CN111466391A - Garden herbicide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of herbicides, and particularly relates to a garden herbicide and a preparation method thereof. The garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5-25% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 0.5-15% of aminopyralid, 0.1-5% of pendimethalin, 0.5-12% of paraffin oil, 0.2-8% of trifluoroacetic acid, 0.2-20% of schisandra extract, 0.05-5% of surfactant and the balance of water. The herbicide provided by the invention is suitable for various weeds, has a good broad spectrum, and has small phytotoxicity to ornamental plants in gardens and forests and high safety.

Description

Garden herbicide and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of herbicides, and particularly relates to a garden herbicide and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Herbicides, also known as herbicides, are a class of chemical or biological agents that are effective in killing or inhibiting the growth of weeds. In recent years, the increasing variety of chemical herbicides and the improvement of weeding technology have greatly revolutionized the traditional labor production mode. Herbicides are, of course, classified into chemical herbicides, biological herbicides and mixed herbicides according to the nature of the ingredients; they are classified according to the mode of action into selective herbicides (herbicides are selective between different plants, i.e. they poison or kill weeds without damaging the crop plants, or even just a certain weed without damaging the crop plants and other weeds, where herbicides having such a selective action are called selective herbicides) and biocidal herbicides (herbicides that lack selectivity or selectivity for plants are small, weeds are not divided, "kill green"). With the increasing proportion of landscaping in urban development, garden maintenance problems are more and more prominent. For example, weed removal is mostly achieved directly with herbicides suitable for use in crops. However, both selective and biocidal herbicides present problems due to the wide difference in the types of weeds in crops and in gardens. For selective herbicides, the herbicidal effect is not ideal. The biocidal herbicide can cause a certain degree of damage to green plants in gardens and forests.

Through search, the herbicides reported in the prior art include three types, chemical herbicides, biological herbicides and natural plant herbicides, according to the properties of raw materials. For example, patent application cn201710676492.x discloses a chemical herbicide composition for preventing and killing garden cuscuta plants. The herbicide composition consists of protoporphyrinogen oxidase herbicide and systemic herbicide in the mass ratio of 1: 1-30. The invention has excellent preventing and removing effects on garden cuscuta plants, is efficient, simple, safe to hosts, environment-friendly and low in cost. However, the herbicide has strong selectivity and poor broad spectrum, and the types of weeds which can be eliminated are limited. Also has broad-spectrum herbicide, for example, patent application CN201710429335.9 discloses a garden herbicide, which comprises, by mass, 10-15 parts of metolachlor, 8-12 parts of polyurethane, 8-12 parts of medical stone, 3-5 parts of plant ash, 2-6 parts of wetting agent, 3-5 parts of antifreeze agent, 3-8 parts of thickener, 4-8 parts of defoamer, 7-10 parts of oxyfluorfen, 2-8 parts of pendimethalin, 7-10 parts of dichlorophenol potassium, 6-15 parts of catalyst, 10-25 parts of deionized water and 6-14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol. The garden herbicide provided by the invention is reasonable in preparation steps and convenient to operate, can be used for seriously inhibiting the growth of various weeds, can even enable the weeds to integrally die by adjusting the proportion, has a good inhibition effect on various weeds, and is wide in application range. However, after long-term use, the drug resistance of the weeds is generated, and the phenomenon of 'failure' of the drug is easy to occur.

Patent CN105076265A discloses a solid granule of bio-herbicide bacteraria kuwayata and a preparation method thereof. The solid particles in the invention are obtained by granulating the raw materials of a solid matrix, sclerotium rolfsii mycelium pellets, an adhesive and water; the weight ratio of the solid matrix to the sclerotium rolfsii mycelium pellet to the adhesive to the water is 30: 35-55: 0.4-12: 12-16; the solid substrate is selected from one or more of rice straw, wheat straw, rape straw, cotton straw, Canadian goldenrod straw, sugarcane straw, soybean straw, rice hull, cottonseed hull, garden deadwood or sawdust, and the adhesive is selected from white carbon black or glutinous rice flour. The invention utilizes liquid fermentation technology to produce hypha, and the time consumption is shortened to more than half of that of solid fermentation. The microbial pesticide active substance hypha is coated in the solid powder material to form a granular preparation, so that the storage period is prolonged, the pesticide effect is improved, and the using amount is reduced. However, the biological herbicide has a very limited inhibitory effect on weeds such as dodder with high partial revival activity.

Natural plant herbicides are increasingly receiving attention due to their low toxicity and wide variety. For example, patent CN101120688A discloses a flaveria bidentis extract herbicide emulsifiable concentrate, which is prepared by mixing a flaveria bidentis extract with a pesticide adjuvant, and the herbicide emulsifiable concentrate has a good control effect on weeds such as crab grass, redroot amaranth, barnyard grass, chenopodium album and the like. Under the condition of equivalent control effect on 4 kinds of weeds to be tested, after the flaveria bidentis extract is processed into herbicide emulsifiable concentrate, the using amount of the flaveria bidentis extract is reduced by 40-50 times compared with that of the flaveria bidentis extract without processing. However, the herbicide cannot achieve complete and effective removal of weeds in gardens.

In general, chemical herbicides have stable properties and good weed removal effects, and are the most widely used herbicides in current practical operations. However, various technical problems exist, for example, although some chemical herbicides can achieve a good effect of removing weeds in gardens, such herbicides often have certain "side effects", namely, certain damage is caused to garden plants. How to reduce or even eliminate the side effect of the chemical herbicide is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the application.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a herbicide for removing garden weeds, which has a good removing effect on the species of weeds in gardens and is free from phytotoxicity.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a garden herbicide comprises, by weight, 0.5-25% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 0.5-15% of aminopyralid, 0.1-5% of pendimethalin, 0.5-12% of paraffin oil, 0.2-8% of trifluoroacetic acid, 0.2-20% of schisandra chinensis extract, 0.05-5% of a surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the surfactant is a combination of vegetable oil and a surfactant with an H L B value of 5-8.

Preferably, the pendimethalin is 0.1-3%.

Preferably, further preferably, the vegetable oil is one or more of corn oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, and soybean oil.

Preferably, the H L B value is one or more of polyoxyethylene dioleate, tetraethylene glycol monooleate, tetraethylene glycol monostearate, polyoxypropylene mannitol dioleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin oleic acid derivatives with 5-8.

Preferably, the weight ratio of the vegetable oil to the surfactant with H L B being 5-8 is 1: 1-3.

The structural formula of aminopyralid is as follows:

it is a novel pyridine fusidic acid herbicide developed by Yinong Dorstalli, and is mainly used for mountainous regions, grasslands,The broadleaf weed control in the planting land and the non-cultivated land. The herbicide composition is used for preventing and killing annual and perennial broadleaf grasses on pastures, such as rumex blumea, rumex crispatus, field thistle, European thistle, admiranthus, rumex palustris, dandelion, chickweed and the like, is less in use in conventional farmlands, and has good selectivity. The aminopyralid has the characteristics of low toxicity, no teratogenicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenesis, no side effect on endocrine and reproduction, low toxicity to human beings and the like. Metabolic removal of CO₂No other products affecting soil and water were found. Has low toxicity to mammals, birds, fish, and aquatic invertebrates.

Preferably, the aminopyralid exists in the form of water-soluble salt, and the water-soluble salt of the aminopyralid is one or more of sodium salt, potassium salt and ammonium salt.

Carfentrazone-ethyl (otherwise known by the names: fonazon, clomazone, carfentrazone-ethyl) is a triazolinone herbicide developed by the company maofuraea (FMC). The principle of action is to break the membrane by inhibiting protoporphyrin oxidase. The herbicide is used on cereal crops and used for treating the leaf surfaces after seedlings, so that sensitive broad-leaved weeds are blocked in conduction and quickly withered to die. Is safe for cereal crops such as wheat and corn. The function characteristics are as follows: (1) the half-life period in the soil is short, only a few hours, so that the fertilizer has no toxic or harmful effect on the next year crops and has high safety; (2) the weed control speed is high, the influence of low temperature is small, and the application chance is wide; (3) the medicine has good low temperature resistance and rain wash resistance, can be used when the temperature is reduced to be very low before winter, and can also be used in time when the people rush to rainy days in spring with frequent rainfall; (4) the drug effect of carfentrazone-ethyl has a certain relation with the illumination condition, the good illumination condition is beneficial to the full play of the drug effect after the drug is applied, and the normal play of the drug effect is not beneficial in cloudy days. The weed killing speed is high when the temperature is above 10 ℃, the effect can be achieved in 2-3 days, and the weed killing speed by applying the pesticide in the low-temperature period can be reduced.

Paraffinic oil, also known as mineral oil, is a colorless, odorless mixture obtained by fractionation of crude oil. Specifically, normal paraffins, isoparaffins, naphthenic oils, heavy paraffinic fractions, and the like are included.

Pendimethalin, also known as Dietoxygen, weeding and field application supplement, is a contact-killing soil sealing treatment agent, mainly inhibits meristem cell division, does not influence the germination of weed seeds, and plays a role after sprouts, stems and roots absorb medicines in the germination process of the weed seeds. The pendimethalin has wide weeding range in production, is suitable for rice, cotton, corn, tobacco, peanut, vegetable (Chinese cabbage, spinach, carrot, garlic, scallion and the like) and orchard crops, and can be used for preventing and killing annual gramineae and broadleaf weeds such as crab grass, green bristlegrass, barnyard grass, purslane, goosefoots and the like. The control effect on grassy weeds is better than that of broadleaf weeds, and the control effect on perennial weeds is poor.

The herbicide has good binding property to soil, is usually quickly adsorbed by a surface soil layer after application to form a closed pesticide layer, and weed seeds in the pesticide layer are killed when contacting with the pesticide after germinating; the weed seeds under the drug layer can be easily killed by absorbing the drug after germination and passing through the drug soil layer.

For pendimethalin, in the actual use process, the independent use can generate certain phytotoxicity. However, the inventors have found that the direct combination of pendimethalin with carfentrazone-ethyl and aminopyralid still does not overcome the disadvantages of pendimethalin, but the problem is surprisingly solved when they are used in combination with an extract of Schisandra chinensis.

In addition, in the experimental process, the fact that when carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and pendimethalin are directly mixed, slight precipitation appears after the carfentrazone-ethyl, the types of surfactants are different, the phenomenon is relieved to different degrees, but when the five-flavor surfactant is added, when vegetable oil and the surfactant with the H L B value of 5-8 are mixed to be used as the surfactant, no precipitation appears after the mixture is placed for 3 years, so that the stability of the pesticide effect is ensured.

Preferably, the weight ratio of carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and pendimethalin is 3-5: 1-5: 1.

preferably, the ratio of the schisandra extract to pendimethalin is 2-5: 1.

preferably, the preparation method of the schisandra chinensis extract comprises the following steps:

mixing schisandra chinensis and an extraction solvent in a proportion of 1: 6-10, leaching for 24-36h, filtering, reflux-extracting the filtered residue at 75-95 deg.C for 1-3 times, mixing the leaching solution and the reflux-extracting solution, and concentrating under reduced pressure until no solvent is removed.

Preferably, the extraction solvent is an 80-95% ethanol solution.

Preferably, the solvent used for extraction of schisandra fruit is the same as that used for extraction.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the garden herbicide, which comprises the following steps:

s1 mixing pendimethalin with fructus Schisandrae chinensis extract, paraffin oil, and trifluoroacetic acid, and dispersing;

s2, adding carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and surfactant, and stirring to be uniform.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the garden herbicide provided by the invention uses the combination of carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and pendimethalin, which have low toxicity, and simultaneously, the problem of 'chemical hazard' caused by pendimethalin is solved when the schisandra extract, paraffin oil, trifluoroacetic acid and surfactant are added into the composition.

(2) The experimental result shows that the herbicide provided by the invention has a good clearing effect on the south dodder seed.

(3) The herbicide provided by the invention is suitable for various weeds, has a good broad spectrum, and has small phytotoxicity to ornamental plants in gardens and forests and high safety.

Detailed Description

The method of the present invention is described below with reference to specific examples to make it easier to understand and understand the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 1.5% of soybean oil, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The preparation method of the garden herbicide comprises the following steps:

s1 mixing pendimethalin with fructus Schisandrae chinensis extract, paraffin oil and trifluoroacetic acid, stirring at 500 rpm for 3min, and dispersing;

s2, adding carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid, soybean oil and polyoxyethylene dioleate, and stirring to be uniform.

The preparation method of the schisandra chinensis extract comprises the following steps: mixing schisandra chinensis with 95% ethanol in a volume ratio of 1: 8, leaching for 24 hours, filtering, then placing the filtered filter residue into 95% ethanol, extracting under reflux for 2 times at 90 ℃ for 2 hours each time, combining the leaching liquor and the reflux extracting solution, and concentrating under reduced pressure until no solvent is evaporated out basically.

Example 2

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 15% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 1.5% of soybean oil, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The herbicide was prepared as in example 1.

Example 3

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 2% of schisandra extract, 1.5% of soybean oil, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The preparation of the herbicide in this example was the same as in example 1.

Example 4

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 2% of soybean oil, 1% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The preparation of the herbicide in this example was the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 1

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of folium artemisiae argyi extract, 1.5% of soybean oil, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The preparation of the herbicide in this example was the same as in example 1.

The preparation method of the folium artemisiae argyi extract is basically the same as that of the schisandra chinensis extract in the embodiment.

Comparative example 2

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 3% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

Comparative example 3

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of trifluoroacetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 3% of soybean oil and the balance of water.

The preparation of the herbicide in this example was the same as in example 1.

Comparative example 4

A garden herbicide comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 10% of aminopyralid, 2% of pendimethalin, 5% of paraffin oil, 0.2% of acetic acid, 10% of schisandra extract, 1.5% of soybean oil, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene dioleate and the balance of water.

The preparation of the herbicide in this example was the same as in example 1.

Test of drug efficacy

1. The herbicides provided in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 above were tested for controlling effect and safety of south dodder seed in an ornamental tree by the following method:

the tested trees comprise 90 plants of flavin plum and golden banyan (height 40-45cm, crown width about 38cm ×)

38 cm); randomly dividing the test group into 9 groups, each group comprises 20 plants, and the test group and a blank control group are divided into a test group and a blank control group, spraying the same amount of water to the blank control group, spraying the herbicide (the prepared concentration is 1%) provided by examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-4 to the test group, wherein the flavin plum and the golden banyan in each group are sequentially and alternately distributed, and the distance between every two adjacent groups is more than 3 meters so as to ensure that the two groups cannot mutually influence each other when in pesticide application;

when the medicine is applied, the height of the south dodder seed is 1/10-1/3 (from the ground) of the height of the forest.

The application method and the dosage are that the spraying is carried out quantitatively, and the spraying amount is about 20m L for each tree.

The investigation time and method are as follows: the number of south dodder seeds and the damage condition of the tested trees are investigated 7 days, 14 days and 30 days after the application of the herbicide, and the inhibition condition of the tested weed south dodder seeds and the tested trees is calculated. The mean value was taken to calculate the plant control efficiency, and the statistical results are shown in table 1 below.

Wherein, the control efficiency is × 100 percent (the number of the weed strains in the control group-the number of the weed strains in the treatment group)/the number of the weed strains in the control group.

The inhibition ratio is × 100% of the number of the suppressed forest tree/the number of the control forest tree.

When the damaged area of the flavin plum and the golden banyan is more than 20 percent of the total area of the leaf crown, the forest is considered to be inhibited.

TABLE 1 suppression effect of each sample on south dodder seed and forest safety test result

As can be seen in conjunction with the data in table 1 above: the examples 1-4 in the invention have good prevention efficiency on the south dodder seed, and except the example 3, the examples 1-2 and 4 have no inhibition effect on forest protection. In comparative examples 1 to 4, not only the effect of preventing south dodder seed is weakened in different degrees, but also the effect of phytotoxicity on forest trees is obvious.

2. In order to investigate the broad spectrum of the herbicide provided by the invention, the control effect results of common weeds are also tested, wherein the weed size is 3-4 leaf stage.

Weed species: erigeron breviscapus, purslane, barnyard grass and crab grass.

The test method comprises the following steps: according to the area of a test plot, a knapsack sprayer is used for uniformly spraying, the spraying concentration is 1%, the application amount is 100 g/mu, and the application amount is about 0.15 g/square meter.

The investigation time and method are as follows: the number of weed plants is investigated 7 days, 14 days and 30 days after the application of the herbicide, the average value is taken to calculate the plant control efficiency, and the phytotoxicity of the herbicide on the lawn is observed.

The prevention efficiency and the inhibition ratio were calculated as above.

The control effect of the herbicide provided by each example on each weed and the inhibition of ryegrass lawn at 7 days and 30 days are shown in tables 2-3.

TABLE 27 data of the results of the herbicide control tests on weeds at day

TABLE 330 days of the results of the herbicide control tests on weeds

As can be seen from the data in tables 2 and 3 above: the examples 1 to 4 of the invention have better control efficiency on weeds, erigeron breviscapus, purslane, barnyard grass and crab grass, and the examples 1 to 2 and 4 have no inhibition effect on the lawn except the example 3. The herbicides provided in comparative examples 1 to 4 have no significant difference in the controlling effect on weeds at 7 days compared with examples 1 to 4, but the controlling effect on weeds is significantly better than that of comparative examples 1 to 4 when the time is extended to 30 days.

In addition, the stability of the herbicides provided in the examples is considered, the herbicides provided in the examples 1-4 can be stored for 3 years at room temperature, while the herbicides provided in the comparative examples 1-4 are obviously reduced, and obvious precipitation and reduced drug effect can be realized only when the herbicides can be stored for 1-1.5 years.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The garden herbicide is characterized by comprising, by weight, 0.5-25% of carfentrazone-ethyl, 0.5-15% of aminopyralid, 0.1-5% of pendimethalin, 0.5-12% of paraffin oil, 0.2-8% of trifluoroacetic acid, 0.2-20% of schisandra chinensis extract, 0.05-5% of surfactant and the balance of water, wherein the surfactant is a combination of vegetable oil and surfactant with the H L B value of 5-8.

2. The landscape herbicide of claim 1, wherein the pendimethalin is 0.1-3%.

3. The garden herbicide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and pendimethalin is 3-5: 1-5: 1.

4. the landscape herbicide as defined in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the schisandra chinensis extract to pendimethalin is 2-5: 1.

5. the landscape herbicide of claim 1, wherein the paraffinic oil comprises normal paraffin, isoparaffin, naphthenic oil, and heavy paraffin fractions.

6. The garden herbicide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the vegetable oil to the surfactant with H L B ranging from 5 to 8 is 1:1 to 3.

7. The landscape herbicide of claim 1, wherein the surfactant has an H L B value of 5-8 and is one or more of polyoxyethylene dioleate, tetraethylene glycol monooleate, tetraethylene glycol monostearate, polyoxypropylene mannitol dioleate, and polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin oleic acid derivatives.

8. The garden herbicide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the schisandra chinensis extract is prepared by a method comprising the steps of: mixing schisandra chinensis and an extraction solvent in a proportion of 1: 6-10, leaching for 24-36h, filtering, reflux-extracting the filtered residue at 75-95 deg.C for 1-3 times, mixing the leaching solution and the reflux-extracting solution, and concentrating under reduced pressure until no solvent is evaporated.

9. A method for preparing the landscape herbicide as defined in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:

s1 mixing pendimethalin with fructus Schisandrae chinensis extract, paraffin oil, and trifluoroacetic acid thoroughly until they are dispersed uniformly;

s2, adding carfentrazone-ethyl, aminopyralid and surfactant, and stirring to be uniform.