CN111470043B - Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device - Google Patents
Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111470043B CN111470043B CN202010370552.7A CN202010370552A CN111470043B CN 111470043 B CN111470043 B CN 111470043B CN 202010370552 A CN202010370552 A CN 202010370552A CN 111470043 B CN111470043 B CN 111470043B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- energy
- cylinder
- buffering
- piston
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/02—Dropping, ejecting, or releasing articles
- B64D1/08—Dropping, ejecting, or releasing articles the articles being load-carrying devices
- B64D1/14—Absorbing landing shocks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure and an air-drop protection device, wherein the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure comprises the following components: the device comprises a cylinder, a piston, an oil cylinder, a pressing block limiting cylinder, a piston assembly and the like; the piston assembly comprises a piston support, an oil cylinder piston and an energy-absorbing material pressing block; the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the air cylinder piston, and the pressing block limiting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the bottom connecting flange; the energy absorbing material is filled in the pressing block limiting cylinder; a spring is arranged between the oil cylinder piston and the air cylinder piston, and an energy-absorbing material pressing block at the bottom end of the piston assembly is positioned in the pressing block limiting cylinder; the piston assembly plays a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing oil liquid and a spring in the oil cylinder through the oil cylinder piston, and plays a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing an energy absorbing material through an energy absorbing material pressing block; the cylinder piston and the oil cylinder are used for playing a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing gas in the cylinder. The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that the safety and the structure weight of the existing equipment are contradictory in impact/collision.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of equipment protection technologies, and in particular, to a combined buffering and energy absorbing structure and an air drop protection device.
Background
Under modern complex terrain war conditions and geological disaster environments, the air drop mode is widely applied to fixed-point transportation of materials, equipment and the like according to the characteristics of maneuverability, suddenly and timely. Taking an unmanned helicopter as an example, the unmanned helicopter has wide application in the aspects of complex terrain exploration, national inspection, terrorism prevention, battle and the like; and because of the limitation of ground traffic conditions, the problem is that the ground traffic conditions are transported to a designated place in time. As an alternative method, the low-altitude air drop has the characteristics of no limit by terrain, rapid transportation and the like. In order to ensure the safety and reliability of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the air drop process, the ground contact impact load during landing is generally required to be within a limited range, and the impact resistance function is often required to be realized through speed reduction and one or more buffer designs. In addition to parachute deceleration, the throwing height is controlled; the conveyor generally throws out equipment at a lower flying height, and lands at a certain speed after decelerating through a drogue; and a buffer technology is generally adopted for buffer load reduction in the landing process, so that the equipment can safely land.
Patent CN104973333a proposes a mobile pharmacy suitable for air drop, which adopts a double-layer buffer layer structure design, so that the safety of medicines in the process of delivery can be effectively ensured, but heavy equipment (such as unmanned aerial vehicles, vehicles and the like) with strict limitation is not applicable to land overload. Patent CN203358865U proposes an air-drop airbag type buffer device, which adopts four buffer airbags to form a regular tetrahedron configuration, and protects a target object in the regular tetrahedron airbag to realize landing protection, wherein the design is easy to puncture the airbag for irregular target objects, especially for target objects with sharp parts; in addition, when the landing speed is high, bouncing and tumbling of the object are easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure and an air-drop protection device, which are used for solving the problem that the safety of the existing equipment in impact/collision and the weight of the structure are contradictory.
The embodiment of the invention provides a combined buffering and energy absorbing structure, which comprises the following components: the device comprises a top connecting flange, a constant pressure exhaust valve, an air cylinder piston, an oil cylinder, oil liquid, a spring, an energy absorbing material, a pressing block limiting cylinder, a bottom connecting flange and a piston assembly; the piston assembly comprises a piston support, an oil cylinder piston fixedly arranged at the top end of the piston support, and an energy-absorbing material pressing block fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the piston support, wherein the oil cylinder piston is provided with an oil hole for circulating oil;
the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top connecting flange, the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the cylinder piston, the cylinder piston and part of the oil cylinder are nested in the cavity of the cylinder, and the pressing block limiting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the bottom connecting flange; the cylinder is filled with gas, the oil cylinder is filled with oil liquid, and the pressing block limiting cylinder is filled with energy absorbing materials;
the cylinder piston at the top end of the piston assembly is positioned in the cylinder, a spring is arranged between the cylinder piston and the cylinder piston, and the energy-absorbing material pressing block at the bottom end of the piston assembly is positioned in the pressing block limiting cylinder; the piston assembly is used for compressing oil liquid and springs in the oil cylinder through the oil cylinder piston to play a role in buffering and energy absorption, and compressing energy absorption materials through the energy absorption material pressing block to play a role in buffering and energy absorption;
the cylinder piston and the oil cylinder are used for playing a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing gas in the cylinder;
and a constant-pressure exhaust valve is arranged at the position, close to the top connecting flange, of the cylinder and is used for exhausting by opening the constant-pressure exhaust valve after the gas in the cylinder is compressed to a preset pressure.
Alternatively, in a modular cushioning energy absorbing structure as described above,
the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure is used for compressing energy-absorbing materials through an energy-absorbing material pressing block in the process of ground contact buffering and energy-absorbing, so that large impact buffering at the moment of ground contact is realized, and impact kinetic energy is absorbed;
the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure is also used for compressing oil in the oil cylinder through the oil cylinder piston after the energy-absorbing material is compressed to a compaction state, so that the oil flows from the oil hole to generate damping energy consumption, and the air in the air cylinder is compressed through the oil cylinder and air cylinder piston through the fixing structure, so that the buffering and energy-absorbing effect is realized.
Optionally, in the combined buffering energy absorbing structure as described above, the method further includes: the air cushion inflation trigger is arranged on the top connecting flange and is connected with a controlled air cushion;
the air cushion inflation trigger is used for triggering the inflation of the controlled air cushion and enabling the upper end face of the controlled air cushion to be lifted when the air cylinder piston is in contact with the air cushion inflation trigger on the top connecting flange through movement.
Optionally, in the combined buffering energy absorbing structure as described above, the energy absorbing material includes: at least one of foamed aluminum and honeycomb aluminum.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an air drop protection device, which comprises: the device comprises a protective box body, a target object locking mechanism, a target object placing platform and at least four combined buffering and energy absorbing structures, wherein the combined buffering and energy absorbing structures are described in any one of the above;
the object placing platform is arranged in the protective box body, the object is placed on the object placing platform, and the object is fixed in the protective box body through the object locking mechanism;
the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is uniformly distributed between the bottom surface of the protective box body and the target object placing platform, the bottom of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the protective box body through a bottom connecting flange, and the top of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the target object placing platform through a top connecting flange.
Optionally, in the air drop protection device as described above, the air drop protection device further includes:
the four deceleration umbrellas are arranged at the top of the protective box body, are arranged at four corners of the top of the protective box body, are used for putting the protective box body to decelerate and descend when putting the protective box body at high speed, and enable the protective box body to vertically fall and touch the ground.
Optionally, in the air drop protection device as described above, the air drop protection device further includes:
the top of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the controlled air cushion through a top connecting flange;
the controlled air cushion is used for inflating and expanding and lifting the object placing platform through triggering of an air cushion inflation trigger.
Optionally, in the air drop protection device as described above,
the protective box body has the functions of unfolding and folding and is used for guaranteeing rapid installation of the target object and taking out and using the target object after the target object is put into a destination.
The combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure and the air drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention adopt the design concept of a foam aluminum-oil-air three-stage buffering energy-absorbing structure, integrate the modes of foam aluminum compression energy absorption, oil damping buffering, air compression buffering and the like, can realize the efficient dissipation of landing impact kinetic energy, reduce the impact overload peak value, and ensure that landing overload is in the design permission range. The combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure can be reused only by replacing foamed aluminum, and the cost of the energy-absorbing structure can be effectively reduced. According to the air drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the combined type buffering and energy absorbing structure is used as a main buffering and energy absorbing means, and the deceleration of the drogue and the auxiliary action of the controlled air cushion can be combined, so that the high-efficiency buffering of the impact in the landing process is realized, the landing safety of a heavy object under the condition of relatively large air drop speed is further ensured, and the situations of bouncing, rollover and the like of the object in the landing process can be prevented.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and do not limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined buffering and energy absorbing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a combined buffering and energy absorbing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an air drop protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an air drop protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a landing buffering process.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
Aiming at the defects of the existing air-drop protective equipment, in order to meet the requirements of small impact and no rolling of a heavy target object in the air-drop landing process, the embodiment of the invention provides a combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and a reloading air-drop protective device adopting the energy-absorbing structure. The combined impact buffering and energy absorbing structure adopts a three-stage buffering design method, integrates the modes of foam aluminum compression energy absorption, oil damping buffering, air compression buffering and the like, and achieves efficient reduction of landing load. The reinstallation airdrop protection device takes the combined buffering energy-absorbing structure as a main body, combines umbrella deceleration and air cushion protection, and has the characteristics of high buffering efficiency, small landing impact, difficult landing bouncing and rolling, adaptation to the working condition of high-speed landing and the like.
The following specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined buffering and energy absorbing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. The combined buffering and energy absorbing structure provided in this embodiment may include: the device comprises a top connecting flange 201, a constant pressure exhaust valve 203, a cylinder 205, a cylinder piston 206, an oil cylinder 207, oil 208, a spring 209, an energy absorbing material 213, a pressing block limiting cylinder 214, a bottom connecting flange 215 and a piston assembly.
In the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure shown in fig. 1, the piston assembly in the embodiment of the invention comprises a piston support 211, an oil cylinder piston 210 fixedly arranged at the top end of the piston support 211, and an energy absorbing material pressing block 212 fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the piston support 211, wherein an oil hole for circulating oil 208 is arranged on the oil cylinder piston 210.
In the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure shown in fig. 1, an air cylinder 205 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of a top connecting flange 201, an oil cylinder 207 is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of an air cylinder piston 206, the air cylinder piston 206 and a part of the oil cylinder 207 are nested in a cavity of the air cylinder 205, and a pressing block limiting cylinder 214 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of a bottom connecting flange 215; the cylinder 205 is filled with gas 204, the cylinder 207 is filled with oil 208, and the pressing block limiting cylinder 214 is filled with energy absorbing material 213. Alternatively, the energy absorbing material 213 in embodiments of the present invention may be aluminum foam, aluminum honeycomb, or other energy absorbing material 213.
In the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure shown in fig. 1, an oil cylinder piston 210 at the top end of a piston assembly is positioned in an oil cylinder 207, a spring 209 is arranged between the oil cylinder piston 210 and an air cylinder piston 206, and an energy-absorbing material pressing block 212 at the bottom end of the piston assembly is positioned in a pressing block limiting cylinder 214; the piston assembly is used for compressing oil 208 and a spring 209 in the oil cylinder 207 through an oil cylinder piston 210 to play a role of buffering and absorbing energy, and compressing an energy absorbing material 213 through an energy absorbing material pressing block 212 to play a role of buffering and absorbing energy.
The cylinder piston 206 and the cylinder 207 in the embodiment of the invention are of a connecting structure, and are used for playing a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing the gas 204 in the cylinder 205.
In practical applications, in the embodiment of the present invention, a constant pressure exhaust valve 203 is installed near the top connecting flange 201 of the cylinder 205, and is used for exhausting by opening the constant pressure exhaust valve 203 after the gas 204 in the cylinder 205 is compressed to a preset pressure, so as to prevent overload from exceeding a design limit value.
The combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for executing the airborne tasks, and plays a role in buffering and energy-absorbing at the moment of touchdown in the airborne process. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure according to the embodiment of the present invention. In the process of ground contact buffering and energy absorption, firstly, an energy absorption material 213 is compressed through an energy absorption material pressing block 212, so that large impact buffering at the moment of ground contact is realized, impact kinetic energy is absorbed, and the initial overload of impact is avoided; after the energy absorbing material 213 is compressed to a compacted state, the oil 208 in the oil cylinder 207 is compressed through the oil cylinder piston 210, so that the oil 208 flows from the oil hole to generate damping energy consumption, and the air 204 in the air cylinder 205 is compressed through the fixed connection structure of the oil cylinder 207 and the air cylinder piston 206 by the air cylinder piston 206, so that the buffering energy absorbing effect is further realized, and the landing load is reduced.
According to the working principle, the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure provided by the embodiment of the invention creatively adopts the design of the three-stage serial buffering and energy-absorbing structure of energy-absorbing materials, oil damping and air constant pressure compression, and realizes the maximum absorption of landing kinetic energy by the effective combination of three buffering and energy-absorbing modes, and simultaneously effectively slows down landing impact overload, and ensures the structural safety and overload requirements of a target object. In addition, as the fixed-pressure exhaust valve is arranged on the cylinder wall at the upper end of the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure, the transmission of excessive load generated by gas compression to a target object can be effectively prevented.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the combined buffering energy absorbing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention may further include: an air cushion inflation trigger 202 mounted on the top attachment flange 201, the air cushion inflation trigger 202 being connected to a controlled air cushion.
The air cushion inflation trigger 202 in the embodiment of the invention can prevent the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure from completely dissipating landing kinetic energy, when the air cylinder piston 206 contacts the air cushion inflation trigger 202 on the top connecting flange 201 through movement, the inflation of the controlled air cushion is triggered, and the upper end surface of the controlled air cushion is lifted. The controlled air cushion is usually installed at the lower part of the target platform, namely, the target platform is lifted through the inflation of the controlled air cushion, so that the target is further protected, and the buffer and the limiting of landing overload are realized.
The combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure provided by the embodiment of the invention can be suitable for an air drop protection device of large equipment, adopts the design concept of a foam aluminum-oil-air three-stage buffering and energy-absorbing structure, can realize the efficient dissipation of landing impact kinetic energy, slows down the impact overload peak value, and ensures that landing overload is in the design permission range. In addition, the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure can be reused only by replacing foamed aluminum, and the cost of the energy-absorbing structure can be effectively reduced.
Based on the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure provided by the above embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention further provide an air drop protection device, as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of the air drop protection device provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The air drop protection device in the embodiment of the invention can comprise: a protective case 1, a target 3, a target locking mechanism, a target placement platform 8, and at least four combined cushioning and energy absorbing structures 2 as in any of the embodiments described above.
The protective case 1 in the embodiment of the invention is used for containing the target object 3, and the protective case 1 has the functions of unfolding and folding, and is used for ensuring the rapid installation of the target object 3 and taking out and using the target object 3 after putting the target object 3 to a destination. In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target 3 contained in the protection box 1 is exemplified by, but not limited to, an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is exemplified by the target locking mechanism including the landing gear locking mechanism 5 and the tail rotation locking mechanism 6.
In the air drop protection device shown in fig. 3, a stable placement platform for the target object 3 is arranged in the protection box 1, the target object 3 is placed on the target object placement platform 8, and the target object 3 is fixed in the protection box 1 through a target object locking mechanism (a landing gear locking mechanism 5 and a tail rotation locking mechanism 6 in fig. 3) so as to prevent the target object 3 from shaking in the transportation and throwing process.
The air drop protection device of the embodiment of the invention takes the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure 2 as a main energy-absorbing structure, the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure 2 is uniformly distributed between the bottom surface of the protection box body 1 and the object placing platform 8, the bottom of the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the protection box body 1 through the bottom connecting flange 215, and the top of the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the object placing platform 8 through the top connecting flange 201.
Optionally, the air drop protection device in the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
at least four drogue 4 installed at the top of the protective box 1, and the at least four drogue 4 are installed at four corners of the top of the protective box 1, so as to realize that the protective box 1 is put in to slow down and descend when put in at high speed, and the protective box 1 is enabled to drop down and touch the ground vertically.
In practical application, the number of the drogue 4 is usually not less than four, and more drogue 4 can be installed at four corners of the top of the protection box 1. If the object 3 is transported by a helicopter suspension mode, and put in at a lower height, the drogue 4 may not be installed.
Optionally, the air drop protection device in the embodiment of the present invention may further include:
the controlled air cushion 7 is arranged between the bottom surface of the object placing platform 8 and the top of the combined type buffering and energy absorbing structure 2, and in the structure, the top of the combined type buffering and energy absorbing structure 2 is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the controlled air cushion 7 through the top connecting flange 201.
The controlled air cushion 7 in the embodiment of the invention is used for inflating and expanding and lifting the object placing platform 8 through triggering of the air cushion inflation trigger 202.
According to the air drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the drop height is too high or the object 3 is too heavy, and the landing speed is too high, the combined type buffering and energy absorbing structure 2 cannot completely buffer and absorb energy, the controlled air cushion 7 can be triggered to be inflated to realize rebuffering, so that the structural safety of the object 3 is further protected. It can be seen that the air drop protection device takes the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure 2 in the embodiment as a main energy absorbing structure, and is assisted by the decelerating effect of the drogue 4 and the buffering effect of the controlled air cushion 7, so that the landing safety of the target object 3 can be ensured to the maximum extent.
In the air drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the combined type buffering and energy absorbing structure 2 provided by the embodiment is taken as a main buffering and energy absorbing means, and in addition, the decelerating of the drogue 4 and the auxiliary action of the controlled air cushion 7 can be combined, so that the high-efficiency buffering of the impact in the landing process is realized, the landing safety of the heavy object 3 under the condition of relatively large air drop speed is further ensured, and the situations of bouncing, rollover and the like of the object 3 in the landing process can be prevented.
The reloading air drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention has wide applicability and can be applied to the air drop of heavy equipment such as unmanned aerial vehicles, artillery, vehicles and the like. The reloading and throwing protection device takes the buffering and energy absorbing effect of the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure as a main part and takes the buffering effect of the speed reducing umbrella and the controlled air cushion as an auxiliary part, so that the landing impact overload of heavy equipment can be ensured to be in the range of design requirements. The combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure adopts the design of an energy-absorbing material, oil damping and air compression three-stage buffering and energy-absorbing structure, can efficiently absorb impact kinetic energy, alleviate an impact overload peak value and ensure the structural safety and overload requirements of a target object. The air drop protection device can be reused only by replacing foamed aluminum, and the cost of the whole device can be effectively reduced.
The following describes in detail the implementation manner of the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure and the air-drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention through a specific embodiment.
Examples:
fig. 3 and fig. 4 show an embodiment of an air-drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention for an unmanned aerial vehicle air-drop process, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the air-drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention in the air-drop process, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air-drop protection device provided by the embodiment of the invention in the landing buffer process. The unmanned aerial vehicle is fixed on the target object platform through the locking mechanism, the drogue is installed at four corners of the protection box body, the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure is installed at the bottom of the protection box body, and the top plate of the combined type buffering energy-absorbing structure and the target object platform are placed with a controlled air cushion in a retracted state in the middle. The combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure adopts a foam aluminum-oil-air three-stage buffering and energy-absorbing structure, so that the high-efficiency dissipation of landing impact kinetic energy can be realized, and the landing overload is ensured to be within the design permission range; the air drop protection device is designed to take the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure as a main buffering and energy absorbing means, and combines the decelerating (optional) function of the drogue and the auxiliary function of the controlled air cushion, so that the landing safety of heavy objects under the condition of relatively large air drop speed can be ensured, and the situations of bouncing, rollover and the like of the objects in the landing process can be prevented.
After the air drop protection device with the unmanned aerial vehicle is thrown down from the conveyor or the helicopter, the four speed reduction umbrellas at the top are automatically opened under the action of air, so that the speed reduction of the target object and the protection box body is realized. Under the action of gravity and drag of the drogue, the protective device falls vertically.
When the bottom of the air-drop protection device contacts the ground at a certain speed, the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure starts to work, and high-efficiency buffering and energy-absorbing are realized through a three-level buffering and energy-absorbing mechanism.
According to the design, the foam aluminum is firstly subjected to compression deformation, so that the upward transmission of a large impact load at the moment of grounding is prevented, the uniform upward transmission of the impact load at a lower level is realized, and the overload born by a target object is limited.
The foam aluminum compression process is divided into three stages, namely an elastic stage, a platform stage and a compaction stage, and the buffering and energy absorption is mainly applied to the second stage, namely the platform stage, during preliminary analysis. Compressive load F f Can be expressed as:
wherein E is f Modulus of elasticity at elastic stage, A f Is the section area of foamed aluminum, S f For compression stroke, L f To the height of foamed aluminum，σ f，s For plateau stress ε f，s For yield strain, ε f，f Is dense strain.
When the foamed aluminum reaches a compaction state, the oil cylinder and the air cylinder work in a combined way so as to further buffer and absorb energy. The piston of the oil cylinder moves relative to the oil cylinder, so that oil in the oil cylinder is extruded to flow through the oil passing hole, and impact kinetic energy is dissipated through flow damping, so that impact buffering is realized. Because the oil damping can play a better role in buffering and dissipating energy at a lower relative speed, the damping can not play a role in dissipating energy at a higher relative speed. The lower foamed aluminum is needed to buffer, and after the target object and the protective box body are decelerated, the oil cylinder is excited to move relatively, so that buffering and energy consumption are realized. According to Bernoulli equation, the oil damping force F under the condition of low speed (the low speed condition generally refers to the movement speed of the cylinder piston is less than 10 m/s) can be obtained through deduction h Can be expressed as:
wherein: ρ h Is oil density; a is that h The effective oil pressing area of the main oil cylinder is; a is that d The effective overflow area of the main oil hole is the effective overflow area of the main oil hole in the forward and backward strokes;
the flow coefficients of the main oil hole during the forward and backward strokes are respectively; a is that hL The effective oil pressing area of the oil return cylinder is; />
The effective overflow area of the oil return hole during the forward and backward strokes respectively; />
The flow coefficients of the oil return holes are respectively the flow coefficients of the oil return holes in the forward and reverse strokes.
And the oil cylinder is connected with the piston of the cylinder under the damping action of the oil liquid, so that the gas in the cylinder is pushed to compress, and the buffer unloading is realized. A constant-pressure exhaust valve is arranged at the position, close to the top, of the cylinder, and the exhaust pressure of the constant-pressure exhaust valve is set to be a set pressure so as to prevent the gas from exceeding a limited transmission load after being compressed.
For the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure, the air spring force F can be obtained according to an ideal gas state equation a The expression is as follows:
wherein: v (V) a0 An initial volume for the air cylinder; gamma is the air cylinder compression polytropic index; p (P) a0 For initial air volume of cylinder, P atm At standard atmospheric pressure S a For cylinder travel, P s The exhaust pressure of the constant-pressure exhaust valve is obtained.
The oil damping in the oil cylinder and the gas buffering in the air cylinder act together to further dissipate landing impact kinetic energy and slow down the transfer of landing impact load to a target object.
If the drop height is too high or the weight of the target object is too large, the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure cannot fully absorb landing kinetic energy. The cylinder piston can compress to the top to touch the air cushion and aerify the trigger, trigger air cushion inflation and expand, realize the buffering again of target object, further protect target object safety.
By the three-stage buffering and energy absorbing effect of the combined buffering and energy absorbing structure and the buffering effect of the drogue and the air cushion, impact load can be effectively reduced, landing overload is limited within a design range, and the structural safety and the electrical system safety of a target object in the landing process are ensured.
While the foregoing has been provided with some detail for the purposes of clarity and understanding, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the details of construction and the arrangement of the invention, but is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the embodiments are only used for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make any modification and variation in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A modular cushioning energy absorbing structure comprising: the device comprises a top connecting flange, a constant pressure exhaust valve, an air cylinder piston, an oil cylinder, oil liquid, a spring, an energy absorbing material, a pressing block limiting cylinder, a bottom connecting flange and a piston assembly; the piston assembly comprises a piston support, an oil cylinder piston fixedly arranged at the top end of the piston support, and an energy-absorbing material pressing block fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the piston support, wherein the oil cylinder piston is provided with an oil hole for circulating oil;
the cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the top connecting flange, the oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the lower end face of the cylinder piston, the cylinder piston and part of the oil cylinder are nested in the cavity of the cylinder, and the pressing block limiting cylinder is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the bottom connecting flange; the cylinder is filled with gas, the oil cylinder is filled with oil liquid, and the pressing block limiting cylinder is filled with energy absorbing materials;
the cylinder piston at the top end of the piston assembly is positioned in the cylinder, a spring is arranged between the cylinder piston and the cylinder piston, and the energy-absorbing material pressing block at the bottom end of the piston assembly is positioned in the pressing block limiting cylinder; the piston assembly is used for compressing oil liquid and springs in the oil cylinder through the oil cylinder piston to play a role in buffering and energy absorption, and compressing energy absorption materials through the energy absorption material pressing block to play a role in buffering and energy absorption;
the cylinder piston and the oil cylinder are used for playing a role in buffering and absorbing energy by compressing gas in the cylinder;
a constant-pressure exhaust valve is arranged at the position, close to the top connecting flange, of the air cylinder, and is used for exhausting by opening the constant-pressure exhaust valve after the air in the air cylinder is compressed to a preset pressure;
the three-stage series connection buffering energy-absorbing structure of energy-absorbing materials, oil damping and air constant pressure compression is formed through the pressing block limiting cylinder buffering mechanism, the oil cylinder buffering mechanism and the air cylinder buffering mechanism which are mutually crosslinked from bottom to top.
2. The composite cushioning and energy absorbing structure of claim 1,
the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure is used for compressing energy-absorbing materials through an energy-absorbing material pressing block in the process of ground contact buffering and energy-absorbing, so that large impact buffering at the moment of ground contact is realized, and impact kinetic energy is absorbed;
the combined buffering and energy-absorbing structure is also used for compressing oil in the oil cylinder through the oil cylinder piston after the energy-absorbing material is compressed to a compaction state, so that the oil flows from the oil hole to generate damping energy consumption, and the air in the air cylinder is compressed through the oil cylinder and air cylinder piston through the fixing structure, so that the buffering and energy-absorbing effect is realized.
3. The modular cushioning energy absorbing structure of claim 1, further comprising: the air cushion inflation trigger is arranged on the top connecting flange and is connected with a controlled air cushion;
the air cushion inflation trigger is used for triggering the inflation of the controlled air cushion and enabling the upper end face of the controlled air cushion to be lifted when the air cylinder piston is in contact with the air cushion inflation trigger on the top connecting flange through movement.
4. A combined cushioning energy absorbing structure according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the energy absorbing material comprises: at least one of foamed aluminum and honeycomb aluminum.
5. An air drop protection device, comprising: a protective case, a target locking mechanism, a target placement platform, and at least four combined cushioning and energy absorbing structures as defined in any one of claims 1-4;
the object placing platform is arranged in the protective box body, the object is placed on the object placing platform, and the object is fixed in the protective box body through the object locking mechanism;
the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is uniformly distributed between the bottom surface of the protective box body and the target object placing platform, the bottom of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the protective box body through a bottom connecting flange, and the top of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the target object placing platform through a top connecting flange.
6. The aerial delivery protection device of claim 5, further comprising:
the four deceleration umbrellas are arranged at the top of the protective box body, are arranged at four corners of the top of the protective box body, are used for putting the protective box body to decelerate and descend when putting the protective box body at high speed, and enable the protective box body to vertically fall and touch the ground.
7. The aerial delivery protection device of claim 5, further comprising:
the top of the combined type buffering and energy-absorbing structure is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the controlled air cushion through a top connecting flange;
the controlled air cushion is used for inflating and expanding and lifting the object placing platform through triggering of an air cushion inflation trigger.
8. An air drop protection device as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein,
the protective box body has the functions of unfolding and folding and is used for guaranteeing rapid installation of the target object and taking out and using the target object after the target object is put into a destination.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010370552.7A CN111470043B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010370552.7A CN111470043B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111470043A CN111470043A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
| CN111470043B true CN111470043B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
Family
ID=71757193
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010370552.7A Active CN111470043B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111470043B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112413038B (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-01-18 | 大连理工大学 | Composite load reduction device for high-speed water entry of navigation body |
| CN113074007B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-09-27 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Anti-impact energy absorber for hydraulic support |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101357707A (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-02-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Air-pressure buffer type middleware air-dropping container |
| CN103043219B (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2016-02-10 | 天津全华时代航天科技发展有限公司 | Unmanned plane reclaims shock-absorption air bag |
| GB2514582B (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2015-07-22 | Cook Foundation | Aerial delivery system |
| CN104973333B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-06-23 | 郑静晨 | The mobile pharmacy for disaster assistance being made up of matrix form hanging bag and insulating box |
| CN105035489A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-11-11 | 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院卫生装备研究所 | Air-drop box with air bag protection device |
| CN207660927U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-27 | 东莞市巨力气动液压设备有限公司 | High-voltage oil cylinder structure with pooling feature and pneumohydraulic pressure-cylinder |
| CN108341165A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽省鸣新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of foamed aluminium air-drop case buffer module, foamed aluminium drop case |
| CN108657433A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-10-16 | 德化县美丽澄电脑经营部 | A kind of aerial dispensing umbrella shape robot of shatter-resistant |
| CN108953455B (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-10-08 | 东南大学 | A kind of adjustable air damping buffer |
| CN109878923A (en) * | 2018-12-16 | 2019-06-14 | 孙文慧 | A kind of container launched suitable for low latitude |
| CN110254721B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2023-07-18 | 河海大学常州校区 | Buffer platform is put in air |
| CN110712861A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-21 | 西安理工大学 | Buffering energy-absorbing device of foam-filled polygonal corrugated sandwich pipe |
| CN110861837A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-06 | 汤勇刚 | Umbrella-free air-drop device |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 CN CN202010370552.7A patent/CN111470043B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111470043A (en) | 2020-07-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111470043B (en) | Combined buffering energy-absorbing structure and air-drop protection device | |
| US3265163A (en) | Shock absorber | |
| EP4003835B1 (en) | Shock absorbing strut | |
| GB1563273A (en) | Shock absorber | |
| CN101012007A (en) | Two-stage series connection two-chamber buffer | |
| CN103661965A (en) | Built-in extension-type landing buffering mechanism | |
| CN105940237B (en) | Buffer device for collision | |
| CN101357685A (en) | Air drop automatic energy-absorbing vibration absorption flat-bed of heavy device | |
| CN213442810U (en) | Anti-collision carriage | |
| CN210592414U (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle shock-proof type undercarriage | |
| CN108674635B (en) | A kind of undercarriage pendant hits energy absorption device | |
| US3290037A (en) | Multiple orifice oleo-pneumatic shock/strut | |
| US5947538A (en) | Impact absorbing apparatus | |
| CN104653693A (en) | Energy absorption simulation test device | |
| CN1618698A (en) | Life saving scheme of airplane and verticraft | |
| CN1663883A (en) | Air-landing device and weight air-dropping device for manned military equipment | |
| CN114110081B (en) | Helicopter landing gear buffer | |
| CN115352639A (en) | Distribution bearing triggerable buffering energy-absorbing airplane cabin luggage rack structure | |
| CN112413029B (en) | Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer | |
| Esgar | Survey of energy-absorption devices for soft landing of space vehicles | |
| CN213323737U (en) | Load protection cabin for unmanned aerial vehicle | |
| JP2006232075A (en) | Landing impact absorber for rotor craft | |
| US3484826A (en) | Impact landing system | |
| CN106812853B (en) | A kind of buffering shock-absorbing platform and its working method | |
| Niebylski et al. | Metal foams as energy absorbers for automobile bumpers |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |