CN111470627A - Denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio - Google Patents
Denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio. The method comprises the steps of firstly enabling the wastewater to pass through a regulating tank to achieve uniform water quality and water quantity, then removing most organic matters through an upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank, sequentially carrying out shortcut nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and finally carrying out denitrification reaction in a denitrification filter tank. The upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank can obviously reduce the content of organic matters and reduce the influence of the organic matters on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction; the combination of the shortcut nitrification reaction and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation can remove a large amount of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the water body, finally remove the residual organic matters in the wastewater and a small amount of nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction through the denitrification effect, and simultaneously can reduce the concentration of suspended matters in the effluent, thereby solving the problem of poor denitrification effect of the traditional process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological sewage treatment, and particularly provides a denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio.
Background
The livestock and poultry breeding industry is one of the main shoring industries of rural economy in China at present. The modern livestock and poultry breeding industry is gradually developed along with the progress of urbanization, changes the mode of mainly breeding scattered livestock and poultry in the past and gradually changes into the production mode of mainly breeding intensive livestock and poultry. Although the change of the breeding mode enables the livestock and poultry breeding industry in cities of China to develop at a high speed and high quality, a plurality of environmental problems are brought. According to investigation of livestock and poultry breeding in Taihu lake basin of Jiangsu province, the Taihu lake basin is close to 10000 families, and 1.41 million tons of ammonia nitrogen are produced annually. The existing livestock and poultry breeding wastewater process mainly adopts biochemistry, and the problems of high ammonia nitrogen concentration and low carbon nitrogen ratio are often faced in a denitrification process section. Although the traditional denitrification processes adopted in the market at present, such as A/O, ammonia stripping and the like, have a certain removal effect, the adaptability of some waste water is poor, and the effluent is difficult to reach the standard; some of them have high investment and operation cost and are difficult to apply to practical engineering.
The invention of application No. 201811147371.7 (application No. 2018.09.29) discloses a device and a method for removing nitrogen and carbon from sewage with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, which comprises a raw water tank, a denitrification carbon removal reactor, a carbon removal intermediate water tank, a partial short-cut nitrification reactor, a nitrification intermediate water tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, an ammonia oxidation intermediate water tank and an ion exchange resin reactor which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein an online concentration detection device is arranged in each reactor, a water outlet end of each reactor is provided with a water outlet valve, a pH probe, a DO probe and an aeration head are also arranged in the partial short-cut nitrification reactor, and the device further comprises a P L C controller.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem of poor denitrification effect of the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the denitrification treatment process of the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio is provided, the wastewater firstly passes through a regulating tank to achieve uniform water quality and water quantity, then most organic matters are removed through an upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank, then shortcut nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation are sequentially carried out, and finally denitrification reaction is carried out in a denitrification filter tank, so that the denitrification effect of the livestock breeding wastewater can be improved.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, which comprises the following steps:
s100, enabling waste water to enter a regulating tank to be uniform in water quantity and water quality, wherein the regulating tank is provided with a stirrer;
s200, enabling the effluent to enter an anaerobic hydrolysis tank, wherein the anaerobic hydrolysis tank is an up-flow anaerobic hydrolysis tank and is provided with a filler; the generated sludge flows back to a water inlet of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank or goes to a sludge tank;
s300, after the effluent enters a nitrosation tank for short-range nitration reaction, discharging the effluent into a sedimentation tank; returning sludge generated in the sedimentation tank to a nitrosation tank or conveying the sludge to a sludge tank;
s400, discharging the effluent of the sedimentation tank into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, and performing anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is round, and floating fillers are arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank;
s500, discharging the effluent into a denitrification filter tank for denitrification reaction.
Preferably, the adjusting tank in the S100 is a square tank body, the hydraulic retention time is 1.5-2.5h, and the stirrer is a vertical stirrer.
Preferably, the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the S200 is a square tank body and comprises a water distribution zone, a reaction zone and a sedimentation zone, and all the zones are connected through a water discharge port; the packing is arranged in the reaction zone.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time of the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the S200 is 16-18 h.
Preferably, the DO of the nitrosation pond in S300 is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 mg/L, and the hydraulic retention time is 12-14 h.
Preferably, the sedimentation tank in S300 is a vertical sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation time is 3-4 h.
Preferably, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank in S400 is 20-24 h.
Preferably, the floating filler in S400 is a HDPE filler having a filler density of 0.95-1.0g/cm3The filling rate of the filler is 40-50%.
Preferably, the denitrification filter in the S500 is provided with a filtering area, the filtering materials in the filtering area are divided into three layers from top to bottom, and the three layers are respectively anthracite with the grain diameter of 1.0-1.5mm, quartz sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm and magnetite with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm.
3. Advantageous effects
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratios, the wastewater enters the regulating tank to regulate the water quality and water quantity, then enters the anaerobic hydrolysis tank to perform a microbial anaerobic reaction, the effluent enters the nitrosation tank to perform a short-range nitration reaction, then is discharged into the sedimentation tank, is precipitated, then is discharged into the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank to perform an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen, and finally is discharged into the denitrification filter tank to treat the effluent;
(2) according to the denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the content of organic matters can be remarkably reduced by the up-flow anaerobic hydrolysis tank, and the influence of the organic matters on anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is reduced; by combining the shortcut nitrification reaction and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation, a large amount of nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the water body can be removed, and finally, the residual organic matters in the wastewater and a small amount of nitrate nitrogen generated by the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction are removed through denitrification, and meanwhile, the concentration of suspended matters in the effluent can be reduced, so that the problem of poor denitrification effect of the traditional process is solved;
(3) according to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater denitrification treatment process with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the adjusting tank is provided with the stirrer, so that the uniform allocation of water quality is accelerated; the anaerobic hydrolysis tank is an up-flow anaerobic hydrolysis tank, the sludge-water mixing state can be improved in the baffling process of the wastewater, and the sludge concentration in the tank is effectively improved by arranging the filler in the tank, so that the impact load resistance of the system is improved; the nitrosation system can convert the ammonia nitrogen part in the wastewater into nitrite nitrogen, and provides a substrate for the subsequent anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction;
(4) according to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater denitrification treatment process with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, nitrosation and anaerobic ammonia oxidation are combined, and different from the conventional denitrification process of nitrification and denitrification, the nitrosation-anaerobic ammonia oxidation is an autotrophic reaction, no additional carbon source is required to be added, and the operation cost is reduced; after the filler is added to form the membrane bioreactor, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge can be effectively intercepted, a sedimentation tank and a reflux system are not required to be arranged, the investment can be effectively reduced, and the denitrification effect is provided; moreover, the dissolved oxygen level of the membrane on the filler is reduced in a gradient manner from the outer layer to the inner layer, so that an aerobic and anoxic microenvironment is formed inside the membrane, so that nitrosation and anaerobic ammoxidation reactions can be simultaneously completed in the anaerobic ammoxidation tank body, and the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is ensured to have an enough reaction substrate;
(5) according to the denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank is a circular tank body, so that dead water areas in the reaction tank body are reduced; the density of the filler in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is 0.95-1.0g/cm3The filler is in a suspended state after being hung on the membrane, and a good mass transfer effect can be realized in the tank body; the filling rate of the filling materials in the tank is 40-50%, so that the quantity of microorganisms in the tank can be ensured, the water in the tank body can be kept in a better mixing and stirring state, and the denitrification treatment load is improved to the maximum extent;the retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank is 20-24h, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank is shorter than the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank in the same technology, so that the investment cost is reduced;
(6) according to the denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the DO value in the nitrosation pool is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 mg/L, the nitrosation degree can be controlled to be 50-60%, the ratio of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the effluent of the nitrosation pool can be about 1:1.3, and the substrate ratio requirement of the subsequent anaerobic oxidation reaction can be further met;
(7) according to the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater denitrification treatment process with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, the denitrification filter tank is arranged at the rear end of the process, so that part of nitrate nitrogen generated by anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction can be reduced, part of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and SS (suspended solids) can be reduced, and the quality of effluent water is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart for treating livestock and poultry breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples: the patent is further described by taking this as an example, and the embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and do not limit the present invention.
The invention provides a denitrification process for livestock and poultry breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s100, enabling the wastewater to enter a regulating tank to homogenize water volume and water quality, wherein the regulating tank is provided with a stirrer, and the stirrer can be a vertical stirrer or a stirrer of other types; the adjusting tank is a square tank body, and the hydraulic retention time is 1.5-2.5 h;
s200, enabling the effluent to enter an anaerobic hydrolysis tank, wherein the anaerobic hydrolysis tank is an up-flow anaerobic hydrolysis tank, and the generated sludge flows back to a water inlet of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank or goes to a sludge tank, and the hydraulic retention time is 16-18 h; the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank is a square tank body and comprises a water distribution area, a reaction area and a sedimentation area, and all the areas are connected through a water outlet; the filler is fixedly arranged in the reaction zone, and the used filler is polyester fiber elastic filler with the diameter phi of 150 mm; it is worth mentioning that the sludge in the sludge tank can be transported out for treatment;
s300, enabling the effluent to enter a nitrosation tank for aeration short-cut nitrification reaction, and then discharging the effluent into a sedimentation tank, controlling DO of the nitrosation tank to be 0.5-0.8 mg/L, and controlling the hydraulic retention time to be 12-14h, wherein the design can ensure that the nitrosation degree is controlled to be 50-60%, and the ratio of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the effluent of the nitrosation tank is about 1:1.3, so that the substrate proportion requirement of the subsequent anaerobic oxidation reaction is met;
s400, discharging the effluent of the sedimentation tank into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, and performing anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen, wherein the hydraulic retention time is 20-24 h; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is round, floating filler is arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, the used filler is HDPE filler, namely high-density polyethylene filler, and the density of the filler is 0.95-1.0g/cm3The filling rate of the filler is 40-50%;
further, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank is a circular tank body, so that a dead water area in the reaction tank body is reduced; the density of the filler in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is 0.95-1.0g/cm3The filler is in a suspended state after being hung on the membrane, and a good mass transfer effect can be realized in the tank body; the filling rate of the filling materials in the tank is 40-50%, so that the quantity of microorganisms in the tank can be ensured, the water in the tank body can be kept in a better mixing and stirring state, and the denitrification treatment load is improved to the maximum extent;
s500, discharging the effluent into a denitrification filter tank for denitrification reaction, reducing part of nitrate nitrogen generated by anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, reducing part of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and SS (suspended solids) and improving the quality of the effluent; further, the denitrification filter tank is provided with a filter area, filter materials in the filter area are divided into three layers, the upper layer is a smokeless coal layer, the middle layer is a quartz sand layer, the lower layer is a magnetite layer, the particle size of the used anthracite is 2 times of that of the quartz sand, and the particle size of the used anthracite is 3 times of that of the magnetite; preferably, anthracite with the grain diameter of 1.0-1.5mm, quartz sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm and magnetite with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.5mm are respectively arranged from top to bottom.
In the embodiment, the process is applied to the actual livestock and poultry breeding wastewater, the main indexes of the wastewater are that COD is in the range of 500-600 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is in the range of 500-700 mg/L, SS is in the range of 300-400 mg/L, and the process flow is as follows:
the wastewater firstly enters an adjusting tank to adjust the water quality and the water quantity, the hydraulic retention time is 2 hours, the wastewater flows to an upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank after being completely mixed, the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank is provided with a water inlet allocation zone, a reaction zone and a precipitation zone, the water distribution zone enables water distribution to be uniform and reduces kinetic energy consumption, the reaction zone is provided with a plurality of compartments to ensure anaerobic reaction to be fully carried out, each compartment is provided with an elastic filler to enable the reaction zone to have microorganism suspension and biofilm growth modes, biomass can be effectively intercepted, the treatment load is improved, the precipitation zone can avoid the arrangement of the precipitation tank, the sludge is intercepted while the suspension quantity of the effluent is reduced, the sludge is refluxed to the water inlet end of the reaction zone to ensure the sludge quantity in the tank, the residual sludge can be discharged through a pipeline connected to the sludge reflux pump, the hydraulic retention time of the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank is 17 hours, the COD concentration in the wastewater is reduced to about 130-160 mg/L, the SS concentration is reduced to about 140-L, the content of organic matters and the suspended matters in the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank are reduced, and the content of the suspended matters and the subsequent anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is prevented from influencing the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction.
The effluent of the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank automatically flows into a nitrosation tank, part of ammonia nitrogen in the tank is oxidized into nitrite nitrogen through nitrosation reaction, the nitrosation degree is controlled, the ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrite nitrogen in the tank is ensured to be about 1:1.3, a submersible stirrer is arranged in the nitrosation tank, the tank body is ensured to be in a complete mixing state under the condition of low aeration disturbance level, in the embodiment, the hydraulic retention time of the nitrosation tank is 13 hours, the DO is controlled to be 0.5 mg/L, the effluent automatically flows into a sedimentation tank, the sedimentation time is 3.5 hours, the nitrosation sludge brought out along with the effluent is precipitated to the bottom of the tank through the mud-water separation function of the sedimentation tank, and part of the nitrosation sludge is precipitated at the bottom ofThe chemical sludge flows back to the nitrosation tank to ensure the sludge concentration in the tank, and the residual sludge is pumped to the sludge tank. And (3) enabling the effluent of the sedimentation tank to flow to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, enabling ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen to perform anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction under the action of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (anammox), and generating nitrogen and a small amount of nitrate nitrogen under an anoxic condition, thereby realizing denitrification. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation tank is internally provided with a feeding density of 0.95g/cm3The filling rate of the filler is 40 percent, and the diameter isThe HDPE filler can better intercept anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge by a film hanging mode, simultaneously can improve biomass and improve nitrogen treatment load, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is 22 hours, the ammonia nitrogen content is reduced to 40-60 mg/L, and the total nitrogen is reduced to 60-80 mg/L.
The effluent of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank automatically flows into a denitrification filter tank, and the concentrations of organic matters, total nitrogen and suspended matters in the wastewater are further reduced through denitrification and filtration, the effluent of the denitrification filter tank is discharged after being collected from a water outlet weir at the top of a reaction zone, the treatment process of the wastewater is completed, the COD concentration is 120 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 40-60 mg/L, the total nitrogen concentration is 50-70 mg/L, and the suspended matter concentration is 80-100 mg/L, and the main indexes of the final effluent are far superior to the discharge indexes of pollutants for livestock and poultry industry (GB 18596-2001).
Preferably, if the whole process is provided with a corresponding P L C automatic control system, the automatic operation degree is greatly improved, the workload of manual operation is reduced, meanwhile, the process can be accurately controlled, and the operation effect is better.
TABLE 1 quality of inlet and outlet water for livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatment
Example 2
The basic content of the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1, but the difference is that the hydraulic retention time of the adjusting pool is 1.5 h; anaerobic hydrolysis tankThe hydraulic retention time is 16h, the hydraulic retention time of the nitrosation pool is 12h, DO is 0.65 mg/L, the sedimentation time of the sedimentation pool is 3h, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation pool is 20h, and the filler adding density is 0.97g/cm3The filler filling rate was 45%.
The detection result shows that the effect produced after the parameter adjustment is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The basic content of this example is the same as example 1, except that the hydraulic retention time of the conditioning tank is 2.5 hours, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank is 18 hours, the hydraulic retention time of the nitrosation tank is 14 hours, the DO is 0.8 mg/L, the settling time of the settling tank is 4 hours, the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is 24 hours, and the filler addition density is 1.0g/cm3The filler filling rate was 50%.
The detection result shows that the effect produced after the parameter adjustment is similar to that of the embodiment 1, and is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of creating a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A denitrification treatment process for livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, enabling waste water to enter a regulating tank to be uniform in water quantity and water quality, wherein the regulating tank is provided with a stirrer;
s200, enabling effluent to enter an anaerobic hydrolysis tank, wherein the anaerobic hydrolysis tank is an up-flow anaerobic hydrolysis tank and is provided with a filler; the generated sludge flows back to a water inlet of the anaerobic hydrolysis tank or goes to a sludge tank;
s300, after the effluent enters a nitrosation tank for short-range nitration reaction, discharging the effluent into a sedimentation tank; returning sludge generated in the sedimentation tank to a nitrosation tank or conveying the sludge to a sludge tank;
s400, discharging the effluent of the sedimentation tank into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank, and performing anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction to remove ammonia nitrogen; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank is round, and floating fillers are arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation tank;
s500, discharging the effluent into a denitrification filter tank for denitrification reaction.
2. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the adjusting tank in the S100 is a square tank body, the hydraulic retention time is 1.5-2.5h, and the stirrer is a vertical stirrer.
4. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the S200 is a square tank body and comprises a water distribution area, a reaction area and a sedimentation area, and all the areas are connected through a water outlet; the packing is arranged in the reaction zone.
5. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic retention time of the upflow anaerobic hydrolysis tank in the S200 is 16-18 h.
6. The process for denitrifying wastewater of livestock and poultry breeding with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, wherein DO of the nitrosation pool in S300 is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 mg/L, and the hydraulic retention time is 12-14 h.
7. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sedimentation tank in the S300 is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation time is 3-4 h.
8. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydraulic retention time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction tank in the S400 is 20-24 h.
9. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the floating filler in S400 is HDPE filler, and the density of the filler is 0.95-1.0g/cm3The filling rate of the filler is 40-50%.
10. The denitrification treatment process for the livestock breeding wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low carbon nitrogen ratio according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the denitrification filter tank in the S500 is provided with a filtering area, the filtering materials in the filtering area are divided into three layers from top to bottom, and the three layers are respectively anthracite with the grain diameter of 1.0-1.5mm, quartz sand with the grain diameter of 0.5-0.8mm and magnetite with the grain diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm.
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