CN112413029B - Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer - Google Patents

Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112413029B
CN112413029B CN202011090460.XA CN202011090460A CN112413029B CN 112413029 B CN112413029 B CN 112413029B CN 202011090460 A CN202011090460 A CN 202011090460A CN 112413029 B CN112413029 B CN 112413029B
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China
Prior art keywords
piston rod
outer cylinder
bearing sleeve
oil
piston
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CN202011090460.XA
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CN112413029A (en
Inventor
魏小辉
房兴波
韩雨莹
陈虎
聂宏
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/06—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using both gas and liquid
    • F16F9/061—Mono-tubular units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/32—Alighting gear characterised by elements which contact the ground or similar surface 
    • B64C25/58—Arrangements or adaptations of shock-absorbers or springs
    • B64C25/60—Oleo legs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/3207—Constructional features
    • F16F9/3221—Constructional features of piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/34—Special valve constructions; Shape or construction of throttling passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/36—Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/43—Filling or drainage arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a buffering, retracting and integrated crushing and energy-absorbing type landing gear crash-resistant buffer, and belongs to an autonomous oil injection buffer of an aircraft take-off and landing device. The piston rod has the capacity of absorbing external impact to achieve buffering, and the piston rod can move by actively injecting oil to increase the pressure of an oil cavity. The device comprises an outer cylinder, a piston rod, a floating piston, a honeycomb, an upper bearing sleeve and a lower bearing sleeve; the top end of the outer cylinder is closed, the bottom end of the outer cylinder is open, and the piston rod 4 extends into the outer cylinder from the bottom opening of the outer cylinder; the sealing between the top of the piston rod and the outer cylinder is realized through the upper bearing sleeve; the sealing between the piston rod and the bottom of the outer cylinder is realized through the lower bearing sleeve; an upper oil injection hole and a lower oil injection hole are formed in the side wall of the outer cylinder; the honeycomb is arranged between the floating piston and the bottom of the containing groove. The crash-resistant buffer of the crushing energy-absorbing landing gear integrating buffering and retraction is formed, the flow rate of oil liquid can be automatically controlled in the working state, and the function of the buffer can be used in two-in-one mode.

Description

Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to an autonomous oil injection buffer of an aircraft take-off and landing device.
Background
With the continuous development of landing gear technology, the design of the buffer is also an important research object. The structural arrangement of the strut of the bumper directly affects the oil-gas working performance, the static-dynamic performance characteristics, the reliability of use, and the take-off and landing performance and safety of the aircraft, and therefore the bumper is undoubtedly the most important part of the landing gear. Most modern aircraft employ oil-gas bumpers which have the highest efficiency and the best capacity to absorb work among all forms of bumpers.
When the common double-action buffer works, the piston rod receives the action of external force, moves upwards to push oil in the oil cavity to flow into the dry air or nitrogen gas chamber, and compressed gas and liquid absorb energy simultaneously; under the action of external force, oil flows through one or more small holes to generate damping to dissipate the impact energy of the landing gear; the rebound energy of the buffer after initial impact is controlled by forcing oil to reversely flow through one or more rebound oil holes by the pressure of the compressed air and then to flow back to the oil return cavity. If the oil backflow speed is too high, the airplane can quickly bounce upwards, and even the tires leave the ground; if the oil liquid backflow speed is too slow, the strut cannot restore to the original shutdown state fast enough, sufficient damping cannot be provided, repeated impact energy of the airplane is absorbed, and sliding overload is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a buffer retraction and extension integrated crushing energy-absorbing undercarriage anti-crash buffer which can realize the autonomous oil injection to control the buffer to work, control the oil flow rate and improve the buffer characteristic of the existing buffer.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the device comprises an outer cylinder 3, a piston rod 4, a floating piston 7, a honeycomb 8, an upper bearing sleeve 2 and a lower bearing sleeve 9; the top end of the outer barrel 3 is closed, the bottom end of the outer barrel 3 is open, and the piston rod 4 extends into the outer barrel 3 from the bottom opening of the outer barrel 3;
the sealing between the top of the piston rod 4 and the outer cylinder 3 is realized through the upper bearing sleeve 2; the sealing between the piston rod 4 and the bottom of the outer cylinder 3 is realized through a lower bearing sleeve 9; an upper oil injection hole 1 and a lower oil injection hole 5 are formed in the side wall of the outer cylinder 3, the upper oil injection hole 1 is located above the upper bearing sleeve 2, and the lower oil injection hole 5 is located between the upper bearing sleeve 2 and the lower bearing sleeve 9;
an accommodating groove with an open top is formed in the piston rod 4, a piston cover 40 is fixedly connected to a notch of the accommodating groove, and an oil passing small hole is formed in the piston cover 40;
the floating piston 7 is slidably disposed in the accommodating groove, and the honeycomb 8 is disposed between the floating piston 7 and the bottom of the accommodating groove.
An upper oil filling valve is arranged in the upper oil filling hole 1, and a lower oil filling valve is arranged in the lower oil filling hole 5.
The bottom opening of the outer barrel 3 is further provided with a sealing element 10, the sealing element 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the outer barrel 3 through a nut 11, and the sealing element 10 is fixedly connected with the lower bearing sleeve 9.
The top end of the outer barrel 3 is fixedly connected with an upper lug 6, and the bottom end of the piston rod 4 is fixedly connected with a lower lug 12.
The top end of the piston cover 40 is fixedly connected with a limiting sleeve 41, the limiting sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston cover 40, and the top surface of the limiting sleeve 41 is higher than the top surface of the piston rod 4, so that the upper oil injection hole 1 is always located above the upper bearing sleeve 2.
The honeycomb 8 is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged aluminum honeycomb plates.
According to the invention, the piston rod with the lug is arranged in the outer barrel with the lug, and the outer barrel is sealed by the sealing element at the matching part of the inner wall of the outer barrel and the piston rod, so that leakage caused by overlarge oil pressure is prevented, and the smooth movement of the piston rod can be still maintained. An upper shaft sleeve and a lower shaft sleeve are designed between the piston rod and the outer cylinder to protect the piston rod from being abraded, the piston rod and the outer cylinder jointly form sealing, and fastening is achieved through matching with a nut. An upper oil filling valve and a lower oil filling valve are arranged on the surface of the outer cylinder, the piston rod is pushed to move downwards by filling oil into the upper oil filling valve, and the piston rod is pushed to move upwards by filling oil into the lower oil filling valve. The present case is put forward in order just to constitute a buffering and receive integration conquassation energy-absorbing formula undercarriage anti crash buffer, can independently control the oil liquid velocity of flow under operating condition, realizes two unifications of buffer function and uses.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the buffering, folding and unfolding integrated crushing and energy absorbing type landing gear anti-crash buffer provided by the invention can push a piston rod to work by controlling the volume and the flow rate of oil through autonomous oil injection, can realize buffering by enabling the oil to flow through a honeycomb, and has a more autonomous function compared with a traditional oil-gas buffer.
And the two ends of the buffer are provided with lugs, so that the buffer is convenient to be connected with a protected object.
Thirdly, simple structure, light in weight, piston rod long service life. The honeycomb has small relative density, light weight and high energy absorption efficiency; the buffer can be forcedly filled with oil and compressed under the condition of no impact, so that the buffer is forced to work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application,
figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of figure 1,
figure 3 is a schematic view of the working state when the oil is filled to the top of the outer barrel,
figure 4 is a schematic view showing an operating state when oil is injected to the lower portion of the outer cylinder,
FIG. 5 is a first schematic view of the working state of the present invention buffered by external force,
FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the working state of the present invention buffered by external force,
FIG. 7 is a third schematic view of the working state of the present invention buffered by external force,
FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic view of the working state of the present invention buffered by external force;
in the figure, 1 is an upper oil filling hole, 2 is an upper bearing sleeve, 3 is an outer cylinder, 4 is a piston rod, 40 is a piston cover, 41 is a limiting sleeve, 5 is a lower oil filling hole, 6 is an upper lug, 7 is a floating piston, 8 is a honeycomb, 9 is a lower bearing sleeve, 10 is a sealing element, 11 is a nut, and 12 is a lower lug.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly explain the technical features of the present patent, the following detailed description of the present patent is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The invention is shown in figures 1-8, comprising an outer cylinder 3, a piston rod 4, a floating piston 7, a honeycomb 8, an upper bearing sleeve 2 and a lower bearing sleeve 9; the top end of the outer barrel 3 is closed, the bottom end of the outer barrel 3 is open, and the piston rod 4 extends into the outer barrel 3 from the bottom opening of the outer barrel 3;
the upper bearing sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the piston rod 4 and is attached to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 3, so that the top of the piston rod 4 is sealed with the outer cylinder 3 through the upper bearing sleeve 2; the lower bearing sleeve 9 is fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the outer barrel 3 and is attached to the outer wall of the piston rod 4, so that the piston rod 4 is sealed with the bottom of the outer barrel 3 through the lower bearing sleeve 9; an upper oil injection hole 1 and a lower oil injection hole 5 are formed in the side wall of the outer cylinder 3, the upper oil injection hole 1 is located above the upper bearing sleeve 2, and the lower oil injection hole 5 is located between the upper bearing sleeve 2 and the lower bearing sleeve 9;
an accommodating groove with an open top is formed in the piston rod 4, a piston cover 40 is fixedly connected to a notch of the accommodating groove, and an oil passing small hole is formed in the piston cover 40;
the floating piston 7 is slidably disposed in the accommodating groove, and the honeycomb 8 is disposed between the floating piston 7 and the bottom of the accommodating groove. After leaving the factory, namely in an initial state, the top surface of the floating piston 7 is attached to the bottom surface of the piston cover 40, so that oil does not enter the honeycomb area in the initial state, and at the moment, the buffer can be used as a reusable common buffer; once the buffer is subjected to a large external force, after the honeycomb is crushed, a gap is formed between the top surface of the floating piston 7 and the bottom surface of the piston cover 40, so that oil can enter the area where the honeycomb is located.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3-4, the piston rod and the cylinder body can move relatively by external oil injection through the upper oil injection hole 1 and the lower oil injection hole 5, so that the buffer enters a working state; in the process, because the oil is almost incompressible, the oil chamber is pressurized during the oil flowing process, and part of the energy can be absorbed.
After the honeycomb structure enters a working state, when the external force applied on the honeycomb structure does not exceed a set value, as shown in figures 5-6, the honeycomb structure cannot be crushed, the honeycomb structure is used as a reusable common buffer, the buffer is pressed upwards by a piston rod 4 under the external pressure, an oil-gas mixture above the piston rod is compressed, and good damping is provided for a compression stroke when the oil-gas mixture flows through an oil small hole; similarly, when rebounding, the oil-gas mixture reverse flow can provide good damping for the rebound stroke in the process of passing through the oil small hole, so that the rebound is prevented from being too fast.
In addition, when the buffer is used as a reusable common buffer, the piston rod can be pushed to work by controlling the volume and the flow rate of oil through autonomous oil injection, and the flow rate can be reduced for preventing the airplane from bouncing upwards rapidly and preventing the tire from separating from the ground; to provide sufficient damping to restore the aircraft to a shutdown condition, the overload is reduced and the flow rate can be increased.
When the external force exceeds the set value, as shown in fig. 5-8, the device is used as a disposable crushing energy-absorbing buffer, firstly, a piston rod moves upwards to compress an oil-gas mixture, and after the compression reaches the limit, under the action of air pressure, a floating piston is forced to move relative to the piston rod, so that a gap is formed between the floating piston and the piston rod, oil above the floating piston enters a honeycomb, and the honeycomb starts to be compressed; then, along with the gradual collapse of the honeycomb, energy can be absorbed by the platform area when the aluminum honeycomb is collapsed in the buffering process, and the stress of the platform area hardly changes along with the strain, namely, the impact force is effectively absorbed through the deformation of the honeycomb in the disposable use process of the buffer; when the buffer reaches the maximum compression stroke, the buffer is under the action of potential energy stored in the high-pressure oil cavity and enters a rebound buffering process, in the process, the pressure forces oil to reversely flow through the honeycomb 8 and return to the oil cavity, and the too fast rebound is prevented while the energy is consumed again.
An upper oil filling valve is arranged in the upper oil filling hole 1, and a lower oil filling valve is arranged in the lower oil filling hole 5. Thus, as shown in fig. 3, the upper oil filling valve is opened to fill oil to the top of the outer cylinder 3, so that the piston rod 4 can be pushed to move downwards; as shown in question 4, the lower oil filling valve is opened to fill oil to the lower part of the outer cylinder 3, so that the piston rod 4 can be pushed to move upwards.
The bottom opening of the outer barrel 3 is further provided with a sealing element 10, the sealing element 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the outer barrel 3 through a nut 11, and the sealing element 10 is fixedly connected with the lower bearing sleeve 9. Therefore, the upper bearing sleeve 2 and the lower bearing sleeve 9 are designed between the piston rod and the outer cylinder to protect the piston rod from abrasion, and the upper bearing sleeve and the lower bearing sleeve form sealing between the piston rod and the outer cylinder together with the sealing element 10.
The top end of the outer barrel 3 is fixedly connected with an upper lug 6, and the bottom end of the piston rod 4 is fixedly connected with a lower lug 12. Thereby being convenient for the installation of the anti-crash buffer and being convenient for the connection of the upper end and the lower end thereof with other structural members on the airplane.
The top end of the piston cover 40 is fixedly connected with a limiting sleeve 41, the limiting sleeve 41 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston cover 40, and the top surface of the limiting sleeve 41 is higher than the top surface of the piston rod 4, so that the upper oil injection hole 1 is always located above the upper bearing sleeve 2. Thereby ensuring that the upper oil filling valve is opened, and when oil is filled to the top of the outer cylinder 3, the piston rod 4 can smoothly move downwards instead of blocking the upper oil filling hole.
The honeycomb 8 is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged aluminum honeycomb plates. The aluminum honeycomb plate may be flat plate-shaped or cylindrical, and when a flat plate-shaped aluminum honeycomb plate is used, a plurality of aluminum honeycomb plates may be arranged in parallel to each other; when the cylindrical aluminum honeycomb plate is adopted, a plurality of aluminum honeycomb plates can be sleeved at one time and are kept coaxial.
While the invention has been described in terms of its preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A crash-resistant buffer of a buffering, folding and unfolding integrated crushing and energy absorbing type undercarriage is characterized by comprising an outer cylinder (3), a piston rod (4), a floating piston (7), a honeycomb (8), an upper bearing sleeve (2) and a lower bearing sleeve (9); the top end of the outer barrel (3) is closed, the bottom end of the outer barrel is open, and the piston rod (4) extends into the outer barrel (3) from the bottom opening of the outer barrel (3);
the sealing between the top of the piston rod (4) and the outer cylinder (3) is realized through the upper bearing sleeve (2); the sealing between the piston rod (4) and the bottom of the outer cylinder (3) is realized through a lower bearing sleeve (9); an upper oil injection hole (1) and a lower oil injection hole (5) are formed in the side wall of the outer cylinder (3), the upper oil injection hole (1) is located above the upper bearing sleeve (2), and the lower oil injection hole (5) is located between the upper bearing sleeve (2) and the lower bearing sleeve (9);
an accommodating groove with an open top is formed in the piston rod (4), a piston cover (40) is fixedly connected to a notch of the accommodating groove, and an oil passing small hole is formed in the piston cover (40);
the floating piston (7) is arranged in the containing groove in a sliding manner, and the honeycomb (8) is arranged between the floating piston (7) and the bottom of the containing groove;
an upper oil filling valve is arranged in the upper oil filling hole (1), and a lower oil filling valve is arranged in the lower oil filling hole (5);
the honeycomb (8) is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged aluminum honeycomb plates.
2. The crash-resistant bumper of the buffering, retracting and energy-absorbing type crushing landing gear according to claim 1, wherein a sealing element (10) is further arranged at the bottom opening of the outer cylinder (3), the sealing element (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom opening of the outer cylinder (3) through a nut (11), and the sealing element (10) is fixedly connected with the lower bearing sleeve (9).
3. The crash-resistant bumper of the crash-absorbing landing gear with integrated functions of buffering and retraction according to claim 1, wherein the top end of the outer cylinder (3) is fixedly connected with an upper lug (6), and the bottom end of the piston rod (4) is fixedly connected with a lower lug (12).
4. The crash-resistant bumper of the buffering, retracting and energy-absorbing integrated crushing and energy-absorbing landing gear according to claim 1, wherein a limiting sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to the top end of the piston cover (40), the limiting sleeve (41) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston cover (40), and the top surface of the limiting sleeve (41) is higher than the top surface of the piston rod (4), so that the upper oil injection hole (1) is always located above the upper bearing sleeve (2).
CN202011090460.XA 2020-10-13 2020-10-13 Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer Active CN112413029B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011090460.XA CN112413029B (en) 2020-10-13 2020-10-13 Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011090460.XA CN112413029B (en) 2020-10-13 2020-10-13 Buffering and collecting integrated crushing energy-absorbing type undercarriage crash-resistant buffer

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CN112413029B true CN112413029B (en) 2022-01-18

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114810902B (en) * 2022-03-11 2023-05-23 西北工业大学 Telescopic aircraft landing gear buffer

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2498278B1 (en) * 1981-01-16 1986-02-21 Messier Hispano Sa COMPENSATOR, ESPECIALLY AIR
JPS60136634A (en) * 1983-12-26 1985-07-20 Kayaba Ind Co Ltd Hydraulic buffer
CN101898636B (en) * 2010-07-19 2012-12-26 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 Energy-absorbing structure of crashworthy landing gear damper leg
CN108775368A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-09 山东万通液压股份有限公司 Double grease chamber rigidity regulating oil gas springs
CN111536189B (en) * 2020-04-22 2022-04-22 南京航空航天大学 Oil gas and expanding combined type crash-resistant buffer
CN111623079A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-04 北京凌空天行科技有限责任公司 Flexible aluminium honeycomb buffer
CN111692263A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-09-22 南京航空航天大学 Buffer folding and unfolding integrated anti-crash buffer for oil-gas type undercarriage
CN111677809A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-09-18 南京航空航天大学 Oil-gas separation type variable oil hole combined crash-resistant buffer

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