CN111463812A - 一种高压储能及快速放电装置 - Google Patents

一种高压储能及快速放电装置 Download PDF

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CN111463812A
CN111463812A CN202010289376.4A CN202010289376A CN111463812A CN 111463812 A CN111463812 A CN 111463812A CN 202010289376 A CN202010289376 A CN 202010289376A CN 111463812 A CN111463812 A CN 111463812A
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energy storage
converter
voltage energy
voltage
boost
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张扬
高添
夏文涛
冯绍家
王潇
刘静
杨小品
章金胜
彭之翰
姚伦南
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Nanchang Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022Synchronous motors
    • H02P25/024Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种高压储能及快速放电装置,包括PMSM和变频器换流链,所述变频器换流链有六个,六个变频器换流链的一端连接充电开关,另一端连接PMSM,所述换流链由多组基本单元组成,每组基本单元包括依次连接的移向隔离变压器、充电模块、超级电容、BOOST电路和放电模块,本发明通过在超级电容的两端接了二极管;由于超级电容放电过程中,电压很容易下降,因此需要BOOST电路进行稳压。根据上述结构,能够使高压下存储的能量快速释放,从而控制永磁同步电机的变频运行。

Description

一种高压储能及快速放电装置
技术领域
本发明涉及高压储能技术领域,具体是一种高压储能及快速放电装置。
背景技术
随着高性能永磁材料的问世和控制技术的发展,以及低碳经济的到来和国家节能减排政策的实施永磁同步电机的应用将会在国民经济的各个领域得到广泛的运用。所以设计一种快速稳定变频永磁同步发电机的装置尤为迫切。另一方面,永磁同步电动机采用永磁体生成磁场,无需励磁线圈,也无需励磁电流,与常规的异步电动机相比,具有效率高,结构简单的特点,在工业生产中发挥着重要的角色。
高压变频换流链是由基本单元并联而成,一个基本单元包含充电模块,超级电容和放电模块。
每相换流链采用多组模块化设计的换流链并联而成,与单独并联开关器件相比模块化设计的并联对开关器件同步要求低,降低了由于开关器件不同步造成环流现象的概率。
三相交流电测增加充电开关,充电时开关闭合,通过限流方式充电,H桥的脉冲闭锁,充电完成后,断开开关,解锁H桥,快速放电,达到快速稳定控制电机的设计。
目前尚没有专利或论文详细描述采用该模块化设计充电开关器件同步易控,放电快速稳定的六相变频调速的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高压储能及快速放电装置,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种高压储能及快速放电装置,包括PMSM和变频器换流链,所述变频器换流链有六个,六个变频器换流链的一端连接充电开关,另一端连接PMSM,所述换流链由多组基本单元组成,每组基本单元包括依次连接的移向隔离变压器、充电模块、超级电容、BOOST电路和放电模块。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述超级电容两端构加二极管,用于防止充电电流反向。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述充电模块由不控桥和BUCK斩波电路构成。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述放电模块由H桥构成。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述不控桥用于整流隔离变压器端输入的三相交流电,并联在整流输出端的电容用于稳压。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述BUCK斩波电路用于限流充电。
作为本发明的进一步技术方案:所述BOOST斩波电路为带泄放电阻和双向能量流动的斩波电路。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过在超级电容的两端接了二极管;由于超级电容放电过程中,电压很容易下降,因此需要BOOST电路进行稳压。根据上述结构,能够使高压下存储的能量快速释放,从而控制永磁同步电机的变频运行。
附图说明
图1为六相变频器换流链一相的连接模块,
图2为换流链的一个基本单元的结构。
图3为带泄放电阻和双向能量流动的BOOST电路。
图4为总体框图。
图5为整流后经过BUCK电路降压后的直流电压波形。
图6为经BOOST电路升压后的电压波形。
图7为经一个基本单元输出的电压波形。
图8为六相变频器换流链最终输出的波形。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,实施例1:一种高压储能及快速放电装置,包括PMSM和变频器换流链,所述变频器换流链有六个,六个变频器换流链的一端连接充电开关,另一端连接PMSM,所述换流链由多组基本单元组成,每组基本单元包括依次连接的移向隔离变压器、充电模块、超级电容、BOOST电路和放电模块。
进线端为三相交流电,出线端为a1和n1(以A相换流链为例,其他换流链类似)。
图1为变频换流链一相的模块设计,首先电网中10KV的三相交流电在充电开关闭合的时候,经过隔离变压器降压,再经过不控桥整流为1080V的直流电压。
在不控桥的输出端并联一个4000UF的稳压电容,使整流输出的直流电压更稳定。
采用限流方式充电,在稳定电容的后面接BUCK斩波电路用于降低输出的整流电压,降压后的整流电压为850V,为超级电容充电做准备,充电过程中H桥的脉冲闭锁。
在超级电容发两侧接有二极管,为了防止电流反向。
充电完成后,断开充电开关,解锁H桥,超级电容进行快速放电。
由于超级电容放电过程中,电压很容易下降,为了保证放电的稳定性,同时满足参数要求在超级电容后边接一个BOOST斩波电路,使输出电压稳定为1100V与H桥相连。
H桥将1100V直流电压逆变得到1000V变频器所需的交流电压。
BOOST斩波电路采用带泄放电阻和双向能量流动的结构,如图3所示,其可根据控制不同门级开关信号的通断,决定电路的能量流向。
实施例2,基于上述实施例1,各模块参数选择如下:
H桥模块数的计算:
10KV的交流测的相电压有效值值为5773V,对应的峰值为8164V,选择1700V的IGBT,直流的额定电压,即BOOST电路输出的电压为1000V,大约需要9~10个模块。考虑裕量,建议选择10~12个模块。
因此每相每链
N=10~12 (1)
如果一相由4组换流链并联
N=240~288 (2)
如果一相由6组换流链并联
N=360~432 (3)
功率单元的超级电容的容值:
按照100MW/500MJ,并考虑50%的放电裕量,大约150MW。根据公式(2),每个模块的功率约为:
P=0.52~0.625MW (4)
取典型值0.6MW=600000W
按照900V的电压考虑
Figure BDA0002449789600000041
很显然此时容值大于1F,体积会很大。
如果根据公式(3),每个模块的功率约为
P=0.35~0.42MW (6)
此时
Figure BDA0002449789600000042
综合容值等因素,建议每相每组选用6个模块化设计的换流链并联。
BOOST电路中IGBT的参数选择,建议选择1700V/3600A的单管。
隔离变压器的容量按照2MW,50%裕量,36条换流链预计,每个隔离变压器80KW。
稳压电容的选择,该容值要求不高,典型值一般为4000UF左右即可。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (7)

1.一种高压储能及快速放电装置,包括PMSM和变频器换流链,其特征在于,所述变频器换流链有六个,六个变频器换流链的一端连接充电开关,另一端连接PMSM,所述换流链由多组基本单元组成,每组基本单元包括依次连接的移向隔离变压器、充电模块、超级电容、BOOST电路和放电模块。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述超级电容两端构加二极管,用于防止充电电流反向。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述充电模块由不控桥和BUCK斩波电路构成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述放电模块由H桥构成。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述不控桥用于整流隔离变压器端输入的三相交流电,并联在整流输出端的电容用于稳压。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述BUCK斩波电路用于限流充电。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高压储能及快速放电装置,其特征在于,所述BOOST斩波电路为带泄放电阻和双向能量流动的斩波电路。
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