CN111466435A - Movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device and preservation method - Google Patents
Movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device and preservation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111466435A CN111466435A CN202010488711.3A CN202010488711A CN111466435A CN 111466435 A CN111466435 A CN 111466435A CN 202010488711 A CN202010488711 A CN 202010488711A CN 111466435 A CN111466435 A CN 111466435A
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- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000518 lethal Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001665 lethal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/005—Preserving by heating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B7/0425—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/148—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere, e.g. partial vacuum, comprising only CO2, N2, O2 or H2O
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
- F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
- F25D31/005—Combined cooling and heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
- F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
- F25D2317/0413—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by humidification
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a movable fruit and vegetable differential pressure precooling and variable temperature storage and fresh-keeping device and a fresh-keeping method, which comprises a heat-preservation box body with a heat-preservation door, wherein the heat-preservation box body comprises a precooling and variable temperature storage area and an equipment area, a differential pressure precooling and variable temperature device is arranged in the precooling and variable temperature storage area, and a cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit connected with the differential pressure precooling and variable temperature device is arranged in the equipment area. The method integrates pressure difference precooling, storage and change of environmental conditions in the fruit and vegetable storage process, solves the problem of cold chain breakage in the fruit and vegetable precooling and storage processes, solves the problems of microbial pollution and propagation in the fruit and vegetable storage process, can effectively prolong the fruit and vegetable storage and preservation period, fundamentally solves the seasonal and regional problems of the fruit and vegetable, enables people in various regions to eat different seasons, and has great significance for promoting the development of the fruit and vegetable planting industry and improving the living standard of people.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fruit and vegetable preservation, in particular to a movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device and a movable fruit and vegetable preservation method, which can realize precooling of fruits and vegetables quickly, change storage of low-temperature and high-temperature environments in the fruit and vegetable preservation process, change the living environment of microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables through low-temperature and high-temperature conversion, ensure that the microorganisms are not suitable for the temperature conversion and die, and solve the problems of short fruit and vegetable storage period and putrefaction of the fruits and vegetables due to microorganism pollution caused by microorganism pollution.
Background
The fan drives cold air to pass through the pores of the fruits and the vegetables, and the fruit and vegetable precooling mode is widely used, so that the facts that the fruit and vegetable precooling can effectively prolong the storage and preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables, particularly the field heat can be quickly eliminated when the fan is applied to the field, and the storage and preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables can be averagely prolonged by one month.
For storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables, the main modes adopted in the field at present are low-temperature preservation and low-temperature and modified atmosphere preservation. The low-temperature preservation has wide application, and the principle is that the breathing speed of the fruits and the vegetables is reduced by reducing the temperature of the storage environment of the fruits and the vegetables, so that the preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables is prolonged; the storage and preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables is prolonged, the breathing speed of the fruits and the vegetables is not enough only by reducing the temperature in the storage process, because the surfaces of the fruits and the vegetables are attached with a plurality of microorganisms in the picking, transporting and storing processes of the fruits and the vegetables, the fruits and the vegetables are corroded and polluted by the microorganisms due to the existence and the propagation of the microorganisms, the fruits and the vegetables are easy to rot and deteriorate, the storage period of the fruits and the vegetables is shortened, therefore, for the storage and preservation of fruits and vegetables, the fruits and vegetables are stored by adopting a low-temperature and modified atmosphere preservation mode, the main principle is that the gas components in the storage process of fruits and vegetables are improved, especially the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased, carbon dioxide and water are combined to generate carbonic acid, the carbonic acid is weakly acidic, so that non-acid-resistant microorganisms can change the living environment, but cannot reproduce or even die, but the application is very little at present due to higher investment cost of the air-conditioning equipment.
The biological matter is a tiny animal, the microorganism is favored to be acidic, neutral, alkaline, moderate and low, and each animal has an adaptive process to the living environment, that is, the survival and the reproduction of the microorganism in the storage process of the fruits and the vegetables can not be completely eliminated only by two modes of weak acid and low temperature, if the environmental conditions in the storage process of the fruits and the vegetables can be changed by a physical mode, so that the microorganism can not survive and reproduce, the problem of the survival and the reproduction of the microorganism can be solved, the method is very beneficial to prolonging the storage and preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables, if the mode can greatly reduce the investment cost, the method can be popularized and applied, and the problem of short storage period of the fruits and the vegetables is solved.
The storage and preservation period of the fruits and the vegetables is not only related to a precooling mode and storage and preservation conditions, but also has a great relationship with a cold chain in the precooling and storage processes of the fruits and the vegetables. In the field of fruit and vegetable precooling and fruit and vegetable storage and preservation, precooling and storage are still separated, namely, the fruits and vegetables are transported to a cold storage and preservation chamber after precooling, the process is a non-cold environment, namely a process of breaking a cold chain, and the temperature and conditions are in an uncontrolled state.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature-changing storage and preservation device and a preservation method, which integrate pressure difference precooling, storage and change of environmental conditions in the fruit and vegetable storage process, solve the problem of cold chain breakage in the fruit and vegetable precooling and storage process, solve the problems of microbial pollution and propagation in the fruit and vegetable storage process, effectively prolong the fruit and vegetable storage and preservation period, fundamentally solve the seasonal and regional problems of the fruit and vegetable, and enable people in various regions to eat different seasons of the fruit and vegetable in different places, thereby having great significance for promoting the development of fruit and vegetable planting industry and improving the living standard of people.
The scheme is realized by the following scheme: a movable fruit and vegetable differential pressure precooling and variable temperature storage and preservation device comprises a heat preservation box body with a heat preservation door, wherein the heat preservation box body comprises a precooling and variable temperature storage area and an equipment area, a differential pressure precooling and variable temperature device is arranged in the precooling and variable temperature storage area, and a cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit connected with the differential pressure precooling and variable temperature device is arranged in the equipment area. The fruits and vegetables are placed in the heat preservation box, so that the fruits and vegetables can be moved conveniently, and the refrigeration or heating of the inside of the box is facilitated; the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area is used for containing fruits and vegetables, and the equipment area is used for providing low temperature or high temperature for the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area; the refrigerating and heating dual-purpose compression condensing unit can be used for heating or refrigerating.
The pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device comprises an evaporator with a fan, the cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit comprises a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a four-way reversing valve and a plate heat exchanger, the four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser and the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor, the evaporator is communicated with the liquid storage device, the liquid storage device is communicated with the condenser through the plate heat exchanger and a first electronic expansion valve, and the liquid storage device is further connected with the compressor through an electromagnetic valve, a second electronic expansion valve and the plate heat exchanger. During refrigeration, refrigerant gas is sucked by a compressor of a refrigerating, heating and cooling dual-purpose refrigerating, compressing and condensing unit installed in an equipment area, the refrigerant gas which is compressed into high-pressure overheated refrigerant gas by consuming electric energy of a compressor motor is discharged to a condenser through a four-way reversing valve, the high-pressure overheated refrigerant gas transfers heat to ambient atmosphere in the condenser, the refrigerant is condensed into low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant liquid to enter a liquid storage device, impurities and moisture in the refrigerant are removed through a filtering, drying and filtering device after flowing out of the liquid storage device, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is throttled and decompressed into low-pressure refrigerant liquid through a throttle valve to enter an evaporator of a precooling and temperature-changing storage area, the low-pressure cold refrigerant liquid absorbs heat of air which is driven by a fan in the evaporator and passes through the evaporator, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated into low-, thereby continuously reducing the temperature of the precooled fruits and vegetables. When heating, the condenser in the cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit plays the role of the original evaporator, and the evaporator in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area plays the role of the original condenser, namely, low-pressure refrigerant gas from the condenser is sucked by the compressor, compressed into high-pressure refrigerant gas by consuming electric energy and enters the evaporator, after heat is transferred to cold air driven by a fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature-changing device, the temperature of the cold air is increased to hot air, the hot air passes through fruits and vegetables in the heat-insulating box body under the driving of the fan, the high-pressure refrigerant gas is cooled into high-pressure refrigerant liquid to enter the liquid accumulator, the high-pressure refrigerant liquid from the liquid accumulator is throttled and decompressed into low-pressure refrigerant liquid to enter the condenser after impurities and moisture in the refrigerant are removed by a filter and a drying filter, and then the low-pressure refrigerant liquid absorbs the heat of the, the refrigerating system is continuously and continuously circulated to increase the temperature in the box under the drive of the fan of the differential pressure precooling temperature changing device in the heat preservation box.
And a humidifying nozzle is arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, the humidifying nozzle is communicated with the water tank through a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the microcomputer controller. The fruit and vegetable storage system is characterized in that an outer temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the precooling and temperature-changing storage area and an inner temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of stored fruits and vegetables are arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the precooling and temperature-changing storage area is further arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, the outer temperature sensor, the inner temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively connected with a microcomputer controller, and the microcomputer controller is respectively connected with a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a four-way reversing valve, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve and an electric valve. The outer temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the heat-preservation box body, and the inner temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature in the fruits and vegetables, so that the temperature conditions in the middle of the fruits and vegetables can be known in time even if a large number of fruits and vegetables are stacked; the humidity sensor is used for monitoring the humidity condition in the heat insulation box, and the microcomputer controller can obtain corresponding temperature information in time through the sensor and then control humidification, refrigeration or heating.
Be provided with a multi-way pipe group in above-mentioned other connecting line, including four three-way pipes, four two liang intercommunications of three-way pipe, wherein first three-way pipe and condenser intercommunication, set up the check valve of flow direction second three-way pipe between first three-way pipe and the second three-way pipe, second three-way pipe and reservoir intercommunication, set up the check valve of flow direction second three-way pipe between second three-way pipe and the third three-way pipe, third three-way pipe and evaporimeter intercommunication, set up the check valve of flow direction third three-way pipe between third three-way pipe and the fourth three-way pipe, fourth three-way pipe and first electronic expansion valve intercommunication, set up the check valve of flow direction first three-way pipe between fourth three-way pipe and first three-way pipe. Therefore, by combining the check valve and the three-way pipe, the pipeline is saved, the problem that the pipeline connection is disordered due to the fact that too many pipelines are laid is avoided, the use of the pipelines is reduced, and the cost is also reduced.
The air inlet of a fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device is close to fruits and vegetables, the air outlet of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device faces the upper part of the heat preservation box body, the humidifying nozzle is close to the air outlet of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device, a tarpaulin for covering the fruits and the vegetables is also arranged in the precooling and temperature varying storage area, and the tarpaulin covers the fruits and the vegetables.
The heat preservation wall is arranged in the heat preservation box body, the heat preservation wall divides the heat preservation box body into a precooling temperature-changing storage area and an equipment area, the ventilation grating is arranged on the heat preservation box body in the equipment area, the heat preservation wall plays a role in heat insulation, and the ventilation grating can timely exchange heat with external air through equipment in the equipment area.
A temperature-variable storage and fresh-keeping method for fruits and vegetables comprises the following steps that 1) the fruits and vegetables which are placed in a heat insulation box are refrigerated, and the refrigeration is stopped when the internal temperature of the fruits and vegetables reaches a preset precooling target temperature; 2) when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches the upper limit value of the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping temperature, refrigerating the heat preservation box, stopping refrigerating after the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches a preset refrigerating target temperature value, and repeating the step 2); 3) when the time reaches preset time t1, the heating state is switched to the heating state to raise the temperature in the heat preservation box, when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches a preset heating temperature value, the heating is stopped, the heating state is switched to the cooling state, and then the step 2) is repeated. Wherein 1) the precooling of the fruits and vegetables is realized in the step 1), and the variable-temperature storage of the fruits and vegetables is realized in the step 2), so that the full cold chain process of the fruits and vegetables can be realized, the integration of precooling and storage is realized, the temperature is in a controlled state, and the problem of cold chain breakage is avoided.
When the fruits and vegetables are precooled, namely in the step 1), firstly, the fruits and vegetables are put into the heat preservation box, the tarpaulin is covered on the fruits and vegetables, and one end of the tarpaulin which is not covered on the fruits and vegetables is close to the evaporator in the heat preservation box; starting an evaporator to start refrigeration, enabling the fruits and vegetables to be in a negative pressure state under the action of a fan, enabling cold air in a box outside the tarpaulin to enter the tarpaulin to cool the fruits and vegetables, enabling the cooled air to be changed into low-temperature gas after passing through the evaporator, discharging the low-temperature gas into a box body by the fan, continuing cooling the fruits and vegetables through the tarpaulin, enabling refrigerant in the evaporator to dissipate heat out of the box body through a compressor and a condenser, and stopping refrigeration when the temperature in the fruits and vegetables reaches a set pre-cooling target temperature; monitoring the temperature in the heat preservation box in real time, and refrigerating when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches the set upper limit value of the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping temperature; and monitoring the humidity in the heat preservation box in real time, humidifying the heat preservation box if the humidity is lower than a set low value, and stopping humidifying if the humidity reaches a set high value. Covering tarpaulin to make outside air enter fruit and vegetable evenly and avoid uneven air intake, wherein the tarpaulin is not limited, and breathable materials can be used; in the precooling process, the temperature of the middle part of the fruits and vegetables is monitored, so that cold air can be ensured to completely pass through the fruits and vegetables, the precooling effect is ensured, and the conditions that the external temperature reaches the required temperature and the internal temperature is very high can not occur; after the precooling finishes, get into and store the mode, the box internal temperature of monitoring this moment, the produced breathing heat of the respiration of external temperature and fruit vegetables itself leads to the incasement temperature to rise, when the incasement temperature reaches the fresh-keeping temperature upper limit, then starts the refrigeration, for the incasement cooling to humidity sensor can be timely the inside humidity of monitoring box, timely humidification.
When heating is started, firstly, the humidification in the heat insulation box is stopped; when a fan in the box body is started, an evaporator in the box body radiates heat to air in the box body, and then the heated air in the box body penetrates through tarpaulin to heat fruits and vegetables; when the temperature in the box body reaches a set heating high temperature value, stopping heating; after time t2, the cooling state is entered.
It can be seen from the above description that the scheme changes the refrigeration and heating modes according to the set time and temperature, and realizes the conversion of high and low temperature in the heat preservation box, thereby achieving the purpose of changing the environmental conditions of the microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, causing the physiological change of the microorganisms to be lethal, solving the problem that the storage period of fruits and vegetables is shortened due to the survival and reproduction problems of the microorganisms in the storage process of the fruits and vegetables, and realizing the conversion of refrigeration and heating by changing the flow direction of the refrigerant of the refrigeration system, so the investment cost is very low, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the incubator body.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling and heating system of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a in fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the fruit and vegetable temperature-changing storage and fresh-keeping process of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of pre-cooling freshness preservation.
Fig. 7 is a heating flowchart.
In the figure, 1 is a heat preservation box body, 2 is a ventilating grille, 3 is a heat preservation door, 4 is a precooling temperature change storage area, 5 is an equipment area, 6 is a heat preservation wall, 7 is a pressure difference precooling temperature change device, 9 is a dual-purpose compression condensing unit for cooling and heating, 10 is a humidifying nozzle, 11 is a water tank, 12 is a tarpaulin, 13 is fruits and vegetables, 14 is a fan air outlet, 15 is a humidity sensor, 16 is an outer temperature sensor, 17 is an inner temperature sensor, 18 is a compressor, 19 is a four-way reversing valve, 20 is a gas-liquid separator, 21 is an evaporator, 22 is a condenser, 23 is a first electronic expansion valve, 24 is a drying filter, 25 is a plate heat exchanger, 26 is a second electronic expansion valve, 27 is a liquid storage device, 28 electromagnetic valves, 29 is a first three-way pipe, 30 is a second three-way pipe, 31 is a third three-way pipe, 32 is a fourth three-way pipe, 33 is a first one-way valve, a third check valve 35 and a fourth check valve 36.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of clearly illustrating the technical solution, the present solution is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The attached drawings show that the movable fruit and vegetable differential pressure precooling and variable-temperature storage and preservation device comprises a heat preservation box body 1 with a heat preservation door 3, wherein the heat preservation box body 1 is divided into a precooling variable-temperature storage area 4 and an equipment area 5 by a heat preservation wall 6, a ventilation grating 2 is arranged on the heat preservation box body of the equipment area 5, and the precooling variable-temperature storage area 4 is used for precooling and preserving fruits and vegetables; the equipment area 5 is used for placing various equipment; the device is characterized in that a pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 is arranged in the precooling and temperature changing storage area 4, a cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit 9 connected with the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 is arranged in the equipment area 5, a humidifying nozzle 10 is arranged in the precooling and temperature changing storage area 4, the humidifying nozzle 10 is communicated with a water tank 11 through a water pump, the water pump and the water tank are both arranged 11 in the equipment area 5, and the water pump is connected with a microcomputer controller.
The pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 in the precooling and temperature changing storage area 4 comprises an evaporator 21 with a fan, the cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit 9 comprises a compressor 18, a gas-liquid separator 20, a condenser 22, a liquid storage device 27, a four-way reversing valve 19 and a plate heat exchanger 25, the four-way reversing valve 19 is respectively communicated with the compressor 18, the evaporator 21, the condenser 22 and the gas-liquid separator 20, the gas-liquid separator 20 is communicated with the compressor 18, the evaporator 21 is communicated with the liquid storage device 27, the liquid storage device 27 is communicated with the condenser 22 through the plate heat exchanger 25 and a first electronic expansion valve 23, and the liquid storage device 27 is further connected with the compressor 18 through an electromagnetic valve 28, a second electronic expansion valve 26 and the plate heat. The multi-way pipe set is arranged in the connecting pipeline, and as can be seen from figure 4, the multi-way pipe set of the scheme comprises four three-way pipes which are communicated with each other in pairs, wherein a first tee 29 is communicated with the condenser 22, a first one-way valve 33 flowing to a second tee 30 is arranged between the first tee 29 and the second tee 30, the second tee 30 is communicated with the liquid storage device 27, a second one-way valve 34 flowing to the second three-way pipe 30 is arranged between the second three-way pipe 30 and the third three-way pipe 31, the third three-way pipe 31 is communicated with the evaporator 21, a third one-way valve 35 flowing to the third three-way pipe 31 is arranged between the third three-way pipe 31 and the fourth three-way pipe 32, the fourth three-way pipe 32 is communicated with the first electronic expansion valve 23, a fourth non return valve 36 to the first tee 29 is arranged between the fourth tee 32 and the first tee 29.
An air inlet of a fan of the evaporator of the precooling and temperature varying storage area 4 is close to fruits and vegetables, an air outlet 14 of a fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature varying device 7 faces the upper part of the heat preservation box body 1, a humidifying nozzle 10 is close to the air outlet 14 of the fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature varying device, and tarpaulin 12 for covering the fruits and vegetables is further arranged in the precooling and temperature varying storage area 4.
An outer temperature sensor 16 for monitoring the temperature of the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area 4 and an inner temperature sensor 17 for measuring the temperature of stored fruits and vegetables are arranged in the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area 4, the inner temperature sensor can be inserted into the fruits and vegetables for temperature measurement, a humidity sensor 15 for measuring the humidity of the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area 4 is also arranged in the pre-cooling variable-temperature storage area 4, the outer temperature sensor 16, the inner temperature sensor 17 and the humidity sensor 15 are respectively connected with a microcomputer controller, the microcomputer controller adopts a controller known in the control field, the microcomputer controller is respectively connected with a compressor 18, a gas-liquid separator 20, a condenser 22, a liquid storage device 27, a four-way reversing valve 19, a first electronic expansion valve 23, a second electronic expansion valve 26 and an electric valve 28 to realize centralized control, and the microcomputer controller can adopt a common microcomputer for control, the operation of the devices can be controlled through the microcomputer controller, the mode conversion of precooling, variable-temperature storage, heating and the like is realized, the fresh-keeping of fruits and vegetables is realized, the plate type heat exchanger 25 is provided, a condensing agent directly passes through the plate type heat exchanger during refrigeration, and heat exchange is completely carried out through the plate type heat exchanger during heating.
The fruit and vegetable variable-temperature storage and fresh-keeping method based on the device comprises the steps of precooling, and then entering the circulation of variable-temperature storage and heating.
During precooling, after the fruits and vegetables are placed in a heat preservation box body, covering tarpaulin 12 on the fruits and vegetables, and enabling one end of the uncovered tarpaulin of the fruits and vegetables to be close to an evaporator 21 in the heat preservation box; at this time, the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device 7 sucks air by the fan to force the air outside the precooled fruits and vegetables in the insulation box body 1 to pass through the fruits and vegetables, then the air passes through the evaporator 21 of the refrigerating system in the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device 7, the air is cooled into cold air by absorbing the heat of the low-pressure refrigerant gas in the evaporator and then is discharged by the fan, the cold air continues to pass through the fruits and vegetables to be precooled under the action of the suction force of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 21 absorbs the heat and then is evaporated into low-pressure refrigerant gas, the low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked by the compressor 18 arranged in the equipment area 5, the refrigerant gas is compressed into high-pressure superheated refrigerant gas by consuming the electric energy of the compressor motor and then is discharged to the condenser, the refrigerant is condensed into high-pressure refrigerant liquid to enter a liquid storage device 27, impurities and moisture in the refrigerant are removed from the liquid storage device 27 through a drying filter 24, the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized through a throttle valve to become low-pressure refrigerant liquid to enter an evaporator 21, the low-pressure secondary refrigerant liquid absorbs heat of air which is driven by a fan of a differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device and passes through the evaporator 21 in the evaporator 21, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated to become low-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant in a refrigerating system and the air which is driven by the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device 7 are continuously circulated in such a way, so that the temperature of fruits and vegetables in an insulation box is continuously reduced until the temperature measured by a temperature sensor inserted into the fruits and vegetables reaches a preset precooling target temperature value, the fruits and vegetables are finished, the.
When the temperature in the heat preservation box rises to the upper limit value of the storage and fresh keeping of fruits and vegetables in the box, the refrigeration is started, the fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 is started, the compressor 18 is also started, so that the air in the heat preservation box body 1 continuously passes through the precooled fruits and vegetables under the driving of the fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 and passes through the evaporator 21 of the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device, after the low-pressure refrigerant liquid in the evaporator 21 absorbs the heat of the air, the air is cooled into low-temperature air which continuously passes through the fruits and vegetables under the driving of the fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device, the low-pressure refrigerant gas is evaporated into the low-pressure refrigerant gas which is sucked by the compressor 18, the low-pressure refrigerant gas is compressed into the high-pressure refrigerant gas by consuming electric energy and enters the condenser 22, the heat is transferred to the ambient atmosphere and then, after impurities and moisture in the high-pressure refrigerant liquid from the liquid storage device 27 are removed through the filtering, drying and filtering device 24, the high-pressure refrigerant liquid is throttled and decompressed through the throttle valve to become low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters the evaporator, the low-pressure secondary refrigerant liquid absorbs heat of air which is driven by the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device and passes through the evaporator 21 in the evaporator, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is evaporated to be low-pressure refrigerant gas, the refrigerant in the refrigerating system and the air which is driven by the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device 7 continuously circulate in such a way, so that the temperature of fruits and vegetables in the heat preservation and maintenance box body and in the interior of the heat preservation and maintenance box body is reduced, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor in the heat preservation box body reaches a preset refrigerating target temperature value, the refrigerating, and entering a heating state.
During heating, the evaporator 21 at this time becomes to function as a condenser during cooling, and the condenser 22 functions as an evaporator during cooling, so that low-pressure refrigerant gas from the original condenser 22 is sucked by the compressor 18, compressed into high-pressure refrigerant gas by consuming electric energy, enters the original evaporator 21, transfers heat to cold air circulating in the heat preservation box driven by the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device 7, the temperature of the cold air is increased to hot air, the hot air passes through fruits and vegetables in the heat preservation box body 1 under the drive of the fan, the high-pressure refrigerant gas is cooled into high-pressure refrigerant liquid, enters the high-pressure liquid reservoir, the high-pressure refrigerant liquid from the high-pressure liquid reservoir passes through the filtering and drying filter 24 to remove impurities and moisture in the refrigerant, and then is reduced to low-pressure refrigerant liquid by throttling, and enters the evaporator (condenser in a cooling operation state), at the moment, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid absorbs the heat of the ambient atmosphere and is changed into low-pressure refrigerant gas which is sucked by the compressor, the refrigeration system is continuously circulated under the drive of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature changing device in the heat preservation box body in such a way, so that the temperature in the heat preservation box body is raised, the heating operation is stopped until the temperature in the heat preservation box body reaches the preset heating temperature value, and then the temperature changing storage process is carried out.
When the fruit and vegetable composite material is used, the freezing point of the fruit and vegetable composite material is-1 ℃, the low-temperature storage temperature is 2 +/-0.5 ℃, the relative humidity is 85-95%, the temporary variable temperature is 20 ℃, and the heating operation time is 120S every 48 hours. When in fresh keeping, the fruits and vegetables are put in an insulation box and then are attached to a pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7, meanwhile, an inner temperature sensor 17 is inserted into the precooled fruits and vegetables, a heat preservation door 3 is closed, a microcomputer controller controls to enter a refrigeration precooling mode, a fan of the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device 7 in the box, a condenser fan of an equipment area 5, a compressor 18, a liquid supply throttling valve and the like are sequentially and respectively started, the fruits and vegetables are precooled, after a refrigeration system is put into precooling and refrigeration operation, a humidity sensor 15 monitors the relative humidity in the box in real time, an outer temperature sensor 16 monitors the temperature in the box in real time, the inner temperature sensor 17 is inserted into the fruits and vegetables to monitor the temperature at the center of the precooled fruits and vegetables in real time and transmits the temperature to the microcomputer controller in real time, when the humidity sensor 15 monitors that the relative humidity in the box is equal to 85%, a humidifying system starts, the humidity sensor 15 is used for monitoring the relative humidity in the box to reach 95%, the water pump is controlled to stop working, and the humidification in the box is stopped; when the outer temperature sensor 16 monitors that the temperature in the heat preservation box is minus 0.5 ℃, and the temperature monitored by the inner temperature sensor 17 does not reach the fruit and vegetable storage temperature of 2 ℃, namely the pre-cooling target temperature, the microcomputer controller controls the compressor 18 to operate in a frequency reduction mode, and after the compressor 18 operates in the frequency reduction mode, if the temperature in the box is maintained at minus 0.5 ℃, the compressor 18 operates in the frequency reduction mode; if the temperature in the box rises to 0.5 ℃ after the compressor 18 operates in a frequency-reducing mode, the microcomputer controller controls the compressor to operate in a frequency-increasing mode; if the temperature in the box detected by the outer temperature sensor 16 continues to decrease after the compressor operates in a frequency-reducing mode, the microcomputer controller controls the compressor to operate in a frequency-reducing mode until the temperature in the box, which is sensed by the outer temperature sensor and fed back to the electrical control system, is constant at-0.5 ℃. In fact, in the precooling process, due to the fact that the temperature of the fruits and vegetables is high, and the action of respiratory heat, the temperature in the box always fluctuates between-0.5 ℃ and 0.5 ℃, namely, the compressor always operates under the conditions of frequency reduction and frequency increase until the temperature value is monitored and fed back to the microcomputer control to reach 2 ℃, and at the moment, the precooling mode operation is stopped, and the operation is switched to the temperature-changing storage mode.
After the operation is switched into a variable-temperature storage mode, the central temperature of the fruits and vegetables detected by the internal temperature sensor 17 is only transmitted to the microcomputer controller to display and record the central temperature of the fruits and vegetables, but the central temperature of the fruits and vegetables is not controlled, namely the operation state of the refrigeration system is not controlled by the monitored central temperature of the fruits and vegetables any more, during variable-temperature storage, the operation state of the refrigeration system directly receives the temperature detected by the external temperature sensor 16 to control the refrigeration operation state, the control range is 2 +/-0.5 ℃, and the relative humidity value in the box detected by the humidity sensor 15 in the box is controlled to start and stop by the microcomputer controller; when the heating operation is performed, the humidification is stopped, and when the heating operation is performed, the humidification is controlled by the time setting of the microcomputer controller.
After the fruit and vegetable precooling is finished, the refrigerating system stops working and enters a variable-temperature storage mode to operate, at the moment, the operation time starts to be recorded, the refrigerating system stops working, the temperature in the heat-preservation maintenance box body can be gradually increased due to the heat generated by the respiration of the fruit and vegetable and the heat transfer of the heat-preservation maintenance box body, when the temperature in the box body reaches 2.5 ℃, the microcomputer controller controls the refrigerating system to work, when the temperature monitored by the external temperature sensor reaches 2 ℃, the microcomputer controller controls the compressor to operate in a frequency reduction mode, when the temperature monitored by the external temperature sensor 16 reaches-1.5 ℃, the microcomputer controller controls the refrigerating system to stop operating, and the repeating of the refrigerating system is continuously started, operated and stopped, so that the temperature in the box is maintained in the optimal temperature range for low-temperature fresh-keeping of the fruit and vegetable. In the storage and preservation process, if the relative humidity in the box detected by the humidity sensor 15 is reduced to 85%, the microcomputer controller controls the humidification system to humidify, and when the relative humidity in the box detected by the humidity sensor 15 is reduced to 95%, the microcomputer controller controls the humidification system to stop humidifying, so that the humidifying operation is continuously repeated, and the relative humidity in the box is maintained in the relative humidity range required by the low-temperature storage of the fruits and vegetables in the low-temperature storage process of the fruits and vegetables. When the low-temperature storage time of the fruits and vegetables reaches 48 hours each time, the fruits and vegetables enter a heating state, if a refrigerating system is in a refrigerating operation state, the microcomputer controller controls the refrigeration to stop, if a humidifying system is in a humidifying operation state, the microcomputer controller controls the humidification to stop, 300 seconds later, the fruits and vegetables enter a heating operation state, during the heating operation, a fan of an evaporator (a condenser in the refrigerating operation) is put into operation, after low-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the evaporator (the condenser in the refrigerating operation) of a compressor is sucked by the compressor, the low-pressure refrigerant gas is compressed into high-pressure superheated refrigerant gas to enter the condenser (the evaporator in the refrigerating operation) through consuming electric energy, the pressure and the temperature of the condenser (the evaporator in the refrigerating operation) are gradually increased, and when a pressure value detected by a pressure sensor on an exhaust pipeline, the microcomputer controller starts a condenser (an evaporator for refrigerating operation) to operate, so that low-temperature air in the box drives cold air in the box to sweep through the condenser (an evaporator for refrigerating operation) under the action of the fan, the temperature of the cold air is raised to about 25 ℃ and is discharged into the box and sweeps over the surface of stored fruits and vegetables, so that microorganisms on the surface of the fruits and vegetables are in a high-temperature state of about 20 ℃ immediately, after 120 seconds, an electric control system automatically instructs a refrigerating system of the intelligent movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation integrated device to stop heating operation, and the heating time is only 120 seconds, so that the temperature of the surface of the fruits and vegetables is only slightly raised, the fruits and vegetables are in a respiratory state of low-temperature storage and preservation, but the physiological texture of the microorganisms is greatly influenced, and the refrigerating and temperature of the fruits and vegetables are controlled by the electric control system preset, The heating procedure is repeated discontinuously, so that the physiology and texture of microorganisms are destroyed by the temperature rise while the fruits and vegetables are stored and preserved at low temperature, the problem of the microorganisms on the surfaces of the fruits and vegetables and the propagation of the microorganisms is solved in the process of storing and preserving the fruits and vegetables at low temperature, and the storage and preservation time of the fruits and vegetables is prolonged.
The above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be implemented by or using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above embodiments and drawings are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and shall also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fresh-keeping device is stored to movable fruit vegetables pressure differential precooling and alternating temperature, includes the insulation box body that has the heat preservation door, characterized by: the heat preservation box body comprises a precooling temperature-changing storage area and an equipment area, wherein a pressure difference precooling temperature-changing device is arranged in the precooling temperature-changing storage area, and a cold-warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit connected with the pressure difference precooling temperature-changing device is arranged in the equipment area.
2. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the pressure difference precooling and temperature changing device comprises an evaporator with a fan, the cold and warm dual-purpose compression condensing unit comprises a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a four-way reversing valve and a plate heat exchanger, the four-way reversing valve is respectively communicated with the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser and the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the compressor, the evaporator is communicated with the liquid storage device, the liquid storage device is communicated with the condenser through the plate heat exchanger and a first electronic expansion valve, and the liquid storage device is further connected with the compressor through an electromagnetic valve, a second electronic expansion valve and the plate heat exchanger.
3. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that:
the fruit and vegetable storage system is characterized in that an outer temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the precooling and temperature-changing storage area and an inner temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of stored fruits and vegetables are arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity of the precooling and temperature-changing storage area is further arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, the outer temperature sensor, the inner temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are respectively connected with a microcomputer controller, and the microcomputer controller is respectively connected with a compressor, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a four-way reversing valve, a first electronic expansion valve, a second electronic expansion valve and an electric valve.
4. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that:
there is the multi-way pipe group, including four three-way pipes, four two liang intercommunications of three-way pipe, wherein first three-way pipe and condenser intercommunication, set up the check valve that flows to second three-way pipe between first three-way pipe and the second three-way pipe, second three-way pipe and reservoir intercommunication, set up the check valve that flows to second three-way pipe between second three-way pipe and the third three-way pipe, third three-way pipe and evaporimeter intercommunication, set up the check valve that flows to third three-way pipe between third three-way pipe and the fourth three-way pipe, fourth three-way pipe and first electronic expansion valve intercommunication, set up the check valve that flows to first three-way pipe between fourth three-way pipe and first three-way pipe.
5. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that:
and a humidifying nozzle is arranged in the precooling and temperature-changing storage area, the humidifying nozzle is communicated with the water tank through a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the microcomputer controller.
6. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that:
the air inlet of a fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device is close to the fruits and vegetables, the air outlet of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device faces the upper part of the heat preservation box body, the humidifying nozzle is close to the air outlet of the fan of the differential pressure precooling and temperature varying device, and tarpaulin for covering the fruits and vegetables is further arranged in the precooling and temperature varying storage area.
7. The movable fruit and vegetable pressure difference precooling and temperature changing storage and preservation device as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
the heat preservation box body is divided into a precooling temperature-changing storage area and an equipment area by the heat preservation wall, and the heat preservation box body in the equipment area is provided with a ventilation grating.
8. A fruit and vegetable temperature-changing storage and fresh-keeping method is characterized in that:
1) refrigerating the fruits and vegetables in the heat insulation box, and stopping refrigerating when the temperature inside the fruits and vegetables reaches a preset precooling target temperature;
2) when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches the upper limit value of the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping temperature, refrigerating the heat preservation box, stopping refrigerating after the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches a preset refrigerating target temperature value, and repeating the step 2);
3) when the time reaches preset time t1, the heating state is switched to the heating state to raise the temperature in the heat preservation box, when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches a preset heating temperature value, the heating is stopped, the heating state is switched to the cooling state, and then the step 2) is repeated.
9. The fruit and vegetable temperature-changing storage and fresh-keeping method according to claim 8, characterized in that:
in the step 1), when fruits and vegetables are put into the heat preservation box, firstly covering tarpaulin on the fruits and vegetables, and enabling one end, which is not covered with the tarpaulin, of the fruits and vegetables to be close to an evaporator in the heat preservation box;
starting an evaporator to start refrigeration, enabling the fruits and vegetables to be in a negative pressure state under the action of a fan, enabling cold air in a box outside the tarpaulin to enter the tarpaulin to cool the fruits and vegetables, enabling the cooled air to be changed into low-temperature gas after passing through the evaporator, discharging the low-temperature gas into a box body by the fan, continuing cooling the fruits and vegetables through the tarpaulin, enabling refrigerant in the evaporator to dissipate heat out of the box body through a compressor and a condenser, and stopping refrigeration when the temperature in the fruits and vegetables reaches a set pre-cooling target temperature; monitoring the temperature in the heat preservation box in real time, and refrigerating when the temperature in the heat preservation box reaches the set upper limit value of the fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping temperature;
and monitoring the humidity in the heat preservation box in real time, humidifying the heat preservation box if the humidity is lower than a set low value, and stopping humidifying if the humidity reaches a set high value.
10. The fruit and vegetable temperature-changing storage and fresh-keeping method according to claim 9, characterized in that:
when heating is started, firstly, the humidification in the heat insulation box is stopped;
when a fan in the box body is started, an evaporator in the box body radiates heat to air in the box body, and then the heated air in the box body penetrates through tarpaulin to heat fruits and vegetables;
when the temperature in the box body reaches a set heating high temperature value, stopping heating; after time t2, the cooling state is entered.
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