CN111472571A - Soil relic reinforcing anchor rod and using method thereof - Google Patents
Soil relic reinforcing anchor rod and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111472571A CN111472571A CN202010385977.5A CN202010385977A CN111472571A CN 111472571 A CN111472571 A CN 111472571A CN 202010385977 A CN202010385977 A CN 202010385977A CN 111472571 A CN111472571 A CN 111472571A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
- E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
- E04G23/0218—Increasing or restoring the load-bearing capacity of building construction elements
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil relic reinforcing anchor rod and a using method thereof, wherein the reinforcing anchor rod comprises a pull rod, a sleeve rod is sleeved outside the pull rod, and a reinforcing structure is arranged at the end part of the pull rod; the reinforced structure comprises an assembling plate and a pressure-bearing platform, the pressure-bearing platform is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod, and the assembling plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing platform. The cross plate of the invention makes full use of the confining pressure of slurry and the site body in the drawing process of the anchor rod, greatly improves the anchoring force of the anchor rod and can resist large deformation performance; the compressive strength slurry is segmented from inside to outside, so that a progressive force transmission mechanism of the anchor rod is fully exerted, the displacement condition of the anchor rod in different body sections is improved, and the uniform stress of a rod body-slurry interface is facilitated. The invention has simple operation and convenient installation, the anchoring performance and the anchoring mechanism more accord with the protection and reinforcement concept of the earthen site, and the performance of the traditional earthen site anchoring system can be fully improved; simple manufacture, low cost, convenient maintenance and wide application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of earthen site reinforcement engineering practice and experimental research, in particular to an earthen site reinforcement anchor rod and a using method thereof.
Background
The earthen site is a cultural heritage taking soil as a main building material, is a direct physical evidence of the civilized origin and derivation of human beings, is also an important historical root vein of excellent traditional culture, and has great historical, artistic and scientific values. Earthen sites have a great deal of heritage in major arid regions of asia, africa, north america, south america and the middle east, and their types are quite abundant. For example, the great wall from the Qin generation to the Ming generation along the arid environment and silk road in China, the affiliated buildings, and the temple sites and ancient cities in different historical periods are all representatives of the earthen sites. However, the disease which directly or indirectly causes the destabilization and destruction of the earthen site such as collapse, crack and undercut develops widely when the soil is subjected to a plurality of natural forces such as wind erosion, rain erosion, freeze thawing and earthquake and human activities for a long time, and becomes the first problem endangering the safe preservation of the earthen site.
The protection of the earthen archaeological site follows the protection concept of 'minimum intervention and maximum compatibility'. The anchoring technology has the characteristics of weak disturbance, strong concealment, high anchoring force and the like, and is widely applied to the field of stability control of the earthen site. The anchoring technology is applied to the practice of protecting and reinforcing the earthen site from the 90 s of the 20 th century, the development process is short, and the corresponding theoretical development is delayed. Rod materials and slurry materials commonly used in the traditional geotechnical engineering, such as metal anchor rods, cement mortar, resin slurry and the like, cannot be applied to anchoring of earthen sites due to incompatibility of physical and mechanical properties with the earthen sites and insufficient durability.
Currently, studies on anchoring of earthen sites focus on the aspects of type selection of anchoring materials, optimization of anchoring process, macroscopic anchoring performance and the like. The main disadvantages of the common full-length bonding tension anchoring system for anchoring the earthen site are as follows:
① in order to achieve excellent anchoring performance of the earthen site, natural wooden rods are often preferred for anchoring the earthen site because of the compatibility of physical and mechanical indexes with the earthen site.
② the existing common damage mode of the earthen site anchoring system is debonding and decoupling of a rod body-slurry interface, which reveals that the occlusion friction effect between the rod and the slurry is weak, the shear strength of the slurry is more depended on, and the compression resistance of the slurry is not fully utilized.
③ additionally, the progressive transmission mechanism of the rod-slurry interface stresses and the form of the interface stress distribution along the exponential decay of the rod-slurry interface indicates that the bolt provides only a small pullout resistance at a distance from the anchor head.
④ the existing earthen site anchoring system has the phenomenon of effective anchoring length, within the effective anchoring length, if a larger anchoring force is needed, the anchoring length can only be increased, however, the longer the anchoring length, the larger the irreversible damage to the earthen site.
⑤ the load-displacement curve of the drawing test of the current earthen site anchoring system indicates that the anchoring load of the earthen site anchoring system reaches the peak value under smaller displacement, the load drops suddenly after the peak and the residual strength is smaller, which shows that the current earthen site anchoring system has insufficient large deformation resistance and insufficient stability control capability under the requirement of earthen site anti-seismic.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the development goals of small damage, high anchoring force and large deformation resistance which need to be improved in an earthen site anchoring system, the invention provides the earthen site reinforcing anchor rod and the use method thereof, so that the meshing effect between the rod body and the slurry is increased, the compressive property of the slurry and the earthen site soil body is fully utilized, and a larger continuous anchoring force is provided under the condition of less damage to the earthen site.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a soil relic reinforcing anchor rod comprises a pull rod, wherein a sleeve rod is sleeved outside the pull rod, and a reinforcing structure is arranged at the end part of the pull rod; the reinforced structure comprises an assembling plate and a pressure-bearing platform, the pressure-bearing platform is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod, and the assembling plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing platform. The anchoring performance of the anchor rod and the earthen site can be improved through the matching of the assembling plate and the pressure-bearing platform.
Furthermore, the assembling plate is a Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate, the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate comprises a side plate and a middle plate, the side plate and the middle plate are clamped, the side plate and the middle plate are both sleeved on the loop bar, and the side plate and the middle plate are both detachably connected with the pressure-bearing platform; the side plate comprises a side plate body and a side plate hole, and the side plate hole is arranged in the center of the side plate body; the middle plate comprises a middle wing plate and a middle plate hole, the middle plate hole is formed in the center of the middle wing plate, and the middle plate hole corresponds to the side plate holes and is sleeved on the loop bar. The steel plate can be unfolded into a Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate and fixed at the bottom of the anchor rod through assembly, so that the pressure resistance can be increased.
Furthermore, the outer circumference of the side plate hole is provided with a side groove, the outer circumference of the middle plate hole is provided with a middle groove, and the middle groove is clamped in the side groove. The assembling, splicing and consolidation of the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate can be realized through the clamping connection of the side groove and the middle groove.
Furthermore, the number of the sleeve rods is at least two, an occlusion table is arranged between the sleeve rods, and the occlusion table is fixed on the pull rod through a frustum lock; and the pressure bearing table is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod through a frustum lock. The occlusion platform can prevent the anchor rod from being pulled out, and increases the occlusion effect with the slurry. The bearing platform is fixed through the frustum lock, and the reaction with the bearing platform is realized when outwards pulling to make the better setting of rice word board in the bottom of anchor eye.
Furthermore, a rod penetrating hole is formed in the center of the sleeve rod, a step is arranged on the inner wall of the rod penetrating hole, and a through hole communicated with the outside is formed in the rod penetrating hole; the steps comprise a first step, a second step and a third step, the diameters of the rod penetrating holes where the first step, the second step and the third step are located are sequentially increased, and through holes are formed in the first step, the second step and the third step. The through hole can be used for injecting a binder into the rod penetrating hole, so that the sleeve rod and the pull rod are fixed, the step is arranged, the contact area of the sleeve rod and the pull rod can be increased, and the connection stability between the pull rod and the sleeve rod is improved.
Furthermore, the occlusion table comprises a table base, a base pad, a taper hole and a universal groove, the base pad is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the table base, the taper hole matched with the lock of the frustum is formed in the middle of the table base and the base pad, and the universal groove is formed in the base pad; and side ribs are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the table base and the base pad. The square plate is convenient to adjust through the universal groove, and the twisting of the pulp and the anchor hole is increased by the occlusion table.
Furthermore, the pressure bearing table comprises a base body, a ring pad, a frustum hole and a triangular solid, the ring pad is fixed at the bottom of the base body, the triangular solid is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the ring pad, and the triangular solid is matched with a side plate and a middle plate of the assembly plate; the middle parts of the base body and the ring pad are provided with frustum holes matched with the frustum lock; the outer sides of the base body and the ring pad are fixedly provided with vertical ridges, and the distribution of the vertical ridges corresponds to the distribution of the side plates and the middle plate of the assembling plate along the circumference. The bearing platform acts on the acting force extending out of the cross plate to the pull rod, so that the anchoring of the anchor rod is realized.
Furthermore, the elastic modulus of the sleeve rod material is smaller than that of the pull rod material; the length of the side plate and the middle plate is equal to 2-5 times of the diameter of the anchor hole; the diameter of the section of a base pad of the occlusion table is equal to 2/3-1 times of the diameter of an anchor hole; the diameter of the section of the ring pad of the pressure bearing platform is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole.
A use method of the soil ruins reinforcing anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step one, gluing a loop bar on a pull rod:
the pull rod penetrates through the rod penetrating hole of the sleeve rod, so that the axis of the sleeve rod is collinear with the axis of the pull rod, and the rod penetrating hole is sealed by injecting adhesive into the sleeve rod through the through hole in the sleeve rod; maintaining the adhesive between the sleeve rod and the pull rod until the adhesive between the pull rod and the sleeve rod reaches the preset adhesive strength;
step two, mounting the Chinese character 'mi' plate and the pressure bearing platform:
aligning the side grooves of the side plates of the Chinese character mi plates with the middle groove of the middle plate, and then sleeving the side plates, the middle plate and the side plates of the Chinese character mi plates on the loop bars in sequence; coating an adhesive on the inner wall of a frustum hole of the pressure bearing platform and gluing the adhesive on the frustum lock, coating the adhesive on the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock, gluing the frustum lock on the pull rod, and curing the surfaces coated with the adhesive until the preset strength of the adhesive is achieved;
step three, laying a prefabricated anchor rod in the anchor hole:
inclining the side plates and the middle plate on the loop bar, and inserting the side plates and the middle plate into a preset position in the anchor hole along with the loop bar; assembling the side plates and the middle plate at the bottom of the anchor hole into a Chinese character 'mi' plate by using a long rod, placing the side plates and the middle plate which are adjacently fixed through the side grooves and the middle grooves at the bottom of the anchor hole in a triangular fixture of a pressure bearing platform;
step four, injecting grout with different strength grades into the segmented anchoring section:
inserting a grouting pipe into the anchor hole, injecting the grout in contact with the Mi-shaped plate into the grout with the maximum compressive strength, sequentially decreasing the compressive strength of the grout from the Mi-shaped plate to the outlet of the anchor hole, and matching a section of loop bar with the grout with one strength; maintaining the slurry to reach a preset strength;
step five, mounting an anchor head: applying a pre-stress drawing force of 1-3 kN to the anchor rod, and installing an anchor head at the extending end part of the pull rod.
In the first step, the method for injecting the adhesive into the sleeve rod to seal the rod penetrating hole comprises the following steps: injecting a binder into the through hole on the second step of the loop bar to seal the through hole at the two ends of the loop bar, and stopping injecting the binder when the binder overflows from the through holes of the first step and the third step of the loop bar;
after the loop bar in the first step is glued on the pull rod, adding an occlusion table fixedly connected on the pull rod: coating an adhesive on the inner wall of the taper hole of the occlusion table, enabling the pull rod to penetrate through the taper hole, coating an adhesive on the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock, installing the adhesive on the pull rod, adhering the taper hole of the occlusion table to the frustum lock, and maintaining the adhesive-coated surfaces until the strength of the adhesive is reached; and in the third step, the long rod and the grouting pipe in the fourth step extend into the bottom of the anchor hole through the universal groove of the occlusion table.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
a. the invention designs a loop bar, and the loop bar material selects a bar material which is most compatible with the physical mechanics of the earthen site as a middle transition layer of the pull rod and the slurry material physical mechanics index.
b. The invention designs the occlusion table, the use of the occlusion table increases the occlusion friction between the rod body and the slurry, fully utilizes the shear strength and the compressive strength of the slurry, and increases the anti-pulling performance of the middle section and the rear section of the anchor rod.
c. The invention designs the cross plate with the reinforced structure, so that the anchor rod fully utilizes the confining pressure of slurry and the site body in the drawing process, and the anchoring force of the anchor rod can be greatly improved to resist large deformation; simultaneously the rice word board is the equipment board, but make full use of the thinner anchor eye space in front end stretches into the hole bottom, assembles into the rice word board at the hole bottom, and the independent detachable construction of the sideboard of rice word board and medium plate and can insert the anchor eye bottom along with the loop bar slope, assembles the mode of the rice word board of monoblock structure at the anchor eye bottom, has reduced the drilling damage to the earthen ruins body, furthest's protection earthen ruins.
d. The use method of the invention considers the progressive force transmission mechanism of the anchor rod and provides a method for grouting by dividing the compressive strength from inside to outside in a segmented manner, so that the compressive strength of grout at the far end close to the anchor head is gradually increased, the arrangement mode can realize that the rod body at the front section of the anchoring length generates relatively large displacement and the rod body at the middle and rear sections of the anchoring length generates relatively small displacement, thereby fully improving the displacement condition of the anchor rod in different anchoring sections, being beneficial to uniform stress of rod body-grout interfaces and greatly improving the performance of an anchoring system.
e. The invention has simple operation and convenient installation, and each structure can be independently used based on the combination of the pull rod and the loop bar and can also be combined and matched for use.
f. The anchoring performance and anchoring mechanism of the invention are more in line with the protection and reinforcement concept of the earthen site, and the invention is provided based on the characteristics of small damage, high anchoring force and large deformation resistance of the earthen site anchoring, and can fully improve the performance of the traditional earthen site anchoring system.
g. The design of the invention takes the requirements of scientific research experiment and construction production into consideration, so that the whole set of device is simple to manufacture, low in manufacturing cost and convenient to maintain, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the site body of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tie bar of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a loop bar of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of fig. 4 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of a loop bar of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side view of the bite block of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a bottom view of fig. 7 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a side view of the pressure bearing table of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 9 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a bottom view of fig. 9 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the side plate of the Chinese character mi-shaped plate of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a top view of fig. 12 in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 14 is a side view of an edge panel of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of a middle plate of a cross plate according to the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a top view of fig. 15 in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a side view of a plate of the present invention.
Fig. 18 is a combination view of the Mi-shaped board of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a right side view of fig. 2 of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a pull rod, 11 is a threaded rod, 12 is a frustum lock, 2 is a sleeve rod, 21 is a first step, 22 is a second step, 23 is a third step, 24 is a through hole, 25 is a rod penetrating hole, 3 is an engagement platform, 31 is a platform base, 32 is a side rib, 33 is a base pad, 34 is a taper hole, 35 is a universal groove, 4 is a pressure bearing platform, 41 is a base body, 42 is a vertical ridge, 43 is a ring pad, 44 is a frustum hole, 45 is a triangular prism, 5 is a cross plate, 51 is a side plate, 511 is a side wing plate, 512 is a side groove, 513 is a side plate hole, 52 is a middle plate, 521 is a middle wing plate, 522 is a middle groove, and 523 is a middle plate hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the soil site reinforcing anchor rod comprises a pull rod 1, wherein a loop rod 2 is sleeved outside the pull rod 1, the loop rod 2 is cemented on the outer wall of the pull rod 1, the pull rod 1 is a main rod, and the elastic modulus of the material of the loop rod 2 is smaller than that of the material of the pull rod 1; for example, the material of the pull rod 1 can be a GFRP fiber material, so that the tensile property is good; the material of the loop bar 2 may be wood, but is not limited to such a material. The loop bar 2 can increase the rod diameter of the anchor rod, and meanwhile, the transition of the pull rod 1 with good tensile property and the slurry in the anchor hole can be realized through wood, so that the connection between the pull rod and the anchor hole is strengthened. According to the invention, the pull rod is made of a rod material with excellent corrosion resistance and tensile property as an integral stress core; the sleeve rod material is selected from the rod materials which are most compatible with the physical mechanics of the earthen site, and is used as a middle transition layer of the pull rod and the slurry material physical mechanics index. The tip of pull rod 1 is equipped with reinforced structure, and reinforced structure sets up in stretching into the site soil body, and reinforced structure's diameter is big than the diameter of pull rod, can increase with the anchoring ability in anchor eye. The reinforced structure comprises an assembly plate and a pressure-bearing platform 4, wherein the pressure-bearing platform 4 is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod 1, the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing platform 4, and the pressure-bearing platform 4 assists in assembling the assembly plate and fixes the assembly plate, so that the acting force of the earthen site is transmitted to the pull rod 1.
As shown in fig. 12 to 18, the assembled plate is a double-edged plate 5, the double-edged plate 5 includes an edge plate 51 and a middle plate 52, the edge plate 51 and the middle plate 52 are clamped to each other and are conveniently adjusted in the anchor hole by clamping the clamping groove, the edge plate 51 and the middle plate 52 are both sleeved on the loop bar 2, that is, the edge plate 51 and the middle plate 52 are conveniently inclined in a large diameter area entering the bottom of the anchor hole from the anchor hole, and then are assembled into a double-edged or cross-shaped structure in the large diameter area, that is, a cross-shaped structure is formed by one edge plate 51 and one middle plate, and the double-edged plate 51 and one middle plate with the same structure can be formed into a. The side plates 51 and the middle plate 52 are detachably connected with the pressure bearing table 4, and the pressure bearing table 4 is fixed to the cross plate in assembling. The length of the side plates 51 and the middle plate 52 is larger than the diameter of the pressure bearing table 4, and the diameter of the circular plate enclosed by the square plates can increase the confining pressure with slurry and soil of the site, so that the pressure resistance and deformation resistance of the soil can be increased. In fig. 18 of the present invention, two side plates are respectively located on both sides of the middle plate, and 3 adjacent plates form an included angle of 60 degrees with each other, i.e. 6 sides of a regular hexagon. As shown in fig. 12, the side plate 51 comprises a side wing plate 511 and a side plate hole 513, the side plate hole 513 is arranged at the center of the side wing plate 511, the side plate hole 513 penetrates through the center of the side plate, the side plate hole 513 is sleeved on the loop bar 2, the diameter of the side plate hole 513 is slightly larger than that of the loop bar, so that a certain included angle is formed between the side wing plate and the loop bar, and the side wing plate 511 can enter obliquely when entering into a small-diameter area of the anchor hole; the middle plate 52 comprises a middle wing plate 521 and a middle plate hole 523, the middle plate hole 523 is arranged in the center of the middle wing plate 521, the middle plate hole 523 penetrates through the center of the middle plate 52, the middle plate is sleeved on the loop bar 2 through the middle plate hole 523, and the middle plate hole 523 corresponds to the side plate hole 513, so that the middle plate hole 523 and the loop bar 2 can be conveniently connected. The lengths of the side plates 51 and the middle plates 52 are equal to 2-5 times of the diameter of the anchor hole, and the lengths of the side plates 51 and the middle plates 52 are different in multiples of the diameter of the anchor hole according to different shearing strength values of the earthen site, specifically, the smaller the shearing strength of the earthen site is, the larger the multiple is.
The outer circumference of the edge plate hole 513 is provided with two edge grooves 512, the edge grooves 512 are arranged on one side of the middle of the edge plate 51, namely one side close to the middle plate, as shown in fig. 13, the two edge grooves 512 are respectively used for clamping the middle plate and the other edge plate, and as shown in fig. 12, the two edge grooves 512 are different in depth and the groove lines are distributed in the middle of the edge wing plate 511 at an angle of 60 degrees and are respectively used for clamping the middle plate and the other edge plate. The middle plate hole 523 is provided with a middle groove 522 on the outer circumference, as shown in fig. 15, the middle grooves 522 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle plate 52, the groove lines of the two middle grooves 522 form an angle of different surface 60, as shown in fig. 16, the middle groove 522 is clamped in the side groove 512, and the two side plates and the middle plate are clamped with the middle groove 522 through the side groove 512 to realize the assembly and fixation of the whole Mi-shaped plate 5, as shown in fig. 18. After the assembly is finished, the adjacent side plates and the middle plate are fixed by the pressure bearing table 4. The use of the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate enables the anchor rod to fully utilize the confining pressure of slurry and the site body in the drawing process, and greatly improves the large deformation resistance of the anchoring force of the anchoring system. Meanwhile, the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate is an assembly plate, and can fully utilize the space of the thinner anchor hole at the front end to extend into the hole bottom, so that the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate is assembled at the hole bottom. When the Chinese character 'mi' board is the cruciform structure, the lower part evenly distributed of the ring pad 43 of pressure-bearing platform 4 has 4 three ridges admittedly for joint medium plate and sideboard, middle part one side of sideboard is equipped with a limit groove 512, middle part one side of medium plate is equipped with a well groove 522, and the center of limit groove 512 and sideboard hole 513 corresponds about promptly on a straight line, well groove 522 corresponds about promptly on a straight line with the center of medium plate hole 523, limit groove 512 and well groove looks joint can form the cruciform.
As shown in fig. 2, the number of the loop bars 2 is at least two, the occlusion table 3 is arranged between the loop bars 2, the occlusion table 3 is fixed on the pull rod 1 through a frustum lock 12, the occlusion table 3 is of a conical structure, one end with a large cross section area faces an anchor head, the other end with a small cross section area faces the bottom of an anchor hole, the occlusion table 3 increases the contact area of the pull rod with slurry and the anchor hole, and the other end with a large cross section area increases the occlusion of the pull rod with the anchor hole. The pressure bearing table 4 is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod 1 through the frustum lock 12, and the fixing of the square plate 5 is achieved. As shown in fig. 3, the pull rod 1 comprises a threaded rod 11, a frustum lock 12 is arranged on the threaded rod 11, and the frustum lock 12 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 11 by filling adhesive between a built-in screw and a screw thread, so that the frustum lock 12 is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 11. The conical small end of the frustum lock 12 faces the anchor head end of the pull rod 1, so that the frustum lock can be fixedly connected with the occlusion table 3 and the pressure-bearing table 4, namely the pull rod 1 is pulled, and the acting force of the occlusion table 3 and the pressure-bearing table 4 faces the bottom of an anchor hole due to the action of slurry and a soil body, so that the anchoring effect of the anchor rod is further increased. And the conical small end of the frustum lock 12 is abutted against the loop bar 2 to prevent the displacement thereof in use.
As shown in fig. 4, a rod penetrating hole 25 is formed in the center of the sleeve rod 2, the pull rod 1 is arranged in the rod penetrating hole 25, a step is formed on the inner wall of the rod penetrating hole 25, the step increases the taper of the inner wall of the rod penetrating hole 25, the interface bonded with the pull rod is increased, and the engagement between the pull rod 1 and the sleeve rod 2 is increased. The through hole 24 communicated with the outside is arranged on the rod penetrating hole 25, so that the adhesive can be conveniently injected into the rod penetrating hole, and the pull rod 1 and the loop bar 2 are fixedly connected. The steps comprise a first step 21, a second step 22 and a third step 23, the diameters of rod through holes 25 where the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23 are located are sequentially increased, namely the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23 are sequentially arranged from an anchor head to the bottom of an anchor hole along a pull rod, through holes 24 are formed in the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23, the through holes 24 are formed in the middles of the lengths of the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the through holes are respectively located in the middles of the three steps, through the three steps and the three through holes are arranged, the binder can be injected into the rod through holes 25 through the through holes 24 in the middles, and when the binder overflows from the through holes on two sides, the binder is indicated to be completely injected into the rod through holes 25. The diameter range of the through hole 24 is 3 mm-6 mm, and the length of the sleeve 2 is 30-60 cm.
As shown in fig. 7, the occlusion table 3 includes a table base 31, a base pad 33, a taper hole 34 and a universal groove 35, the base pad 33 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the table base 31, the table base 31 is in a boss shape, one end of the boss shape with a large cross-sectional area faces the outside of the anchor head, i.e. the earthen site, and the base pad 33 is used for protecting the table base 31. The middle parts of the table base 31 and the base pad 33 are provided with tapered holes 34 matched with the frustum locks 12, the tapered holes 34 penetrate through the centers of the table base 31 and the base pad 33, as shown in fig. 8, one end of each tapered hole 34 with a large diameter faces the bottom of each anchor hole, one end of each tapered hole 34 with a small diameter faces the anchor head, and the base pad 33 is provided with a universal groove 35; the outer circumferences of the table base 31 and the base pad 33 are both fixedly provided with a side rib 32, and the side rib 32 is used for reinforcing the table base 31 and the base pad 33. The number of the side ribs 32 is set to 6, and they are fixed to the outer circumference of the table base 31 at an angle of 60 to each other. The number of the common grooves 35 is 2, and the common grooves 35 are located on both sides of the stage base 31 and sandwiched between the base pads 33. Can stretch into the anchor eye through general groove 35 after the rice word board and assemble the regulation, also make things convenient for follow-up grouting to in the anchor eye simultaneously, on the other hand has also saved the material, makes things convenient for the in-process of grouting, and the gas in the anchor eye passes through general groove discharge anchor eye. The cross-sectional diameter of the base pad 33 of the occlusion table 3 is equal to 2/3-1 times of the diameter of the anchor hole, so that the occlusion table 3 can be conveniently inserted into the anchor hole, and meanwhile, the occlusion table can be anchored with slurry and the anchor hole.
As shown in fig. 9, the pressure-bearing table 4 includes a base 41, a ring pad 43, a frustum hole 44 and a triangular solid 45, the ring pad 43 is fixed at the bottom of the base 41, the ring pad 43 directly contacts with the cross plate 5 for protecting the base 41, the triangular solid 45 is fixed at the lower part of the ring pad 43, the triangular solid 45 is a triangular prism, and the triangular solid 45 is matched with the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 of the assembled plate; as shown in fig. 18, the number of the three ridges 45 is 6, and the three ridges 45 are clamped between the included angles of the adjacent side plates and the middle plate, thereby fixing the cross plate 5. The length of the triangular solid 45 is equal to the thickness of the 2/3 ring pad 43, and 6 triangular solids 45 are fixedly connected below the ring pad 43 at an angle of 60. The middle parts of the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 are provided with frustum holes 44 matched with the frustum locks 12, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the frustum holes 44 penetrate through the centers of the base body 41 and the ring pad 43, namely, one end of the frustum hole 44 with a small diameter faces the anchor head, and the other end of the frustum hole 44 with a large diameter faces the bottom of the anchor hole; the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 are both fixedly provided with the vertical ridges 42, and the vertical ridges 42 are used for protecting the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 and increasing the reliability of the base body and the ring pad. The distribution of the ridges 42 is the same as the distribution of the side plates 51 and the middle plate 52 of the assembled plate along the circumference, as shown in fig. 19. The diameter of the section of the ring pad 43 of the pressure bearing platform 4 is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole, so that the ring pad can conveniently extend into the bottom of the anchor hole and can assist in installation and fixation of the Mi-shaped plate. The combination of the pull rod 1 and the loop rod 2 can be used independently, and can also be used in combination with one or more of the occlusion table 3 and the pressure bearing table 4.
A use method of a soil relic reinforcing anchor rod comprises the following steps:
step one, gluing a loop bar 2 on a pull bar 1:
the pull rod 1 penetrates through a rod penetrating hole 25 of the sleeve rod 2, namely the sleeve rod 2 penetrates through the pull rod 1, so that the axis of the sleeve rod 2 is collinear with the axis of the pull rod 1, and the rod penetrating hole 25 is sealed by injecting an adhesive into the sleeve rod 2 through a through hole 24 in the sleeve rod 2; maintaining the adhesive between the loop bar 2 and the pull bar 1 until the adhesive between the pull bar 1 and the loop bar 2 reaches the preset adhesive strength; the sleeve rod 2 and the pull rod 1 can be cemented by the adhesive so as to realize consolidation.
Step two, mounting the Chinese character 'mi' plate 5 and the pressure-bearing platform 4:
aligning the edge grooves of the edge plates 51 of the Chinese character mi plates with the middle groove 522 of the middle plate 52, and then sleeving the edge plates 51, the middle plate 52 and the edge plates 51 of the Chinese character mi plates 5 on the loop bar 2 in sequence; thereby facilitating the clamping of the subsequent three plates. Coating an adhesive on the inner wall of the frustum hole 44 of the pressure bearing platform 4 and cementing the inner wall on the frustum lock 12, coating the adhesive on the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock 12, cementing the frustum lock 12 on the pull rod 1, and curing the surfaces coated with the adhesive to the preset strength of the adhesive; the bearing table is fixedly connected with the pull rod 1 through the frustum lock.
Step three, laying a prefabricated anchor rod in the anchor hole:
the prefabricated anchor rod is manufactured in the first step and the second step, the side plates 51 and the middle plates 52 on the loop bar 2 are inclined, the length of each side plate 51 and the length of each middle plate 52 are larger than the diameter of the anchor hole, and the inclination facilitates the side plates and the middle plates to enter the anchor hole and go deep into the bottom and to be inserted into a preset position in the anchor hole along with the loop bar 2; assembling the side plates 51 and the middle plates 52 at the bottom of the anchor hole into a Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate by using a long rod and external inspection equipment, and placing the Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate at the bottom of the anchor hole, namely clamping the adjacent side plates and the middle plates through the middle grooves and the side grooves, and installing the adjacent side plates 51 and the middle plates 52 in the triangular ribs 45 of the pressure bearing table 4; promote the rice word board of equipment and rotate backward to with 6 three solid 45 joints respectively in the space that encloses between adjacent sideboard and medium plate, three solid 45 fixes a position the rice word board.
Step four, injecting grout with different strength grades into the segmented anchoring section:
inserting a grouting pipe into the anchor hole, wherein the grouting pipe can be arranged in a general groove of the occlusion table, the grout contacting with the rice-shaped plate is injected with the maximum-strength grout, the strength of the grout from the rice-shaped plate to the outlet of the anchor hole is gradually reduced, and one section of loop bar is matched with the grout with one strength; maintaining the slurry to reach a preset strength; the anchor rod performance is greatly improved by performing segmented strength grouting from inside to outside.
Step five, mounting an anchor head: applying a pre-stress drawing force of 1-3 kN to the anchor rod, and installing an anchor head at the extending end part of the pull rod. As shown in fig. 1, the anchor head is mounted on the outside of the site soil.
In the first step, the method for injecting the adhesive into the sleeve rod 2 to seal the rod penetrating hole 25 comprises the following steps: and injecting the adhesive into the through hole sleeve 25 from the through hole 24 on the second step 22 of the loop bar 2, blocking the through hole 25 at the two ends of the loop bar, and stopping injecting the adhesive when the adhesive overflows from the through holes 24 of the first step 21 and the third step 23 of the loop bar 2. Firstly, the rod penetrating holes 25 at two ends of the sleeve rod are sealed, the adhesive is injected into the rod penetrating holes 25 from the through holes 24 on the second step 22, the through holes 24 of the first step 21 and the third step 23 of the sleeve rod 2 are used as exhaust holes, and when the adhesive overflows from the exhaust holes, the rod penetrating holes 25 are proved to be filled with the adhesive.
When the anchor rod needs to use the occlusion table 3, after the loop bar 2 in the first step is glued to the pull rod 1, the step of adding the occlusion table 3 to be fixedly connected to the pull rod 1 is carried out: coating an adhesive on the inner wall of a taper hole 34 of the occlusion table 3, penetrating the pull rod 1 through the taper hole 34, coating the adhesive on the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock 12, installing the adhesive on the pull rod, adhering the taper hole 34 of the occlusion table 3 on the frustum lock 12, and maintaining the surfaces coated with the adhesive until the strength of the adhesive is reached; in the third step, the long rod and the grouting pipe in the fourth step extend into the bottom of the anchor hole through the universal groove 35 of the occlusion table 3. The use of the occlusion table increases the occlusion friction between the rod body and the slurry, and makes full use of the shearing resistance and the compressive strength of the slurry.
The method for sectional strength-divided grouting from inside to outside provided by the invention greatly improves the performance of the anchor rod. And the structures can be independently used only or combined and matched for use on the basis of the combination of the pull rod and the loop bar. The invention can fully improve the performance of the traditional earthen site anchoring system based on the characteristics of small damage, high anchoring force and large deformation resistance of the earthen site anchoring system.
The invention is suitable for anchoring the earthen site with various anchoring lengths, various anchor hole diameters and large deformation resistance requirements, and provides larger continuous anchoring force under the condition of less damage to the earthen site. Provides favorable conditions for physical and mechanical compatibility of the earthen site rod body-slurry interface and solves the problem of easy breakage of the rod body. The occlusion table and the cross plate increase the occlusion effect between the rod body and the slurry, and fully utilize the compressive property of the slurry and the soil body of the site. The anchoring performance of the earthen site anchoring system is comprehensively improved. Plays an active role in the engineering practice of anchoring the earthen site.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The soil relic reinforcing anchor rod comprises a pull rod (1), and is characterized in that a sleeve rod (2) is sleeved outside the pull rod (1), and a reinforcing structure is arranged at the end part of the pull rod (1); the reinforced structure comprises an assembly plate and a pressure bearing table (4), the pressure bearing table (4) is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod (1), and the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure bearing table (4).
2. The earthen site reinforcing anchor rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein the assembling plate is a cross plate (5), the cross plate (5) comprises an edge plate (51) and a middle plate (52), the edge plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are clamped, the edge plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are sleeved on the loop bar (2), and the edge plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are detachably connected with the pressure bearing table; the side plate (51) comprises a side plate (511) and a side plate hole (513), and the side plate hole (513) is arranged in the center of the side plate (511); the middle plate (52) comprises a middle wing plate (521) and a middle plate hole (523), the middle plate hole (523) is arranged in the center of the middle wing plate (521), and the middle plate hole (523) corresponds to the side plate hole (513) and is sleeved on the loop bar (2).
3. The earthen site reinforcement anchor rod as claimed in claim 2, wherein a side groove (512) is provided on an outer circumference of the side plate hole (513), a middle groove (522) is provided on an outer circumference of the middle plate hole (523), and the middle groove (522) is clamped in the side groove (512).
4. The earthen site reinforcement anchor rod as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the number of the loop bars (2) is at least two, an occlusion table (3) is arranged between the loop bars (2), and the occlusion table (3) is fixed on the pull rod (1) through a frustum lock (12); the pressure bearing table (4) is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod (1) through a frustum lock (12).
5. The earthen site reinforcing anchor rod as claimed in claim 4, wherein a rod passing hole (25) is provided at the center of said loop bar (2), a step is provided on the inner wall of the rod passing hole (25), a through hole (24) communicating with the outside is provided on the rod passing hole (25); the steps comprise a first step (21), a second step (22) and a third step (23), the diameters of rod penetrating holes (25) where the first step (21), the second step (22) and the third step (23) are located are sequentially increased, and through holes (24) are formed in the first step (21), the second step (22) and the third step (23).
6. The earthen site reinforcing anchor rod as claimed in claim 4, wherein said engagement table (3) comprises a table base (31), a base pad (33), a taper hole (34) and a general groove (35), the base pad (33) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the table base (31), the taper hole (34) matched with the cone lock (12) is arranged at the middle part of the table base (31) and the base pad (33), the general groove (35) is arranged on the base pad (33); and side ribs (32) are fixedly arranged on the outer sides of the table base (31) and the base pad (33).
7. The earthen site reinforcing anchor rod as claimed in claim 6, wherein said pressure bearing table (4) comprises a base body (41), a ring pad (43), a frustum hole (44) and a three-edged solid (45), the ring pad (43) is fixed at the bottom of the base body (41), the three-edged solid (45) is fixed at the lower part of the ring pad (43), and the three-edged solid (45) is matched with the side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) of the assembly plate; a frustum hole (44) matched with the frustum lock (12) is formed in the middle of the base body (41) and the ring pad (43); and the outer sides of the base body (41) and the ring pad (43) are fixedly provided with vertical ridges (42).
8. The earthen site reinforcement anchor rod as claimed in claim 7, wherein the elastic modulus of the material of said loop bar (2) is smaller than that of the material of said tie bar (1); the length of the side plate (51) and the length of the middle plate (52) are equal to 2-5 times of the diameter of the anchor hole; the section diameter of a base pad (33) of the occlusion table (3) is equal to 2/3-1 times of the diameter of an anchor hole; the diameter of the section of the ring pad (43) of the pressure bearing platform (4) is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole.
9. The earthen site reinforcement anchor rod as claimed in any one of claims 1 and 5 to 8, wherein the using method thereof comprises the steps of:
step one, gluing a loop bar (2) on a pull rod (1):
the pull rod (1) penetrates through a rod penetrating hole (25) of the sleeve rod (2), so that the axis of the sleeve rod (2) is collinear with the axis of the pull rod (1), and adhesive is injected into the sleeve rod (2) through a through hole (24) in the sleeve rod (2) to seal the rod penetrating hole (25); curing the adhesive between the sleeve rod (2) and the pull rod (1) until the adhesive between the pull rod (1) and the sleeve rod (2) reaches a preset adhesive strength;
step two, mounting the Chinese character 'mi' plate (5) and the pressure-bearing platform (4):
aligning the side groove of the side plate (51) of the Chinese character mi plate with the middle groove (522) of the middle plate (52), and then sleeving the side plate (51), the middle plate (52) and the side plate (51) of the Chinese character mi plate (5) on the loop bar (2) in sequence; coating an adhesive on the inner wall of a frustum hole (44) of the pressure bearing platform (4) and gluing the adhesive on a frustum lock (12), coating the adhesive on the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock (12), gluing the frustum lock (12) on the pull rod (1), and curing the surfaces coated with the adhesive to the preset strength of the adhesive;
step three, laying a prefabricated anchor rod in the anchor hole:
inclining a side plate (51) and a middle plate (52) on the loop bar (2) and inserting the loop bar (2) into a preset position in the anchor hole; assembling the side plates (51) and the middle plate (52) at the bottom of the anchor hole into a Chinese character 'mi' shaped plate by using a long rod, placing the side plates (51) and the middle plate (52) which are fixedly connected through the side grooves (512) and the middle groove (522) at the bottom of the anchor hole in the triangular solid (45) of the pressure bearing platform (4);
step four, injecting grout with different strength grades into the segmented anchoring section:
inserting a grouting pipe into the anchor hole, injecting the grout in contact with the Mi-shaped plate into the grout with the maximum compressive strength, sequentially decreasing the compressive strength of the grout from the Mi-shaped plate to the outlet of the anchor hole, and matching a section of loop bar with the grout with one strength; maintaining the slurry to reach a preset strength;
step five, mounting an anchor head: applying a pre-stress drawing force of 1-3 kN to the anchor rod, and installing an anchor head at the extending end part of the pull rod.
10. The method for using the earthen site reinforcing anchor rod as claimed in claim 9, wherein the method for injecting the adhesive into the interior of the loop bar (2) to seal the bar penetrating hole (25) in the first step is as follows: injecting adhesive into the through hole (25) from the through hole (24) on the second step (22) of the loop bar (2) to seal the through holes (25) at the two ends of the loop bar, and stopping injecting the adhesive when the adhesive overflows from the through holes (24) of the first step (21) and the third step (23) of the loop bar (2);
after the loop bar (2) in the first step is glued to the pull rod (1), adding an occlusion table (3) fixedly connected to the pull rod (1): coating adhesive on the inner wall of a taper hole (34) of an occlusion table (3), enabling a pull rod (1) to penetrate through the taper hole (34), coating the adhesive on the inner spiral surface of a taper table lock (12), installing the adhesive on the pull rod, gluing the taper hole (34) of the occlusion table (3) on the taper table lock (12), and maintaining the surfaces coated with the adhesive until the strength of the adhesive is reached; in the third step, the long rod and the grouting pipe in the fourth step extend into the bottom of the anchor hole through the universal groove (35) of the occlusion table (3).
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| CN202010385977.5A CN111472571B (en) | 2020-05-09 | 2020-05-09 | Soil relic reinforcing anchor rod and using method thereof |
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| CN116335428A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-27 | 兰州理工大学 | Reinforcing method for earthen site undercut region |
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