CN111453229B - Underwater oil storage facility and underwater oil storage method - Google Patents
Underwater oil storage facility and underwater oil storage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111453229B CN111453229B CN202010431769.4A CN202010431769A CN111453229B CN 111453229 B CN111453229 B CN 111453229B CN 202010431769 A CN202010431769 A CN 202010431769A CN 111453229 B CN111453229 B CN 111453229B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 274
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D88/00—Large containers
- B65D88/74—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents
- B65D88/744—Large containers having means for heating, cooling, aerating or other conditioning of contents heating or cooling through the walls or internal parts of the container, e.g. circulation of fluid inside the walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/02—Wall construction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
- B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an underwater oil storage facility and an underwater oil storage method, wherein the underwater oil storage facility comprises an oil storage tank body, and the oil storage tank body is provided with a floating body unit; the oil storage tank can float up and down in the semi-submerged sea; the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body sequentially comprises a top air cavity, a middle oil storage cavity and a lower water storage cavity from top to bottom; wherein, a lipophilic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film which can float up and down along with an oil layer is arranged between the top air cavity and the middle oil storage cavity; an oil-water interface is arranged between the middle oil storage cavity and the lower water storage cavity. The advantages are that: (1) The top of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the atmosphere, the lower part of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the natural water body, and crude oil entering and exiting the tank body exchanges volume with the natural water body, so that the loading and unloading of the crude oil are realized. The temperature and pressure of the liquid in the tank are small, the volume of the air cavity at the top of the tank is small and basically kept at a constant value, so that the volatilization loss of crude oil is effectively reduced. (2) The oleophylic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film is closely attached to the upper surface of the oil layer and synchronously changes up and down along with the change of the original oil level in the oil storage tank body, so that the volatilization of crude oil is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil storage facilities, and particularly relates to an underwater oil storage facility and an underwater oil storage method.
Background
Crude oil is typically stored in storage tanks and the storage tanks are placed on land. The crude oil storage method mainly has the following problems: the oil storage tank body is provided with a breather valve communicated with the atmosphere, so that the inner part of the oil storage tank body is ensured not to be overpressurized. However, when the oil storage tank body is communicated with the atmosphere, the volatilization loss of crude oil in the oil storage tank body can be aggravated due to high ground temperature, large day-night temperature difference and the like; in addition, in the crude oil handling operation, the crude oil loss in the tank is also increased, and the energy waste is caused. How to effectively solve the problems is an urgent need to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides an underwater oil storage facility and an underwater oil storage method, which can effectively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The invention provides an underwater oil storage facility, comprising: the oil storage tank comprises an oil storage tank body (1), wherein the oil storage tank body (1) is provided with a floating body unit (2); the bottom of the oil storage tank body (1) is connected with the seabed in a floating way up and down; the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1) sequentially comprises a top air cavity (1A), a middle oil storage cavity (1B) and a lower water storage cavity (1C) from top to bottom; the device comprises a top air cavity (1A) and a middle oil storage cavity (1B), wherein an oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) which can float up and down along with an oil layer is arranged between the top air cavity (1A) and the middle oil storage cavity (1B), and the top air cavity (1A) can be loaded with water to form an oil storage cavity; an oil-water interface (1E) is arranged between the middle oil storage cavity (1B) and the lower water storage cavity (1C);
The lower water storage cavity (1C) is respectively communicated with a lower water inlet pipeline (3) and a lower water outlet pipeline (4); wherein, the lower water inlet pipeline (3) is provided with a lower water inlet valve (3A) and a lower water inlet one-way valve (3B) in turn according to the water inlet direction; the lower water outlet pipeline (4) is sequentially provided with a lower water outlet one-way valve (4B) and a lower water outlet valve (4A) according to the water outlet direction; the top air cavity (1A) is respectively communicated with an upper water inlet pipeline (5) and an upper water outlet pipeline (6); wherein, the upper water inlet pipeline (5) is provided with an upper water inlet valve (5A) and an upper water inlet one-way valve (5B) in turn according to the water inlet direction; the upper water outlet pipeline (6) is sequentially provided with an upper water outlet one-way valve (6B) and an upper water outlet valve (6A) according to the water outlet direction; furthermore, the water outlet end of the lower water outlet line (4) is connected to a water treatment system (11) by a lower drain pump (4C); the water outlet end of the upper water outlet pipeline (6) is connected to a water treatment system (11) through an upper drainage pump (6C);
The oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is arranged at the position of a tank central shaft of the oil storage tank body (1) through a guide mechanism (8), and the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) can be adjusted in an up-and-down way along the tank central shaft; an oil suction port (7A) of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is communicated with the middle oil storage cavity (1B); an oil drain port (7B) of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is positioned outside the oil storage tank body (1);
A tank body ventilating pipeline (9) is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank body (1); one end of the tank body ventilating line (9) is connected with the top air cavity (1A), and the other end of the tank body ventilating line (9) is provided with a tank body ventilating valve (9A).
Preferably, the floating body unit (2) is a plurality of sets of floating bodies; each set of floating body is fixedly sleeved outside the oil storage tank body (1).
Preferably, the floating body is a closed cavity and is provided with a floating body water inlet and outlet pipeline (2A) and a floating body ventilation pipeline (2B); wherein, the floating body water inlet and outlet pipeline (2A) is provided with a floating body water inlet and outlet pump (2C) and a floating body water inlet and outlet valve (2D); the floating body ventilation pipeline (2B) is provided with a floating body ventilation valve (2E).
Preferably, the floating body unit (2) is formed by: the oil storage tank body (1) is a hollow jacket type tank body and is provided with a jacket inner cavity; the jacket inner cavity is provided with a water inlet pipeline, a water outlet pipeline and an exhaust pipeline.
Preferably, the floating body unit (2) is an inflatable floating body and is fixedly connected with the oil storage tank body (1).
Preferably, the bottom of the oil storage tank body (1) is connected with the seabed in a floating manner up and down through an anchor (10) or a horizontal fixing frame.
Preferably, the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is the same pipeline shared by oil inlet and oil outlet; or the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) comprises an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline which are arranged separately.
Preferably, the top end of the oil storage tank body (1) is fixedly provided with an emergency standby floating body.
The invention also provides an underwater oil storage method of the underwater oil storage facility, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, when the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1) is a cavity, opening a lower water inlet valve (3A), closing a lower water outlet valve (4A), an upper water inlet valve (5A) and an upper water outlet valve (6A), and opening a tank ventilation valve (9A); then, the oil storage tank body (1) is submerged, in the process of the submerged operation, natural water outside the tank flows into the oil storage tank body (1) through the lower water inlet pipeline (3), the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, the natural water outside the tank continuously flows into the oil storage tank body (1) along with the natural water outside the tank, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) gradually floats upwards until the inner tank of the oil storage tank body (1) is full of water, and at the moment, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) floats upwards to the top of the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1); simultaneously, in the submerging process of the oil storage tank body (1), the floating body unit (2) is adjusted, and finally the oil storage tank body (1) floats at a proper height of the water body;
Step 2, then, closing a lower water inlet valve (3A); opening an oil inlet valve of an oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7), simultaneously opening a lower water outlet valve (4A), and starting a lower drainage pump (4C); therefore, the lower drainage pump (4C) gradually pumps water in the oil storage tank body (1) from the lower part and pumps the water to the water treatment system (11) so that the water level in the oil storage tank body (1) gradually moves downwards, meanwhile, crude oil to be stored is pumped into the oil storage tank body (1) through the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) and is positioned below the oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D), the lower water outlet valve (4A) and the oil inlet valve are closed when the thickness of the pumped crude oil reaches the requirement, and at the moment, the lower part in the oil storage tank body (1) is a sea water layer due to the difference of sea water and oil density; an oil layer is arranged above the seawater layer, and an oil-water interface is formed between the seawater layer and the oil layer; the surface of the oil layer floats an oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film (1D), and a cavity is arranged above the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film (1D);
Step 3, then, opening a lower water inlet valve (3A), and realizing underwater oil storage through the oil storage tank body (1) when the ambient temperature is normal; in the oil storage process, the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, so that the water in the tank body and the natural water outside the tank are communicated, natural circulation flow can be carried out, constant temperature and constant pressure of the tank body are realized, and volatilization loss of crude oil in the tank body is reduced;
Step 4, when the environment temperature is high and special cooling protection is needed, an upper water inlet valve (5A) is opened, and water is introduced into the upper space of the tank oil layer by a pump, namely: the cooling protective layer is positioned in the upper space of the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) and forms a cooling protective layer for the tank oil layer;
When the environment temperature is recovered to be normal and special cooling protection is not needed, the upper water outlet valve (6A) is opened, the upper water discharge pump (6C) is started, the water body in the upper space of the tank oil layer is pumped out, and the water body is sent to the water treatment system (11) for treatment and discharge.
Preferably, the method further comprises: when severe sea conditions are met, the tank ventilation valve (9A) is closed, buoyancy is adjusted through the floating body unit (2), the whole oil storage tank body (1) is submerged to a safe depth below the sea surface, and meanwhile, the emergency standby floating body is started, so that the whole oil storage tank body (1) is suspended at a proper depth of a natural water body.
The underwater oil storage facility and the underwater oil storage method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) The upper part and the lower part of the oil layer in the oil storage tank body can be communicated with the natural water body, so that the constant temperature and constant pressure effects of the tank body are strong, and the volatilization loss of crude oil is effectively reduced.
(2) The oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen barrier 1D changes in step along with the change of the original oil level in the oil storage tank body, therefore, the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is of a liftable structure, and when in any state, the height of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is adjusted, so that the position of the oil suction port 7A is adjusted, the oil suction port 7A is ensured to be communicated with the original oil in the oil storage tank body, the effect of conveying oil into the tank body or extracting crude oil in the tank body at any time is realized, namely: and the oil storage and the oil discharge are flexible and convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an underwater oil storage facility provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects solved by the invention more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides an underwater oil storage facility which can be placed below the water surface to finish the functions of oil storage and oil loading and unloading. Specifically, the top of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the atmosphere, the lower part of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the natural water body, crude oil entering and exiting the tank body exchanges volume with the natural water body, and loading and unloading of the crude oil are realized. As the temperature of the seawater is generally lower than Liu Dewen ℃ and the temperature difference between day and night is almost not generated, the volatilization loss of crude oil can be greatly reduced. In addition, the temperature and pressure of the liquid in the tank are small, the volume of the air cavity at the top of the tank is small and is basically kept at a constant value, so that the volatilization loss of crude oil is effectively reduced. In addition, the oil storage tank body has the function of adjusting the buoyancy to a safe depth under the severe stormy waves and sea conditions. Therefore, the invention greatly improves the problem of volatilization of crude oil stored in the oil storage tank body, and has the advantages of zero pollution emission, safe use and capability of resisting adverse natural weather influence.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides an underwater oil storage facility comprising: the oil storage tank body 1, the oil storage tank body 1 can be cylindrical or square or other shapes, and the shape of the oil storage tank body 1 is not limited by the invention. The oil storage tank body 1 is provided with a floating body unit 2; the floating body unit 2 is used for floating the oil storage tank 1 on the water surface, and the depth of the oil storage tank 1 floating on the water surface can be adjusted by adjusting and controlling the floating body unit 2. The specific structure of the floating body unit 2 is not limited by the present invention, and for example, one of the following three structures may be adopted: (1) the floating body unit 2 is a plurality of sets of floating bodies; each set of floating bodies is fixedly sleeved outside the oil storage tank body 1. The floating body is a closed cavity and is provided with a floating body water inlet and outlet pipeline 2A and a floating body ventilation pipeline 2B; wherein, the floating body water inlet and outlet pipeline 2A is provided with a floating body water inlet and outlet pump 2C and a floating body water inlet and outlet valve 2D; the float vent line 2B is fitted with a float vent valve 2E. Therefore, the buoyancy can be adjusted by controlling the water quantity filled into the floating body, and the adjustment of the floating height and depth of the oil storage tank body in the natural water body is further realized. (2) the floating body cell 2 is formed by: the oil storage tank body 1 is a hollow jacket type tank body and is provided with a jacket inner cavity; the inner cavity of the jacket is provided with a water inlet pipeline, a water discharge pipeline and an exhaust pipeline. Thus, by controlling the amount of water charged into the jacket cavity, the buoyancy can be adjusted. (3) The floating body unit 2 is an inflatable floating body and is fixedly connected with the oil storage tank body 1. Thus, by controlling the amount of charge into the floating body cell, buoyancy can be adjusted.
The bottom of the oil storage tank body 1 is connected with the seabed in a floating way, namely: the oil storage tank can float up and down in the semi-submerged sea; for example, the bottom of the oil storage tank 1 is connected with the seabed in a floating manner through an anchor 10 or a horizontal fixing frame. By adopting the structure mode, the oil storage tank body 1 can be controlled to float up and down in a narrow movable space.
The inner cavity of the oil storage tank body 1 sequentially comprises a top air cavity 1A, a middle oil storage cavity 1B and a lower water storage cavity 1C from top to bottom; the oil storage system comprises a top air cavity 1A and a middle oil storage cavity 1B, wherein an oleophylic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film 1D which can float up and down along with an oil layer is arranged between the top air cavity 1A and the middle oil storage cavity 1B, and particularly, when the middle oil storage cavity 1B stores crude oil, the surface of the crude oil layer is hermetically covered with the oleophylic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film 1D, and the top air cavity 1A can be loaded with water to form a water storage cavity; therefore, when the liquid level of the crude oil layer changes, the oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen barrier film 1D changes in height synchronously. An oil-water interface 1E is arranged between the middle oil storage cavity 1B and the lower water storage cavity 1C;
The lower water storage cavity 1C is respectively communicated with a lower water inlet pipeline 3 and a lower water outlet pipeline 4; wherein, the lower water inlet pipeline 3 is provided with a lower water inlet valve 3A and a lower water inlet one-way valve 3B in turn according to the water inlet direction; when the lower water inlet valve 3A is opened, the communication between the water in the lower water storage cavity 1C and the natural water outside the tank is realized.
The lower water outlet pipeline 4 is provided with a lower water outlet one-way valve 4B and a lower water outlet valve 4A in turn according to the water outlet direction; the top air cavity 1A is respectively communicated with an upper water inlet pipeline 5 and an upper water outlet pipeline 6; wherein, the upper water inlet pipeline 5 is provided with an upper water inlet valve 5A and an upper water inlet one-way valve 5B in turn according to the water inlet direction; when the upper water inlet valve 5A is opened, the communication between the water in the lower water storage cavity 1C and the natural water outside the tank is realized.
The upper water outlet pipeline 6 is provided with an upper water outlet one-way valve 6B and an upper water outlet valve 6A in sequence according to the water outlet direction; furthermore, the water outlet end of the lower water outlet line 4 is connected to the water treatment system 11 by a lower drain pump 4C; the water outlet end of the upper water outlet pipeline 6 is connected to a water treatment system 11 through an upper drainage pump 6C; after the water treatment system 11 treats the collected water, the water reaches the discharge standard and is discharged.
In the invention, the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is the same pipeline shared by oil inlet and oil outlet; or the oil inlet and outlet line 7 includes an oil inlet line and an oil outlet line which are separately provided. Through the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7, the oil inlet into the tank body or the oil discharge function of pumping out the oil in the tank body is realized.
The oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is arranged at the position of a tank central shaft of the oil storage tank body 1 through a guide mechanism 8, and the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 can be adjusted up and down along the tank central shaft; an oil suction port 7A of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is communicated with the middle oil storage cavity 1B; an oil drain port 7B of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is positioned outside the oil storage tank body 1; when the thickness of the oil layer or the water layer in the tank body changes, the oil suction port 7A of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 is always communicated with the oil layer in the tank body by adjusting the height of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7.
A tank vent pipe 9 is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank 1; one end of the tank ventilation pipeline 9 is connected with the top air cavity 1A, and the tank ventilation valve 9A is arranged at the other end of the tank ventilation pipeline 9. Through setting up jar body breather line 9, during ordinary state, open jar body breather valve 9A, realize the inside UNICOM atmosphere of oil storage tank.
The top end of the oil storage tank body 1 is also fixedly provided with an emergency standby floating body. In practical application, the tank body can be provided with a liquid level meter, a thermometer, a toxic gas alarm and other instruments and meters, so that the monitoring function of the tank body state is realized.
The invention provides an underwater oil storage method, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, when the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body 1 is a cavity body, opening a lower water inlet valve 3A, closing a lower water outlet valve 4A, an upper water inlet valve 5A and an upper water outlet valve 6A, and opening a tank ventilation valve 9A; then, the oil storage tank body 1 is submerged, in the process of the submerged operation, natural water outside the tank flows into the oil storage tank body 1 through the lower water inlet pipeline 3, the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, and along with the continuous inflow of the natural water outside the tank into the oil storage tank body 1, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen barrier film 1D gradually floats up until the inner tank of the oil storage tank body 1 is full of water, at the moment, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen barrier film 1D floats up to the top of the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body 1; simultaneously, in the submerging process of the oil storage tank body 1, the floating body unit 2 is adjusted, and finally the oil storage tank body 1 is vertically floated on a proper height of a water body;
step 2, then, closing the lower water inlet valve 3A; opening an oil inlet valve of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7, simultaneously opening a lower water outlet valve 4A, and starting a lower drainage pump 4C; therefore, the lower drainage pump 4C gradually pumps the water in the oil storage tank 1 from the lower part to the water treatment system 11, so that the water level in the oil storage tank 1 gradually moves downwards, meanwhile, the crude oil to be stored is pumped into the oil storage tank 1 through the oil inlet and outlet pipeline 7 and is positioned below the oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen barrier 1D, and above the water level in the oil storage tank 1, when the pumped crude oil thickness reaches the requirement, the lower water outlet valve 4A and the oil inlet valve are closed, and at the moment, the lower part in the oil storage tank 1 is a sea water layer due to the difference of sea water and oil density; an oil layer is arranged above the seawater layer, and an oil-water interface is formed between the seawater layer and the oil layer; the surface of the oil layer floats an oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film 1D, and a cavity is arranged above the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film 1D;
Step 3, then, opening a lower water inlet valve 3A, and realizing underwater oil storage through the oil storage tank body 1 when the ambient temperature is normal; in the oil storage process, the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, so that the water in the tank body and the natural water outside the tank are communicated, natural circulation flow can be carried out, constant temperature and constant pressure of the tank body are realized, and volatilization loss of crude oil in the tank body is reduced;
Step 4, when the environment temperature is high and special cooling protection is needed, the upper water inlet valve 5A is opened, and water is introduced into the upper space of the tank oil layer by a pump, namely: the cooling protective layer is positioned in the upper space of the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane 1D and forms a cooling protective layer for the tank oil layer;
When the environment temperature is recovered to be normal and special cooling protection is not needed, the upper water outlet valve 6A is opened, the upper drainage pump 6C is started, the water body in the upper space of the tank oil layer is pumped out, and the water body is sent to the water treatment system 11 for treatment and drainage.
Further comprises: when severe sea conditions are met, the tank ventilation valve 9A is closed, buoyancy is regulated through the floating body unit 2, the whole oil storage tank 1 is submerged to a safe depth below the sea surface, and meanwhile, the emergency standby floating body is started, so that the whole oil storage tank 1 is suspended at a proper depth of a natural water body.
The underwater oil storage method provided by the invention has the following characteristics:
(1) The top of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the atmosphere, the lower part of the oil storage tank body is communicated with the natural water body, and crude oil entering and exiting the tank body exchanges volume with the natural water body, so that the loading and unloading of the crude oil are realized. The temperature and pressure of the liquid in the tank are small, the volume of the air cavity at the top of the tank is small and basically kept at a constant value, so that the volatilization loss of crude oil is effectively reduced.
(2) The oleophylic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film is tightly attached to the upper surface of the oil layer and synchronously changes up and down along with the change of the original oil level in the oil storage tank body, and water can be loaded on the oleophylic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film to form a water storage cavity, so that the volatilization of crude oil is further reduced.
(3) The oil suction port is communicated with crude oil in the oil storage tank body, and can move up and down along with the change of the thickness of the oil layer, the optimal oil suction position is adjusted, and the effects of conveying oil into the tank body or extracting crude oil in the tank body at any time are realized, namely: and the oil storage and the oil discharge are flexible and convenient.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which is also intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An underwater oil storage facility, comprising: the oil storage tank comprises an oil storage tank body (1), wherein the oil storage tank body (1) is provided with a floating body unit (2); the bottom of the oil storage tank body (1) is connected with the seabed in a floating way up and down; the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1) sequentially comprises a top air cavity (1A), a middle oil storage cavity (1B) and a lower water storage cavity (1C) from top to bottom; the device comprises a top air cavity (1A) and a middle oil storage cavity (1B), wherein an oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) which can float up and down along with an oil layer is arranged between the top air cavity (1A) and the middle oil storage cavity (1B), and the top air cavity (1A) can be loaded with water to form an oil storage cavity; an oil-water interface (1E) is arranged between the middle oil storage cavity (1B) and the lower water storage cavity (1C);
the lower water storage cavity (1C) is respectively communicated with a lower water inlet pipeline (3) and a lower water outlet pipeline (4); wherein, the lower water inlet pipeline (3) is provided with a lower water inlet valve (3A) and a lower water inlet one-way valve (3B) in turn according to the water inlet direction; the lower water outlet pipeline (4) is sequentially provided with a lower water outlet one-way valve (4B) and a lower water outlet valve (4A) according to the water outlet direction; the top air cavity (1A) is respectively communicated with an upper water inlet pipeline (5) and an upper water outlet pipeline (6); wherein, the upper water inlet pipeline (5) is provided with an upper water inlet valve (5A) and an upper water inlet one-way valve (5B) in turn according to the water inlet direction; the upper water outlet pipeline (6) is sequentially provided with an upper water outlet one-way valve (6B) and an upper water outlet valve (6A) according to the water outlet direction; furthermore, the water outlet end of the lower water outlet line (4) is connected to a water treatment system (11) by a lower drain pump (4C); the water outlet end of the upper water outlet pipeline (6) is connected to a water treatment system (11) through an upper drainage pump (6C);
The oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is arranged at the position of a tank central shaft of the oil storage tank body (1) through a guide mechanism (8), and the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) can be adjusted in an up-and-down way along the tank central shaft; an oil suction port (7A) of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is communicated with the middle oil storage cavity (1B); an oil drain port (7B) of the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) is positioned outside the oil storage tank body (1);
a tank body ventilating pipeline (9) is arranged at the top of the oil storage tank body (1); one end of the tank body ventilating line (9) is connected with the top air cavity (1A), and the other end of the tank body ventilating line (9) is provided with a tank body ventilating valve (9A);
wherein the floating body units (2) are a plurality of sets of floating bodies; each set of floating body is fixedly sleeved outside the oil storage tank body (1);
The floating body unit (2) is formed by: the oil storage tank body (1) is a hollow jacket type tank body and is provided with a jacket inner cavity; the jacket inner cavity is provided with a water inlet pipeline, a water outlet pipeline and an exhaust pipeline.
2. The underwater oil storage facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the float is a closed cavity having a float water inlet and outlet line (2A) and a float vent line (2B); wherein, the floating body water inlet and outlet pipeline (2A) is provided with a floating body water inlet and outlet pump (2C) and a floating body water inlet and outlet valve (2D); the floating body ventilation pipeline (2B) is provided with a floating body ventilation valve (2E).
3. The underwater oil storage facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating body unit (2) is an inflatable floating body fixedly connected with the oil storage tank body (1).
4. The underwater oil storage facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the oil storage tank body (1) is connected with the sea floor in a floating manner up and down through an anchor (10) or a horizontal fixing frame.
5. An underwater oil storage facility as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the oil inlet and outlet pipe (7) is the same pipe line shared by the oil inlet and outlet; or the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) comprises an oil inlet pipeline and an oil outlet pipeline which are arranged separately.
6. The underwater oil storage facility as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the top end of the oil storage tank body (1) is also fixedly provided with an emergency standby floating body.
7. A method of subsea oil storage in a subsea oil storage facility according to any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
step 1, when the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1) is a cavity, opening a lower water inlet valve (3A), closing a lower water outlet valve (4A), an upper water inlet valve (5A) and an upper water outlet valve (6A), and opening a tank ventilation valve (9A); then, the oil storage tank body (1) is submerged, in the process of the submerged operation, natural water outside the tank flows into the oil storage tank body (1) through the lower water inlet pipeline (3), the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, the natural water outside the tank continuously flows into the oil storage tank body (1) along with the natural water outside the tank, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) gradually floats upwards until the inner tank of the oil storage tank body (1) is full of water, and at the moment, the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) floats upwards to the top of the inner cavity of the oil storage tank body (1); simultaneously, in the submerging process of the oil storage tank body (1), the floating body unit (2) is adjusted, and finally the oil storage tank body (1) floats at a proper height of the water body;
Step 2, then, closing a lower water inlet valve (3A); opening an oil inlet valve of an oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7), simultaneously opening a lower water outlet valve (4A), and starting a lower drainage pump (4C); therefore, the lower drainage pump (4C) gradually pumps water in the oil storage tank body (1) from the lower part and pumps the water to the water treatment system (11) so that the water level in the oil storage tank body (1) gradually moves downwards, meanwhile, crude oil to be stored is pumped into the oil storage tank body (1) through the oil inlet and outlet pipeline (7) and is positioned below the oleophilic and hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D), the lower water outlet valve (4A) and the oil inlet valve are closed when the thickness of the pumped crude oil reaches the requirement, and at the moment, the lower part in the oil storage tank body (1) is a sea water layer due to the difference of sea water and oil density; an oil layer is arranged above the seawater layer, and an oil-water interface is formed between the seawater layer and the oil layer; the surface of the oil layer floats an oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film (1D), and a cavity is arranged above the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating film (1D);
Step 3, then, opening a lower water inlet valve (3A), and realizing underwater oil storage through the oil storage tank body (1) when the ambient temperature is normal; in the oil storage process, the water in the tank body is always equal to the natural water outside the tank, so that the water in the tank body and the natural water outside the tank are communicated, natural circulation flow can be carried out, constant temperature and constant pressure of the tank body are realized, and volatilization loss of crude oil in the tank body is reduced;
Step 4, when the environment temperature is high and special cooling protection is needed, an upper water inlet valve (5A) is opened, and water is introduced into the upper space of the tank oil layer by a pump, namely: the cooling protective layer is positioned in the upper space of the oleophilic hydrophobic oxygen-isolating membrane (1D) and forms a cooling protective layer for the tank oil layer;
When the environment temperature is recovered to be normal and special cooling protection is not needed, the upper water outlet valve (6A) is opened, the upper water discharge pump (6C) is started, the water body in the upper space of the tank oil layer is pumped out, and the water body is sent to the water treatment system (11) for treatment and discharge.
8. The subsea oil storage method of claim 7, further comprising: when severe sea conditions are met, the tank ventilation valve (9A) is closed, buoyancy is adjusted through the floating body unit (2), the whole oil storage tank body (1) is submerged to a safe depth below the sea surface, and meanwhile, the emergency standby floating body is started, so that the whole oil storage tank body (1) is suspended at a proper depth of a natural water body.
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| CN111453229A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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