CN111455147A - Heat treatment method of Cronidur 30 stainless steel part - Google Patents
Heat treatment method of Cronidur 30 stainless steel part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111455147A CN111455147A CN201911255283.3A CN201911255283A CN111455147A CN 111455147 A CN111455147 A CN 111455147A CN 201911255283 A CN201911255283 A CN 201911255283A CN 111455147 A CN111455147 A CN 111455147A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat treatment method of a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part, which comprises the following steps: placing the part into a vacuum furnace for austenitizing; placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out primary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment; placing the part into a resistance furnace for high-temperature tempering, and air-cooling and discharging the part after the high-temperature tempering; performing induction treatment on the surface of the part by adopting electromagnetic heating, and quenching and cooling by using water-based quenching liquid after heating; placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out secondary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment; placing the part in a resistance furnace for low-temperature tempering, and then discharging the part from the furnace in an air cooling mode; and (3) checking that the surface hardness of the final part is HRC 58-60, the core hardness is HRC 40-48, the surface microstructure is martensite, a small amount of retained austenite and uniformly distributed point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is uniformly distributed fine grained pearlite, so that ideal technical indexes are met, and the process steps are simple and efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stainless steel heat treatment process, in particular to a heat treatment method of a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part.
Background
The Cronidur 30 is a martensitic stainless steel with high nitrogen, high toughness and high strength, has excellent corrosion resistance, and has excellent toughness and hardness of 60HRC at most. The metallographic structure is fine and uniform, so that the alloy has extremely high strength, toughness and fatigue resistance. Has excellent processing performance and higher dimensional stability after heat treatment. The material uses nitrogen element to partially replace carbon element, so that the corrosion resistance of the material is far higher than that of the conventional bearing steel, the corrosion resistance is 100 times that of AIS440C, and the service life of the bearing is4 times that of GCr 15. Moreover, the tempering temperature resistance of the Cronidur 30 is as high as 500 ℃, and because the Cronidur 30 with excellent performance is already applied to main shafts, bearings and other mechanical manufacturing products in aerospace, the ideal heat treatment technical indexes of shaft products of the material are as follows: the surface hardness reaches above 58HRC, the core hardness HRC 40-48, the depth of a surface hardening layer is 1-2 mm, and the surface microstructure is fine acicular martensite, a small amount of residual austenite and uniformly distributed punctate carbide nitrides; the core structure is fine grained pearlite which is uniformly distributed. The general heat treatment method is difficult to achieve the indexes, and the forming technology is not available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: providing a heat treatment method of a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part, wherein the surface hardness HRC 58-60 and the core hardness HRC 40-48 of the Cronidur 30 material after heat treatment are achieved; the surface microstructure is martensite, a small amount of retained austenite and uniformly distributed point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is uniformly distributed fine grained pearlite.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method of heat treating a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing parts made of the Cronidur 30 stainless steel material;
s2, austenitizing: placing the part into a vacuum furnace for austenitizing;
s3, primary cryogenic treatment: placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out primary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment;
s4, high-temperature tempering: placing the part into a resistance furnace for high-temperature tempering, and air-cooling and discharging the part after the high-temperature tempering;
s5, surface induction treatment: performing induction treatment on the surface of the part by adopting electromagnetic heating, and quenching and cooling by using water-based quenching liquid after heating;
s6, carrying out secondary cryogenic treatment; placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out secondary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment;
s7, stress relief tempering: placing the part in a resistance furnace for low-temperature tempering, and then discharging the part from the furnace in an air cooling mode;
s8, final inspection: and (5) checking whether the surface hardness, the core hardness, the hardened layer depth and the retained austenite of the final part and the surface and core microstructures of the part meet the technical requirements.
Preferably, the method for austenitizing the part placed in the vacuum furnace in step S2 includes: firstly, preserving heat for 60 minutes at 750-780 ℃ to enable the internal and external temperatures of the part to be consistent; then austenitizing at 1030 +/-10 ℃, wherein the austenitizing time is 30-60 minutes, and a certain amount of nitrogen is introduced while the temperature is increased to ensure that the nitrogen partial pressure is 100-200 mbar; and (3) immediately performing oil quenching after the time is reached, wherein the oil temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, the maximum cooling speed is more than 75 ℃/S, and after the oil quenching, air is cooled and discharged from the furnace.
Preferably, the first cryogenic treatment in step S3 includes: carrying out cryogenic treatment in a cryogenic box with nitrogen as a cooling medium, keeping the temperature at minus 80 +/-5 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, and discharging the product after the cryogenic treatment.
Preferably, the high-temperature tempering method in step S4 is: performing high-temperature tempering in a resistance furnace, keeping the temperature at 580-600 ℃ for 2 hours, and air-cooling and discharging; and (4) keeping the temperature of secondary tempering at 580-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and air-cooling and discharging.
Preferably, the surface sensing processing method in step S5 includes: electromagnetic heating power is 25-28 KW, frequency is 25 kilohertz, heating time is 2.5-3 seconds, and quenching and cooling are carried out by using water-based quenching liquid after heating is completed.
Preferably, the second sub-cooling treatment in step S6 is: carrying out cryogenic treatment in a cryogenic box with nitrogen as a cooling medium, keeping the temperature at minus 80 +/-5 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, and discharging the product after the cryogenic treatment.
Preferably, the stress-relief tempering method in step S7 is: and (3) low-temperature tempering is carried out in a resistance furnace, the heat preservation temperature is 160-170 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the steel is discharged from the furnace through air cooling.
Preferably, the final verification in step S8 includes: the surface hardness of the part is HRC 58-60, and the core hardness is HRC 40-48; the surface microstructure is martensite, a small amount of retained austenite and uniformly distributed point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is uniformly distributed fine grained pearlite.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention relates to a heat treatment method of a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part, which sequentially comprises austenitizing, primary cryogenic treatment, high-temperature tempering, surface induction treatment, secondary cryogenic treatment, stress relief tempering and final inspection, wherein after heat treatment, the surface hardness of the Cronidur 30 stainless steel part is HRC 58-60, the core hardness is HRC 40-48, the surface microstructure is martensite, a small amount of residual austenite and uniformly distributed point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is uniformly distributed fine grained pearlite, so that ideal technical indexes are met, and the process steps are simple and efficient.
Detailed Description
The part subjected to heat treatment in the embodiment is a certain aviation bolt shaft made of a Cronidur 30 material, the outer diameter is phi 30mm, the length is 100mm, the core hardness is 42 +/-3 HRC, the surface hardness is more than or equal to 58HRC, the depth of a surface hardening layer is 1-2 mm, the surface microstructure is martensite, residual austenite and a small amount of point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is fine grained pearlite which is uniformly distributed. The heat treatment steps are as follows:
s1, preparing a certain aviation bolt shaft part made of the Cronidur 30 material;
s2, putting the parts into a vacuum furnace for austenitizing, and firstly, keeping the temperature at 760 ℃ for 60 minutes to make the internal and external temperatures of the parts consistent; then austenitizing is carried out at 1030 ℃, the temperature is kept for 45 minutes, and certain nitrogen is introduced while the temperature is raised so that the nitrogen partial pressure is between 150 mbar. Oil quenching is carried out immediately after the time is reached, the oil temperature is 90 ℃, and the oil quenching is carried out by air cooling and is discharged from the furnace;
s3, carrying out primary subzero treatment, namely carrying out subzero treatment in a subzero cooling box at the temperature of 80 ℃ below zero for 75 minutes, wherein the cooling medium is nitrogen, and discharging the product after the subzero treatment;
s4, high-temperature tempering, namely performing high-temperature tempering in a resistance furnace, keeping the temperature at 590 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and air-cooling and discharging; the secondary tempering heat preservation temperature is 590 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the steel is discharged from the furnace in an air cooling mode;
s5, performing surface induction treatment, wherein the power is 27KW, the frequency is 25 kilohertz, the heating time is 3 seconds, and the water-based quenching liquid is used for quenching and cooling immediately after the heating is finished;
s6, performing secondary subzero treatment, namely performing subzero treatment in a subzero box at the temperature of 80 ℃ below zero for 75 minutes, wherein the cooling medium is nitrogen, and discharging the product after the subzero treatment;
s7, stress relief tempering, low-temperature tempering is carried out in a resistance furnace, the heat preservation temperature is 160 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and air cooling discharging is carried out;
s8, final inspection: the surface hardness of the final part is 59.5HRC, the core hardness is 42.5HRC, the depth of a hardening layer is 1.3mm, the residual austenite is 5%, and the surface and core microstructures of the material meet the technical requirements.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All modifications made according to the spirit of the main technical scheme of the invention are covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for heat treating a Cronidur 30 stainless steel part, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing parts made of the Cronidur 30 stainless steel material;
s2, austenitizing: placing the part into a vacuum furnace for austenitizing;
s3, primary cryogenic treatment: placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out primary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment;
s4, high-temperature tempering: placing the part into a resistance furnace for high-temperature tempering, and air-cooling and discharging the part after the high-temperature tempering;
s5, surface induction treatment: performing induction treatment on the surface of the part by adopting electromagnetic heating, and quenching and cooling by using water-based quenching liquid after heating;
s6, carrying out secondary cryogenic treatment; placing the part into a cryogenic box, carrying out secondary cryogenic treatment by taking nitrogen as a cooling medium, and discharging the part out of the furnace after the cryogenic treatment;
s7, stress relief tempering: placing the part in a resistance furnace for low-temperature tempering, and then discharging the part from the furnace in an air cooling mode;
s8, final inspection: and (5) checking whether the surface hardness, the core hardness, the hardened layer depth and the retained austenite of the final part and the surface and core microstructures of the part meet the technical requirements.
2. The heat treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the method of placing the part into the vacuum furnace for austenitizing in step S2 is: firstly, preserving heat for 60 minutes at 750-780 ℃ to enable the internal and external temperatures of the part to be consistent; then austenitizing at 1030 +/-10 ℃, wherein the austenitizing time is 30-60 minutes, and a certain amount of nitrogen is introduced while the temperature is increased to ensure that the nitrogen partial pressure is 100-200 mbar; and (3) immediately performing oil quenching after the time is reached, wherein the oil temperature is 90 +/-5 ℃, the maximum cooling speed is more than 75 ℃/S, and after the oil quenching, air is cooled and discharged from the furnace.
3. The heat treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the first cryogenic treatment in step S3 is performed by: carrying out cryogenic treatment in a cryogenic box with nitrogen as a cooling medium, keeping the temperature at minus 80 +/-5 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, and discharging the product after the cryogenic treatment.
4. The heat treatment method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the high temperature tempering method in step S4 is: performing high-temperature tempering in a resistance furnace, keeping the temperature at 580-600 ℃ for 2 hours, and air-cooling and discharging; and (4) keeping the temperature of secondary tempering at 580-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, and air-cooling and discharging.
5. The heat treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the surface induction treatment in step S5 is performed by: electromagnetic heating power is 25-28 KW, frequency is 25 kilohertz, heating time is 2.5-3 seconds, and quenching and cooling are carried out by using water-based quenching liquid after heating is completed.
6. The heat treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the second cryogenic treatment in step S6 is performed by: carrying out cryogenic treatment in a cryogenic box with nitrogen as a cooling medium, keeping the temperature at minus 80 +/-5 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, and discharging the product after the cryogenic treatment.
7. The heat treatment method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the stress-relief tempering in step S7 is performed by: and (3) low-temperature tempering is carried out in a resistance furnace, the heat preservation temperature is 160-170 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the steel is discharged from the furnace through air cooling.
8. The heat treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the contents of the final check in step S8 include: the surface hardness of the part is HRC 58-60, and the core hardness is HRC 40-48; the surface microstructure is martensite, a small amount of retained austenite and uniformly distributed point carbide nitrides, and the core structure is uniformly distributed fine grained pearlite.
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| CN201911255283.3A CN111455147A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Heat treatment method of Cronidur 30 stainless steel part |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112680574A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-20 | 钢铁研究总院 | Heat treatment process for high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel |
| CN112708732A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-27 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-frequency induction local tempering heat treatment method for high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel |
| CN113046523A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-29 | 中浙高铁轴承有限公司 | Bolt and screw heat treatment combined process |
| CN113444859A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Double tempering treatment process method for 10Cr13Co13Mo5Ni3W1VE ultrahigh-strength stainless steel product |
| CN115404315A (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2022-11-29 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | 10Cr13Co13Mo5Ni3W1VE ultrahigh-strength steel part heat treatment deformation prevention method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN113046523A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-06-29 | 中浙高铁轴承有限公司 | Bolt and screw heat treatment combined process |
| CN113444859A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-28 | 北京航空航天大学 | Double tempering treatment process method for 10Cr13Co13Mo5Ni3W1VE ultrahigh-strength stainless steel product |
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