CN111464031A - 一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路 - Google Patents

一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路 Download PDF

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CN111464031A
CN111464031A CN202010438907.1A CN202010438907A CN111464031A CN 111464031 A CN111464031 A CN 111464031A CN 202010438907 A CN202010438907 A CN 202010438907A CN 111464031 A CN111464031 A CN 111464031A
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voltage
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protector
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Shanghai Xinlong Semiconductor Technology Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路,其内部的功能模块包括内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器、启动器、取样放大器、频率补偿器、短路保护器、振荡器、比较器、逻辑控制器、过温保护器、过流保护器、上管驱动器、功率开关上管、过零比较器、下管驱动器、功率开关下管和5个管脚;这5个管脚对应的管脚号为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5。

Description

一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路
技术领域
本专利是一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路。本专利所述集成电路是一颗全集成的、宽输入直流电压范围的、大电流输出的、工作在开关状态的、同步整流的、高转换效率的、实现降压变换功能的集成电路。该集成电路通过简单的外部系统应用设计,可以直接把输入的直流电压降压变换为设定的输出直流电压,实现输出恒定直流电压的功能。
背景技术
常见的电子电器的输入电压范围比较宽,工作电压为一固定值,这便需要电源转换系统来提供稳定的电压。由于开关电源的转换效率远高于线性稳压电源,其能效和综合性能也高于线性稳压电源而得到广泛应用。以往的开关电源是以肖特基二极管作为续流器件,随着电源输出电流不断增大,肖特基二极管带来的损耗在小体积的电源设备中难以承受;为减少肖特基二极管产生的损耗,便开发出以MOS管作为续流器件的开关电源集成电路。通常,我们将使用肖特基二极管作为续流器件的开关电源变换集成电路称为异步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路,将使用MOS管作为续流器件的开关电源变换集成电路称为同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路。不同的电子电器设备标注的输入电压与工作电压均不相同,如汽车与电动自行车上配置的车载全球卫星定位防盗报警器,其输入电压范围8V-56V,内部元器件工作电压是4.2V,工作电流峰值2A;汽车的标称供电电压是12V/24V,实际输入电压范围是8V-28V;电动自行车的标称供电电压是48V,实际输入电压范围是40V-56V。电动自行车控制器,输入电压范围是40V-56V,其内部器件工作电压与电流分别是15V/0.5A和5V/1A。电动叉车上的直流接触器,输入电压范围是40V-56V,其需要的控制电压与电流是12V/2A或15V/2A。为兼容大部分电子电器设备的输入电压与工作电压要求,需求一款降压型,同步整流模式,宽输入电压范围,输出电压可调整,输出电流5A以内的开关电源变换集成电路。本专利所述“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”是专门针对宽输入电压范围,大电流输出的,同步整流模式应用领域优化的单通道集成电路,其输入电压范围5V-90V,输出电压可以调整,输出电流可达5A。
发明内容
本专利是一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路。本专利采用创新的电路结构设计和先进的高压、大功率器件集成电路制造工艺,设计制造出一颗高压降压、同步整流模式的直流电压变换的集成电路。本专利所述集成电路,其内部的功能模块包括内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器、启动器、取样放大器、频率补偿器、短路保护器、振荡器、比较器、逻辑控制器、过温保护器、过流保护器、上管驱动器、功率开关上管、过零比较器、下管驱动器、功率开关下管和5个管脚;这5个管脚对应的管脚号为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5。本专利所述集成电路的工作原理是:电压变换器工作在同步整流模式的开关状态,高效率的实现直流电压的降压变换,通过外部输出电压的采样反馈端T2管脚,实时监测输出电压的变化,根据输出电压的变化来调整功率开关上管的导通时间,根据电感上电流值来调整功率下管的导通时间,从而实现输出电压恒定的功能。
附图说明
图1是本专利“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”的内部方框图。图2是本专利“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”实现输入8V-90V,输出5V/5A的典型应用电路示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是本专利“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”的内部方框图,该集成电路的编号为100,其内部的功能模块包括101内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器、102启动器、103取样放大器、104频率补偿器、105短路保护器、106振荡器、107比较器、108逻辑控制器、109过温保护器、110过流保护器、111上管驱动器、112功率开关上管、113过零比较器、114下管驱动器、115功率开关下管和5个管脚;这5个管脚对应的管脚号为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5。该集成电路内部的功能模块的连接关系为: T1是该集成电路的接地端管脚;T2是该集成电路的反馈信号输入端管脚;T3是该集成电路的功率输出端管脚;T4是该集成电路内部的逻辑控制器的外接钳位电容端管脚;T5是该集成电路的电源输入端管脚;102启动器的输入端连接到T5管脚,其输出端1连接到101内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器的输入端,输出端2连接到108逻辑控制器的输入端2;101内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器的输出端1连接到105短路保护器的输入端1,其输出端2连接到103取样放大器的输入端1;103取样放大器的输入端2连接到T2管脚,其输出端连接到107比较器输入端1与104频率补偿器的输出端;105短路保护器的输入端2连接到T2管脚,其输出端连接到106振荡器的输入端;106振荡器的输出端1连接到107比较器的输入端2,其输出端2连接到107比较器的输出端和108逻辑控制器的输入端3;108逻辑控制器的输入端4连接到109过温保护器的输出端,其输入端5连接T4管脚,输入端1连接到110过流保护器的输出端,输出端7连接到111上管驱动器的输入端,输出端6连接到114下管驱动器的输入端1;110过流保护器的输入端连接到T5管脚;T5管脚连接到112功率开关上管的输入端1;112功率开关上管的输入端2连接到111上管驱动器的输出端,其输出端连接到T3管脚和113过零比较器的输入端和115功率开关下管的输入端1;113过零比较器的输出端连接到114下管驱动器的输入端2;114下管驱动器的输出端连接到115功率开关下管的输入端2;115功率开关下管的输出端连接到T1管脚。图2是本专利“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”实现输入8V-90V,输出5V/5A的典型应用电路示意图。图中的所有器件的参数指标见下表:
器件编号 器件类型和说明 参数指标
100 集成电路 本专利所述集成电路
201 输入滤波电容 100uF/100V
202 输入高频电容 1uF/100V
203 钳位电容 1uF/50V
204 电感线圈 100uH/5A
205 输出高频电容 1uF/50V
206 输出滤波电容 220uF/16V
207 电阻 10K/0.125W
208 电阻 3.3K/0.125W
209 高频电容 33nF/50V
图2是本专利“一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路”实现输入8V-90V,输出5V/5A的典型应用电路示意图,其中:该集成电路的编号为100;VIN为输入直流电源,这里设计为8V-90V范围内的直流电压,经201和202滤波后输入到该集成电路的电源输入端T5管脚,经过集成电路100内部处理后从T3管脚输出功率电压信号,经204电感储能后,由205和206电容滤波后输出VOUT为纯净恒定直流电压;203为钳位电容,其通过T4管脚为100提供稳定电压用于打开内部功率开关上管;207和208为分压电阻,209为补偿电容,VOUT的电压通过分压电阻207/208的设置公式为:VOUT=1.25V*(1+207/208),这里设置为5V;207和208连接的节点采样到输出电压VOUT的变化后经过T2管脚反馈到集成电路100内部,100根据输出电压VOUT的变化来实时调整其内部功率开关上管的导通时间,根据电感电流值来实时调整其内部功率开关下管的导通时间,从而实现VOUT输出电压恒定的功能;T1管脚为该集成电路100和外围系统的公共接地端。

Claims (2)

1.一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路,其特征是包括内部稳压器与带隙基准电压器、启动器、取样放大器、频率补偿器、短路保护器、振荡器、比较器、逻辑控制器、过温保护器、过流保护器、上管驱动器、功率开关上管、过零比较器、下管驱动器、功率开关下管和5个管脚;这5个管脚对应的管脚号为T1、T2、T3、T4、T5。
2.如权利要求1所述集成电路,其特征还在于具有5个管脚,管脚号T1是该集成电路的接地端管脚;管脚号T2是该集成电路的反馈信号输入端管脚;管脚号T3是该集成电路的功率输出端管脚;管脚号T4是该集成电路内部的逻辑控制器的外接钳位电容端管脚;管脚号T5是该集成电路的电源输入端管脚。
CN202010438907.1A 2020-05-22 2020-05-22 一颗高压降压型同步整流模式的开关电源变换集成电路 Pending CN111464031A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20200728