CN111464417A - Vehicle-mounted network architecture based on gigabit Ethernet bus and communication method - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted network architecture based on gigabit Ethernet bus and communication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111464417A CN111464417A CN202010274383.7A CN202010274383A CN111464417A CN 111464417 A CN111464417 A CN 111464417A CN 202010274383 A CN202010274383 A CN 202010274383A CN 111464417 A CN111464417 A CN 111464417A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
- H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle
Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted network architecture based on a gigabit Ethernet bus, which comprises a gateway and a plurality of domain controllers, wherein each domain controller is connected with an Ethernet exchanger of the gateway through the Ethernet bus, the Ethernet exchanger is used for realizing information interaction among the domain controllers, the gateway is connected with an OBD interface through a CAN bus, the gateway is used for converting a communication protocol of a diagnosis request from the OBD interface and forwarding the diagnosis request after the communication protocol conversion to a domain controller appointed by the diagnosis request through the Ethernet exchanger of the gateway, and the gateway also forwards a diagnosis response of the appointed domain controller to a diagnosis interface link. The invention adopts the vehicle-mounted gigabit Ethernet bus as a backbone network to connect the controllers of each domain, thereby realizing the high-efficiency interaction of signals among the controllers of each domain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automotive electronics, in particular to a vehicle-mounted network architecture and a communication method based on a gigabit Ethernet bus.
Background
Currently, the automobile bus commonly used IN automobiles has a local interconnection protocol L IN (L optical Interconnect Network) and a Controller Area Network CAN (Controller Area Network). New automobile functions, such as an automatic parking system, a lane departure detection system, blind spot detection, high-speed automatic driving, passenger car parking, an advanced information entertainment system and the like, cause new data bus requirements.
The current vehicle-mounted network architecture usually adopts CAN, L IN and CAN FD buses, the communication bandwidth is limited, some vehicle models also start to adopt hundred-megabyte vehicle-mounted Ethernet, but the hundred-megabyte Ethernet is more used for diagnosis and information entertainment systems due to time delay, and the high real-time transmission requirement of network signals of automatic driving L4 and L5 cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vehicle-mounted network architecture and a communication method based on a gigabit Ethernet bus, which aim at the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the vehicle-mounted network architecture based On the gigabit Ethernet bus comprises a gateway and a plurality of domain controllers, wherein each domain controller is connected with an Ethernet exchanger of the gateway through the Ethernet bus, the Ethernet exchanger is used for realizing information interaction among the domain controllers, a CAN communication interface of the gateway is connected with an OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) interface through a CAN bus, the gateway is used for converting a diagnostic request from the OBD interface into a communication protocol and transmitting the diagnostic request after the communication protocol conversion to a domain controller appointed by the diagnostic request through the Ethernet exchanger of the gateway, and the gateway also transmits the diagnostic response of the appointed domain controller to a diagnostic interface link.
The invention adopts the vehicle-mounted gigabit Ethernet bus as a backbone network (the domain controllers are connected by the vehicle-mounted Ethernet bus, and the connection network between the domain controllers is the backbone network), CAN meet the signal real-time transmission requirements under various scenes of an automatic driving system and a high-grade information entertainment system, simultaneously, the gateway is used as a central center of a network architecture, integrates a network security chip, IDS and IPS functions, CAN monitor and defend the whole vehicle network, has CAN bus connection and Ethernet connection between an OBD interface and the gateway, CAN meet the diagnosis requirements of laws and regulations on an electric control unit, and CAN meet the requirement of quick software flashing of the electric control unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
wherein, 1-gateway, 1.1-Ethernet exchanger, 2-domain controller, 3-OBD interface.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the vehicle-mounted network architecture based on gigabit ethernet bus includes a gateway 1 and a plurality of domain controllers 2, an ethernet interface of each domain controller 2 is connected to an ethernet switch 1.1 of the gateway 1 through the ethernet bus, the ethernet bus between each domain controller 2 and the ethernet switch 1.1 follows 1000BASE-T1 communication protocol (vehicle-mounted gigabit ethernet protocol), the communication rate is 1000Mbit/s, the ethernet switch 1.1 is used for implementing information interaction between each domain controller 2, the CAN communication interface of the gateway 1 is connected to the CAN communication interface of the OBD interface 3 through the CAN bus, the communication rate of the CAN bus is 500Kbit/s, the gateway 1 is used for converting the diagnostic request from the OBD interface 3 into the communication protocol (the CAN protocol is converted into the 1000BASE-T1 protocol), and the diagnostic request after being converted into the communication protocol is forwarded to the domain controller 2 specified by the diagnostic request through the ethernet switch 1.1 of the gateway 1 The gateway 1 also forwards the diagnosis response of the specified domain controller 2 to a diagnosis interface link (a diagnosis interface link is formed by connecting the gateway 1 and the OBD interface 3), and the external equipment initiates a diagnosis request from the OBD interface 3 and forwards the diagnosis request to the corresponding domain controller by the CPU of the gateway 1; after receiving the diagnosis request, the domain controller will make a diagnosis response, and then the diagnosis response is forwarded to the external diagnosis device by the CPU of the gateway 1.
In the technical scheme, signal interaction among a plurality of domain controllers is realized through the Ethernet exchanger 1.1 of the gateway 1, the Ethernet exchanger 1.1 is integrated in the gateway 1 to have better network communication safety, the Ethernet exchanger can play a better network safety protection role when being integrated in the gateway, and the gateway can monitor whether communication with each domain controller is abnormal or not; if integrated in other domain controllers, the domain controller has to integrate the network security system IDS and IPS.
IN the above technical solution, each domain controller 2 has one or more CAN interfaces, one or more L IN interfaces, and one or more Ethernet interfaces, and a plurality of basic controllers, sensors, and actuators are located below each domain controller 2, and these basic controllers, sensors, and actuators may have CAN interfaces, or L IN interfaces, or Ethernet interfaces (vehicle Ethernet).
In the above technical solution, the gateway 1 is integrated with a network security chip, the network security chip is used for performing encryption transmission of network signals (such as engine throttle control signals, light control signals, and door lock control signals) through an ethernet bus, and may employ an AES128 symmetric algorithm to encrypt and decrypt data, and employ the encryption algorithm to encrypt data (i.e. signals) to be transmitted; for example, the automatic driving domain controller sends a high beam control command, encryption algorithm is firstly used for encryption, and the cabin domain controller receives the high beam control command and then decrypts the high beam control command, so that the safety of transmission signals is guaranteed.
In the above technical solution, the gateway 1 has an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) and an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), and fully monitors and protects the network security of the entire vehicle. Two system implementations are 2: one is that the gateway writes the code according to the network security requirement; and the other is to integrate software components developed by a third party, and the system can comprehensively monitor whether data between each domain controller and the gateway is abnormal or not and whether the data is attacked or not.
In the above technical solution, the ethernet interface of the gateway 1 and the ethernet interface of the OBD interface 3 are further connected by an ethernet bus, the ethernet bus follows a 1000BASE-TX communication protocol, the communication rate is 1000Mbit/s, the OBD interface 3 is used for performing software flash on an electronic control unit on a vehicle through the gateway 1, and external diagnostic devices (such as a diagnostic apparatus and an EO L device) can perform software flash on a controller through the OBD interface.
The external diagnostic equipment (such as a diagnostic instrument and EO L equipment) transmits the software which is written by the flash to the gateway through the vehicle-mounted Ethernet bus, and the gateway transmits the software to the domain controller through the Ethernet exchanger 1.1 and the Ethernet;
if the software is to be written to the basic controllers, sensors and actuators below the domain controller, there are 2 ways:
1. the external diagnostic equipment is sent to the basic controller, the sensor and the actuator through the gateway 1, the Ethernet exchanger 1.1 and the domain controller 2 in sequence; diagnostic brush writing is initiated by an external diagnostic device
2. The controller software sends information from the external diagnostic device to the domain controller through the gateway's Ethernet switch 1.1, the domain controller stores the software to be flashed, and the domain controller initiates the software flashing to the underlying base controller, sensors, and actuators.
In the above technical solution, the domain controllers 2 realize information transmission of control commands of vehicle functions and vehicle status information through the ethernet switch 1.1. Such as: the domain controller 2 is an intelligent cockpit domain controller and an automatic driving domain controller; the automatic driving area controller can send control commands such as a wiper, a high beam, a dipped headlight, a fog light and the like to the intelligent cabin area controller through the gigabit Ethernet and the Ethernet exchanger 1.1, and can also send video and image information of the surrounding environment of the vehicle; the cabin area controller can send automatic driving function opening/closing signals, wiper, light, door lock and other state signals to the automatic driving area controller through the gigabit Ethernet and the Ethernet exchanger 1.1;
a vehicle network communication method of gigabit Ethernet bus comprises the following steps:
step 1: each domain controller 2 (for example, ESC, EPS, radar and camera are arranged below the automatic driving domain controller, a vehicle door controller, a seat controller and the like are arranged below the cabin domain controller or the vehicle door controller, the seat controller and the like) is connected with an Ethernet exchanger 1.1 of the gateway 1 through an Ethernet bus, and information interaction is carried out among all the domain controllers 2 through the Ethernet exchanger 1.1;
step 2: the gateway 1 is connected with the OBD interface 3 through a CAN bus, the gateway 1 is used for converting a communication protocol of a diagnosis request from the OBD interface 3 and forwarding the diagnosis request after the communication protocol conversion to a domain controller 2 (each controller has a unique diagnosis request ID and a diagnosis response ID and is specified by a host factory) specified by the diagnosis request through an Ethernet exchanger 1.1 of the gateway 1, the existing vehicle is generally a CAN controller and adopts CAN diagnosis, and the gateway does not need to convert the communication protocol;
and step 3: the gateway 1 also forwards the diagnostic response of the above specified domain controller 2 onto the diagnostic interface link.
The on-board network of the present invention is more open, high-speed, and easily integrated with other electronic systems or devices, while helping to reduce power consumption, harness weight, and deployment costs. The vehicle-mounted Ethernet can transmit signals by using a single pair of unshielded twisted pair, can provide broadband performance of 100Mbit/s and higher, and can reduce the weight of the cable by 30% and reduce the connection cost by 80%.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A vehicle network architecture based on gigabit Ethernet bus is characterized in that: the system comprises a gateway (1) and a plurality of domain controllers (2), wherein each domain controller (2) is connected with an Ethernet exchanger (1.1) of the gateway (1) through an Ethernet bus, the Ethernet exchanger (1.1) is used for realizing information interaction among the domain controllers (2), a CAN communication interface of the gateway (1) is connected with an OBD interface (3) through a CAN bus, the gateway (1) is used for converting a communication protocol of a diagnosis request from the OBD interface (3) and forwarding the diagnosis request after the communication protocol conversion to the domain controller (2) appointed by the diagnosis request through the Ethernet exchanger (1.1) of the gateway (1), and the gateway (1) also forwards a diagnosis response of the appointed controller (2) to a diagnosis interface link.
2. The vehicular network architecture according to claim 1, wherein each domain controller (2) has a CAN interface, an L IN interface and an Ethernet interface.
3. The gigabit ethernet bus based vehicle network architecture of claim 1, wherein: the gateway (1) is integrated with a network security chip, and the network security chip is used for carrying out encryption transmission on network signals through an Ethernet bus.
4. The gigabit ethernet bus based vehicle network architecture of claim 1, wherein: the gateway (1) is provided with an intrusion detection system and an intrusion prevention system.
5. The gigabit ethernet bus based vehicle network architecture of claim 1, wherein: the gateway (1) is connected with the OBD interface (3) through an Ethernet bus, and the OBD interface (3) is used for conducting software flashing on an electric control unit on the vehicle through the gateway (1).
6. The gigabit ethernet bus based vehicle network architecture of claim 1, wherein: and the domain controllers (2) realize the information transmission of the control command of the vehicle function and the vehicle state information through the Ethernet exchanger (1.1).
7. The gigabit ethernet bus based vehicle network architecture of claim 4, wherein: the gateway (1) has 2 implementation modes of an intrusion detection system and an intrusion prevention system: one is that the gateway writes the code according to the network security requirement; and the other is to integrate software components developed by a third party, and the intrusion detection system and the intrusion prevention system can comprehensively monitor whether data between the controllers and the gateways of each domain are abnormal or not and whether the data are attacked or not.
8. A vehicle-mounted network communication method of a gigabit Ethernet bus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: each domain controller (2) is connected with an Ethernet exchanger (1.1) of the gateway (1) through an Ethernet bus, and information interaction is carried out among the domain controllers (2) through the Ethernet exchangers (1.1);
step 2: the gateway (1) is connected with the OBD interface (3) through a CAN bus, and the gateway (1) is used for converting a communication protocol of a diagnosis request from the OBD interface (3) and forwarding the diagnosis request after the communication protocol conversion to a domain controller (2) specified by the diagnosis request through an Ethernet exchanger (1.1) of the gateway (1);
and step 3: the gateway (1) also forwards the diagnostic response of the above-specified domain controller (2) onto the diagnostic interface link.
9. The on-board network communication method of the gigabit ethernet bus according to claim 8, wherein: and the OBD interface (3) is used for performing software flash on an electric control unit on the vehicle through the gateway (1).
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113325780A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-08-31 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle communication system and vehicle |
| CN113460085A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-01 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Service-oriented automatic driving network design and communication method and computer equipment |
| CN113783761A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-10 | 智新科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted communication network connection method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN114115178A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 沙龙智行科技有限公司 | Vehicle radar diagnosis method and system based on domain controller |
| CN114257388A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-29 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Information safety protection method and device of Internet of vehicles system and electric vehicle |
| CN114326503A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-12 | 智新科技股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted IO gateway controller and communication method |
| CN114710432A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-05 | 武汉光庭信息技术股份有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted Ethernet communication joint debugging method and system |
| CN115189981A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-14 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | Lin bus interface based on master-slave reusability |
| CN116248441A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-06-09 | 成都赛力斯科技有限公司 | Vehicle-mounted gateway system |
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