spring 2 can immediately ascend to meet the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring 1 to perform a supporting and damping task. However, since there is a gap of 20-40 mm between the top end of the auxiliary spring 2 and the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring 1, the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring 1 cannot obtain the same rigidity as that of the air compression spring 1 when the air compression spring 1 is normally inflated at the original height (only after the weight of the train carriage is reduced by about 20-40 mm). And the train has the risk of unbalance at the moment that the air spring on the other side of the same bogie reacts through the differential pressure valve. Through the elastic jacking mechanism provided by the invention, when the air pressure spring 1 suddenly loses air and loses pressure, the risk of unbalance of the air spring can be quickly eliminated, and meanwhile, after the air pressure spring completely loses pressure, the same riding comfort as that before losing pressure can be ensured.
Further improvements are as follows.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the opening of the carrying cup 4 is upward, and the upper part of the carrying cup is a cylindrical section which is internally provided with a cylindrical space 41; the lower part is a conical section with a large upper part and a small lower part, is sleeved in a funnel-shaped space with an hourglass-shaped recess at the top end of the auxiliary spring 2, and is fixedly connected with the rubber body of the auxiliary spring 2 in a vulcanization mode; within the conical section is a frustum-shaped frustum space 43 having an inner conical surface 42. This makes it possible to make full use of the funnel-shaped space of the hourglass-shaped recess at the top end of the auxiliary spring 2 for the relevant arrangement, which otherwise would not be possible for the majority of the arrangements according to the invention to have no space to accommodate.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the spring assembly 10, which is arranged in the carrying cup 4 and is formed by sleeving an internal compression spring and an external compression spring, wherein the internal compression spring has a cylindrical inner space which is communicated with each other up and down; the inner pressure spring and the outer pressure spring are both metal springs, and the metal springs cannot lose effectiveness after being compressed for a long time within the elastic limit; the spring package 10 can then achieve a greater stiffness than a single spring. Since the lower space of the cup carrier 4 is a frustum-shaped frustum space 43, and the inner wall of the frustum-shaped frustum space is an inclined inner conical surface 42, in order to enable the spring assembly 10 to be stably placed in the cup carrier 4, the upper part of the inner conical surface 42 of the cup carrier 4 is provided with a horizontally placed annular spring pad table 5, and the lower end of the spring assembly 10 is pressed on the spring pad table 5.
The spring cushion table 5 is in a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the outer conical surface of the spring cushion table is attached to the inner conical surface 42 of the carrying cup 4, so that the spring cushion table 5 can be stressed in a large area in a balanced manner; the spring cushion table 5 is provided with an outer table surface 51 for placing an external pressure spring and an inner table surface 52 for placing an internal pressure spring, and the height of the inner table surface 52 is lower than that of the outer table surface 51, so that the space in the cup can be more fully utilized.
As shown in fig. 4 and 8, a circular hole 31 is formed in the center of the supporting plate 3, and the aperture of the circular hole 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the internal compression spring; this is the position reserved for the subsequent setting of the maintenance triggering mechanism. The lower bottom surface of the supporting plate 3 is also provided with a cylindrical guide sleeve 32 which is sleeved on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical section at the upper part of the carrying cup 4 and can slide up and down on the peripheral surface; this allows the pallet 3 to be lifted vertically and smoothly.
A wearing plate 33 is arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate 3; the wear plate 33 is mainly used to prevent the pallet 3 from being worn when the cover plate 15 is in contact with the pallet 3.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the maintaining and triggering mechanism comprises a press-hanging component and a touch component, wherein the press-hanging component is provided with a sleeve 8, a side press-hanging buckle 7 and an inverted hanging ring 6; the sleeve 8 is sleeved in the cylindrical space of the inner pressure spring and can slide up and down, the upper end of the sleeve 8 is sleeved in the round hole 31 in the center of the supporting plate 3 and is fixedly connected with the supporting plate 3, and the port at the upper end of the sleeve 8 is not higher than the upper top surface of the supporting plate 3; the inverted hanging ring 6 is horizontally and fixedly connected to an inner conical surface 42 of the carrying cup 4 below the spring cushion table 5, or can be integrally formed with the carrying cup 4, and a reserved space of a frustum space 43 is arranged below the inverted hanging ring 6; the side pressure hanging buckle 7 is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve 8, the spring group 10 compressed by the supporting plate 3 is hung on the inverted hanging ring 6 through the sleeve 8 by the side pressure hanging buckle 7, the side pressure hanging buckle 7 is controlled by the touch control assembly, and the spring group 10 is kept in a compressed state when the gas spring 1 works normally. The arrangement is to enable the elastic jacking mechanism to be in a compressed state under normal conditions, so that the normal supporting and vibration damping functions of the air compression spring 1 are not influenced.
As shown in fig. 5, 7 and 8, the reverse hanging ring 6 is provided with a reverse hanging surface 61 below, and the reverse hanging surface 61 is in an inner conical surface shape with an upper part being contracted and a lower part being expanded; the upper part is provided with a shaft hole for inserting the rotating shaft 71, the two sides below the shaft hole are respectively provided with an inner control surface 72 and an outer hanging surface 73, the lower end of the sleeve 8 is provided with 2-4 hanging buckle mounting positions 81 with equal arc length, the lower hanging buckle mounting positions are provided with the shaft hole for mounting the rotating shaft 71, and the side pressure hanging buckle 7 is mounted on the hanging buckle mounting positions 81 through the rotating shaft 71; when the lateral pressure hanging buckle 7 is applied, the outer hanging surface 73 of the lateral pressure hanging buckle 7 is attached to the inverted hanging surface 61 of the inverted hanging ring 6, and the inner control surface 72 of the lateral pressure hanging buckle 7 is vertical to the horizontal plane. Above-mentioned setting will be firstly guaranteed that side pressure is hung and is detained 7 and can hang on overhead loop 6 under the powerful tensile effect of kick-backing of spring assembly, will be secondly guaranteed that the trigger assembly can unhook smoothly.
As shown in fig. 3, 9, 10, and 11, the touch control assembly includes a cylindrical pressing cap 9, a push rod 11, and a pressing control disc 12, wherein the upper portion of the pressing cap 9 is a section 91 to be pressed, the pressing cap 9 is installed at the upper end of the push rod 11 and is coaxial with the push rod 11, and the pressing control disc 12 is coaxially fixed with the push rod 11 at the lower end of the push rod 11; the pressure cap 9 is sleeved in the upper port of the sleeve 8, the push rod 11 downwards penetrates through the inner space of the sleeve 8, and the pressure control disc 12 is positioned below the lower port of the sleeve 8; when the air pressure spring 1 is in a normal condition with air, the supporting plate 3 compresses the spring group 10, the touch control assembly is in a state to be triggered, the section 91 to be pressed on the upper portion of the pressing cap 9 extends upwards from the upper end opening of the sleeve 8 and is located above the supporting plate 3, and the outer peripheral surface of the pressing control disc 12 radially outwards presses the lower end of the inner control surface 72 of the side pressing hanging buckle 7 and can slide downwards when being pressed downwards by the push rod 11. When the pneumatic spring 1 loses pressure due to air leakage, the cover plate 15 falls down under the heavy pressure of a carriage to press the press cap 9 down, the push rod 11 pushes the press control disc 12, so that the press control disc 12 slides downwards from the inner control surface 72 of each side press hanging buckle 7, and the side press hanging buckles 7 turn inwards to unhook the sleeve 8 around the respective rotating shafts 71 under the action of strong rebound tension of the spring groups, thereby playing the trigger function of the trigger assembly.
As shown in fig. 2, 10, 12 and 13, the center of the lower end surface of the pressing cap 9 is provided with a push rod hole 92, two sides of the upper end of the push rod are provided with downward stop keys 13 which have radial elasticity and can be radially pressed into the rod body of the push rod 11, and the downward stop keys 13 are provided with downward stop surfaces 131; the upper end of the push rod 11 is inserted into the push rod hole 92 and limited by the hole wall of the push rod hole 92, the downward stop key 13 is limited in the rod body of the push rod 11, and the press cap 9 can be pulled upwards; a set axial distance is reserved between the downward stop surface 131 and the upper end of the push rod 11, and the axial distance between the downward stop surface 131 and the bottom end surface of the pressing cap 9 is equal to the length of the upper section to be pressed 91 of the pressing cap 9; when the pressing cap 9 is pulled upwards until the section 91 to be pressed is completely positioned above the top surface of the supporting plate 3, the downward stop key 13 is popped up to prevent the pressing cap 9 from sliding downwards along the push rod 11. This is because in practical application, the uninflated air spring is mounted on the bogie, and then the train falls, that is, the train carriage is pressed on the cover plate 15 of the air compression spring 1 of the air spring. Because the air pressure spring 1 is not inflated yet, the cover plate 15 of the air pressure spring 1 is directly pressed on the supporting plate 3 of the elastic jacking mechanism, so that the section 91 to be pressed on the upper part of the pressing cap 9 cannot be extended above the supporting plate 3 in advance, namely the section 91 to be pressed on the pressing cap 9 is extended above the supporting plate 3 in advance, and can be pressed back to the sleeve 8 in the center of the supporting plate 3 by the weight of the carriage. The arrangement is that after the carriage is settled, the pressure spring 1 is inflated, and then the pressure cap 9 is lifted to the downward stop key 13 to pop up and position, so that the section 91 of the pressure cap 9 to be pressed extends to the upper part of the supporting plate 3 to be in a state to be pressed.
The top end face of the pressing cap 9 is provided with an iron magnetic induction sheet 94 fixed with the pressing cap 9, and the cover plate 15 right above the iron magnetic induction sheet 94 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 16. Because the elastic jacking mechanisms are all positioned in the closed space of the air pressure spring, the pressing cap 9 cannot be directly pulled up by hands and a mechanical mechanism, and by adopting the arrangement, the electromagnetic coil 16 is electrified to generate a strong magnetic field, and the pressing cap 9 is lifted up to be positioned by generating suction force on the magnetic induction sheet 94. The function of the electromagnetic coil 16 is just the instant of energization, and no power is used again after the passage.
The upper section of the push rod hole 92 is an enlarged cylindrical stopping cavity 93, the top end of the push rod 11 is fixedly provided with an upward-facing upper stopping piece 14, the lower end surface of the upward-facing upper stopping piece 14 is an upward stopping surface 141, and the upward-facing upper stopping piece 14 slides up and down in the stopping cavity 93 along with the push rod; the axial distance from the upward stop surface 141 of the upward stop piece 14 to the bottom surface of the stop cavity 93 is greater than the axial distance from the downward stop surface 131 of the downward stop key 13 to the bottom end surface of the push cap 9. Obviously, this is provided to prevent the press cap 9 from being lifted to an excessively high position by the suction force of the electromagnetic coil 16.
It is clear that the above-described embodiments are only intended to illustrate the invention more clearly and are not to be considered as limiting the scope of protection covered by the invention, any modification of equivalent forms being considered as falling within the scope of protection covered by the invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a set up pressure release emergency device's air spring, auxiliary spring (2) including gas pressure spring (1) and the lower part on upper portion, gas pressure spring (1) include apron (15) at top and have the tube-shape of last port and lower port around nature membrane body (17), the last port and apron (15) of around nature membrane body (17) seal the rigid coupling, the top self sealedly of lower port and auxiliary spring (2) is connected, make apron (15), around the inflation space that forms gas pressure spring (1) between nature membrane body (17) and auxiliary spring (2), its characterized in that: an elastic jacking mechanism and a maintaining and triggering mechanism of the elastic jacking mechanism are also arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring (2) and positioned in the inflation space; when the air pressure spring (1) works normally, the elastic jacking mechanism is in a compressed state and the maintaining and triggering mechanism maintains the compressed state of the elastic jacking mechanism, and gaps are reserved between the elastic jacking mechanism and the maintaining and triggering mechanism and the cover plate (15); when the air pressure spring (1) is suddenly released and loses pressure, the cover plate (15) can fall downwards, the trigger mechanism is maintained to release the compressed elastic jacking mechanism immediately at the moment, and the elastic jacking mechanism upwards jacks the cover plate (15) which supports the air pressure spring (1) to enable the cover plate (15) to ascend to return to the original height.
2. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 1, wherein: the elastic jacking mechanism comprises a carrying cup (4) which is arranged at the top end of the auxiliary spring and is provided with an upward opening, an elastic part arranged in the carrying cup (4) and a supporting plate (3) pressed on the elastic part; the upper part of the carrying cup (4) is a cylindrical section, and a cylindrical space (41) is arranged in the cylindrical section; the lower part is a conical section with a large upper part and a small lower part, and a frustum space (43) with a frustum shape and an inner conical surface (42) is arranged in the conical section.
3. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 2, wherein: the elastic component arranged in the carrying cup (4) is a spring group (10) formed by sleeving an inner pressure spring and an outer pressure spring, and the inner pressure spring is provided with a cylindrical inner space communicated up and down; the upper part of the inner conical surface (42) of the carrying cup (4) is provided with a horizontally placed annular spring cushion table (5), and the lower end of the spring group (10) is pressed on the spring cushion table (5).
4. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 3, wherein: the spring pad table (5) is in a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the outer conical surface of the spring pad table is attached to the inner conical surface (42) of the carrying cup (4); the spring cushion table (5) is provided with an outer table surface (51) for placing an outer pressure spring and an inner table surface (52) for placing an inner pressure spring, and the height of the inner table surface (52) is lower than that of the outer table surface (51).
5. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 3, wherein: a round hole (31) is formed in the center of the supporting plate (3), and the aperture of the round hole (31) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner pressure spring; the lower bottom surface of the supporting plate (3) is also provided with a cylindrical guide sleeve (32) which is sleeved on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical section at the upper part of the carrying cup (4) and can slide up and down on the peripheral surface.
6. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 5, wherein: the maintaining and triggering mechanism comprises a press hanging component and a touch control component, wherein the press hanging component is provided with a sleeve (8), a side press hanging buckle (7) and an inverted hanging ring (6); the sleeve (8) is sleeved in the cylindrical space of the inner pressure spring and can slide up and down, and the upper end of the sleeve (8) is sleeved in a round hole (31) in the center of the supporting plate (3) and fixedly connected with the tray; the inverted hanging ring (6) is horizontally and fixedly connected to an inner conical surface (42) of the carrying cup (4) below the spring cushion table (5), and a reserved space of a frustum space (43) is arranged below the inverted hanging ring (6); the lateral pressure hanging buckle (7) is arranged at the lower end of the sleeve (8), the spring set (10) compressed by the supporting plate (3) is hung on the inverted hanging ring (6) through the sleeve (8) through the lateral pressure hanging buckle (7), the lateral pressure hanging buckle (7) is controlled by the touch control assembly, and the spring set (10) is kept in a compressed state when the air compression spring (1) works normally.
7. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 6, wherein: the lower surface of the inverted hanging ring (6) is an inverted hanging surface (61), and the inverted hanging surface (61) is in an inner conical surface shape with an upper part contracted and a lower part expanded; the upper part is provided with a shaft hole for inserting the rotating shaft (71), the two sides below the shaft hole are respectively provided with an inner control surface (72) and an outer hanging surface (73), the lower end of the sleeve (8) is provided with 2-4 hanging buckle mounting positions (81) with equal arc length, the hanging buckle mounting positions are provided with the shaft hole for mounting the rotating shaft (71), and the side pressing hanging buckle (7) is mounted on the hanging buckle mounting positions (81) through the rotating shaft (71); when the lateral pressure hanging buckle is applied, the outer hanging surface (73) of the lateral pressure hanging buckle (7) is attached to the inverted hanging surface (61) of the inverted hanging ring (6), and the inner control surface (72) of the lateral pressure hanging buckle (7) is vertical to the horizontal plane.
8. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 7, wherein: the touch control assembly comprises a cylindrical pressing cap (9), a push rod (11) and a pressure control disc (12), wherein the upper part of the pressing cap (9) is a section to be pressed (91), the pressing cap (9) is installed at the upper end of the push rod (11) and is coaxial with the push rod (11), and the pressure control disc (12) is fixedly connected with the push rod (11) at the lower end of the push rod (11) and is coaxial with the push rod (11); the pressure cap (9) is sleeved in the upper port of the sleeve (8), the push rod (11) downwards penetrates through the sleeve (8), and the pressure control disc (12) is positioned below the lower port of the sleeve (8); when the air pressure spring (1) is in an air normal condition, the supporting plate (3) compresses the spring group (10), the touch control assembly is in a state to be triggered, the upper part of the pressure cap (9) extends upwards from the upper end opening of the sleeve (8) and is positioned above the supporting plate (3), and the peripheral surface of the pressure control disc (12) radially outwards presses the lower end of the inner control surface (72) of the side pressure hanging buckle (7) and can slide downwards when being pressed downwards by the push rod (11).
9. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 8, wherein: a push rod hole (92) is formed in the center of the lower end face of the pressing cap (9), downward stopping keys (13) which are elastic in the radial direction and can be pressed into the rod body of the push rod (11) are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the push rod, and the downward stopping keys (13) are provided with downward stopping faces (131); the upper end of the push rod (11) is inserted into the push rod hole (92) and limited by the hole wall of the push rod hole (92), the downward stop key (13) is limited in the rod body of the push rod (11), and the press cap (9) can be pulled upwards; a set axial distance is reserved between the downward stop surface (131) and the upper end part of the push rod (11), and the axial distance between the downward stop surface (131) and the bottom end surface of the pressing cap (9) is equal to the length of a section (91) to be pressed on the upper part of the pressing cap (9); when the pressing cap (9) is pulled upwards until the section (91) to be pressed is completely positioned above the top surface of the supporting plate (3), the downward stop key (13) pops up to prevent the pressing cap (9) from sliding downwards along the push rod (11).
10. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 9, wherein: an iron magnetic induction sheet (94) fixed with the pressing cap (9) is arranged on the top end face of the pressing cap (9), and an electromagnetic coil (16) is arranged on a cover plate (15) right above the iron magnetic induction sheet (94).
11. The air spring with pressure relief emergency device according to claim 9, wherein: the upper section of the push rod hole (92) is an enlarged cylindrical stopping cavity (93), the top end of the push rod (11) is fixedly provided with an upward stopping piece (14), the lower end surface of the upward stopping piece (14) is an upward stopping surface (141), and the upward stopping piece (14) slides up and down in the stopping cavity (93) along with the push rod; the axial distance from the upward stop surface (141) of the upward stop piece (14) to the bottom surface of the stop cavity (93) is larger than the axial distance from the downward stop surface (131) of the downward stop key (13) to the bottom end surface of the press cap (9).
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| CN202010186853.4A CN111473086B (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Air spring provided with pressure relief emergency device |
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| CN202010186853.4A CN111473086B (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2020-03-17 | Air spring provided with pressure relief emergency device |
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| CN113815158A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-21 | 株洲时代瑞唯减振装备有限公司 | Large-curved-bag air spring air bag vulcanization mold and method |
| CN113847381A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | 东台市海迅铁路配件有限公司 | Be applied to rubber isolator structure of railway rails buffering train vibration |
| CN113969956A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-25 | 湖南弘辉科技有限公司 | Method for improving transverse stability of air spring |
| CN114148133A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-03-08 | 河北卡玛液压机械有限公司 | Air bag support of air suspension system |
| CN114635941A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-06-17 | 宁波帅元电声元件有限公司 | Multistage buffering formula bumper shock absorber support |
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