CN111453887A - Phosphorus removal device and phosphorus removal method for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Phosphorus removal device and phosphorus removal method for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
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- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
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- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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Abstract
A phosphorus removal device and a phosphorus removal method for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater, which can effectively reduce the scaling of each wastewater delivery pipeline of a chemical phosphorus removal device. A return pipe which can distribute and feed back part of the effluent after being treated by the phosphorus removal device to the wastewater inlet end and then enter the phosphorus removal device for circular reaction to reduce pipeline deposits is arranged between a wastewater inlet pipe of the device and a system outlet pipe, the water inlet end of the return pipe is connected to the system outlet pipe through a three-way valve, the water outlet end of the return pipe is connected to the wastewater inlet pipe through a one-way valve, and a return water lift pump is arranged on the return pipe. The treated effluent can flow back to the head end of the phosphorus removal device and enter the phosphorus removal device again to participate in the treatment process of the wastewater stock solution. The device can solve the problems of high sludge concentration and difficult sedimentation in the sedimentation tank and the problem of blockage in the pipeline caused by enrichment of precipitated crystals in the pipeline. The structure is simple and reasonable, the cost is low, and the maintenance is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater treatment, in particular to a high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater chemical phosphorus removal circulating reflux system.
Background
The phenomenon of water eutrophication becomes a major environmental problem which needs to be solved urgently in China, the main cause is the enrichment of nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus, but compared with nitrogen, the phosphorus content of the water is a more important control factor for inhibiting eutrophication. The existence form of phosphorus is complex and can be divided into inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus, the inorganic phosphorus mainly exists in the form of orthophosphate and hypophosphite, and the phosphorus mainly exists in high-concentration inorganic phosphorus wastewater in industrial production.
The main phosphorus removal technologies at present are as follows: chemical precipitation methods, biological methods, adsorption methods, and membrane treatment methods.
The Chinese patent application (application number: CN201110101379.1) discloses an adsorbing material for treating phosphorus-containing wastewater and an application thereof. The method achieves the aim of removing phosphorus by preparing the phosphorus-accumulating adsorption material to adsorb phosphorus in the water body. Due to the limitation of the performance of the adsorption material, the adsorption method is only suitable for treating low-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater.
The Chinese invention patent application (application number: CN201910313582.1) discloses a membrane treatment method for high-phosphorus wastewater, which sequentially adopts ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis and ion exchange treatment to ensure the normal operation of reverse osmosis and strictly control the total phosphorus of reverse osmosis inlet water to be less than 3 mg/L.
The biological method mainly utilizes the characteristic that microorganisms such as phosphorus accumulating bacteria (PAOs) or denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria (DPAOs) excessively take phosphorus, stores the phosphorus in a polymerized form in the bacteria and then forms high-phosphorus sludge to be discharged out of a wastewater treatment system, so that the transfer of the phosphorus is realized.
The chemical precipitation method comprises the steps of selecting precipitants such as calcium salt, ferric salt and aluminum salt and phosphorus to generate insoluble phosphate precipitate, and then removing the phosphorus from the sewage in a precipitate form through filtration.
Chinese patent application (application No. CN201610476394.7) discloses a phosphorus removal method for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater, wherein the wastewater obtained by adjusting the pH value of high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater with the total phosphorus concentration of 5000-25000 mg/L, calcifying and removing phosphorus is sent into a wastewater reaction tank, a flocculating agent is added after the pH value is adjusted to be alkaline, a solid-liquid mixture is formed, and the supernatant reaches the wastewater standard of biological treatment conditions, but the method has the following defects:
1) in order to achieve a better phosphorus removal effect, the precipitator is often excessively added to promote the forward progress of the precipitation reaction, but other hydroxides can be generated for precipitation, so that the sludge concentration in the precipitation tank is high, the precipitation is not easy to occur, the load of the rear-end sludge press is overloaded, and the continuous operation of the system is limited.
2) When calcium salt is used as a precipitator, calcium hydrogen phosphate (DCPA), octacalcium phosphate (OCP), Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (ACP) and other early-stage substances are generally generated in the calcium phosphate precipitation process, and then are recrystallized to finally form stable polyhydroxy apatite (HAP), the formed stable polyhydroxy apatite (HAP) flocs have small gaps, dense floc structures and poor fluidity, so that a large amount of polyhydroxy apatite crystals are enriched in the reaction tank, the flocculation tank, the inner wall of the sedimentation tank and pipelines, the pipelines are easily blocked, and the system needs to be manually cleaned after the operation is suspended.
In conclusion, the chemical precipitation method is an optimal method for treating high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater, but in engineering application, the continuity of system operation is affected due to the problems that the sludge concentration is high and the pipeline is scaled and blocked because the chemical precipitation method is excessively added, and a chemical phosphorus removal optimization system for the high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater needs to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a phosphorus removal device, a phosphorus removal method and a treatment method for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater, which can effectively reduce the scaling of each wastewater delivery pipeline of a chemical phosphorus removal device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the phosphorus removal device for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater comprises a wastewater inlet pipe connected to a water outlet of a wastewater collection tank and a system water outlet pipe connected to the tail end of the device, and is characterized in that: a return pipe which can shunt and feed part of the effluent after being treated by the phosphorus removal device back to the wastewater inlet end and then enter the phosphorus removal device for circular reaction to reduce pipeline sediments is arranged between the wastewater inlet pipe and the system outlet pipe, the water inlet end of the return pipe is connected to the system outlet pipe through a three-way valve, the water outlet end of the return pipe is connected to the wastewater inlet pipe through a one-way valve, and a return water lift pump is arranged on the return pipe.
A raw liquid lifting pump which can pump the raw wastewater in the wastewater collecting tank into the phosphorus removal device is arranged on the wastewater inlet pipe; an oxidation pond, a sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, a flocculation pond and a sedimentation pond are sequentially connected between a wastewater inlet pipe and a system water outlet pipe, overflow ports are arranged at the upper ends of the water outlet side walls of the oxidation pond, the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, the flocculation pond and the sedimentation pond, the water outlet of the wastewater inlet pipe is connected with the water inlet of the oxidation pond, the overflow port of the oxidation pond is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, the overflow port of the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond is connected with the water inlet of the flocculation pond, the overflow port of the flocculation pond is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation pond, and the overflow port of the sedimentation pond is connected with the system water outlet pipe; the liquid level of the wastewater in the oxidation pond, the sedimentation dephosphorization pond, the flocculation pond and the sedimentation pond is sequentially reduced.
When the treatment capacity of the phosphorus removal device reaches the balance, the ratio of the water quantity of the reflux part to the water inflow of the wastewater stock solution is (1-10): 1.
The water amount of the reflux part is 1/2-9/10 of the total amount of the effluent after the dephosphorization device is used for treating.
The flow rate of the total amount of the effluent is 0.1-5 tons/hour.
The phosphorus removal method of the high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater comprises chemical treatment equipment, and is characterized in that: the chemical treatment equipment is the phosphorus removal device, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
an initial treatment stage:
1) filling a wastewater stock solution with the phosphorus concentration not lower than 20000 mg/L into an oxidation pond in the phosphorus removal device through a wastewater inlet pipe of the phosphorus removal device in a large flow manner, and overflowing to a precipitation phosphorus removal pond after oxidation treatment;
2) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the sedimentation phosphorus removal tank, and overflowing to a flocculation tank after phosphorus removal and sedimentation reaction;
3) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the flocculation tank, and overflowing to the sedimentation tank after sedimentation and flocculation treatment;
4) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the sedimentation tank, performing solid-liquid separation treatment, and then overflowing into a water outlet pipe of the system;
and (3) transition treatment stage:
5) opening a return pipe which is connected between a water outlet pipe of the system and a wastewater inlet pipe and is arranged in a one-way flowing mode, returning part of effluent in the water outlet pipe of the system to the wastewater inlet pipe, and simultaneously reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution to the phosphorus removal device by the flow equal to that of return water;
6) gradually increasing the flow of the return water, and simultaneously gradually reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution;
and (3) a stabilization treatment stage:
7) the ratio of the amount of the return water of the reflux part to the amount of the raw wastewater is adjusted to (1-9): 1.
In the phosphorus removal method of the invention, the oxidation reaction is as follows: and adding an oxidant into the oxidation pond to convert hypophosphite in the wastewater stock solution into orthophosphate.
In the treatment method of the invention, the dephosphorization precipitation reaction is as follows: and adding a metal precipitator into the precipitation dephosphorization tank to enable phosphate radicals to form a large amount of phosphate precipitates.
In the treatment method of the invention, the sedimentation flocculation treatment comprises the following steps: and adding a flocculating agent into the flocculation tank to flocculate and precipitate the phosphate to form a solid-liquid mixed solution.
In the treatment method of the present invention, the solid-liquid separation treatment is: the solid-liquid mixed liquid entering the sedimentation tank is subjected to solid-liquid separation under the action of gravity to form sludge and supernatant liquid which are precipitated at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the sludge is pumped out from a sludge discharge port and is transported out after being concentrated and dried, and the supernatant liquid flows into a water outlet pipe of the system.
The invention arranges a reflux device between the tail end and the head end of the phosphorus and phosphorus removing device, which can reflux part of the treated effluent reaching the standard to the head end of the phosphorus and phosphorus removing device and enter the phosphorus and phosphorus removing device again to participate in the treatment process of the wastewater stock solution. The device can solve the problems of high sludge concentration and difficult sedimentation in the sedimentation tank and the problem of blockage in the pipeline caused by enrichment of precipitated crystals in the pipeline. The structure is simple and reasonable, the cost is low, and the maintenance is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a phosphorus removal device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of the treatment effect of the phosphorus removal device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Phosphorus removal device
As shown in FIG. 1, the phosphorus removal apparatus and method for high concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater of the present invention comprises a wastewater collection tank, an oxidation tank, a precipitation phosphorus removal tank, a flocculation tank and a sedimentation tank for collecting and storing industrial wastewater (hereinafter referred to as wastewater stock solution) containing high concentration phosphorus.
1. The wastewater collecting tank is used for collecting wastewater stock solution containing phosphorus with concentration as high as 20000 mg/L, a water outlet is formed in the wastewater collecting tank, a water inlet pipe of the water outlet is connected to a water inlet of the oxidation pond, and the wastewater stock solution in the wastewater collecting tank is pumped into the oxidation pond through a wastewater inlet pipe by a wastewater lifting pump.
2. Oxidation pool
And adding an oxidant into the oxidation tank to fully mix the oxidant with the wastewater stock solution in the tank to generate an oxidation reaction, wherein in the reaction process, hypophosphite in the wastewater stock solution is converted into orthophosphate.
The upper end of the water outlet side wall of the oxidation pond is provided with an overflow port which is connected with a water inlet of the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond through an overflow pipe, and the wastewater after the oxidation reaction flows into the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond through the overflow port in an overflow mode.
3. Sedimentation dephosphorization pool
And adding a metal precipitator into the precipitation phosphorus removal tank to enable the metal precipitator and the wastewater in the tank to generate phosphorus removal precipitation reaction in an alkaline environment. The metal precipitant comprises one or more of calcium salt, iron salt and aluminum salt such as lime, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, etc. Phosphate radical in the wastewater forms a large amount of phosphate precipitate by dephosphorization precipitation reaction.
The upper end of the water outlet side wall of the sedimentation dephosphorization tank is provided with an overflow port which is connected with the water inlet of the flocculation tank through an overflow pipe, and the wastewater after dephosphorization sedimentation reaction flows into the flocculation tank through the overflow port in an overflow mode.
The amount of acid or alkali is automatically controlled by using a pH automatic controller in the precipitation and phosphorus removal tank, so that the phosphorus removal precipitation reaction is ensured to be carried out under the condition that the pH value is 9-11.
4. Flocculation basin
And adding a flocculating agent such as polyacrylamide into the flocculation tank to perform a precipitation flocculation reaction with the wastewater in the tank, so that phosphate in the wastewater is flocculated and precipitated to form a solid-liquid mixed solution.
The upper end of the water outlet side wall of the flocculation tank is provided with an overflow port, the overflow port is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation tank through an overflow pipe, and the wastewater after the sedimentation flocculation reaction flows into the sedimentation tank through the overflow port in an overflow mode.
5. Sedimentation tank
After the solid-liquid mixed liquid flows into the sedimentation tank, solid-liquid separation is carried out under the action of gravity, the formed phosphate sludge is gradually settled at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, a conical sludge hopper is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, a sludge discharge port is arranged on the sludge hopper, and the sludge is extracted from the sludge discharge port, concentrated, dried and transported outside.
An overflow weir is arranged at the upper part of the water outlet side wall of the sedimentation tank, the overflow weir is provided with an overflow port, and supernatant at the upper part of the sedimentation tank flows into a system water outlet pipe.
The liquid level of the wastewater in the oxidation pond, the sedimentation dephosphorization pond, the flocculation pond and the sedimentation pond is sequentially reduced.
6. Water outlet reflux device
A return pipe is arranged between the wastewater inlet pipe and the system outlet pipe, the water inlet end of the return pipe is connected to the system outlet pipe through a three-way valve, the water outlet end of the return pipe is connected to the wastewater inlet pipe through a one-way valve, and part of the effluent treated by the phosphorus removal device is distributed and supplemented to the wastewater inlet end through a return water lifting pump.
A flow meter is additionally arranged on the three-way valve to control the reflux ratio of the supernatant. The one-way valve can prevent the wastewater stock solution in the wastewater inlet pipe from being directly discharged through the return pipe and the system water outlet pipe.
The structure has the following functions:
1) part of the supernatant flows back to the phosphorus removal device through the wastewater inlet pipe, so that a large amount of incompletely reacted metal salt ions in the supernatant can be fully utilized to continuously participate in the reaction, and meanwhile, a large amount of flocculant and metal hydroxide colloid particles which do not fully exert the activity in the supernatant are utilized to strengthen the coagulation effect of the phosphorus removal system.
2) Part of the returned supernatant liquid enters the oxidation pond and can dilute the phosphorus concentration of the wastewater stock solution, thereby reducing the sludge concentration of the sedimentation pond, relieving the load of the sedimentary sludge and ensuring the normal water discharge of the phosphorus removal device on the premise of not arranging special concentration dilution equipment.
3) The returned partial supernatant can enable the supernatant to form a return impulsive force, effectively relieve the scaling and blockage in the tank wall and the pipeline, and effectively reduce the manual cleaning frequency.
By adopting the device, the flow rate of the total amount of the effluent of the phosphorus removal device can reach 0.1-5 tons/hour.
Second, processing method
The method comprises three stages, namely an initial treatment stage for starting the dephosphorization device, an intermediate transition treatment stage and a stabilization treatment stage for entering normalization.
1. An initial treatment stage:
1) firstly, filling a wastewater stock solution with the phosphorus concentration not lower than 20000 mg/L into an oxidation pond in the phosphorus removal device through a wastewater inlet pipe of the phosphorus removal device in a large flow manner, and overflowing to a precipitation phosphorus removal pond after oxidation treatment.
2) Overflowing and filling the wastewater in the sedimentation phosphorus removal tank, and overflowing to the flocculation tank after phosphorus removal and sedimentation reaction.
3) And overflowing the wastewater filled in the flocculation tank to the sedimentation tank after sedimentation and flocculation treatment.
4) And after the wastewater overflowing and filled in the sedimentation tank is subjected to solid-liquid separation treatment, the supernatant which can reach the standard and be discharged overflows into a water outlet pipe of the system.
2. And (3) transition treatment stage:
5) and opening a return pipe connected between a water outlet pipe and a wastewater inlet pipe of the system, returning part of supernatant in the water outlet pipe of the system to the wastewater inlet pipe, and simultaneously reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution to the phosphorus removal device, wherein the reduced injection amount is equal to the water amount of the returned part of supernatant.
6) Gradually increasing the flow of the backwater, and simultaneously gradually reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution in an equivalent manner;
3. and (3) a stabilization treatment stage:
7) when the treatment capacity of the phosphorus removal device reaches the balance, the ratio of the return water amount of the return part to the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution is adjusted to (1-9):1, and correspondingly, the return water amount of the return part accounts for 1/2-9/10 of the total effluent treated by the phosphorus removal device.
Third, example
The production line of a certain company generates chemical nickel plating waste liquid, the total phosphorus concentration in the waste water is 29810 mg/L, and the phosphorus removal device is applied to carry out phosphorus removal treatment.
Controlling the ratio of the reflux amount of the supernatant liquid of the sedimentation tank to the injection amount of the raw liquid of the wastewater to be 5: 1. The continuous operation is carried out for 17 days, and the sludge concentration in the sedimentation tank is reduced by 87.75 percent on average (see figure 2).
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a phosphorus removal device of phosphorus wastewater of high concentration, is including connecting the waste water inlet tube on the waste water collecting pit delivery port and connecting the system outlet pipe at the device tail end, its characterized in that: a return pipe which can shunt and feed part of the effluent after being treated by the phosphorus removal device back to the wastewater inlet end and then enter the phosphorus removal device for circular reaction to reduce pipeline sediments is arranged between the wastewater inlet pipe and the system outlet pipe, the water inlet end of the return pipe is connected to the system outlet pipe through a three-way valve, the water outlet end of the return pipe is connected to the wastewater inlet pipe through a one-way valve, and a return water lift pump is arranged on the return pipe.
2. The phosphorus removal device for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: a raw liquid lifting pump which can pump the raw wastewater in the wastewater collecting tank into the phosphorus removal device is arranged on the wastewater inlet pipe; an oxidation pond, a sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, a flocculation pond and a sedimentation pond are sequentially connected between a wastewater inlet pipe and a system water outlet pipe, overflow ports are arranged at the upper ends of the water outlet side walls of the oxidation pond, the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, the flocculation pond and the sedimentation pond, the water outlet of the wastewater inlet pipe is connected with the water inlet of the oxidation pond, the overflow port of the oxidation pond is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond, the overflow port of the sedimentation phosphorus removal pond is connected with the water inlet of the flocculation pond, the overflow port of the flocculation pond is connected with the water inlet of the sedimentation pond, and the overflow port of the sedimentation pond is connected with the system water outlet pipe; the liquid level of the wastewater in the oxidation pond, the sedimentation dephosphorization pond, the flocculation pond and the sedimentation pond is sequentially reduced.
3. The phosphorus removal device for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the treatment capacity of the phosphorus removal device reaches the balance, the ratio of the water quantity of the reflux part to the water inflow of the wastewater stock solution is (1-10): 1.
4. The phosphorus removal device for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater according to claim 3, wherein: the water amount of the reflux part is 1/2-9/10 of the total amount of the effluent after the dephosphorization device is used for treating.
5. The phosphorus removal device for high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater according to claim 4, wherein: the flow rate of the total amount of the effluent is 0.1-5 tons/hour.
6. A dephosphorization method of high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater comprises a chemical treatment device, and is characterized in that: the chemical treatment equipment is the phosphorus removal device of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
an initial treatment stage:
1) filling a wastewater stock solution with the phosphorus concentration not lower than 20000 mg/L into an oxidation pond in the phosphorus removal device through a wastewater inlet pipe of the phosphorus removal device in a large flow manner, and overflowing to a precipitation phosphorus removal pond after oxidation treatment;
2) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the sedimentation phosphorus removal tank, and overflowing to a flocculation tank after phosphorus removal and sedimentation reaction;
3) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the flocculation tank, and overflowing to the sedimentation tank after sedimentation and flocculation treatment;
4) overflowing and filling the wastewater in the sedimentation tank, performing solid-liquid separation treatment, and then overflowing into a water outlet pipe of the system;
and (3) transition treatment stage:
5) opening a return pipe which is connected between a water outlet pipe of the system and a wastewater inlet pipe and is arranged in a one-way flowing mode, returning part of effluent in the water outlet pipe of the system to the wastewater inlet pipe, and simultaneously reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution to the phosphorus removal device by the flow equal to that of return water;
6) gradually increasing the flow of the return water, and simultaneously gradually reducing the injection amount of the wastewater stock solution;
and (3) a stabilization treatment stage:
7) the ratio of the amount of the return water of the reflux part to the amount of the raw wastewater is adjusted to (1-9): 1.
7. The method for removing phosphorus from high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the oxidation reaction is as follows: and adding an oxidant into the oxidation pond to convert hypophosphite in the wastewater stock solution into orthophosphate.
8. The method for removing phosphorus from high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the dephosphorization precipitation reaction comprises the following steps: and adding a metal precipitator into the precipitation dephosphorization tank to enable phosphate radicals to form a large amount of phosphate precipitates.
9. The method for removing phosphorus from high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the sedimentation flocculation treatment comprises the following steps: and adding a flocculating agent into the flocculation tank to flocculate and precipitate the phosphate to form a solid-liquid mixed solution.
10. The method for removing phosphorus from high-concentration phosphorus-containing wastewater as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the solid-liquid separation treatment comprises the following steps: the solid-liquid mixed liquid entering the sedimentation tank is subjected to solid-liquid separation under the action of gravity to form sludge and supernatant liquid which are precipitated at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the sludge is pumped out from a sludge discharge port and is transported out after being concentrated and dried, and the supernatant liquid flows into a water outlet pipe of the system.
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