CN111461550A

CN111461550A - Suitability evaluation method for river-substituted habitat protection

Info

Publication number: CN111461550A
Application number: CN202010251158.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林俊强; 谷金钰; 彭期冬; 樊博; 靳甜甜; 张迪; 庄江波; 刘雪飞
Original assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Current assignee: China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
Priority date: 2020-04-01
Filing date: 2020-04-01
Publication date: 2020-07-28

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the suitability of river for replacing habitat protection, belonging to the field of river protection in the environmental protection department. A method for evaluating the suitability of river-substituted habitat protection comprises (1) constructing an index for evaluating the suitability of river-substituted habitat protection; (2) constructing a sub-target layer for evaluating the suitability of river replacement habitat protection; (3) constructing a criterion layer for evaluating the suitability of river substitute habitat protection; (4) and calculating the suitability index A1 to obtain the suitability grade of the river substitute habitat protection. The suitability evaluation method (1) for river alternative habitat protection provides evaluation criteria for branch alternative habitat selection. (2) The quantitative evaluation results of practical problems such as the branch habitat replacement effect, the branch protection condition, the economic rationality of the branch protection and the like can be given. (3) Providing a method for quantitatively calculating the similarity of the stem and branch habitats and species; (4) and the suitability of the alternative habitat is evaluated more comprehensively and systematically.

Description

Suitability evaluation method for river-substituted habitat protection

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for evaluating the suitability of river for replacing habitat protection, belonging to the field of river protection in the environmental protection department.

Background

In recent years, with the development of ecological civilization, the ecological environment protection problem in hydropower development has attracted more and more attention. In river cascade development, particularly when a river basin main flow and branch flows are developed comprehensively, ecological environment compensation measures for aquatic organisms (particularly fishes) such as fish passing facilities, ecological scheduling and artificial propagation and release are restricted by factors such as scientific cognition degree, technical level and management difficulty at the present stage, and it is difficult to fundamentally solve the problem of loss of diversity of aquatic organisms due to habitat destruction and fragmentation (laowen et al, 2013). Therefore, it is necessary to find the optimum development and protection pattern between main streams and branch streams, and at the same time of main stream development, to find or build branch streams similar to the developed river reach habitat, and to protect them in the form of the original habitat.

Overall, the theory and method related to river-based ecological environment protection are still deficient, and many questions and deficiencies still exist in practical work, and the main disadvantages are as follows:

(1) the existing related theoretical method for river habitat protection lacks quantitative comparative analysis between dry branches and branch branches.

(2) The existing related theoretical method for river habitat protection lacks theoretical basis and judgment standard for selecting branch to replace habitat, is difficult to determine which branch is selected to have the best protection effect, is difficult to answer whether the branch habitat can replace the main stream habitat to a certain extent, whether the branch habitat has protection conditions, and is practical problems of reasonable sustainability and the like in economic terms.

(3) Most of the existing related theoretical methods for river habitat protection stay in the feasibility analysis stage, only provide suggestions for primary screening in the aspect of protecting habitat selection, and lack comprehensive preference and suitability evaluation with higher requirements for river alternative habitats from the technical and economic aspects.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art, namely the invention discloses a method for evaluating the suitability of river-alternative habitat protection.

The technical scheme is as follows: a suitability evaluation method for river substitute habitat protection comprises the following steps:

(1) constructing indexes of suitability evaluation of river substitute habitat protection, wherein the indexes comprise hydrological similarity D1, hydrodynamic similarity D2, water environment similarity D3, river terrain and landform similarity D4, native fish species similarity D5, specific fish species similarity D6, important protected fish species similarity D7, longitudinal connectivity D8, transverse connectivity D9, biodiversity D10, hydraulic habitat adaptability index D11, habitat fragmentality index D12, hydroelectric power generation value D13, industrial value D14, aquatic product value D15, irrigation benefit D16, shipping benefit D17, tourism benefit D18, biodiversity value D19, water and soil conservation value D20, conservation water source value D21, purified water quality value D22 and branch non-development loss opportunity cost D23;

(2) constructing a sub-target layer for evaluating the suitability of river replacement habitat protection, wherein the sub-target layer comprises habitat similarity C1, species similarity C2, branch connectivity C3, ecological health C4, main stream development value C5 and branch ecological value C6;

(21) habitat similarity C1

The habitat similarity C1 is calculated by the following formula:

C1＝α₁D1+α₂D2+α₃D3+α₄d4, wherein:

α₁～α₄weight coefficients of D1-D4, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(22) species similarity C2

Species similarity C2 was calculated by the following formula:

C2＝α₅D5+α₆D6+α₇d7, wherein:

α₅～α₇weight coefficients of D5-D7, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(23) tributary connectivity C3

Tributary connectivity C3 is calculated by the following equation:

C3＝α₈D8+α₉d9, wherein:

α₈～α₉weight coefficients of D8-D9, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(24) ecological health C4

Ecological health C4 was calculated by the following formula:

C4＝α₁₀D10+α₁₁D11+α₁₂d12, wherein:

α₁₀～α₁₂weight coefficients of D10-D12, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(25) dry stream development value C5

The dry flow development value C5 is the power generation benefit and is characterized by the hydroelectric power generation value;

(26) ecological value of substream C6

The side stream ecological value C6 was calculated by the following formula:

C6＝D14+D15+D16+D17+D18+D19+D20+D21+D22-D23；

(3) constructing a criterion layer for evaluating the suitability of river substitute habitat protection, wherein the criterion layer comprises substitute suitability B1, protection suitability B2 and economic suitability B3;

(31) alternative suitability B1

The alternative suitability B1 is calculated by the formula:

B1＝β₁C1+β₂c2, wherein:

β₁、β₂weight coefficients of C1 and C2, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(32) suitability for protection B2

The protective suitability B2 was calculated by the following formula:

B2＝β₃C3+β₄c4, wherein

β₃、β₄Weight coefficients of C3 and C4, which are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

(33) economic suitability B3

The economic suitability B3 is calculated by the following formula:

wherein:

1 is proper, 0 is not proper;

(4) calculating the suitability index A1 to obtain the suitability grade of the river for replacing the habitat protection

The suitability index a1 is calculated by the following formula:

A1＝γ₁B1+γ₂B2+γ₃b3, wherein:

γ₁、γ₂、γ₃the weight coefficients of the three indexes of B1, B2 and B3 are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

when A1 is more than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1, the suitability level is highly suitable, the population structure similarity of the dry and branch species is high, the similarity of the habitat conditions is high, the connectivity of the dry and branch is strong, the branches are ecological and healthy, the living habitation quality is high, the number is large, and the ecological value of the branches is high;

when A1 is more than 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.8, the suitability level is proper, the population structure and the habitat condition of the dry and branch flow species are basically similar, the connectivity of the dry and branch flows is strong, the branch flow ecological system is degraded to a certain extent, but the number of the living habitats is large, and the ecological value of the branch flows is high;

when A1 is more than 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.6, the suitability level is generally suitable, the similarity of the population structure of the dry branch and the habitat conditions is general, the connectivity of the dry branch and the tributary is general, the tributary ecosystem is degraded to a certain extent, the number of the biological habitats is moderate, and the tributary ecological value is moderate;

when A1 is more than 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.4, the suitability level is barely suitable, the population structure and the habitat condition of the dry branch and branch are generally similar, the connectivity of the dry branch and branch is poor, the branch ecological system is degraded to a large extent, the number of living habitats is small, and the ecological value of the branch is low;

when A1 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, the suitability level is not suitable, the population structure of the species of the main and branch streams is basically dissimilar to the environmental condition, the connectivity of the main and branch streams is poor, the ecological system of the branch streams is seriously degraded, the number of the biological habitats is very small or disappears, and the ecological value of the branch streams is low.

Further, the hydrological similarity D1 is comprehensively evaluated by selecting the daily flux process E1, the number of rising water times in the egg-laying period E2, the number of rising water days in the egg-laying period E3, the duration of rising water in the egg-laying period E4, the daily water level process E5, and the daily water temperature process E6, and the calculation formula is as follows:

D1＝λ₁E1+λ₂E2+λ₃E3+λ₄E4+λ₅E5+λ₆E6

in the formula, λ₁～λ₆The weight coefficients of E1-E6 are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, minimum-two multiplication, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process.

Furthermore, in the subordinate class E indexes in the hydrological similarity D1, the number of rising water times in the egg-laying period E2, the number of rising water days in the egg-laying period E3, and the duration of rising water in the egg-laying period E4 belong to constant type semblance, which means that the characteristic attribute of the similar elements between systems changes less obviously or slowly with time, and can be regarded as a constant amount in a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

let element a in System A_iAnd element B in System B_jFor corresponding similar elementsForming the kth semblance element, blurring the semblance q (u)_k) The method can be characterized by the weighting and the characterization of the characteristic value proportion of the similar elements, and the specific calculation formulas of the characteristic value proportion and the similar elements are as follows:

in the formula, y_l(a_i)、y_l(b_j) Respectively is a standardized element a_iAnd element b_jThe characteristic value of the ith feature of (1); r is_l(a_i/b_j) Is an element a_iAnd element b_jIs abbreviated as r_lIn order to make the eigenvalue proportion and the value range of the similar element in [0,1]]In between, it is specified that the smaller value of the characteristic value is a numerator, the larger value is a denominator,

in the formula, q (u)_k) Is the value of the kth semblance element, 0 ≦ q (u)_k)≤1；d_lFor the weight of each feature, d is 0. ltoreq._l≤1，

Further, of subordinate E-level indexes in the hydrologic similarity D1, the daily flow process E1, the daily water level process E5, and the daily water temperature process E6 belong to time-type semblance elements, which are semblance elements in which the characteristic attribute of the inter-system semblance element changes significantly with time, wherein:

converting the similarity degree of the similar elements into the membership degree in fuzzy mathematics, wherein the value range of the similar elements can be represented as [0,1] by using a region, 0 represents dissimilarity, 1 represents identity, the range between 0 and 1 represents the similarity degree, and the closer the value of the similar elements is to 1, the higher the similarity degree is;

the calculation of the time-type semblance includes:

an element feature attribute with a time series can be represented in a piecewise linear manner, which generally takes the form:

Y＝{(y₁,y₂,t₂),…,(y_i-1,y_i,t_i),…,(y_n-1,y_n,t_n)}

in the formula, y_i-1,y_i(i-2, …, n) are respectively the starting value and the end value of the i-1 th straight line; t is t_iThe time represented as the end of the i-1 th segment of the straight line; n represents the number of segments of the time series Y;

the trend of the time series is represented by a slope, i.e. the time series Y can be represented as a set of line segments with a certain slope, and therefore, the set of slopes defining the time series is shown as follows:

Y＝{(k₁,t₂),…,(k_i-1,t_i),…,(k_n-1,t_n)}

in the formula, k_i-1＝(y_i-y_i-1)/(t_i-t_i-1) The slope of the i-1 th segment of straight line; t is t_iIs the end time of the i-1 th straight line;

since the slope has a range of [ - ∞, + ∞ ], belonging to an unbounded function, the similarity of time series expressed based on the slope distance is difficult to measure, and therefore, the time series can be expressed as a slope angle:

Y＝{(α₁,t₂),…,(α_i-1,t_i),…,(α_n-1,t_n)}

in the formula, α_i-1＝arctan(k_i-1) Is the slope angle of the i-1 th segment line, α_i-1∈[-π/2,π/2]；

In general, after linear segmentation, the time corresponding to each end point of two time series is not completely consistent, and the length of each corresponding straight line is not the same, so before similarity analysis of the time series, the time of a slope angle set needs to be equally divided, and two time series Y' are { (α)₁′,t₃),(α₂′,t₄),(α₃′,t₆)}， Y″＝{(α₁″,t₂),(α₂″,t₅),(α₃″,t₆) After the time peer-to-peer subdivision is carried out, two time sequences can be rewritten as follows:

Y′＝{(α₁′,t₂),(α₁′,t₃),(α₂′,t₄),(α₃′,t₅),(α₃′,t₆)}

Y″＝{(α₁″,t₂),(α₂″,t₃),(α₂″,t₄),(α₂″,t₅),(α₃″,t₆)}

if the element characteristic curves of the two time series have the same change trend but a phase difference exists between the curves, the two time series are still considered to be similar; however, the conventional similarity calculation method only calculates the similarity value and determines the degree of similarity by comparing the similarity of the feature values of the two time sequences at each same time, but the similarity result calculated by the conventional method cannot identify the dislocation similarity rules hidden in the two time sequences, so that it is necessary to search for the similarity between the two time sequences and calculate the similarity value thereof, so as to find the most similar segment and the translation time therein;

two time sequences Y 'and Y' which are processed by time and are represented by a slope angle set are subjected to time peer-to-peer processing, the similarity element values of the two sequences are respectively calculated through gradual translation of the two sequences in time, and then the section with the highest similarity and the corresponding translation time are searched, namely:

it is assumed that the sequences Y' and Y ″ have an equal time interval Δ t ═ t_i-t_i-1If Y' is shifted by | j | time intervals (j is positive to the right and negative to the left), then the curve segments of the two sequences overlapped in time are reduced to n-1- | j | segments;

when j >0, the overlap can be expressed as:

Y′＝{(α_1+j′,t_2+j),…,(α_i-1′,t_i),…,(α_n-1′,t_n)}，Y″＝{(α₁″,t₂),…,(α_i-1-j″,t_i-j),…,(α_n-1-j″,t_n-j)}

when j <0, the overlap can be represented as:

Y′＝{(α₁′,t₂),…,(α_i-1-|j|′,t_i-|j|),…,(α_n-1-|j|′,t_n-|j|)}，Y″＝{(α_1+|j|″,t₂),…,(α_i-1″,t_i),…,(α_n-1″,t_n)}

after translation, the values of the semblance elements of the two time series can be calculated by:

and (3) setting a translation threshold value to be more than or equal to 0 and the upper limit of the translation threshold value not to exceed 1/4 of the whole time sequence, fixing the sequence Y ', translating the sequence Y', calculating the similar element value through gradual translation in the range of | j | ≦ and searching the time section when the similar element value reaches the maximum, namely the most similar section, and recording the corresponding translation time and the maximum similar element value.

And during similarity search calculation, a translation threshold determination method and a key element priority search method are adopted, and if not, the search result cannot well represent the similarity of the comparison sequence.

The translation threshold value determining method comprises the following steps: the translation threshold determines the range of similarity search, if the translation threshold is too large, the number of overlapped curve segments is too small, the similarity of a few curve segments is not enough to represent the similarity of two time series curves, if the translation threshold is too small, the search range is too small, and the maximum similarity element value and the corresponding most similar section are not necessarily covered in the search range. Therefore, a reasonable translation threshold will directly affect the search results. In general, the upper limit of the translation threshold value should not exceed 1/4 of the whole time series, i.e. the overlapped curve series should not be lower than 3/4 of the whole series, and the specific translation threshold value needs to be drawn up according to the actual situation.

The key element priority searching method comprises the following steps: in the process of similarity analysis and similarity search, if more than two time type similar elements exist between two systems, the similar element values of other elements in the corresponding similar interval and translation time are calculated and determined according to the most similar interval and translation time of the key elements according to the key element priority search method. For example, when analyzing the similarity of fish habitats of two river systems, the temperature is a key element among elements such as temperature, flow and water level, similarity search should be preferentially performed on the temperature time series, a similarity interval and translation time corresponding to the maximum similarity value are found, and the similarity values of other elements are calculated in the time interval.

Further, the hydrodynamic similarity D2 was evaluated comprehensively as the similarity of the average flow velocity E7, the average flow velocity gradient E8, the average water depth E9, the average water surface width E10, the average froude number E11, the average reynolds number E12, the average vorticity E13, and the average kinetic energy gradient E14, and it was calculated by the following formula:

D2＝λ₇E7+λ₈E8+λ₉E9+λ₁₀E10+λ₁₁E11+λ₁₂E12+λ₁₃E13+λ₁₄E14

in the formula, λ₇～λ₁₄The weight coefficients of E7-E14 are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, minimum-two multiplication, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process.

Further, in the subordinate class E indexes in the hydrodynamic similarity D2, the average flow rate E7, the average flow rate gradient E8, the average water depth E9, the average water surface width E10, the average froude number E11, the average reynolds number E12, the average vorticity E13, and the average kinetic energy gradient E14 belong to constant similarity elements, where the constant similarity elements refer to that the characteristic properties of the similar elements between systems change less obviously or slowly with time, and can be regarded as constant quantities over a longer period of time, where:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

let element a in System A_iAnd element B in System B_jForming a kth similarity element for the corresponding similarity elements, and blurring the size q (u) of the similarity element_k) The method can be characterized by the weighting and the characterization of the characteristic value proportion of the similar elements, and the specific calculation formulas of the characteristic value proportion and the similar elements are as follows:

Further, the similarity of the water environment D3 is determined by the dissolved oxygen DO content E15, the pH value E16, the phosphorus nutrient salt index E17 and the ammonia nitrogen NH₃-N nutritive salt index E18, COD_MnThe similarity of E19 and lead content E20 was evaluated comprehensively and calculated using the following formula:

D3＝λ₁₅E15+λ₁₆E16+λ₁₇E17+λ₁₈E18+λ₁₉E19+λ₂₀E20

in the formula, λ₁₅～λ₂₀The weight coefficients of E15-E20 are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, least squares, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process.

Furthermore, in the subordinate E-level indexes of the water environment similarity D3, the dissolved oxygen DO content E15, the pH value E16, the phosphorus nutrient salt index E17 and the ammonia nitrogen NH₃-N nutritive salt index 18, COD_MnE19, the lead content E20 belongs to constant type similar elements, the constant type similar elements refer to that the characteristic attribute of the similar elements between systems changes less obviously or slowly with timeA constant amount over a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

Further, the similarity of the topography of the river D4 is comprehensively evaluated by a meandering degree E21, a river bed gradient E22, a U/V/W section type ratio E23 and a shoal-deep pool density E24, and the similarity of the topography of the dry and branch rivers is calculated according to the following formula:

D4＝λ₂₁E21+λ₂₂E22+λ₂₃E23+λ₂₄E24

in the formula, λ₂₁～λ₂₄Are the respective weight coefficients of E21-E24 according to the conventional ruleThe method comprises the steps of analytic hierarchy process, minimum two-multiplication, entropy weight method, expert scoring method and average weight method determination.

Furthermore, among the subordinate grade E indexes of the river topographic and geomorphic similarity D4, the meandering degree E21, the riverbed gradient E22, the U/V/W section type ratio E23, and the shoal-puddle density E24 belong to constant similarity elements, which means that the characteristic attribute of the similar elements between systems changes less obviously or slowly with time and can be regarded as a constant quantity in a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

Further, the species similarity D5 of the native fishes means the ratio of the number of species distributed in the tributary to the native fishes distributed in the main stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula, E5_{Dry flow}The number of indigenous fish species distributed in the main stream;

E5_{branch flow}The species number of the native fishes distributed in the main stream and the species number of the native fishes distributed in the subsidiary stream are also distributed.

Further, the characteristic fish species similarity D6 is a ratio of the number of species distributed in the main stream to the number of species distributed in the subsidiary stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,

E6_{dry flow}The number of the unique fish species distributed in the main flow;

E6_{branch flow}The number of species distributed in the substreams for the characteristic fish distributed in the main stream.

Further, the similarity D7 of the important protected fish species is the ratio of the number of the types of the main protected fish distributed in the main stream and the number of the types of the main protected fish distributed in the branch stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula, E7_{Dry flow}Protecting the number of fish species for distribution emphasis in the main stream;

E7_{branch flow}The emphasis on distribution in the main stream protects the number of species in the substream to which the fish are also distributed.

Further, the longitudinal connectivity D8 is expressed by a ratio of the kilometers of the water areas in which the river is longitudinally connected to the total kilometers of all the water areas in the longitudinal direction, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

wherein C L is the kilometer number of the water area where the river is longitudinally communicated;

t L is the total kilometers of all waters in the longitudinal direction of the river.

Further, the transverse connectivity D9 is represented by the ratio of the kilometer number of the natural river bank or the ecological material revetment (non-hard revetment bank) of the river to the total kilometer number of the river bank, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, N L is the kilometer number of the natural river bank or ecological material bank protection of the river;

r L is the total kilometers of river bank.

Further, the biodiversity D10 represents the biodiversity of the river ecosystem by the diversity of fish species, and the specific calculation adopts Shannon-Wiener index method, and the calculation formula is as follows:

p_i＝N_i/N

in the formula, p_iIs the relative abundance of the ith species, N is the number of samples, N_iThe number of species i is the sum of the numbers of all species in the community.

Further, the hydraulic habitat adaptability index D11 reflects the health of the river ecosystem, and the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, a_iTo calculate the area of cell i, m²；

HSI_iTo calculate the habitat suitability index for unit i,

weighting the available area of the fish habitat;

and N is the number of calculation units.

Further, the habitat disruptivity index D12 is a measure of the quality of a fish habitat from the effective habitat area, and the habitat disruptivity index D12 is calculated using the following formula:

wherein D12 is the habitat disruptivity index, D12 is not less than 0 and not more than 1, the smaller D12 is, the more disrupted the habitat suitable for fish to live in, the poorer the habitat quality is, the larger D12 is, the better the connectivity of the habitat suitable for fish to live in and the better the habitat quality is.

Has the advantages that: the suitability evaluation method for river alternative habitat protection disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method for evaluating the suitability of river substitute habitat protection, which is established by the invention, provides effective and comprehensive evaluation criteria and theoretical basis for selecting the lower-branch substitute habitat under the influence of development of the main stream hydropower.

(2) The suitability evaluation index system and the corresponding method for river flow alternative habitat protection are constructed in the aspects of alternative suitability, protection suitability and economic suitability, quantitative evaluation results of actual problems such as branch habitat alternative effect, branch protection conditions and economic rationality of branch habitat protection can be given, and scientific opinions are provided for river management and planning decisions.

(3) The invention provides a method for quantitatively calculating the similarity of the habitat and the species of a trunk and a branch;

(4) the invention can further perform more comprehensive and systematic suitability evaluation on the alternative habitats from the technical and economic aspects on the basis of a plurality of river flow (branch) alternative habitats preliminarily screened in other feasibility evaluation stages, and provides comprehensive preferential results.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of time-series time-of-day peering;

fig. 2a and 2b are schematic diagrams of similarity search.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

a suitability evaluation method for river substitute habitat protection comprises the following steps:

(21) habitat similarity C1

The habitat similarity C1 is calculated by the following formula:

C1＝α₁D1+α₂D2+α₃D3+α₄d4, wherein:

(22) species similarity C2

Species similarity C2 was calculated by the following formula:

C2＝α₅D5+α₆D6+α₇d7, wherein:

α₅～α₇is a weight coefficient of D5-D7, whichDetermining according to conventional analytic hierarchy process, least square method, entropy weight method, expert scoring method, and average weight method;

(23) tributary connectivity C3

Tributary connectivity C3 is calculated by the following equation:

C3＝α₈D8+α₉d9, wherein:

(24) ecological health C4

Ecological health C4 was calculated by the following formula:

C4＝α₁₀D10+α₁₁D11+α₁₂d12, wherein:

(25) dry stream development value C5

(26) ecological value of substream C6

The side stream ecological value C6 was calculated by the following formula:

C6＝D14+D15+D16+D17+D18+D19+D20+D21+D22-D23；

(31) alternative suitability B1

The alternative suitability B1 is calculated by the formula:

B1＝β₁C1+β₂c2, wherein:

(32) suitability for protection B2

The protective suitability B2 was calculated by the following formula:

B2＝β₃C3+β₄c4, wherein

(33) economic suitability B3

The economic suitability B3 is calculated by the following formula:

wherein:

1 is proper, 0 is not proper;

The suitability index a1 is calculated by the following formula:

A1＝γ₁B1+γ₂B2+γ₃b3, wherein:

when A1 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, the suitability level is not suitable, the population structure of the species of the main and branch streams is basically dissimilar to the environmental condition, the connectivity of the main and branch streams is poor, the ecological system of the branch streams is seriously degraded, the number of the biological habitats is very small or disappears, and the ecological value of the branch streams is low. The suitability evaluation index system is shown in the following table:

TABLE 1 suitability evaluation index System

D1＝λ₁E1+λ₂E2+λ₃E3+λ₄E4+λ₅E5+λ₆E6

in the formula, λ₁～λ₆The weight coefficients are respectively E1-E6, and are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a minimum-two multiplication method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

E1-E6 are the similarity values of D1.

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

Further, of subordinate E-level indexes in the hydrological similarity D1, the selected daily flow process E1, the daily water level process E5, and the daily water temperature process E6 belong to time-type similarity elements, which are similarity elements in which the characteristic attribute of the similarity element varies significantly with time between systems, wherein:

the calculation of the time-type semblance includes:

Y＝{(y₁,y₂,t₂),…,(y_i-1,y_i,t_i),…,(y_n-1,y_n,t_n)}

Y＝{(k₁,t₂),…,(k_i-1,t_i),…,(k_n-1,t_n)}

Y＝{(α₁,t₂),…,(α_i-1,t_i),…,(α_n-1,t_n)}

In general, after linear segmentation, the time corresponding to each end point of two time series is not completely consistent, and the length of each corresponding straight line is not the same, so before similarity analysis of the time series, the time of a slope angle set needs to be equally divided, and two time series Y' are { (α)₁′,t₃),(α₂′,t₄),(α₃′,t₆)}， Y″＝{(α₁″,t₂),(α₂″,t₅),(α₃″,t₆) As shown in fig. 1, after the time is split equally, the two time sequences can be rewritten as follows:

two time series Y' and Y ″ represented by slope angle sets after time-wise peer-to-peer processing are respectively calculated by stepwise shifting the two series in time, and then the section with the highest similarity and the corresponding shifting time are searched (the schematic diagram of the searching method is shown in fig. 2a and 2 b), that is:

when j >0, the overlap can be expressed as:

when j <0, the overlap can be represented as:

and (3) setting a translation threshold value to be more than or equal to 0 and the upper limit of the translation threshold value not to exceed 1/4 of the whole time sequence, fixing the sequence Y ', translating the sequence Y' within the range of | j | ≦ to calculate the similar element value through gradual translation, searching the time section when the similar element value reaches the maximum to be the most similar section, and recording the corresponding translation time and the maximum similar element value.

The key element priority searching method comprises the following steps: in the process of similarity analysis and similarity search, if more than two time-type similar elements exist between two systems, the values of the similar elements of other elements in the corresponding similar intervals and translation time are calculated and determined according to the key element priority search method and the most similar intervals and translation time of the key elements. For example, when analyzing the similarity of fish habitats of two river systems, the temperature is a key element in the elements such as temperature, flow and water level, the similarity search should be preferentially performed on the temperature time series, the similarity interval and the translation time corresponding to the maximum similarity element value are found, and the similarity element values of other elements are calculated in the time section.

in the formula, λ₇～λ₁₄The weight coefficients are respectively E7-E14, and are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a minimum-two multiplication method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

E7-E14 are the similarity values of hydrodynamic similarity D2.

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

let element a in System A_iAnd element B in System B_jIs corresponding toSimilar elements, constituting the kth similar element, blurring the size q (u) of the similar element_k) The method can be characterized by the weighting and the characterization of the characteristic value proportion of the similar elements, and the specific calculation formulas of the characteristic value proportion and the similar elements are as follows:

D3＝λ₁₅E15+λ₁₆E16+λ₁₇E17+λ₁₈E18+λ₁₉E19+λ₂₀E20

in the formula, λ₁₅～λ₂₀The weight coefficients are respectively E15-E20, and are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a minimum-two multiplication method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

E15-E20 are the similarity values of the water environment similarity D3.

Furthermore, in the subordinate E-level indexes of the water environment similarity D3, the dissolved oxygen DO content E15, the pH value E16, the phosphorus nutrient salt index E17 and the ammonia nitrogen NH₃-N nutritive salt index E18, COD_MnE19, the lead content E20 belongs to a constant type similar element, the constant type similar element means that the characteristic attribute of the similar element between systems changes less obviously or slowly along with the time, and can be regarded as a constant quantity in a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

D4＝λ₂₁E21+λ₂₂E22+λ₂₃E23+λ₂₄E24

in the formula, λ₂₁～λ₂₄The weight coefficients are respectively E21-E24, and are determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a minimum-two multiplication method, an entropy weight method, an expert scoring method and an average weight method;

E21-E24 are the similarity element values of the river landform similarity D4.

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

in the formula, E6_{Dry flow}The number of the unique fish species distributed in the main flow;

r L is the total kilometers of river bank.

The river biodiversity index D10 was assigned based on the calculation of the Shannon-Wiener index H. Regarding the height of the species diversity of fishes in the river ecosystem, no specific grading standard exists at present, and the invention divides the species diversity into the following 5 grades according to the sequence from high to low according to the related research results of the river fish diversity in China, as shown in the following table.

TABLE 2 biodiversity index ranking

in the formula, a_iTo calculate the area of cell i, m²；

HSI_iTo calculate the habitat suitability index for unit i,

weighting the available area of the fish habitat;

and N is the number of calculation units.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples of the Jinsha river downstream (main stream) and the Chishu river (branch stream).

The suitability evaluation method for river alternative habitat protection comprises the following steps:

(1) and collecting relevant basic data information of the downstream (main stream) of the Jinsha river and the red water river (branch stream) according to the suitability evaluation index system, such as hydrology, water environment, topography and landform of the river, the number of fish species, economic data and the like. According to the collected basic data information, selecting hydrological similarity D1, water environment similarity D3 and river topographic similarity D4 as characterization indexes of habitat similarity C1, selecting native fish species similarity D5, specific fish species similarity D6 and fish species similarity D7 with emphasis on protection as characterization indexes of species similarity C2, selecting longitudinal connectivity D8 as characterization indexes of tributary connectivity C3, selecting biodiversity D10 as characterization indexes of ecological health C4, selecting hydroelectric power generation value D13 as characterization indexes of main stream development value C5, and selecting aquatic product value D14, aquatic product value D15, shipping value D17, tourist income D18 and hydropower tributary undeveloped tributary loss opportunity cost D23 as characterization indexes of ecological value C6.

(2) According to an index system, index scores (D1-D23) of an index layer are calculated firstly, index scores (C1-C6) of sub-index layers are calculated, index scores (B1-B3) of a criterion layer are calculated, and finally target layer index scores (A1) are calculated in a gathering mode, wherein the specific calculation of each index is as follows:

hydrologic similarity D1

According to the collection situation of hydrological basic data, 6 indexes of a daily flow process (E1), a water rising frequency in a spawning period (E2), a water rising day number in the spawning period (E3), a water rising duration in the spawning period (E4), a daily water level process (E5) and a daily water temperature process (E6) are selected to reflect the hydrological similarity of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the Chishui river. And (3) applying the method for calculating the habitat similarity, and for the constant-type similar elements, applying the following formula to calculate the similar element value.

For the time-type semblance, the following formula is applied to search the most similar interval and the corresponding semblance value.

The calculation results show that the daily flow process similarity factor value E1 is 0.729, the spawning period water rise time similarity factor value E2 is 0.664, the spawning period water rise day similarity factor value E3 is 0.088, the spawning period water rise duration similarity factor value E4 is 0.395, the daily water level process similarity factor value E5 is 0.687, and the daily water temperature process similarity factor value E6 is 0.833. The index value of the hydrological similarity D1 was calculated as follows:

D1＝λ₁E1+λ₂E2+λ₃E3+λ₄E4+λ₅E5+λ₆E6

＝0.308×0.729+0.099×0.664+0.125×0.088+0.170×0.395+0.069×0.687+0.229×0.833

＝0.607

in the formula, λ₁～λ₆The weight coefficient (2) is calculated by constructing an element importance comparison matrix according to a nine-scale method.

Water environment similarity D3

According to the collection condition of the monitoring data of the water environment, the dissolved oxygen DO content (E9), the pH value (E10), the phosphorus P (E11) and the ammonia nitrogen NH are selected in the embodiment³-N(E12)、COD_Mn(E13) And 6 indexes of lead Pb (E14) reflect the similarity of the water environment of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red river. The similarity element values of the indexes E15-E20 are calculated by applying the method for calculating the habitat similarity and the following formulas.

The calculation results are that the DO content similarity value E15 is 0.963, the pH similarity value E16 is 0.992, the phosphorus P similarity value E17 is 0.542, and the ammonia nitrogen NH³Phase of-N0.522 for analogous value E18, COD_MnThe similarity value of E19 is 0.445, and the similarity value of lead Pb E20 is 0.621. The index value of the hydrological similarity D3 was calculated as follows:

D3＝λ₁₅E15+λ₁₆E16+λ₁₇E17+λ₁₈E18+λ₁₉E19+λ₂₀E20

＝0.391×0.963+0.310×0.992+0.033×0.542+0.134×0.522+0.054×0.445+0.078×0.621

＝0.849

in the formula, λ₁₅～λ₂₀The weight coefficient (2) is calculated by constructing an element importance comparison matrix according to a nine-scale method.

River landform similarity D4

According to the collection situation of the river topographic data, the embodiment selects 3 indexes of the sinuosity (E21), the riverbed ratio drop (E22) and the U/V/W section type proportion (E23) to reflect the river topographic similarity of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red water river. The similarity element values of the indexes E21-E23 are calculated by applying the method for calculating the habitat similarity and the following formulas.

The calculation results were that the similarity element value E21 of the meandering degree was 0.759, the similarity element value E22 of the riverbed gradient was 0.712, and the similarity element value E23 of the U/V/W section type ratio was 0.728. The index value of the hydrological similarity D4 was calculated as follows:

D4＝λ₂₁E21+λ₂₂E22+λ₂₃E23+λ₂₄E24

＝0.547×0.759+0.109×0.712+0.344×0.728

＝0.743

in the formula, λ₂₁～λ₂₄The weight coefficient (2) is calculated by constructing an element importance comparison matrix according to a nine-scale method.

Habitat similarity C1

The habitat similarity calculation result of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red water river is as follows:

C1＝α₁D1+α₃D3+α₄D4＝0.537×0.607+0.099×0.849+0.364×0.743＝0.680

in the formula, α₁、α₃、α₄The weight coefficient (c) is calculated by constructing an element importance comparison matrix according to a nine-scale method.

Species similarity of native fish D5

According to the statistical data of a plurality of units such as the aquatic organism research institute of the Chinese academy of sciences, the water engineering ecological research institute and the animal research institute of the Chinese academy of sciences in 2006 + 2013, 66 types of 89 native fishes distributed at the downstream of the Jinshajiang river are distributed in the red water river. From the scientific level of fish composition, all families distributed downstream of Jinshajiang are distributed in red water rivers, sturgeons, Acipenseridae, Anguillidae, Aromatidae, Cochinidae, bass, snakehead and medaka which are distributed in red water rivers are not distributed downstream of Jinshajiang, and carpidae is taken as a main group in both river segments. The calculated score of the species similarity index D5 for the indigenous fishes in the red river and the golden river was 0.742.

Species similarity of characteristic fish species D6

According to the investigation statistics of 2006 + 2013, among the native fishes distributed in the downstream of the Jinshajiang river, there are 42 kinds of special fishes belonging to the upstream of the Changjiang river, and the special fishes include 17 kinds of fishes belonging to the Xichang white fish, the Hunan white fish, the short buttock white fish, the naked xenopus saxatilis, the long body , the protodace, the schizothorax gracilis, the black spot Yunnan loach, the Kunming plateau loach, the anterior fin plateau, the Sichuan creeper loach, the Misgurnus anguillicaudati, the Changfennei flat loach, the middle buttock pseudo baggins, the Kimbasminum xanthani, the Kimba sinensis and the Kimba preprimitsu, and the other 25 kinds of fishes are distributed in the Chiense river. The calculated score of the fish similarity index D6 of the red river and the golden river is 0.595.

Species similarity for emphasis on protection of fish D7

According to the research statistics of 2006 plus 2013, 13 species of fish which belong to key protection fishes in the specific fish class of the upper reaches of the Yangtze river distributed in the lower reaches of the Jinshajiang river include kou copaiyu, rhinogobio ventralis, xenopus gymnasicus, pneumatophorus parvier, Sichuan white turtle, schizothorax parvier, schizothorax parvum, Lepidogrypus minor, Schizothorax parvier, Procypris rufii, Gastriga parvier and Proglutoglanism maculatum. Among the unique fishes distributed in the red water river upstream of the Yangtze river, 13 kinds of fishes which belong to key protection fishes comprise white sturgeons, acipenser dabryanus, myxocyprinus asiaticus, round-mouth coppers, rhinogobio ventralis, percocypriss nobilis, Sichuan white turtles, schizothorax brevifiliformis, small-scale schizothorax brevifiliformis, Sichuan schizothorax brevifiliformis, Procypris nitida and Changylus anguillicaudatus. Key protection objects commonly distributed in two river sections comprise 10 species of round-mouth coppers, rhinogobio ventralis, percocypris, Sichuan white turtles, schizothorax brevifiliformis, schizothorax parvifiliformis, minor scale schizothorax parvifiliformis, Sichuan schizothorax parviformis, Procypris carpi and Changyishi, and the similarity index is 0.769.

Species similarity C2

The specific calculation result of the species similarity between the downstream of Jinshajiang and the red water river is as follows:

C2＝α₅D5+α₆D6+α₇D7＝0.333×0.742+0.333×0.595+0.333×0.769＝0.702

in the formula, α₅、α₆、α₇The weight coefficient (c) is calculated by an average weight method.

Longitudinal connectivity D8

The red river is the only one main branch of the main stream without building a river dam, the kilometer number C L of the water areas of the river which are longitudinally communicated is the same as the total kilometer number T L of all the water areas longitudinally, and therefore the longitudinal connectivity index D8 is 1.

Tributary connectivity C3

Due to the lack of the red river lateral connectivity data, tributary connectivity C3 is characterized by only longitudinal connectivity D8, so C3 ═ D8 ═ 1.

Biodiversity D10

In the embodiment, the biodiversity analysis of the red water river is carried out according to the result of continuously monitoring the fish community structures of the source, the upstream, the midstream and the downstream river of the red water river in the spring and autumn fishing season of 2006-2013 of the institute of aquatic organisms of Chinese academy of sciences. The Shannon-Wiener indexes of the source, the upstream, the midstream and the downstream river segments of the red river are calculated by applying the following formula.

p_i＝N_i/N

The Shannon-Wiener index H values of the river head, the upstream, the midstream and the downstream river reach are calculated to be 2.51 on average, the biodiversity index D10 is assigned according to the table 2, and the D10 score is 0.501.

Ecological health C4

Because the flow field data of the red water river is deficient, indexes such as available habitat area and habitat fragmentality index for weighting are difficult to calculate, and the biodiversity D10 of the fish in the red water river is used to characterize the ecological health of the red water river, so that C4 is D10 is 0.501.

Hydroelectric value D13

The hydroelectric generation value of the Jinshajiang river main stream can be expressed by the product of the electricity price and the generated energy. The power stations of the family dam and the stream Luo Du serve as a group of power sources to uniformly check the power price of the Internet, and the average power price of the Internet is 0.3482 yuan/kWh (tax). In the embodiment, 0.3482 (yuan/kWh) is taken as the annual average online electricity price of the Jinsha river main flow cascade hydropower station, the designed total installed capacity of 38500MW of Wudongde, Baihe beach, Xiluodi and four cascade hydropower stations facing a family dam is 1753.6 hundred million kWh in average annual energy production, and the annual total electricity generation value of the Jinsha river main flow is estimated to be 610.60 yuan, namely the hydroelectric value of the Jinsha river main flow is D13 to 610.60 yuan.

Industrial value D14

The brewing industry in the red water river area is developed, and the proportion of the red water in the red water river area accounts for a large industrial output value. The region has two marketing companies of Maotai and Chitian and a plurality of white spirit production enterprises, and is an important special light industrial food base and chemical industry base in the whole province. The maotai, tan wine, learning wine, lang wine, Dong wine, Huai wine, Luzhou Laojiao and other 10 kinds of beautiful wine at all ages account for 60% of famous Chinese wine, and the direct practitioners in the white spirit industry exceed 4 million people. And as of 2015, according to the requirements of 'clustering, intensification and branding', the stream basin continues to play the brand driving effect of the Maotai-concentrated dragon head enterprise, so that the construction of the parks such as the Renmayan liquor industrial park, the Maotai-circulating economic park, the water-learning liquor industrial park, the Chishui liquor industrial park and the jar factory modern economic service park is accelerated, the liquor capacity is improved, the share of the Maotai-flavor liquor sales volume in the national liquor market is improved to 5%, the total yield value of the liquor and the matched industry reaches 700 million yuan, namely the Chishui-river industrial value D14 is 700 million yuan.

Aquatic product value D15

The red river has been in natural communication with the Yangtze river, and thus becomes an important habitat or spawning ground for aquatic organisms such as representative fishes (particularly, stream fishes) upstream of the Yangtze river, and becomes an important aquatic organism gene bank. Of the 112 fish species recorded in the watershed, 29 species (Huang Zhen Li, 2003) are specific species in the upstream of the Yangtze river, accounting for 25.9% of the total number of fish species in the watershed. Of these, 15 species are those peculiar to the watershed or our country, such as the common tassel (Sinocrosocheilus labatus). In addition, after the three gorges reservoir is built to store water, about 40 kinds of stream fishes threatened by hydrologic condition change can also find their habitat or spawning ground in the red river. According to statistics and analysis of 3 river sections of fisheries in thatch town, red water city and Hejiang county, broad-fin decoration (Zacco platypus), Chinese barbed fish (Spinibarbus sinensis), glossy yellow catfish (Pell. teobagrus nitidus), Zhang (Hemichertchangii) and snake gorgeous (Sauroglobio dabryi) are main economic fishes in the red water river basin. According to yearly identification statistics, the fishery income in 2014 of the red water river basin is about 5996 yuan, namely the product value D15 of the red water river is 5996 yuan and 0.5996 yuan.

Shipping value D17

The Chishui river history is an important water channel for the transportation of a large amount of cargos between Chuan and Qian, the shipping is promised, the Qing Dynasty is named as Huaihe, the Qing Dynasty is called a Huaihe river after the Qing Qianlong age, the small-sized wooden ship can ascend to the Tiger in Jinsha county in sections, after the country is built, a han beach station is established through twice large-scale improvement, a 120t wheel and a 4 × 150t tug boat fleet can be navigated all the year round below the Chishui city, red water can be navigated to 10-25t wheels in the town of the Erlang, the Erlang town to the Maotai city can be navigated in season for 10t wheels, below the Baiyang city can be navigated for a long time and can be navigated in season for 5-165t wheels, according to 2009, the Chishui river basin freight transportation volume is about 277.5 ten thousand, the freight turnover volume is about 86798 ten thousand passengers, the delivery volume is about 97 thousand people, and the turnover volume is about 841 thousand.

From 2014, the red water river basin further promotes channel improvement and improves navigation conditions, a series of projects such as red water river (thatch-Hejiang), red water river wharf construction and channel upgrading modification, learning water river channel development, Cheng-thatch channel dredging project, Tungtang-county tung catalpine upstream (Qin river, Tianmen river, guancheng river and Nanxi river reach) 10 kilometers of river channels are developed, channel improvement is 78km, five-level channels reach 81km, six-level channels reach 249km, annual cargo transportation volume reaches 400 ten thousand tons, and unit cargo transportation market price is 0.06 million yuan/t km., and red water river transportation value is D17 249 × 400-400 × 0.06.06 million yuan/t 5976 million yuan.

Travel income D18

In the transition zone from Guizhou plateau to Sichuan basin in the red river, the landform is peculiar, Baichuan rivalry and numerous in species, the natural and human landscape is rich, the red river is a famous tourist attraction and has a plurality of national natural protection areas and scenic famous scenic spots. Wherein the red water danxia is successfully listed in the natural heritage list in the world. With the continuous improvement of the infrastructure and the matching conditions in the drainage basin, the scale of the tourism industry is continuously increased, and the tourism industry is gradually becoming one of the important industries in the drainage basin. The Renhuai city receives 61.26 ten thousand persons in 2008, and the Chishui city receives 175.66 ten thousand persons in 2010. Beginning in 2014, basins of Huanren, red water and Xishui three cities (counties) are used as supports, tourism development requirements of forming lines by connecting points and forming planes around characteristic resources are met, scenic spots of fine tourist scenic spots are promoted and built, composite tourism types such as ecological sightseeing, cultural exploration, leisure vacation, health maintenance and the like are developed rapidly, and upgraded rural tourism of the red water along the bank and the Renhong expressway along the four-in-the-countryside is promoted and promoted, and construction of tourism service facilities is strengthened. In conclusion, the value of the tourism industry in the drainage basin reaches 300 million yuan by 2015, namely, the tourism income D18 of the Chishui river is 300 million yuan.

Opportunity cost of undeveloped loss of branch hydropower D23

The developable capacity of the main flow hydropower resources of the red river is 74.4 thousands KW, which is equivalent to the capacity (70 thousands KW) of one unit of the three gorges hydropower station (Huangzhen, 2003). The average utilization time of national hydropower equipment at the end of 2014 is 3653 hours, wherein the average utilization time of the national hydropower equipment in Guizhou province is 3494 hours (the union of China electric power enterprises, 2015), and the available electric quantity of the red-water river main stream hydropower resource development is 26 hundred million KWh each year. The average price of the power on the internet in Guizhou province is about 0.296 yuan/kWh (tax). The total power generation value of the red river in dry flow is estimated to be 7.696 hundred million yuan, namely the cost loss of the red river in the opportunity of generating water and electricity D23 is 7.696 hundred million yuan.

Ecological value of substream C6

The ecological value of the red river (branch) is calculated by applying the following formula, and the calculation result is as follows:

C6＝D14+D15+D17+D18+D19-D23

700+0.5976+0.5996+ 300-7.696-993.5012 hundred million yuan.

Alternative suitability B1

The substitute suitability of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red river is calculated by the following formula, and the calculation result is

B1＝β₁C1+β₂C2＝0.5×0.680+0.5×0.702＝0.691

In the formula, β₁、β₂The weight coefficient of (2) is calculated by an average weight method.

Suitability for protection B2

The protection suitability of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red river is calculated by the following formula, and the calculation result is

B2＝β₃C3+β₄C4＝0.4×1+0.6×0.501＝0.701

In the formula, β₃、β₄The weight coefficient (2) is calculated by constructing an element importance comparison matrix according to a nine-scale method.

Economic suitability B3

The economic suitability of the downstream of the Jinshajiang river and the red river is calculated by the following formula, and the calculation result is

Then B3 becomes 1

Suitability index A1

The suitability index of the Chishui river (branch) as the downstream (main stream) of the Jinshajiang river for habitat protection can be calculated by applying the following formula, and the calculation result is as follows:

A1＝γ₁B1+γ₂B2+γ₃B3＝0.333×0.691+0.333×0.701+0.333×1＝0.797

(3) according to the score of the feasibility index A1 of river instead of habitat protection, the suitability index grade corresponding to the A1 value interval is compared, and therefore the suitability of the red water river as the Jinshajiang river downstream river instead of habitat protection belongs to the "suitable" grade.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the suitability of river substitute habitat protection is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) constructing indexes of suitability evaluation of river substitute habitat protection, wherein the indexes comprise hydrological similarity D1, hydrodynamic similarity D2, water environment similarity D3, river terrain and landform similarity D4, native fish species similarity D5, specific fish species similarity D6, important protected fish species similarity D7, longitudinal connectivity D8, transverse connectivity D9, biodiversity D10, hydraulic habitat adaptability index D11, habitat fragmentality index D12, hydroelectric power generation value D13, industrial value D14, aquatic product value D15, irrigation benefit D16, shipping benefit D17, tourism benefit D18, biodiversity value D19, water and soil conservation value D20, conservation water source value D21, purified water quality value D22 and hydropower tributary undeveloped loss opportunity cost D23;

(21) habitat similarity C1

The habitat similarity C1 is calculated by the following formula:

C1＝α₁D1+α₂D2+α₃D3+α₄d4, wherein:

(22) species similarity C2

Species similarity C2 was calculated by the following formula:

C2＝α₅D5+α₆D6+α₇d7, wherein:

(23) tributary connectivity C3

Tributary connectivity C3 is calculated by the following equation:

C3＝α₈D8+α₉d9, wherein:

(24) ecological health C4

Ecological health C4 was calculated by the following formula:

C4＝α₁₀D10+α₁₁D11+α₁₂d12, wherein:

(25) dry stream development value C5

(26) ecological value of substream C6

The side stream ecological value C6 was calculated by the following formula:

C6＝D14+D15+D16+D17+D18+D19+D20+D21+D22-D23；

(31) alternative suitability B1

The alternative suitability B1 is calculated by the formula:

B1＝β₁C1+β₂c2, wherein:

(32) suitability for protection B2

The protective suitability B2 was calculated by the following formula:

B2＝β₃C3+β₄c4, wherein

(33) economic suitability B3

The economic suitability B3 is calculated by the following formula:

wherein:

1 is proper, 0 is not proper;

The suitability index a1 is calculated by the following formula:

A1＝γ₁B1+γ₂B2+γ₃b3, wherein:

when A1 is more than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1, the suitability level is highly suitable, the population structure similarity of the dry and branch species is high, the similarity of the habitat conditions is high, the connectivity of the dry and branch is strong, the branches are ecological and healthy, the quality and the quantity of the biological habitats are high, and the ecological value of the branches is high;

when A1 is more than 0.6 and less than or equal to 0.8, the suitability level is proper, the population structure and the habitat condition of the dry and branch flow species are basically similar, the connectivity of the dry and branch flows is strong, the branch flow ecological system is degraded to a certain extent, but the number of the biological habitats is large, and the ecological value of the branch flows is high;

when A1 is more than 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.4, the suitability level is barely suitable, the population structure and the habitat condition of the dry and branch flow species are generally similar, the connectivity of the dry and branch flows is poor, the branch flow ecological system is degraded to a large extent, the number of biological habitats is small, and the ecological value of the branch flows is low;

when A1 is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.2, the suitability level is not suitable, the population structure of the species of the main and branch streams is basically dissimilar to the habitat condition, the connectivity of the main and branch streams is poor, the ecological system of the branch streams is seriously degraded, the number of the biological habitats is very small or disappears, and the ecological value of the branch streams is low.

2. The method for evaluating the suitability of river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrologic similarity D1 is comprehensively evaluated by selecting a daily flux process E1, a number of times of rising water in a spawning period E2, a number of days of rising water in a spawning period E3, a duration of rising water in a spawning period E4, a daily water level process E5, and a daily water temperature process E6, and the calculation formula is as follows:

D1＝λ₁E1+λ₂E2+λ₃E3+λ₄E4+λ₅E5+λ₆E6

in the formula, λ₁～λ₆The weight coefficients are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, least square process, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process, and are E1-E6.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the number of rising water times in egg-laying period E2, the number of rising water days in egg-laying period E3, and the duration of rising water in egg-laying period E4 in the subordinate class E criteria of the hydrological similarity D1 belong to a constant similarity element, which means that the characteristic properties of the similar elements between systems change less significantly or slowly with time and are considered to be constant for a long period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

4. The suitability evaluation method for river replacement habitat protection according to claim 2, wherein, in subordinate class E indexes in the hydrologic similarity D1, a daily flow rate process E1, a daily water level process E5 and a daily water temperature process E6 belong to time-type similarity elements, and the time-type similarity elements are similarity elements in which characteristic attributes of the system-to-system similarity elements change significantly with time, wherein:

converting the similarity degree of the similar elements into membership degree in fuzzy mathematics, wherein the value range of the similar elements can be represented as [0,1], 0 represents dissimilarity, 1 represents identity, the range between 0 and 1 represents the similarity degree, and the closer the value of the similar elements is to 1, the higher the similarity degree is;

the calculation of the time-type semblance includes:

an element feature attribute with a time series can be represented in a piecewise linear manner, which is generally in the form:

Y＝{(y₁,y₂,t₂),…,(y_i-1,y_i,t_i),…,(y_n-1,y_n,t_n)}

Y＝{(k₁,t₂),…,(k_i-1,t_i),…,(k_n-1,t_n)}

Y＝{(α₁,t₂),…,(α_i-1,t_i),…,(α_n-1,t_n)}

In general, after linear segmentation, the time corresponding to each end point of two time series is not completely consistent, and the length of each corresponding straight line is not the same, so before similarity analysis of the time series, the time of a slope angle set needs to be equally divided, and two time series Y' are { (α)₁′,t₃),(α₂′,t₄),(α₃′,t₆)}，Y″＝{(α₁″,t₂),(α₂″,t₅),(α₃″,t₆) After the time peer-to-peer subdivision is carried out, two time sequences can be rewritten as follows:

when j >0, the overlap can be expressed as:

when j <0, the overlap can be represented as:

5. The suitability assessment method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydrodynamic similarity D2 is comprehensively assessed by the similarity of the average flow velocity E7, the average flow velocity gradient E8, the average water depth E9, the average water surface width E10, the average froude number E11, the average reynolds number E12, the average vorticity E13, and the average kinetic energy gradient E14, which are calculated by the following formula:

in the formula, λ₇～λ₁₄The weight coefficients are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, least square process, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process, and are E7-E14.

6. The suitability assessment method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 5, wherein the average flow rate E7, average flow rate gradient E8, average water depth E9, average water surface width E10, average froude number E11, average reynolds number E12, average vorticity E13, and average kinetic energy gradient E14 in the subordinate class E indexes in hydrodynamic similarity D2 belong to constant semblance, which means that the characteristic property of the inter-system similar elements changes less obviously or slowly with time and can be regarded as constant over a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

in system AElement a of_iAnd element B in System B_jForming a kth similarity element for the corresponding similarity elements, and blurring the size q (u) of the similarity element_k) The method can be characterized by the weighting and the characterization of the characteristic value proportion of the similar elements, and the specific calculation formulas of the characteristic value proportion and the similar elements are as follows:

7. The suitability evaluation method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water environment similarity D3 is determined by dissolved oxygen DO content E15, pH value E16, phosphorus nutrient index E17, ammonia nitrogen NH₃-N nutritive salt index E18, COD_MnThe similarity of E19 and lead content E20 was evaluated comprehensively and calculated using the following formula:

D3＝λ₁₅E15+λ₁₆E16+λ₁₇E17+λ₁₈E18+λ₁₉E19+λ₂₀E20

in the formula, λ₁₅～λ₂₀Is E15 to E20And the weight coefficient is determined according to a conventional analytic hierarchy process, a least square process, an entropy weight process, an expert scoring process and an average weight process.

8. The suitability evaluation method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 7, wherein the water environment similarity D3 is evaluated by the following E-level indexes, dissolved oxygen DO content E15, pH value E16, phosphorus nutritive salt index E17, ammonia nitrogen NH₃-N nutritive salt index E18, COD_MnE19, the lead content E20 belongs to constant type similar elements, the constant type similar elements refer to that the characteristic attribute of the similar elements among systems changes less obviously or slowly with time, and can be regarded as constant quantity in a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

9. The suitability evaluation method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the river topography similarity D4 comprehensively evaluates the dry and branch river topography similarity by a meandering degree E21, a riverbed gradient E22, a U/V/W section type ratio E23 and a shoal-deep pool density E24, and the calculation formula is as follows:

D4＝λ₂₁E21+λ₂₂E22+λ₂₃E23+λ₂₄E24

in the formula, λ₂₁～λ₂₄The weight coefficients are determined by conventional analytic hierarchy process, least square process, entropy weight process, expert scoring process and average weight process, and are E21-E24.

10. The suitability assessment method for river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 9, wherein among the subordinate E-level criteria of the river topography similarity D4, the meandering degree E21, the river bed gradient E22, the U/V/W section type ratio E23, and the shoal-deep pool density E24 belong to constant similarity element, which means that the characteristic property of the similar elements between systems changes less obviously or slowly with time, and can be regarded as a constant quantity in a longer period of time, wherein:

the calculation of constant type semblance includes:

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the species similarity D5 of the native fishes is a ratio of species number of the native fishes distributed in the main stream to species number of the native fishes distributed in the subsidiary stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

E5_{branch flow}The species number of the native fishes distributed in the main stream and the species number of the native fishes distributed in the branch stream are also distributed;

the characteristic fish species similarity D6 is the ratio of the number of species distributed in the main stream and the branch stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,

E6_{dry flow}Is driedNumber of unique fish species distributed in the stream;

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the similarity of species D7 of the important protected fishes is a ratio of species number of the main stream distributed important protected fishes distributed in the main stream and the sub-stream, and is calculated by the following formula:

E7_{branch flow}The number of species in the tributary for the important protection of fish distribution in the main stream;

the longitudinal connectivity D8 is expressed by the ratio of the kilometers of the water area longitudinally connected with the river to the total kilometers of all the water areas longitudinally, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

13. The method for evaluating the suitability of river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the transverse connectivity D9 is expressed by a ratio of the kilometer number of a natural river bank or an ecological material revetment (non-hard revetment bank) of the river to the total kilometer number of the river bank, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:

r L is the total kilometers of river bank.

14. The method for evaluating the suitability of river replacement habitat protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biodiversity D10 is characterized by the biodiversity of river ecosystem represented by the diversity of fish species, and the specific calculation is performed by Shannon-Wiener index method, and the calculation formula is as follows:

p_i＝N_i/N

15. The suitability evaluation method for river substitute habitat protection according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic habitat suitability index D11 reflects the health of river ecosystem, and the calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula, a_iTo calculate the area of cell i, m²；

HSI_iTo calculate the habitat suitability index for unit i,

weighting the available area of the fish habitat;

and N is the number of calculation units.