CN111466201A

CN111466201A - Automatic weeding device

Info

Publication number: CN111466201A
Application number: CN202010302323.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵菊兰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-16
Filing date: 2020-04-16
Publication date: 2020-07-31

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic weeding device, which comprises a bottom plate, traveling wheels, a weeding assembly, a collecting assembly, a soil loosening assembly, a gasoline engine, a push handle, a first button switch and a second button switch, wherein the collecting assembly is arranged, an exhaust fan runs in a power-on mode during weeding, cut chopped grass is collected through a collecting cover and conveyed into a collecting box through a collecting pipe, a crushing roller is used for crushing the cut chopped grass, the collection of the cut chopped grass is facilitated, the concentrated treatment of the cut chopped grass is facilitated, a guide plate is used for conducting guide operation on the cut chopped grass, and the cut chopped grass is guaranteed to smoothly enter between the crushing rollers; through setting up the subassembly that loosens the soil, when the operation that needs loosen the soil, press second button switch, electric putter promotes the backup pad and moves down, makes the sword that loosens the soil contradict subaerially, and the electric machine that loosens the soil drives the dish and the sword rotation that loosens the soil, loosens the soil the operation to ground, improves weeding device's functionality, and electric putter is convenient for loosen the soil the upper and lower control of sword, improves the practicality of the subassembly that loosens the soil.

Description

Automatic weeding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of weeding equipment, in particular to an automatic weeding device.

Background

The existing weeder mainly comprises a power weeder and a manual weeder, wherein the power weeder is provided with an engine, and the engine is used for driving a cutting unit to rotate, so that when a user pushes the weeder on a lawn, the action of mowing can be automatically carried out, the engine and the cutting unit can still keep the running state even if the weeding machine does not move, the manual weeding has no power source such as engine running and the like, the wheels or the friction wheels are rubbed and rolled on the lawn when a user pushes the weeding machine, the cutting unit at the bottom of the weeding machine is driven to rotate by wheels or friction wheels, the prior weeding device is inconvenient for collecting cut and broken grass, causes the phenomenon of mess on site, is not beneficial to the centralized treatment of the cut and broken grass, therefore, an automatic weeding device is urgently needed to be developed to solve the problems and facilitate market popularization and application.

Therefore, an automatic weeding device is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic weeding device, which is provided with a collecting component, wherein an exhaust fan runs when weeding to collect cut and crushed grass through a collecting cover, the cut and crushed grass is conveyed into a collecting box through a collecting pipe, the crushing roller further crushes the cut and crushed grass to facilitate the collection of the cut and crushed grass, the phenomenon of mess on site is avoided, the concentrated treatment of the cut and crushed grass is facilitated, a guide plate conducts flow guiding operation on the cut and crushed grass to ensure that the cut and crushed grass smoothly enters between the crushing rollers, when the soil loosening operation is required, a second button switch is pressed down, an electric push rod pushes a support plate to move downwards to enable a soil loosening blade to abut against the ground, a soil loosening motor drives a soil loosening disc and the soil loosening blade to rotate to loosen the ground, the functionality of the weeding device is improved, and the electric push rod facilitates the up-and-down control of the soil loosening blade, the practicality of the subassembly that loosens the soil is improved, the weeding subassembly of setting, weeding motor drive swing arm and weeding sword rotate, and the weeding sword carries out the weeding operation, and the baffle plays the operation that blocks to cutting the garrulous grass, avoids cutting the garrulous grass phenomenon that scatters one place, and is convenient for cut the collection operation of garrulous grass to solve the problem that mentions in the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic weeding device comprises a bottom plate, four walking wheels, a weeding assembly, a collecting assembly, a soil loosening assembly, a gasoline engine, a push handle, a first button switch and a second button switch, wherein the walking wheels are fixed below the bottom plate through bolts; the push handle is fixed above one end of the bottom plate through a bolt; the weeding assembly is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle, above the bottom plate through a bolt, and the lower end of the weeding assembly is positioned below the bottom plate; the collecting assembly is fixed in the middle position above the bottom plate through a bolt, and the lower end of the collecting assembly is positioned below the bottom plate; the gasoline engine is fixed at one end, close to the push handle, above the bottom plate through a bolt; the soil loosening assembly is fixed at one end, close to the push handle, below the bottom plate through a bolt; the first button switch is fixed above the front side of the push handle through a bolt; the second button switch is fixed on the front side of the push handle through a bolt, and the second button switch is located below the first button switch.

Preferably, the lower end of the bottom plate is provided with a mounting groove, the gasoline engine is L P2000 type, the outer side above the push handle is provided with an anti-skidding sleeve, the first button switch and the second button switch are respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine through conducting wires, and the first button switch and the second button switch are both Z L Q19A-PE type.

Preferably, the weeding assembly comprises a weeding motor, a baffle plate, a rotary rod, a rotary disk and four weeding knives, the baffle plate is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle, below the bottom plate through a bolt, the weeding motor is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle, above the bottom plate through a bolt, an output shaft of the weeding motor penetrates into the baffle plate, the weeding motor is electrically connected with the gasoline engine and the first button switch through wires respectively, the weeding motor is ZP L X-shaped, the rotary rod is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft of the weeding motor through a coupler, the rotary disk is fixed below the rotary rod through a shaft pin, the weeding knives are fixed around the rotary disk through bolts, the weeding knives are located on the inner side of the baffle plate, and the lower ends of the weeding knives are higher than the lower ends of the walking.

Preferably, the collecting assembly comprises a collecting box, a material guide plate, a crushing roller, a cleaning door, an exhaust fan, a collecting pipe and a collecting cover, and the collecting box is fixed in the middle above the bottom plate through a bolt; the two guide plates are fixed above the interior of the collecting box through bolts and are arranged obliquely, wherein the outer sides of the guide plates are higher than the inner sides of the guide plates; the two crushing rollers are fixed inside the collecting box through shaft sleeves and positioned below the material guide plate, and a driving motor is arranged at the tail end of each crushing roller; the cleaning door hinge is arranged at the middle position below the front side of the collecting box; the exhaust fan is fixed above the collecting box through a bolt, an air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected with the middle position above the collecting box through a pipeline, the exhaust fan is electrically connected with the gasoline engine and the first button switch through a wire respectively, and the exhaust fan is of a DPT10-20A type; the collecting pipe is fixed above the inner side of the baffle through a bolt and is connected with an air inlet of the exhaust fan through a pipeline; the collecting cover adopts two, and collects the both sides that the cover passes through the bolt fastening in the collecting pipe below, and the lower extreme that should collect the cover adopts tubaeform, and wherein collect the cover and be located the both sides of swing arm.

Preferably, the soil loosening assembly comprises a mounting plate, two electric push rods, a support plate, a soil loosening motor, a soil loosening disc and soil loosening blades, the mounting plate is fixed above the inner portion of the mounting groove of the bottom plate through bolts, the electric push rods are fixed at two ends below the mounting plate through bolts, the electric push rods are electrically connected with the gasoline engine and the second button switch through leads respectively, the electric push rods are XT L100 type, the support plate is fixed below the electric push rods through bolts, the soil loosening motor is fixed in the middle position above the support plate through bolts, a driving belt pulley is arranged at the tail end of an output shaft of the soil loosening motor, the soil loosening motor is electrically connected with the gasoline engine and the second button switch through leads respectively, the soil loosening motor is ZP L X type, the soil loosening disc is fixed below the support plate through a shaft sleeve, a driven belt pulley is arranged at the tail end of a main shaft of the soil loosening disc, the driven belt pulley of the soil loosening disc is connected with the driving belt pulley of the soil loosening motor through a belt, and the soil loosening blades are fixed on the circumference of the soil loosening disc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, by arranging the collecting assembly, the exhaust fan is electrified to operate during weeding, cut and crushed grass is collected through the collecting cover and is conveyed into the collecting box through the collecting pipe, the crushing roller further crushes the cut and crushed grass, the collection of the cut and crushed grass is convenient, the phenomenon of mess on site is avoided, the concentrated treatment of the cut and crushed grass is facilitated, the guide plate guides the cut and crushed grass, and the cut and crushed grass is ensured to smoothly enter between the crushing rollers;

2. according to the weeding device, the soil loosening assembly is arranged, when soil loosening operation is needed, the second button switch is pressed, the electric push rod pushes the supporting plate to move downwards, the soil loosening blade is abutted to the ground, the soil loosening motor drives the soil loosening disc and the soil loosening blade to rotate, soil loosening operation is conducted on the ground, the functionality of the weeding device is improved, the electric push rod is convenient for up-and-down control of the soil loosening blade, and the practicability of the soil loosening assembly is improved;

3. according to the invention, the weeding assembly is arranged, the weeding motor drives the rotary rod and the weeding knife to rotate, the weeding knife carries out weeding operation, the baffle plate blocks the cut and crushed grass, the phenomenon that the cut and crushed grass falls on the ground is avoided, and the collection operation of the cut and crushed grass is convenient to carry out.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the herbicidal assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the collection assembly of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ripping assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a base plate; 2. a traveling wheel; 3. a herbicidal assembly; 301. a weeding motor; 302. a baffle plate; 303. rotating the rod; 304. rotating the disc; 305. weeding knives; 4. a collection assembly; 401. a collection box; 402. a material guide plate; 403. a crushing roller; 404. cleaning the door; 405. an exhaust fan; 406. a collection pipe; 407. a collection hood; 5. a soil loosening assembly; 501. mounting a plate; 502. an electric push rod; 503. a support plate; 504. a soil loosening motor; 505. a soil loosening disc; 506. a soil loosening blade; 6. a gasoline engine; 7. a push handle; 8. a first push button switch; 9. a second push button switch.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic weeding device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a bottom plate 1, walking wheels 2, a weeding assembly 3, a collecting assembly 4, a soil loosening assembly 5, a gasoline engine 6, a push handle 7, a first button switch 8 and a second button switch 9, wherein the number of the walking wheels 2 is four, and the walking wheels 2 are fixed below the bottom plate 1 through bolts; the push handle 7 is fixed above one end of the bottom plate 1 through a bolt; the weeding assembly 3 is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle 7, above the bottom plate 1 through a bolt, and the lower end of the weeding assembly 3 is positioned below the bottom plate 1; the collecting assembly 4 is fixed at the middle position above the bottom plate 1 through a bolt, and the lower end of the collecting assembly 4 is positioned below the bottom plate 1; the gasoline engine 6 is fixed at one end, close to the push handle 7, above the bottom plate 1 through a bolt; the soil loosening assembly 5 is fixed at one end, close to the push handle 7, below the bottom plate 1 through a bolt; the first button switch 8 is fixed above the front side of the push handle 7 through a bolt; the second button switch 9 is fixed on the front side of the push handle 7 through a bolt, and the second button switch 9 is positioned below the first button switch 8.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the lower end of the bottom plate 1 is provided with a mounting groove, the gasoline engine 6 is of L P2000 type, the outer side above the push handle 7 is provided with an anti-slip sleeve, the first button switch 8 and the second button switch 9 are respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine 6 through wires, and the first button switch 8 and the second button switch 9 are of Z L Q19A-PE type.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, gasoline engine 6 provides power for weeding device, and first button switch 8 and second button switch 9 are convenient for carry out weeding device's control.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the weeding assembly 3 comprises a weeding motor 301, a baffle plate 302, a rotary rod 303, a rotary disk 304 and weeding knives 305, the baffle plate 302 is fixed at one end, far away from a push handle 7, below a bottom plate 1 through bolts, the weeding motor 301 is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle 7, above the bottom plate 1 through bolts, an output shaft of the weeding motor 301 penetrates into the baffle plate 302, the weeding motor 301 is respectively and electrically connected with a gasoline engine 6 and a first button switch 8 through conducting wires, wherein the weeding motor 301 is of a ZP L X type, the rotary rod 303 is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft of the weeding motor 301 through a coupling, the rotary disk 304 is fixed below the rotary rod 303 through a shaft pin, the weeding knives 305 are four, the weeding knives 305 are fixed around the rotary disk 304 through bolts, the weeding knives 305 are located on the inner side of the baffle plate 302, and the lower ends of the weeding knives 305.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, weeding motor 301 drives swing arm 303 and weeding sword 305 and rotates, and weeding sword 305 carries out the weeding operation, and baffle 302 plays the operation that blocks to cutting the garrulous grass, avoids cutting the garrulous grass phenomenon that falls scattered one place, and is convenient for carry out the collection operation of cutting the garrulous grass.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the collecting assembly 4 comprises a collecting box 401, a material guide plate 402, a crushing roller 403, a cleaning door 404, an exhaust fan 405, a collecting pipe 406 and a collecting cover 407, wherein the collecting box 401 is fixed at an intermediate position above the bottom plate 1 through bolts; the number of the guide plates 402 is two, the guide plates 402 are fixed above the collecting box 401 through bolts, the guide plates 402 are arranged in an inclined manner, wherein the outer sides of the guide plates 402 are higher than the inner sides of the guide plates 402; the number of the crushing rollers 403 is two, the crushing rollers 403 are fixed inside the collecting box 401 through shaft sleeves, the crushing rollers 403 are positioned below the material guide plate 402, and a driving motor is arranged at the tail end of each crushing roller 403; the cleaning door 404 is hinged at the middle position below the front side of the collecting box 401; the exhaust fan 405 is fixed above the collection box 401 through a bolt, an air outlet of the exhaust fan 405 is connected with the middle position above the collection box 401 through a pipeline, the exhaust fan 405 is electrically connected with the gasoline engine 6 and the first button switch 8 through a wire respectively, and the exhaust fan 405 is DPT10-20A type; the collecting pipe 406 is fixed above the inner side of the baffle plate 302 through a bolt, and the collecting pipe 406 is connected with an air inlet of an exhaust fan 405 through a pipeline; the number of the collecting covers 407 is two, the collecting covers 407 are fixed to both sides below the collecting pipe 406 by bolts, the lower end of the collecting cover 407 is in a horn shape, and the collecting covers 407 are located on both sides of the rotating rod 303.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, air exhauster 405 circular telegram operation during the weeding will cut garrulous grass and collect through collecting cover 407, carry collecting box 401 in through collecting pipe 406, smash roller 403 and carry out further crushing operation to cutting garrulous grass, be convenient for carry out the collection of cutting garrulous grass, avoid the on-the-spot dirty and disorderly phenomenon of appearing, be favorable to cutting the centralized processing of garrulous grass, baffle 402 carries out the water conservancy diversion operation to cutting garrulous grass, guarantees that cutting garrulous grass gets into between the crushing roller 403 smoothly.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the soil loosening assembly 5 comprises a mounting plate 501, two electric push rods 502, a support plate 503, a soil loosening motor 504, a soil loosening disc 505 and soil loosening blades 506, wherein the mounting plate 501 is fixed above the inside of the mounting groove of the bottom plate 1 through bolts, the electric push rods 502 are fixed at two ends below the mounting plate 501 through bolts, the electric push rods 502 are respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine 6 and the second button switch 9 through leads, the electric push rods 502 are selected from an XT L100 type, the support plate 503 is fixed below the electric push rods 502 through bolts, the soil loosening motor 504 is fixed at the middle position above the support plate 503 through bolts, a driving pulley is arranged at the tail end of an output shaft of the soil loosening motor 504, the electric push rod 504 is respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine 6 and the second button switch 9 through leads, the ZP L X type is selected as the soil loosening motor, the soil loosening disc 505 is fixed below the support plate 503 through a shaft sleeve, a driven pulley is arranged at the tail end of a main shaft of the soil loosening disc 505, the driven pulley of the soil loosening disc 505 is connected with a belt 504 through bolts 506, and the soil loosening blades 506 are fixed on the circumference of the soil loosening disc 506 through bolts.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the operation that loosens the soil needs to be carried out, press second button switch 9, electric putter 502 promotes backup pad 503 downstream, makes the sword 506 that loosens the soil contradict subaerially, and the motor 504 that loosens the soil drives the dish 505 and the sword 506 that loosens the soil and rotates, loosens the soil the operation to ground, improves weeding device's functionality, and electric putter 502 is convenient for loosen the soil the control from top to bottom of sword 506, improves the practicality of the subassembly 5 that loosens the soil.

The working principle is as follows: when the weeding machine is used, the gasoline engine 6 provides power for the weeding device, the first button switch 8 and the second button switch 9 are convenient for controlling the weeding device, the weeding motor 301 drives the rotary rod 303 and the weeding knife 305 to rotate, the weeding knife 305 carries out weeding operation, the baffle plate 302 plays a role in blocking cut and crushed grass, the phenomenon that the cut and crushed grass falls off the ground is avoided, the collection operation of the cut and crushed grass is convenient to carry out, the exhaust fan 405 is electrified to operate during weeding, the cut and crushed grass is collected through the collection cover 407 and is conveyed into the collection box 401 through the collection pipe 406, the crushing roller 403 carries out further crushing operation on the cut and crushed grass, the collection of the cut and crushed grass is convenient to carry out, the phenomenon of dirty and messy cutting is avoided on site, the guide plate 402 carries out flow guiding operation on the cut and crushed grass, the cut and crushed grass are ensured to smoothly enter between the crushing rollers 403, and when the soil loosening operation is required, press second button switch 9, electric putter 502 promotes backup pad 503 downstream, makes the sword 506 that loosens the soil contradict subaerially, and the motor 504 that loosens the soil drives the dish 505 and the sword 506 that loosens the soil and rotates, loosens the soil the operation to ground, improves weeding device's functionality, and electric putter 502 is convenient for loosen the soil the upper and lower control of sword 506, improves the practicality of the subassembly 5 that loosens the soil.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic weeding device, which is characterized in that: the weeding machine comprises a bottom plate (1), walking wheels (2), a weeding assembly (3), a collecting assembly (4), a soil loosening assembly (5), a gasoline engine (6), a pushing handle (7), a first button switch (8) and a second button switch (9), wherein the number of the walking wheels (2) is four, and the walking wheels (2) are fixed below the bottom plate (1) through bolts; the push handle (7) is fixed above one end of the bottom plate (1) through a bolt; the weeding assembly (3) is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle (7), above the bottom plate (1) through a bolt, and the lower end of the weeding assembly (3) is positioned below the bottom plate (1); the collecting assembly (4) is fixed in the middle position above the bottom plate (1) through a bolt, and the lower end of the collecting assembly (4) is positioned below the bottom plate (1); the gasoline engine (6) is fixed at one end, close to the push handle (7), above the bottom plate (1) through a bolt; the soil loosening assembly (5) is fixed at one end, close to the push handle (7), below the bottom plate (1) through a bolt; the first button switch (8) is fixed above the front side of the push handle (7) through a bolt; the second button switch (9) is fixed on the front side of the push handle (7) through a bolt, and the second button switch (9) is positioned below the first button switch (8).

2. The automatic weeding device according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a mounting groove, the gasoline engine (6) is of L P2000 type, the outer side above the push handle (7) is provided with an anti-slip sleeve, the first button switch (8) and the second button switch (9) are respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine (6) through wires, and the first button switch (8) and the second button switch (9) are both of Z L Q19A-PE type.

3. The automatic weeding device according to claim 1, wherein the weeding assembly (3) comprises a weeding motor (301), a baffle plate (302), a rotating rod (303), a rotating disc (304) and weeding knives (305), the baffle plate (302) is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle (7), below the bottom plate (1) through bolts, the weeding motor (301) is fixed at one end, far away from the push handle (7), above the bottom plate (1) through bolts, an output shaft of the weeding motor (301) penetrates into the inner portion of the baffle plate (302), the weeding motor (301) is respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine (6) and the first button switch (8) through wires, the weeding motor (301) is of a ZP L X type, the rotating rod (303) is fixed at the tail end of the output shaft of the weeding motor (301) through a coupler, the rotating disc (304) is fixed below the rotating rod (303) through a shaft pin, the weeding knives (305) are four, the weeding knives (305) are fixed around the rotating disc (304) through bolts, and the weeding knives (305) are positioned at the lower end of the baffle plate (302), wherein the lower end of the weeding knives (2) is higher than the lower end of the.

4. An automated weeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the collecting assembly (4) comprises a collecting box (401), a material guide plate (402), a crushing roller (403), a cleaning door (404), an exhaust fan (405), a collecting pipe (406) and a collecting cover (407), wherein the collecting box (401) is fixed in the middle position above the bottom plate (1) through bolts; the number of the material guide plates (402) is two, the material guide plates (402) are fixed above the interior of the collection box (401) through bolts, the material guide plates (402) are arranged in an inclined mode, and the outer sides of the material guide plates (402) are higher than the inner sides of the material guide plates (402); the number of the crushing rollers (403) is two, the crushing rollers (403) are fixed inside the collecting box (401) through shaft sleeves, the crushing rollers (403) are positioned below the material guide plate (402), and the tail ends of the crushing rollers (403) are provided with driving motors; the cleaning door (404) is hinged at the middle position below the front side of the collecting box (401); the exhaust fan (405) is fixed above the collection box (401) through a bolt, an air outlet of the exhaust fan (405) is connected with the middle position above the collection box (401) through a pipeline, the exhaust fan (405) is electrically connected with the gasoline engine (6) and the first button switch (8) through a wire respectively, and the exhaust fan (405) is of a DPT10-20A type; the collecting pipe (406) is fixed above the inner side of the baffle (302) through a bolt, and the collecting pipe (406) is connected with an air inlet of an exhaust fan (405) through a pipeline; the number of the collecting covers (407) is two, the collecting covers (407) are fixed on two sides below the collecting pipe (406) through bolts, the lower end of each collecting cover (407) is in a horn shape, and the collecting covers (407) are located on two sides of the rotating rod (303).

5. The automatic weeding device according to claim 1, wherein the soil loosening assembly (5) comprises a mounting plate (501), two electric push rods (502), a support plate (503), a soil loosening motor (504), a soil loosening disc (505) and soil loosening blades (506), the mounting plate (501) is fixed above the inner portion of the mounting groove of the base plate (1) through bolts, the electric push rods (502) are fixed at two ends below the mounting plate (501) through bolts, the electric push rods (502) are respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine (6) and the second button switch (9) through leads, the electric push rods (502) are selected from an XT 85100 type, the support plate (503) is fixed below the electric push rods (502) through bolts, the soil loosening motor (504) is fixed at a middle position above the support plate (503) through bolts, the tail end of an output shaft of the soil loosening motor (504) is provided with a driving pulley, the soil loosening motor (504) is respectively and electrically connected with the gasoline engine (6) and the second button switch (9) through leads, the soil loosening motor (505) is fixed at a driven pulley (505) of the soil loosening disc (505), and a plurality of driven pulleys (505) are fixed below the soil loosening disc (505) through bolts, and a plurality of driven pulleys (506) are arranged below the support plate (505).