CN111458104B

CN111458104B - Reusable ejection simulation load and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111458104B
Application number: CN202010457053.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭九明; 刘斌; 李遥; 李艳明
Original assignee: Beijing Machinery Equipment Research Institute
Current assignee: Beijing Machinery Equipment Research Institute
Priority date: 2020-05-27
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-27
Also published as: CN111458104A

Abstract

The invention discloses a reusable ejection simulation load and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the ejection simulation load comprises a load main body, an elastic protection layer and a limiting structure, the load main body comprises a solid body and a balancing weight, the balancing weight is arranged and fixed at a preset position on the solid body according to the requirement of the mass center of the simulation load, and the elastic protection layer is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the load main body and is stably positioned on the load main body through the limiting structure; the elastic protection layer is internally provided with a plurality of micropore air gaps, and the elastic protection layer buffers impact force borne by the ejection simulation load when the ejection simulation load is ejected through the micropore air gaps. The invention has the advantages of simple load structure, high engineering production realizability, reduction of development cost and the like, and effectively solves the problems that the traditional launch test simulation load is high in cost and cannot be integrated and reused.

Description

Reusable ejection simulation load and manufacturing method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ejection, and particularly relates to a reusable ejection simulation load and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

For the existing relatively mature ejection technologies, such as gas ejection, high-pressure nitrogen ejection, liquid-gas mixed energy ejection, electromagnetic ejection and other ejection modes, numerous repeated experimental verification works are required before the existing relatively mature ejection technologies are really put into practical application, so that the performance advantages of various ejection technologies can be contrastively analyzed, and then a proper ejection mode is selected according to the actual engineering requirements. For the high-speed ejection technology, experimental verification is more important. Through repeated experiments, experimental data are collected and sorted, problems occurring in the experimental process are analyzed and solved in time, and stability of the transmitting state is guaranteed. And repeated experimental verification means that ejection of analog loads of corresponding magnitude is carried out each time.

The conventional ejection simulation load structure mostly adopts a main body shell structure, and a mass block is placed in the shell; according to the structural form of the actual launching device, the mass center position of the whole simulation load is controlled by adjusting the position of the mass block, so that the requirement of the ejection state is met.

Because the ejection speed is fast, the ejection distance is far, the test site field is hard, and when the traditional simulation load is adopted, the shell load is broken and damaged due to large impact force at the moment that the load falls to the ground, so that repeated use for many times cannot be carried out, and the problems of high test cost, complex control and the like are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an ejection simulation load which has simple structure, low cost and convenient manufacture and can be repeatedly used and a manufacturing method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, a reusable ejection simulation load is provided, including a load main body, an elastic protection layer, and a limiting structure, where the load main body includes a solid body and a counterweight, the counterweight is fixed at a predetermined position on the solid body according to a simulation load centroid requirement, and the elastic protection layer is fixedly arranged on an outer surface of the load main body and is stably positioned on the load main body through the limiting structure; the elastic protection layer is internally provided with a plurality of micropore air gaps, and the elastic protection layer buffers impact force borne by the ejection simulation load in ejection through the micropore air gaps.

Furthermore, the elastic protective layer is fixed on the outer surface of the load main body in a coating mode according to the shape of the load main body, and an annular groove used for buffering impact force is formed in the end face of the elastic protective layer.

Further, the elastic protective layer is arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the load main body in a segmented mode, and the outer surface of the whole load main body is coated by the elastic protective layer arranged in a segmented mode.

Furthermore, the limiting structure comprises two limiting plates, and the two limiting plates are sleeved and fixed on the solid body and position the elastic protective layer between the two limiting plates.

In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a reusable ejection dummy load, comprising the steps of:

1) fixing a balancing weight at a preset position on the solid body according to the requirement of the ejection simulation load mass center; wherein the structure of the ejection simulation load is as described above;

2) fixing a limiting structure on the load main body;

3) the elastic protective layer is fixed on the outer surface of the load main body.

Further, step 1) comprises:

sleeving and welding the hollow balancing weight on a preset position on the solid body;

and carrying out smooth and flat treatment on the welding position of the balancing weight and the solid body.

Further, step 2) comprises:

welding two limiting plates on the solid body;

and carrying out smooth and flat treatment on the welding position of the limiting plate and the solid body.

Further, step 3) comprises:

polishing and cleaning the outer surface of the ejection simulation load;

coating cold-bonding glue on the inner surface of the elastic protective layer and the outer surface of the load main body;

and sleeving the elastic protective layer on the load main body in a segmented manner so as to bond and fix the elastic protective layer on the load main body.

The ejection simulation load is wrapped with the elastic protection layer with the micropore air gap on the load main body, so that impact force between the load and the ground when the load falls to the ground is reduced, the high-speed ejection simulation load is prevented from being broken and damaged at the moment of falling to the ground, the elastic protection layer is stably positioned on the load main body through the limiting structure, the elastic protection layer can be prevented from being separated due to impact, and the repeated use requirements of the ejection simulation load under different emission conditions can be met.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ejection dummy load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a load body in an ejection simulation load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a limiting structure in an ejection simulation load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an elastic protection layer in an ejection simulation load according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elastic armor layer of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing an ejection dummy load according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the reusable ejection dummy load of the present invention comprises a load main body 1, an elastic protection layer 2 and a limiting structure 3, wherein the load main body 1 comprises a solid body 11 and a counterweight 12, the counterweight 12 is fixed at a predetermined position on the solid body 11 according to the requirement of a dummy load mass center, and the elastic protection layer 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the load main body 1 and is stably positioned on the load main body 1 through the limiting structure 3; the elastic protection layer 2 is internally provided with a plurality of micropore air gaps 21, and the elastic protection layer 2 buffers impact force borne by the ejection simulation load in ejection through the micropore air gaps 21.

The elastic protection layer 2 adopted by the embodiment is a polyurethane elastomer, the structure adopts a cylindrical main body structure matched with a simulated load, the microporous polyurethane elastomer is the most main product of a polyurethane elastomer material, the material performance is between that of a common polyurethane elastomer and foamed plastic, and a large number of microporous air gaps 21 are arranged in the whole elastic protection layer 2. The elastic protective layer 2 is equivalent to a spring with multi-airbag damping, a microporous bubble structure is utilized to absorb energy and buffer in the process of landing and impacting a high-speed simulated load, and the material is firstly compacted and compacted under the action of shock waves so as to eliminate pores. The compaction process can be roughly divided into several stages, namely, firstly, the micropore air gap generates elastic deformation to accurately change part of impact energy into elastic potential energy, meanwhile, the air gap is adiabatically compressed and absorbs part of energy, then, the micropore hole wall generates plastic collapse or brittle fracture to convert part of impact energy into plastic potential energy, the adiabatic compression process of the air gap is basically finished, and then, the micropore air gap is gradually compacted until the micropore hole wall is close to a compact material to prevent the simulation load from generating fracture damage due to direct high-speed impact with the ground, so that the internal simulation load main body is protected.

In this embodiment, the simulated load is described by taking a cylindrical structure as an example, and the mutual position distance between the counterweight 12 and the solid body 11 and the overall dimension of the mass block need to be determined according to the requirement of the overall mass center of the simulated load, so as to ensure that the simulated load in the ejection test can meet the requirement of the ejection index. The position of the balancing weight 12 is adjusted according to the requirements of an ejection system structure and other ejection parameters, the elastic protective layer 2 is installed in multiple sections outside the solid body 11 according to the overall dimension of the load main body 1, the elastic protective layer 2 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the load main body 1 in a segmented mode, the elastic protective layer 2 covers the outer surface of the whole load main body 1 in a wrapping mode through multiple sections, the overall dimension of the protective layer can be determined according to the actual production process, and under the condition that the production process meets the requirements, the multiple sections of the elastic protective layer 2 can be made into a whole.

Because the simulated load has an inclination angle when landing in the actual ejection experiment, and does not fall to the ground horizontally or vertically, and the elastic protection layer 2 is mainly attached to the load main body 1 by means of the elasticity of the elastic protection layer 2, the elastic protection layer 2 can incline and fall off due to huge impact force when the simulated load ejected at a high speed lands on the ground, and the accuracy and the stability of the ejection experiment are further influenced, so that the limit structure 3 is additionally arranged on the load main body 1 to clamp and fix the elastic protection layer 2. As shown in fig. 3, the limiting structure 3 in this embodiment includes two limiting plates, and the two limiting plates are sleeved and fixed on the solid body 11 and clamp and position the elastic protection layer 2 between the two limiting plates. Meanwhile, in order to enable the overall appearance of the simulated load to be coordinated and attractive and to have a good streamline shape, the two limiting plates of the embodiment are cylindrical, and the two limiting plates can be correspondingly selected according to the specific simulated load appearance in the later period.

Optionally, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the elastic protection layer 2 is fixed on the outer surface of the load main body 1 according to the shape of the load main body 1, and an annular groove 5 for buffering impact force is provided on the end surface of the elastic protection layer 2. The annular grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the elastic protection layer 2. Under the same condition, compared with a structure without a groove (namely a straight column structure), the polyurethane elastomer protective layer has smaller limit among the structures, can have larger compression stroke, has more gentle compression stroke and more free deformation, forms an arc shape after being compressed, ensures that the protective buffering capacity is more fully utilized, and increases the safety and the reliability of the simulation load.

As shown in fig. 6, the method for manufacturing the reusable ejection simulation load of the present invention comprises the following steps:

step S11: fixing a balancing weight at a preset position on the solid body according to the requirement of the ejection simulation load mass center; the structure of the ejection dummy load is described in detail in the above embodiments, and is not described herein again.

Optionally, step S11 further includes:

and carrying out smooth and flat treatment on the welding position of the balancing weight and the solid body. During welding, attention needs to be paid to continuous, smooth and flat welding seams, the mechanical strength of the welding position is not lower than 60% of the lower limit value of the mechanical strength specified by the selected material standard, the fixing strength of the balancing weight and the solid body is guaranteed, and residues generated during welding of the welding surface are cleaned after welding and fixing.

Step S21: the load main body is provided with a limit structure.

Optionally, step S21 includes:

welding two limiting plates on the solid body;

When the limiting plate and the solid body are welded, the inner surface of the limiting plate is welded with the outer surface of the simulated load main body, and attention needs to be paid here, in order to enable the elastic protective layer to be matched and fastened with the solid body better, the inner diameter size of the elastic protective layer is selected to be consistent with the outer diameter of the solid body, at the moment, if the limiting plate and the load main body are integrally formed, the installation difficulty of the protective layer is increased, so that the limiting plate is independently processed and then fixed with the load main body through a welding process, the welding line is required to be paid attention to continuity, smoothness and flatness during welding, the mechanical strength of a welding position is not lower than 60% of the lower limit value of the mechanical strength specified by the selected material standard, the strength of the limiting plate is ensured, and residues generated during welding of the welding surface are cleaned up after welding and fixing.

Step S31: the elastic protective layer is fixed on the outer surface of the load main body.

Optionally, step S31 includes:

polishing and cleaning the outer surface of the ejection simulation load;

When the elastic protection layer is fixed with the analog load, firstly, the external surface of the analog load is polished and cleaned, the process is similar to 'sand blasting', the external surface of the metal analog load is further roughened to increase the contact area between the metal and the protection layer of the polyurethane elastomer, and further ensure larger cohesive force, and the residues at the polished part are cleaned up after polishing, so that the phenomenon of impurities after coating glue is prevented, the bonding effect of the glue is finally influenced, then the cold-bonding glue is uniformly coated on the internal surface of the protection layer of the polyurethane elastomer and the external surface of the analog load, and the two parts are bonded together, so that the elastic protection layer is tightly bonded with the analog load, and the function of the protection layer of the elastomer is exerted to the maximum extent.

The reusable high-speed ejection simulation load is simple in structure, and the microporous polyurethane elastomer protective layer is bonded and wrapped on the outer side of the traditional simulation load, so that the impact force between the load and the ground when the load falls to the ground is reduced, and the high-speed ejection simulation load is prevented from being broken and damaged at the moment of falling to the ground. In addition, the simulation load manufacturing engineering production of the invention has high realizability, is convenient to manufacture, reduces the development cost, and can carry out different forms of design production on the load protection layer according to the actual ejection test parameters. The simulation load main body adopts a cylindrical main body, but is not limited to the shape, and the structural form of the microporous polyurethane protective layer elastomer protective layer can be changed according to the specific structure of the simulation load.

The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a defined "first" or "second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A reusable ejection simulation load is characterized by comprising a load main body, an elastic protection layer and a limiting structure, wherein the load main body comprises a solid body and a balancing weight, the balancing weight is arranged and fixed at a preset position on the solid body according to the requirement of a simulation load mass center, and the elastic protection layer is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the load main body and is stably positioned on the load main body through the limiting structure; the elastic protection layer is internally provided with a plurality of micropore air gaps, and the elastic protection layer buffers impact force borne by a simulation load during ejection through the micropore air gaps; the elastic protective layer is fixed on the outer surface of the load main body in a covering mode according to the appearance of the load main body, and an annular groove used for buffering impact force is formed in the end face of the elastic protective layer.

2. The reusable ejection simulation load of claim 1, wherein the resilient protective layer is circumferentially segmented along the outer surface of the load body and the resilient protective layer is wrapped around the entire outer surface of the load body by the segmented arrangement.

3. The reusable ejection dummy load according to claim 1, wherein the restraining structure comprises two restraining plates that are fixed around the solid body and position the resilient protective layer between the two restraining plates.

4. A method of manufacturing a reusable ejection dummy load, comprising the steps of:

1) fixing a balancing weight at a preset position on the solid body according to the requirement of the ejection simulation load mass center; wherein the ejection dummy load is the ejection dummy load according to any one of claims 1 to 3;

2) fixing a limiting structure on the load main body;

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein the step 1) includes:

6. The method of manufacturing of claim 4, wherein step 2) comprises:

welding two limiting plates on the solid body;

and carrying out smoothing and flattening treatment on the welding position of the limiting plate and the solid body.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein the step 3) includes:

polishing and cleaning the outer surface of the ejection simulation load;