CN111472571A - A kind of soil site reinforcement anchor rod and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a soil site reinforcement anchor rod and a method for using the same. The reinforcement anchor rod includes a pull rod, the outer part of the pull rod is sleeved with a sleeve rod, and the end of the pull rod is provided with a reinforcement structure; the reinforcement structure includes an assembly plate And the pressure-bearing table, the pressure-bearing table is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod, and the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing table. The rice-shaped plate of the invention makes the anchor rod make full use of the confining pressure of the slurry and the site body during the drawing process, greatly improves the anchoring force of the anchor rod and can resist large deformation; , give full play to the progressive force transmission mechanism of the bolt, improve the displacement of the bolt in different body segments, and is conducive to the uniform stress on the rod-slurry interface. The invention is simple in operation and convenient in installation, and its anchoring performance and anchoring mechanism are more in line with the concept of protection and reinforcement of soil sites, and can fully improve the performance of the traditional soil site anchoring system; the manufacture is simple, the cost is low, the maintenance is convenient, and it is conducive to wide-scale promotion use.

Description

A kind of soil site reinforcement anchor rod and using method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil site reinforcement engineering practice and experimental research, in particular to a soil site reinforcement anchor rod and a method for using the same.

Background technique

Earth ruins are cultural heritage with earth as the main building material, direct physical evidence of the origin and evolution of human civilization, and important historical roots of excellent traditional culture, with great historical, artistic and scientific value. There are a large number of remains in the main arid regions of Asia, Africa, North America, South America and the Middle East, and their types are also quite rich. For example, the arid environment of China and the Great Wall from the Qin Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty and its ancillary buildings along the Silk Road, the ruins of Buddhist temples and ancient cities in different historical periods are all representatives of earthen ruins. However, under the influence of various natural forces and human activities such as wind erosion, rain erosion, freezing and thawing, and earthquakes for a long time, the diseases that directly or indirectly lead to the instability and destruction of soil sites, such as collapse, fissure and digging erosion, have developed widely, which have endangered the safety of soil sites. The primary issue of preservation.

The protection of earth sites follows the protection concept of "minimum intervention, maximum compatibility". Anchoring technology has been widely used in the field of stability control of soil sites because of its weak disturbance, strong concealment and high anchoring force. The anchoring technology has been applied to the protection and reinforcement of soil sites since the 1990s, and its development history is short, and the corresponding theoretical development lags behind. Rods and slurry materials commonly used in traditional geotechnical engineering, such as metal bolts, cement mortar and resin slurry, cannot be used for anchoring of soil sites because of their incompatibility with soil sites and insufficient durability.

At present, the research on anchoring of earthen ruins focuses on the selection of anchoring materials, the optimization of anchoring technology, and the macroscopic anchoring performance. The full-length bond tension anchoring system is commonly used in the anchoring of soil sites, and its main shortcomings are as follows:

①In order to achieve excellent anchoring performance of soil sites, natural wood rods are often preferred for anchoring soil sites because of their compatibility with soil sites because of their physical and mechanical indicators. However, due to the natural growth of natural wooden poles, the straightness of the pole body is not enough, and the existing wood scars or cracks in the pole body can easily cause the pole body to be brittle and fractured.

②The current common failure mode of the anchoring system at Zayoutu site is the debonding and decoupling of the rod-slurry interface, which reveals that the occlusal friction between the rod and the slurry is weak, and it relies more on the shear strength of the slurry, while the strength of the slurry is weak. The compressive properties are not fully utilized.

③ In addition, the progressive transfer mechanism of rod-slurry interface stress and the exponentially decaying interface stress distribution along the rod-slurry interface point out that the anchor rod can only provide a small pullout resistance far from the anchor head.

(4) At present, there is a phenomenon of effective anchorage length in the anchoring system of the soil site. Within the effective anchorage length, the anchoring length can only be increased to obtain a larger anchoring force. However, the longer the anchorage length, the greater the irreversible damage to the soil site.

⑤ The current load-displacement curve of the anchoring system at the soil site shows that the anchoring load of the anchoring system at the soil site reaches its peak value at a small displacement, and the load drops sharply after the peak, and the residual strength is small. This shows that the current soil site anchoring system has insufficient ability to resist large deformation, and the stability control ability under the earthquake resistance requirements of the soil site is insufficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the urgent need to improve the anchoring performance requirements of the soil site anchoring system and the development goal of "small damage, high anchor force, and large deformation resistance", the present invention proposes a soil site reinforcement anchor rod and a method for using the same, so that the rod body and the slurry are engaged with each other. The effect is increased, making full use of the compressive properties of the slurry and the soil of the site, and providing greater continuous anchoring force in the case of less damaged soil sites.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is achieved as follows: a soil site reinforcement anchor rod, including a pull rod, the outside of the pull rod is sleeved with a sleeve rod, and the end of the pull rod is provided with a reinforcement structure; the reinforcement structure It includes an assembly plate and a pressure-bearing table, the pressure-bearing table is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod, and the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing table. The anchorage between the bolt and the soil site can be increased by the cooperation of the assembly plate and the bearing platform.

Further, the assembling board is a rice-shaped board, and the rice-shaped board includes a side board and a middle board, the side board and the middle board are clamped, and the side board and the middle board are both sleeved on the sleeve rod, and the side board and the middle board are both. It is detachably connected to the bearing platform; the side plate includes a side wing plate and a side plate hole, and the side plate hole is arranged in the center of the side wing plate; the middle plate includes a middle wing plate and a middle plate hole, and the middle plate hole is arranged in the center of the side plate. In the center of the middle wing plate, the middle plate hole corresponds to the side plate hole and is sleeved on the sleeve rod. By assembling, it can be expanded into a rice-shaped plate and fixed at the bottom of the anchor rod, so that the compressive capacity can be increased.

Further, the outer circumference of the side plate hole is provided with a side groove, the outer circumference of the middle plate hole is provided with a middle groove, and the middle groove is clamped in the side groove. The assembly, splicing and consolidation of the rice-shaped board can be realized through the snap connection of the side groove and the middle groove.

Further, the number of the sleeve rods is at least two, an occlusal table is arranged between the sleeve rods, and the occlusion table is fixed on the tie rod through a truncated cone lock; the pressure bearing platform is fixed on the bottom of the tie rod through a cone truncated lock. The occlusal table can prevent the bolt from pulling out and increase the occlusal effect with the grout. The pressure bearing table is fixed by the cone truncated lock, and the reaction with the pressure bearing table is realized when it is pulled outward, so that the rice-shaped plate can be better arranged at the bottom of the anchor hole.

Further, the center of the sleeve rod is provided with a rod penetration hole, the inner wall of the rod penetration hole is provided with a step, and the rod penetration hole is provided with a through hole communicating with the outside; the step includes a first step, a second step and a For the third step, the diameters of the through-rod holes where the first step, the second step and the third step are located increase in sequence, and the first step, the second step and the third step are all provided with through holes. Through the through hole, the adhesive can be injected into the hole through the rod, so as to realize the fixing of the sleeve rod and the tie rod, and the step can increase the contact area between the sleeve rod and the tie rod, and increase the stability of the connection between the tie rod and the sleeve rod.

Further, the occlusal table includes a table base, a base pad, a taper hole and a general groove, the bottom of the table base is fixedly provided with a base pad, and the middle of the table base and the base pad is provided with a taper hole matching the frustum lock, and the base The pad is provided with a general groove; the outer sides of the platform base and the base pad are fixedly provided with side ribs. The m-shaped plate is easily adjusted by the universal groove, and the occlusal table increases the twisting with the grout and the anchor hole.

Further, the pressure bearing platform includes a base body, a ring pad, a frustum hole and a triangular fixing, a ring pad is fixed at the bottom of the base body, a triangular fixing is fixed at the lower part of the ring pad, and the triangular fixing is connected to the side plate of the assembly plate and the three-edge fixing. The middle plate is matched; the middle of the base body and the ring pad is provided with a truncated cone hole that matches the truncated cone lock; the outer sides of the base body and the ring pad are fixed with vertical ridges, and the distribution of the vertical ridges is the same as that of the side plates and the middle of the assembly plate. The distribution of the plates along the circumference corresponds. The pressure-bearing platform acts on the pull rod from the protruding force of the rice-shaped plate, so as to realize the anchoring of the anchor rod.

Further, the elastic modulus of the sleeve rod material is less than the elastic modulus of the tie rod material; the length of the side plate and the middle plate is equal to 2 to 5 times the diameter of the anchor hole; the cross-sectional diameter of the base pad of the occlusal table is equal to 2 /3~1 times the diameter of the anchor hole; the cross-sectional diameter of the ring gasket of the pressure bearing platform is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole.

The steps of a method for using an anchor rod for soil site reinforcement are:

Step 1. The sleeve rod is glued to the tie rod:

Pass the tie rod through the through hole of the sleeve rod, so that the axis of the sleeve rod is collinear with the axis of the tie rod, and inject adhesive into the sleeve rod through the through hole on the sleeve rod to seal the through rod hole; Maintain the adhesive between the tie rod and the tie rod until the bond between the tie rod and the sleeve rod reaches the predetermined bond strength;

Step 2. Installation of the rice plate and the pressure platform:

Align the side groove of the side plate of the rice-shaped plate with the middle groove of the middle plate, and then set it on the sleeve rod in the order of the side plate, the middle plate and the side plate of the rice-shaped plate; The inner wall is coated with adhesive and glued on the truncated cone lock, the inner spiral surface of the truncated cone lock is coated with adhesive, and the truncated cone lock is glued on the tie rod, and each surface coated with adhesive is cured to the predetermined strength of the adhesive ;

Step 3. Arrange prefabricated anchor rods in the anchor holes:

Tilt the side plate and the middle plate on the sleeve rod, and insert the sleeve rod into the predetermined position in the anchor hole; use the long rod to assemble the side plate and the middle plate at the bottom of the anchor hole into a rice-shaped plate and place it at the bottom of the anchor hole. The adjacent side plates and middle plates consolidated by the side grooves and the middle grooves are installed in the three-edged solids of the bearing platform;

Step 4. Inject different strength grades of slurries into the segmented anchoring section:

Insert a grouting pipe into the anchor hole, and inject the slurry with the maximum compressive strength into the slurry in contact with the rice-shaped plate. Conserve the slurry to make it reach the predetermined strength;

Step 5. Install the anchor head: apply a pre-stressed pulling force of 1~3kN to the anchor rod, and install the anchor head on the extended end of the pull rod.

The method of injecting the adhesive into the inside of the sleeve rod to seal the piercing hole in the step 1 is as follows: injecting the adhesive into the through hole of the through hole on the second step of the sleeve rod to block the piercing rods at both ends of the sleeve rod. When the adhesive overflows from the through holes of the first step and the third step of the sleeve rod, the injection of the adhesive is stopped;

After the sleeve rod is glued to the tie rod in step 1, add the step of consolidating the occlusal table to the tie rod: apply adhesive on the inner wall of the taper hole of the occlusal table, pass the tie rod through the taper hole, and apply adhesive to the inner helical surface of the cone lock. The adhesive is installed on the tie rod, and then the taper hole of the occlusal table is glued to the cone lock, and each surface coated with adhesive is maintained until the strength of the adhesive is reached; The grouting pipe extends into the bottom of the anchor hole through the universal groove of the occlusal table.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention:

a. A sleeve rod is designed in the present invention, and the material of the sleeve rod is selected to be the rod material that is most compatible with the physical mechanics of the soil site, as the intermediate transition layer between the tie rod and the physical and mechanical indicators of the slurry material.

b. The present invention designs an occlusal table, the use of the occlusal table increases the occlusal friction between the rod body and the slurry, makes full use of the shear and compressive strength of the slurry, and increases the pull-out resistance of the middle and rear sections of the bolt .

c. The present invention designs the m-shaped plate of the reinforcement structure, so that the anchor rod can make full use of the confining pressure of the slurry and the site body during the drawing process, and greatly improves the anchoring force of the anchor rod and can resist large deformation; at the same time, the m-shaped board In order to assemble the board, it can make full use of the narrow anchor hole space at the front end to extend into the bottom of the hole, and assemble it into a rice-shaped board at the bottom of the hole. At the bottom of the hole, the method of assembling a monolithic m-shaped plate at the bottom of the anchor hole reduces the drilling damage to the earth site body and protects the earth site to the greatest extent.

d. The progressive force transmission mechanism of the anchor rod is considered in the use method of the present invention, and a method of grouting the compressive strength in sections from the inside to the outside is proposed, so that the compressive strength of the grout at the gradually distal end close to the anchor head gradually increases. Increase, this setting method can realize relatively large displacement of the rod body in the front section of the anchoring length, and relatively small displacement in the middle and rear sections of the anchoring length, thus fully improving the displacement of the anchor rod in different anchoring sections, which is beneficial to the rod body - slurry The uniform force of the body interface greatly improves the performance of the anchoring system.

e. The present invention is simple in operation and convenient in installation, and each structure can be used independently or in combination based on the combination of the tie rod and the sleeve rod.

f. The anchoring performance and anchoring mechanism of the present invention are more in line with the concept of protection and reinforcement of soil sites. The present invention is proposed based on the characteristics of soil site anchoring of "small damage, high anchoring force, and large deformation resistance", which can fully improve the traditional soil site anchoring system. performance.

g. The design of the present invention takes into account the requirements of scientific research experiments and construction and production, so that the entire device is simple to manufacture, low in cost, convenient in maintenance, and beneficial for wide-scale popularization and use.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention in the site body.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the tie rod of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sleeve rod of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a side view of the sleeve rod of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a side view of the occlusal table of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of FIG. 7 of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a side view of the pressure table of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of FIG. 9 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the side plate structure of the rice-shaped board of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 12 of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a side view of the side panel of the present invention.

15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle plate of the rice-shaped plate of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a top view of FIG. 15 of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a side view of the plate of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the rice-shaped board of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a right side view of FIG. 2 of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a tie rod, 11 is a threaded rod, 12 is a truncated cone lock, 2 is a sleeve rod, 21 is a first step, 22 is a second step, 23 is a third step, 24 is a through hole, and 25 is a through rod Holes, 3 is the occlusal table, 31 is the table base, 32 is the side rib, 33 is the base pad, 34 is the taper hole, 35 is the general groove, 4 is the bearing table, 41 is the base body, 42 is the ridge, and 43 is the ring Pad, 44 is the frustum hole, 45 is the three-edged solid, 5 is the rice plate, 51 is the side plate, 511 is the edge plate, 512 is the side groove, 513 is the side plate hole, 52 is the middle plate, 521 is the middle plate For the wing plate, 522 is the middle groove, and 523 is the middle plate hole.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a soil site reinforcement anchor includes a tie rod 1, the outside of the tie rod 1 is covered with a sleeve rod 2, the sleeve rod 2 is cemented on the outer wall of the tie rod 1, and the tie rod 1 is the main rod , the elastic modulus of the sleeve rod 2 material is smaller than the elastic modulus of the tie rod 1 material; for example, the tie rod 1 can be made of GFRP fiber material, which has better tensile performance; the sleeve rod 2 can be made of wood, but not limited to this kind of material. The sleeve rod 2 can increase the rod diameter of the anchor rod, and at the same time, the wood can realize the transition between the tie rod 1 with good tensile performance and the grout in the anchor hole, and strengthen the connection between the tie rod and the anchor hole. The tie rod of the present invention selects the rod material with excellent corrosion resistance and tensile performance as the overall stress core; the sleeve rod material selects the rod material that is most compatible with the physical mechanics of the soil site, as the intermediate transition layer between the tie rod and the physical and mechanical indicators of the slurry material. The end of the tie rod 1 is provided with a reinforcement structure, and the reinforcement structure is arranged in the soil of the site. The diameter of the reinforcement structure is larger than that of the tie rod, which can increase the anchoring capacity with the anchor hole. The reinforcing structure includes an assembly plate and a pressure-bearing table 4, the pressure-bearing table 4 is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod 1, the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure-bearing table 4, and the pressure-bearing table 4 assists the assembly of the assembly plate and fixes the assembly plate, Thereby, the force of the earth site is transmitted to the tie rod 1 .

As shown in Figures 12-18, the assembly board is a rice-shaped board 5, and the rice-shaped board 5 includes a side board 51 and a middle board 52, and the side board 51 and the middle board 52 are clamped together, and the clamping slot is used to facilitate the anchorage. Adjustment in the hole, the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 are both sleeved on the sleeve rod 2, that is, it is convenient for the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 to enter the large-diameter area at the bottom of the anchor hole from the anchor hole, and then adjust it in the large-diameter area. It is assembled into a rice-shaped or cross-shaped structure, that is, a side plate 51 and a middle plate form a cross-shaped structure, and two side plates 51 and a middle plate of the same structure can form a rice-shaped structure. Both the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 are detachably connected to the pressure-bearing table 4, and the pressure-bearing table 4 realizes the fixation of the rice-shaped plate during assembly. The length of the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 is greater than the diameter of the bearing platform 4. Enlarging the diameter of the m-shaped plate to form a circle can increase the confining pressure with the slurry and the site soil, and increase its compressive deformation resistance. In FIG. 18 of the present invention, the two side plates are respectively located on both sides of the middle plate, and the three adjacent plates form an included angle of 60 degrees with each other, that is, six sides of a regular hexagon. As shown in FIG. 12 , the side plate 51 includes a side plate 511 and a side plate hole 513 . The side plate hole 513 is arranged in the center of the side plate 511 , the side plate hole 513 penetrates the center of the side plate, and the side plate holes 513 are set. Set on the sleeve rod 2, the diameter of the side plate hole 513 is slightly larger than the diameter of the sleeve rod, so that a certain angle with the sleeve rod can be achieved, and the side wing plate 511 can enter obliquely when entering the small diameter area of the anchor hole; The middle plate 52 includes a middle wing plate 521 and a middle plate hole 523, the middle plate hole 523 is arranged in the center of the middle wing plate 521, the middle plate hole 523 penetrates the center of the middle plate 52, and the middle plate is sleeved on the sleeve through the middle plate hole 523. On the rod 2 , the middle plate hole 523 corresponds to the side plate hole 513 , which facilitates their connection with the sleeve rod 2 . The length of the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 is equal to 2 to 5 times the diameter of the anchor hole. According to the different shear strength values of the soil site itself, the length of the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 used is a multiple of the diameter of the anchor hole. Specifically, the smaller the shear strength of the soil site itself, the larger the multiple used.

The outer circumference of the side plate hole 513 is provided with side grooves 512. The side grooves 512 are opened on the middle side of the side plate 51, that is, the side close to the middle plate. As shown in FIG. 13, there are two side grooves 512. The two side grooves 512 are respectively used for clamping the middle plate and the other side plate, and as shown in FIG. 12 , the depths of the two side grooves 512 are different, and the groove lines are distributed in the middle of the side wing plate 511 at an angle of 60, which are respectively used for clamping the middle plate. board and the other side board. The outer circumference of the middle plate hole 523 is provided with middle grooves 522. As shown in FIG. 15, the middle grooves 522 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the middle of the middle plate 52. 16, the middle groove 522 is clamped in the side groove 512, and the two side plates and the middle plate are connected by the side groove 512 and the middle groove 522 to realize the assembly and fixation of the entire rice board 5, as shown in Figure 18 shown. After the assembly is completed, the adjacent side plates and the middle plate are fixed with the pressure platform 4. The use of the m-shaped plate makes the bolt make full use of the confining pressure of the slurry and the site body during the drawing process, which greatly improves the anchoring force of the anchoring system and can resist large deformation. At the same time, the rice-shaped board is an assembly board, which can make full use of the narrow anchor hole space at the front end to extend into the bottom of the hole, and assemble the rice-shaped board at the bottom of the hole. When the rice-shaped plate has a cross-shaped structure, the lower part of the ring pad 43 of the bearing platform 4 is evenly distributed with 4 triangular fixings, which are used for clamping the middle plate and the side plate, and a side groove is arranged on one side of the middle part of the side plate. 512, a middle groove 522 is arranged on the middle side of the middle plate, and the centers of the side groove 512 and the side plate hole 513 are on a straight line, that is, up and down, and the middle groove 522 and the center of the middle plate hole 523 are on a straight line, that is, up and down. Correspondingly, the side groove 512 and the middle groove can be snapped together to form a cross shape.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the number of the sleeve rods 2 is at least two, and an occlusal table 3 is arranged between the sleeve rods 2. The occlusion table 3 is fixed on the tie rod 1 through the cone truncated lock 12, and the occlusion table 3 is tapered. Structure and the end with the larger cross-sectional area faces the anchor head, and the end with the smaller cross-sectional area faces the bottom of the anchor hole. The occlusal table 3 increases the contact area between the tie rod, the slurry and the anchor hole, and the end with the large cross-sectional area increases the tie rod and the anchor hole. occlusion. The pressure bearing platform 4 is fixed on the bottom of the tie rod 1 through the cone truncated lock 12 , so as to realize the fixing of the rice-shaped plate 5 . As shown in FIG. 3, the tie rod 1 includes a threaded rod 11, and the threaded rod 11 is provided with a truncated cone lock 12, and the truncated cone lock 12 is fixed on the threaded rod 11 by filling the built-in screw and the screw, so as to realize the truncated cone The lock 12 is fixed with the threaded rod 11 . The conical small head end of the truncated cone lock 12 faces the anchor head end of the tie rod 1, which can realize the fixed connection with the occlusal table 3 and the pressure bearing table 4, that is, the tie rod 1 is pulled, and the occlusal table 3 is caused by the action of the slurry and the soil. The acting force of the bearing platform 4 is directed towards the bottom of the anchor hole, which further increases the anchoring effect of the anchor rod. And the conical small head end of the truncated cone lock 12 abuts on the sleeve rod 2 to prevent it from being displaced during use.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the center of the sleeve rod 2 is provided with a rod penetration hole 25 , the pull rod 1 is arranged in the rod penetration hole 25 , and the inner wall of the rod penetration hole 25 is provided with a step, which increases the inner wall of the rod penetration hole 25 The taper increases the bonding interface with the tie rod, and increases the occlusion of the tie rod 1 and the sleeve rod 2. The piercing hole 25 is provided with a through hole 24 that communicates with the outside, so that it is convenient to inject adhesive into the piercing hole to realize the consolidation of the tie rod 1 and the sleeve rod 2 . The steps include a first step 21, a second step 22 and a third step 23. The diameters of the rod penetration holes 25 where the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23 are located increase in sequence, that is, from the anchor along the tie rod. The first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23 are arranged in sequence from the head to the bottom of the anchor hole. The first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23 are all provided with through holes 24, and the through holes 24 are arranged in the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23. Between the lengths of the first step 21, the second step 22 and the third step 23, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the through holes are located in the middle of the three steps, respectively. The through-holes 24 of the two sides are filled with adhesive into the rod-piercing holes 25, and when the through-holes on both sides overflow the adhesive, it indicates that the adhesive has been filled with the rod-piercing holes 25. The diameter of the through hole 24 is in the range of 3 mm to 6 mm, and the length of the sleeve 2 is in the range of 30 to 60 cm.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the occlusal table 3 includes a table base 31, a base pad 33, a taper hole 34 and a general groove 35. A base pad 33 is fixed on the bottom of the table base 31, and the table base 31 is in the shape of a boss, and The large end of the boss-shaped cross-sectional area faces the anchor head, that is, the outside of the soil site. The function of the base pad 33 is to protect the platform base 31 . The center of the base 31 and the base pad 33 is provided with a taper hole 34 that matches the frustum lock 12. The taper hole 34 runs through the center of the base 31 and the base pad 33. As shown in FIG. 8, the taper hole 34 has a larger diameter. One end faces the bottom of the anchor hole, and the other end faces the anchor head. The base pad 33 is provided with a general groove 35; The stage base 31 and the base pad 33 are reinforced. The number of side ribs 32 is six, and they are fixed on the outer circumference of the platform base 31 at 60 angles to each other. There are two general grooves 35 , which are located on both sides of the base 31 and the general grooves 35 are sandwiched between the base pads 33 . The universal groove 35 can be used for assembly and adjustment after the rice-shaped plate is extended into the anchor hole, and it is also convenient for subsequent grouting into the anchor hole. Universal slot drains the anchor hole. The cross-sectional diameter of the base pad 33 of the occlusal table 3 is equal to 2/3~1 times the diameter of the anchor hole, which is convenient for the occlusal table 3 to be inserted into the anchor hole, and at the same time can realize the anchoring between the occlusal table and the slurry and the anchor hole.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the bearing platform 4 includes a base body 41 , a ring pad 43 , a frustum hole 44 and a triangular fixing 45 , and a ring pad 43 is fixed at the bottom of the base body 41 , and the ring pad 43 is directly connected to the rice-shaped plate 5 . Contact, for protecting the base 41, the lower part of the ring pad 43 is fixed with a triangular solid 45, the structure of the triangular solid 45 is a triangular prism, and the triangular solid 45 matches the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 of the assembly plate; As shown in 18, the number of the three-edge fixings 45 is set to 6, and the three-edge fixings 45 are clamped between the angles of the adjacent side boards and the middle board, thereby fixing the rice-shaped board 5. The length of the triangular fixings 45 is equal to 2/3 of the thickness of the ring pad 43 . The center of the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 is provided with a truncated cone hole 44 that matches the truncated cone lock 12. As shown in Figures 10 and 11 , the truncated cone hole 44 runs through the center of the base body 41 and the ring pad 43, that is, the truncated cone hole 44 The end with the smaller diameter faces the anchor head, and the end with the larger diameter faces the bottom of the anchor hole; the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 are fixedly provided with a vertical ridge 42, and the vertical ridge 42 is used to protect the base body 41 and the ring pad 43 and increase their reliability. sex. The distribution of the vertical ridges 42 is the same as the distribution along the circumference of the side plates 51 and the middle plate 52 of the assembled plate, as shown in FIG. 19 . The cross-sectional diameter of the ring pad 43 of the pressure bearing platform 4 is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole, which is convenient for extending into the bottom of the anchor hole, and can assist in the installation and fixation of the rice-shaped plate. The combination of the tie rod 1 and the sleeve rod 2 can be used independently, and can also be used in combination with one or more of the occlusal table 3 and the pressure bearing table 4 .

A method for using an anchor rod for soil site reinforcement, the steps of which are:

Step 1. The sleeve rod 2 is glued to the tie rod 1:

Pass the tie rod 1 through the rod hole 25 of the sleeve rod 2, that is, the sleeve rod 2 is worn on the tie rod 1, so that the axis of the sleeve rod 2 is collinear with the axis of the tie rod 1, and passes through the through hole 24 on the sleeve rod 2 Inject adhesive into the sleeve rod 2 to seal the rod penetration hole 25; maintain the adhesive between the sleeve rod 2 and the tie rod 1 until the bonding between the tie rod 1 and the sleeve rod 2 reaches a predetermined bond strength; The agent can realize the cementation of the sleeve rod 2 and the tie rod 1 to achieve consolidation.

Step 2. Installation of the rice-shaped plate 5 and the pressure-bearing platform 4:

Align the side groove of the side plate 51 of the rice-shaped board with the middle groove 522 of the middle board 52, and then set it on the sleeve rod 2 in the order of the side board 51, the middle board 52 and the side board 51 of the rice-shaped board 5; thus It is convenient for the snap connection of the following three boards. Apply adhesive to the inner wall of the frustum hole 44 of the bearing platform 4 and glue it on the frustum lock 12, apply adhesive to the inner spiral surface of the frustum lock 12, and glue the frustum lock 12 to the tie rod 1. Each surface coated with adhesive is cured to the predetermined strength of the adhesive; the fixed connection between the pressure platform and the tie rod 1 is realized by the truncated cone lock.

Step 3. Arrange prefabricated anchor rods in the anchor holes:

The prefabricated anchor rod is made in steps 1 and 2. The side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 on the sleeve rod 2 are inclined. The length of the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 is greater than the diameter of the anchor hole, which is convenient for the side plate and the middle plate. Enter the anchor hole and go deep into the bottom, and insert the sleeve rod 2 into the predetermined position in the anchor hole; use the long rod and external viewing equipment to assemble the side plate 51 and the middle plate 52 at the bottom of the anchor hole into a rice-shaped plate and place it at the bottom of the anchor hole , that is, the adjacent side plates and the middle plate are clamped through the middle groove and the side groove, and the adjacent side plates 51 and 52 are installed in the triangular fixing 45 of the bearing platform 4; The rice-shaped board is rotated, so that the six three-edge fixings 45 are respectively clamped in the space enclosed between the adjacent side boards and the middle board, and the three-edge fixings 45 are used to position the rice-shaped board.

Step 4. Inject different strength grades of slurries into the segmented anchoring section:

Insert the grouting pipe into the anchor hole. The grouting pipe can be set in the general groove of the occlusal table. The slurry in contact with the rice-shaped plate is injected with the maximum strength slurry. The rod is matched with a kind of strength grout; the grout is maintained to make it reach the predetermined strength; the strength is grouted in sections from the inside to the outside, which greatly improves the performance of the bolt.

Step 5. Install the anchor head: apply a pre-stressed pulling force of 1~3kN to the anchor rod, and install the anchor head on the extended end of the pull rod. As shown in Figure 1, the anchor head is installed on the outside of the site soil.

The method of injecting adhesive into the sleeve rod 2 to seal the rod penetration hole 25 in the first step is: injecting the adhesive into the rod penetration hole sleeve 25 from the through hole 24 on the second step 22 of the sleeve rod 2, The rod penetration holes 25 at both ends of the sleeve rod are blocked, and the injection of the adhesive is stopped when the adhesive overflows from the through holes 24 of the first step 21 and the third step 23 of the sleeve rod 2 . First, seal the rod penetration holes 25 at both ends of the sleeve rod, and inject adhesive into the rod penetration hole 25 from the through holes 24 on the second step 22. The first step 21 of the sleeve rod 2 and the through holes 24 of the third step 23 As a vent hole, when the vent hole has overflowed the adhesive, it proves that the piercing hole 25 has been filled with the adhesive.

When the anchor rod needs to use the occlusal table 3, after the sleeve rod 2 is glued to the tie rod 1 in step 1, the step of fixing the occlusal table 3 to the tie rod 1 is added: apply adhesive on the inner wall of the taper hole 34 of the occlusal table 3, Pass the tie rod 1 through the taper hole 34, apply adhesive to the inner helical surface of the frustum lock 12 and install it on the tie rod, then glue the taper hole 34 of the occlusal table 3 on the frustum lock 12, apply adhesive to each The surface is maintained until the strength of the adhesive is reached; in step 3, the long rod and the grouting pipe in step 4 both extend into the bottom of the anchor hole through the universal groove 35 of the occlusal table 3. The use of the occlusal table increases the occlusal friction between the rod and the slurry, making full use of the shear and compressive strength of the slurry.

The method of sub-strength grouting from the inside to the outside proposed by the present invention greatly improves the performance of the bolt. Moreover, the above structures can be used independently or in combination based on the combination of the tie rod and the sleeve rod. The present invention is based on the anchoring characteristics of "small damage, high anchoring force, and large deformation resistance", and can fully improve the performance of the traditional anchoring system for soil sites.

The invention is suitable for the anchoring of various anchoring lengths, various anchor hole diameters and earth sites with large deformation resistance requirements, and provides greater continuous anchoring force under the condition of less damage to the earth sites. It provides favorable conditions for the physical and mechanical compatibility of the rod body-slurry interface in the soil site, and solves the problem of the rod body being easily broken. The occlusal table and the m-shaped plate increase the occlusal effect between the rod and the slurry, making full use of the compressive properties of the slurry and the soil of the site. The anchoring performance of the soil site anchoring system is comprehensively improved. It has played an active role in the practice of anchoring engineering of soil sites.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. An anchor rod for soil site reinforcement, comprising a pull rod (1), characterized in that a sleeve rod (2) is sleeved on the outside of the pull rod (1), and a reinforcement structure is provided at the end of the pull rod (1); The reinforcement structure comprises an assembly plate and a pressure bearing platform (4), the pressure bearing platform (4) is fixed on the bottom of the tie rod (1), and the assembly plate is fixedly connected with the pressure bearing platform (4). 2. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, the assembling board is a m-shaped board (5), and the m-shaped board (5) comprises a side board (51) and a middle board (52), The side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are clamped together, the side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are both sleeved on the sleeve rod (2), and the side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) are The pressure bearing platform is detachably connected; the side plate (51) includes a side plate (511) and a side plate hole (513), and the side plate hole (513) is arranged in the center of the side plate (511); the middle plate (52) includes a middle wing plate (521) and a middle plate hole (523), the middle plate hole (523) is arranged in the center of the middle wing plate (521), and the middle plate hole (523) corresponds to the side plate hole (513) And they are all sleeved on the sleeve rod (2). 3. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 2, characterized in that a side groove (512) is provided on the outer circumference of the side plate hole (513), and a side groove (512) is provided on the outer circumference of the middle plate hole (523). There is a middle groove (522), and the middle groove (522) is clamped in the side groove (512). 4. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the number of the sleeve rods (2) is at least two, and an occlusal table (3) is provided between the sleeve rods (2). , the occlusal table (3) is fixed on the tie rod (1) through the truncated truncated lock (12); the pressure bearing table (4) is fixed on the bottom of the tie rod (1) through the truncated truncated lock (12). 5. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 4, characterized in that a rod penetration hole (25) is provided in the center of the sleeve rod (2), and steps are provided on the inner wall of the rod penetration hole (25), The piercing hole (25) is provided with a through hole (24) communicating with the outside; the steps include a first step (21), a second step (22) and a third step (23), the first step (21) The diameters of the rod penetration holes (25) where the second step (22) and the third step (23) are located increase in turn, and the first step (21), the second step (22) and the third step (23) are all provided with There are through holes (24). 6. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 4, wherein the occlusal platform (3) comprises a platform base (31), a base pad (33), a tapered hole (34) and a general groove (35) , the bottom of the platform base (31) is fixedly provided with a base pad (33), and the middle of the platform base (31) and the base pad (33) is provided with a taper hole (34) that matches the truncated cone lock (12). (33) is provided with a general groove (35); the outer sides of the platform base (31) and the base pad (33) are fixedly provided with side ribs (32). 7 . The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 6 , wherein the bearing platform ( 4 ) comprises a base body ( 41 ), a ring pad ( 43 ), a frustum hole ( 44 ) and a triangular fixed ( 7 . 45), the bottom of the base body (41) is fixed with a ring pad (43), the lower part of the ring pad (43) is fixed with a three-edged fixing (45), and the three-edged fixing (45) is connected to the side plate (51) and the middle of the assembly plate. The plates (52) are matched; the center of the base body (41) and the ring pad (43) is provided with a frustum hole (44) that matches the frustum lock (12); the base body (41) and the ring pad (43) are provided with Standing ridges (42) are fixed on the outside. 8 . The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to claim 7 , wherein the elastic modulus of the material of the sleeve rod ( 2 ) is smaller than the elastic modulus of the material of the tie rod ( 1 ); the side plate ( 51 ) and the middle The length of the plate (52) is equal to 2 to 5 times the diameter of the anchor hole; the cross-sectional diameter of the base pad (33) of the occlusal table (3) is equal to 2/3 to 1 times the diameter of the anchor hole; 4) The cross-sectional diameter of the ring gasket (43) is equal to the diameter of the anchor hole. 9. The soil site reinforcement anchor rod according to any one of claims 1, 5-8, is characterized in that, the steps of its using method are: Step 1. The sleeve rod (2) is glued to the tie rod (1): Pass the tie rod (1) through the rod penetration hole (25) of the sleeve rod (2), so that the axis of the sleeve rod (2) is collinear with the axis of the tie rod (1). The hole (24) injects adhesive into the sleeve rod (2) to seal the rod penetration hole (25); maintain the adhesive between the sleeve rod (2) and the pull rod (1) until the pull rod (1) and the sleeve The bond between the rods (2) reaches a predetermined bond strength; Step 2. Installation of the rice-shaped plate (5) and the pressure-bearing platform (4): Align the side groove of the side board (51) of the rice-shaped board with the middle groove (522) of the middle board (52), and then press the side board (51), middle board (52) and side Set the plate (51) on the sleeve rod (2) in sequence; apply adhesive to the inner wall of the frustum hole (44) of the pressure bearing platform (4) and glue it on the frustum lock (12), then lock the frustum lock (12). (12) Coating adhesive on the inner spiral surface, cementing the truncated cone lock (12) on the tie rod (1), and curing each surface coated with adhesive to the predetermined strength of the adhesive; Step 3. Arrange prefabricated anchor rods in the anchor holes: Tilt the side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) on the sleeve rod (2), and insert the sleeve rod (2) into the anchor hole at the predetermined position; The plate (52) is assembled into a rice-shaped plate and placed at the bottom of the anchor hole, and the side plate (51) and the middle plate (52) fixed by the side groove (512) and the middle groove (522) are installed on the bearing platform ( 4) inside the triangular solid (45); Step 4. Inject different strength grades of slurries into the segmented anchoring section: Insert a grouting pipe into the anchor hole, and inject the slurry with the maximum compressive strength into the slurry in contact with the rice-shaped plate. Conserve the slurry to make it reach the predetermined strength; Step 5. Install the anchor head: apply a pre-stressed pulling force of 1~3kN to the anchor rod, and install the anchor head on the extended end of the pull rod. 10 . The method of using an anchor rod for soil site reinforcement according to claim 9 , wherein the method of injecting adhesive into the sleeve rod ( 2 ) to seal the rod penetration hole ( 25 ) in the first step is: 10 . The through hole (24) on the second step (22) of the sleeve rod (2) is injected into the through-rod hole (25) by injecting adhesive to block the through-rod holes (25) at both ends of the sleeve rod. Stop injecting the adhesive when the through holes (24) of the first step (21) and the third step (23) of the sleeve rod (2) overflow; After the sleeve rod (2) in step 1 is cemented to the pull rod (1), add the step of cementing the occlusal table (3) to the pull rod (1): apply adhesive on the inner wall of the taper hole (34) of the occlusal table (3) , pass the tie rod (1) through the taper hole (34), apply adhesive to the inner helical surface of the cone lock (12) and install it on the tie rod, and then glue the taper hole (34) of the occlusal table (3) to the cone On the table lock (12), the surfaces on which the adhesive is applied are maintained until the strength of the adhesive is reached; in step 3, the long rod and the grouting pipe in step 4 pass through the general groove ( 35) Reach into the bottom of the anchor hole.

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