CN111470503A - Recycling method of garbage power generation fly ash chelate - Google Patents

Recycling method of garbage power generation fly ash chelate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111470503A
CN111470503A CN202010213078.7A CN202010213078A CN111470503A CN 111470503 A CN111470503 A CN 111470503A CN 202010213078 A CN202010213078 A CN 202010213078A CN 111470503 A CN111470503 A CN 111470503A
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temperature
fly ash
furnace
power generation
garbage
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CN202010213078.7A
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CN111470503B (en
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邱志勇
董玉霞
戴焕儿
姚高治
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Zibo Xincan Industry And Trade Co ltd
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Shandong Ruixuan New Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/20Graphite
    • C01B32/205Preparation

Abstract

The invention provides a method for recycling a fly ash chelate for garbage power generation, which comprises the following steps: firstly, putting the chelate into a graphite crucible, and putting the graphite crucible into a high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace; secondly, tamping and burying the outside of the graphite crucible by using a resistance material; and thirdly, electrifying the high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace in the first step by using an ultrahigh-power graphite electrode. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the chelate is processed into a high-carbon graphite material, the carbon content of the high-carbon graphite material reaches the ppm level (more than 99.99 percent), the waste is recycled, and the pollution caused by the large-scale exploitation of domestic graphite mineral products is solved.

Description

Recycling method of garbage power generation fly ash chelate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chelate purification, in particular to a method for recycling a fly ash chelate in garbage power generation.
Background
At present, the fly ash chelate for treating garbage and generating electricity in China has only two modes: the method has the advantages that firstly, a landfill method is adopted, a pit is dug in an open area, anti-seepage treatment is performed on the bottom of the pit, and then landfill is performed, so that the method has the defects that a large amount of land resources are occupied, the land which is subjected to landfill cannot be reused, secondary leakage of heavy metals in the fly ash chelate is not eliminated along with the lapse of time, and secondary pollution is caused to soil; and the other is a cement kiln synergistic treatment method, wherein the cement kiln carries out secondary combustion treatment on the chelate, the disadvantage is that the ash produced after secondary combustion is garbage, and heavy metals are left.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art and provides a method for recycling a fly ash chelate in garbage power generation.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method for recycling a fly ash chelate in garbage power generation comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the chelate into a graphite crucible, and putting the graphite crucible into a high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace;
secondly, tamping and burying the outside of the graphite crucible by using a resistance material;
and thirdly, electrifying the high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace in the first step by using an ultrahigh-power graphite electrode.
Further, in the second step, the resistance material is graphite powder or petroleum coke.
Further, in the third step, the final temperature in the furnace is 2600-.
Further, the power-on time is 24-36 h.
Further, the transformer selected for electrifying is 1500 volts.
And further, in the third step, chlorine gas is filled when the temperature in the furnace rises to 1500 ℃, and 300 kilograms of chlorine gas is filled when the temperature rises to 500 ℃ per hour until the temperature of the furnace is completely raised.
Furthermore, in the third step, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 2000 ℃, Freon is charged, and 30 kilograms of Freon are charged by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is finished completely.
Further, in the third step, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 2500 ℃, nitrogen is filled, and 500 kilograms of nitrogen is filled by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is finished completely.
Further, in the third step, inert gas is filled when the temperature in the furnace reaches 2600-.
Further, the inert gas is argon, and 500 kilograms of argon is filled by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the material obtained at this time is changed into a high-carbon graphite material through the scheme, the carbon content of the high-carbon graphite material reaches the ppm level (more than 99.99 percent), the waste is truly recycled, and the pollution caused by the large-scale exploitation of domestic graphite mineral products is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the temperature trend with time in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the time-dependent temperature profile in example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The results of the fly ash chelate detection before the test and before the treatment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 detection of fly ash chelate before treatment
Detecting items Detection value Detected value Standard limit value Unit of
Barium salt 0.32 0.06 25 mg/L
Cadmium (Cd) <0.01 0.01 0.015 mg/L
Nickel (II) <0.02 0.02 0.5 mg/L
Beryllium (beryllium) <0.004 0.004 0.02 mg/L
Lead (II) 0.03 0.03 0.25 mg/L
Copper (Cu) 0.02 0.01 40 mg/L
Zinc 0.04 0.01 100 mg/L
Arsenic (As) 0.0024 0.001 0.3 mg/L
Mercury 0.00249 0.00002 0.05 mg/L
Selenium 0.0157 0.0001 0.1 mg/L
Hexavalent chromium <0.004 0.004 1.5 mg/L
Total chromium 0.02 0.02 4.5 mg/L
Water content 5.6 / <30
The detection result shows that the fly ash chelate for power generation of the household garbage contains a plurality of trace harmful metals and nonmetal components, wherein lead, mercury, arsenic and chromium have great toxicity to human bodies, lead poisoning can cause chronic damage, and the damage to hematopoietic systems, nervous systems and kidneys is particularly obvious; mercury poisoning can cause metabolic disturbance, and organic mercury is a metal element with strong acute toxicity, accumulation effect, teratogenesis, mutagenesis and chronic poisoning; the poisoning mainly damages the kidney, the bone and the digestive system, and the bone pain disease is caused by the heavy metal element; acute arsenic poisoning is mainly symptoms of gastroenteritis, severe cases can cause paralysis death of the central nervous system, and chronic arsenic poisoning is mainly manifested as neurasthenia syndrome; the toxicity of chromium compounds is the greatest of hexavalent chromium, which can interfere with the activity of various important enzymes in the body, influence the redox and hydrolysis of substances, and research also shows that chromium has carcinogenicity.
A method for recycling a fly ash chelate in garbage power generation comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the chelate into a graphite crucible, and putting the graphite crucible into a high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace;
the graphite crucible is used as a chelate processing container, has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, good conductivity and the like, and is superior to other processing containers; the chelate is put into a graphite crucible, and the graphite crucible is put into a graphitization furnace and is regularly arranged, so that the chelate is conductive and generates heat to generate high temperature; compared with other kilns, the high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace has the advantages of low construction cost, high efficiency, energy conservation, long service life and the like.
Secondly, tamping and burying the outside of the graphite crucible by using a resistance material, wherein the resistance material is preferably graphite powder or petroleum coke, insulating the outside of the graphite crucible filled with fly ash chelate by using metallurgical coke, filling and tamping petroleum coke among gaps of the graphite crucible, wherein the petroleum coke contains carbon substances with needle or granular structures of tiny graphite crystals, has a honeycomb structure, and is mostly oval in inner holes of a coke block and mutually communicated, and is beneficial to discharging gas generated in the graphite crucible;
and thirdly, electrifying the high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace in the first step by using an ultrahigh-power graphite electrode. The ultra-high power graphite electrode is formed by mixing needle coke and coal tar pitch, and has strong thermal shock resistance, high mechanical strength and good oxidation performance due to the uniqueness of the needle coke.
As shown in fig. 1, a starting power of 3000KVA, 300KVA per hour, temperature to 1000 degrees, followed by 200KVA per hour, temperature to 2200 degrees, followed by 500KVA per hour, temperature to 3000 degrees;
introducing chlorine when the temperature is raised to 1500 ℃, keeping the chlorine for one hour when the temperature is 1500 ℃, ensuring that the chlorine is introduced in a unit of forty tons of furnaces, ensuring that the chlorine is introduced in an amount of 1000 kilograms (starting to be introduced in a unit of 500 ℃ per hour until the temperature of the furnaces is completely raised), ensuring that the gas and products in the furnaces fully react, keeping the gas for one hour when the temperature is raised to 2000 ℃, ensuring that the gas and the products in the furnaces fully react by taking the forty tons of furnaces as a unit, ensuring that the gas and the products in the furnaces fully react by taking 100 kilograms of Freon (starting to be introduced in a unit of 500 ℃ per hour until the temperature of the furnaces is completely raised), keeping the gas for one hour when the temperature is raised to 2500 ℃, keeping the gas in a unit of forty tons of furnaces, ensuring that the nitrogen is introduced in an amount of 1500 kilograms (starting to be introduced in a unit of 500 ℃ per hour until the temperature of the furnaces is completely raised to be completely raised, and (3) fully reacting the gas with the products in the furnace, and introducing an inert gas when the temperature reaches 2600-3000 ℃, wherein the inert gas is preferably argon, the quantity of the introduced argon is 1500 kg in a unit of forty ton furnace (500 kg is introduced in a unit of 500 ℃ per hour until the complete temperature rise of the furnace is finished).
Introducing chlorine and freon according to a temperature rise curve, starting to introduce the chlorine when the temperature rises to 1500 ℃, taking a 30-ton furnace as a unit, and introducing 20 kg of chlorine, wherein each hour is an interval time period, and the aim is to react the chlorine and metal and nonmetal components in the fly ash chelate to generate chloride at high temperature;
the chemical reaction in the furnace is as follows:
Ba+CL2=BaCl2;Cd+CL2=CdCL2;Ni+CL2=NiCL2;Be+CL2=BeCL2;Pb+2CL2=PbCL4
Cu+CL2=CuCL2;Zn+2CL2=ZnCL2;2As+3CL2=2AsCL3;Hg+CL2=HgCL2;Se+CL2=SeCL2
Cr+3CL2=CrCL6
when the temperature rises to 2000 ℃, charging Freon, mainly aiming at reacting with heavy metal in fly ash (the heavy metal which can not be reflected by chlorine at high temperature is completed by Freon, the charging of Freon is 20 kg by taking 30 tons of furnaces as a unit, and each hour is an interval time period);
when the temperature reaches 2500 ℃, nitrogen is filled, and the main purpose is to discharge the residual body in the fly ash after the reaction;
when the temperature in the furnace reaches 2600-.
Chelate detection after reaction, table 2:
TABLE 2 post-treatment test report
Component (A) Ratio of
Sulphur portion 0
Ash content 0.24%
Water content 4.64%
Volatile matter 0.30%
Fixed carbon 94.82%
Various trace toxic and harmful metal and nonmetal elements are finally recovered in the form of chloride at high temperature, and various metal or nonmetal chlorides can be sold to a third party for further recovery treatment.
Example 2
Different from the example 1, as shown in FIG. 2, chlorine gas was introduced when the temperature was raised to 1500 degrees, the amount of chlorine gas introduced was in units of forty ton furnaces, the amount of chlorine gas introduced was 1000 kg (300 kg was started by 500 degrees per hour until the complete temperature rise of the furnace was completed), the amount of Freon was introduced when the temperature was raised to 2000 degrees, the amount of Freon was 100 kg in units of forty ton furnaces (30 kg was started by 500 degrees per hour until the complete temperature rise of the furnace was completed), nitrogen gas was introduced when the temperature was raised to 2500 degrees, the amount of nitrogen gas introduced was 1500 kg in units of forty ton furnaces (500 degrees per hour was started by 500 kg until the complete temperature rise of the furnace was completed), the temperature was raised to 2600-, the amount of argon gas charged was 1500 kg (500 kg was charged in the unit of 500 ℃ per hour until the furnace was completely heated), so that the reaction of the gas with the furnace product was complete, and the composition data after treatment are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 post-treatment test report
Component (A) Ratio of
Sulphur portion 0
Ash content 0.12%
Water content 2.14%
Volatile matter 0.20%
Fixed carbon 90.17%
In conclusion, in the embodiments 1 and 2, under the same method and different experimental conditions, trace amounts of toxic and harmful metals and non-metallic elements are finally recovered in the form of chloride, and the embodiment 1 has better effect than the embodiment 2.
The two embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for recycling a fly ash chelate in garbage power generation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the chelate into a graphite crucible, and putting the graphite crucible into a high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace;
secondly, tamping and burying the outside of the graphite crucible by using a resistance material;
and thirdly, electrifying the high-temperature neutralization reaction furnace in the first step by using an ultrahigh-power graphite electrode.
2. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the second step, the electric resistance material is graphite powder or petroleum coke.
3. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the third step, the final temperature in the furnace is 2600-.
4. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the electrifying time is 24-36 h.
5. The method for recycling fly ash chelates in power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the transformer selected for electrifying is 1500V.
6. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the third step, chlorine gas is filled when the temperature in the furnace rises to 1500 ℃, and 300 kilograms of chlorine gas is filled by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is completed.
7. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the third step, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 2000 ℃, charging Freon, starting to charge 30 kilograms by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is finished completely.
8. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the third step, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 2500 ℃, nitrogen is filled, and 500 kilograms of nitrogen is filled by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is finished completely.
9. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and in the third step, inert gas is filled when the temperature in the furnace reaches 2600-.
10. The method for recycling fly ash chelates for power generation from garbage as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and the inert gas is argon, and 500 kg of inert gas is filled by taking the temperature rise of 500 ℃ per hour as a unit until the temperature rise of the furnace is completed.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112700902A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-04-23 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 Method for treating waste graphite crucible

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003010813A (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-14 Furukawa Co Ltd System for decomposing organic chlorine compound contained in fly ash
CN1759941A (en) * 2005-11-22 2006-04-19 沈阳航空工业学院 New type heating and fusing method and equipment for dealing with flying ash generated by burning garbage
CN205110343U (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-30 中国天楹股份有限公司 Processing system of chlorion and heavy metal among domestic waste incineration fly ash
CN107052029A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-18 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of refuse incineration flying dust electric arc melting system
CN206911916U (en) * 2017-05-03 2018-01-23 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of refuse incineration flying dust electric arc melting system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003010813A (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-14 Furukawa Co Ltd System for decomposing organic chlorine compound contained in fly ash
CN1759941A (en) * 2005-11-22 2006-04-19 沈阳航空工业学院 New type heating and fusing method and equipment for dealing with flying ash generated by burning garbage
CN205110343U (en) * 2015-11-09 2016-03-30 中国天楹股份有限公司 Processing system of chlorion and heavy metal among domestic waste incineration fly ash
CN107052029A (en) * 2017-05-03 2017-08-18 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of refuse incineration flying dust electric arc melting system
CN206911916U (en) * 2017-05-03 2018-01-23 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of refuse incineration flying dust electric arc melting system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112700902A (en) * 2020-11-20 2021-04-23 中核北方核燃料元件有限公司 Method for treating waste graphite crucible

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