CN111452806A

CN111452806A - Wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train

Info

Publication number: CN111452806A
Application number: CN201910078078.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李启飞
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-01-19
Filing date: 2019-01-19
Publication date: 2020-07-28

Abstract

The wheel-driven air cushion suspension track train utilizes high-pressure air as an air cushion to generate a suspension effect, adopts wheel driving and comprises a vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system, a wheel-driven system, a vehicle body and other key parts. When the wheel type driving system is positioned at two sides of the vehicle body, the driving wheel also plays a role of a guide wheel, and the vehicle body support can be directly supported on a track surface by utilizing a vehicle body suspension air chamber in a static state, and can also be additionally provided with an independent supporting wheel or a matched combination of a skid and a slide rail for supporting the vehicle body. When the wheel type driving system is positioned at the bottom side of the vehicle body, an independent guide system is required to be additionally arranged, the guide system can adopt air cushion guide or wheel type guide, the vehicle body support can be directly supported on a track surface by using a vehicle body suspension air chamber in a static state, the vehicle body can also be supported by using a driving wheel, and a skid and a sliding rail matching combination can also be additionally arranged for supporting the vehicle body. The body can be designed according to the specific requirements of freight transportation or passenger transportation.

Description

Wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train

Technical Field

Rail vehicles, suspension trains, air cushion suspension, transportation.

Background

With the progress of society, the technology of the original freight transportation and passenger transportation rail train needs to be upgraded to meet the requirements of new freight transportation and passenger transportation, and meanwhile, in view of energy crisis and environmental protection, a new technology is also needed to achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction.

In China, the inter-regional development is unbalanced, even though the urban area is developed economically, vehicles such as subways are just commonweal, and the high manufacturing cost and the high operation and maintenance cost make the vehicles difficult to profit. The invention aims to solve the problem of urban public transport and avoid burdening local governments on the economic burden.

The application of the air cushion suspension principle has application in the fields of air cushion suspension transportation systems, air cushion ships and the like, and the effect is good. I have previously proposed several technical inventions of air-cushion suspension rail trains, which can be retrieved from the intellectual property office of the people's republic of china for reference.

The linear magnetic retarder, the disc type and the cylinder type magnetic retarder, the prior technical invention of the inventor, is used for auxiliary braking, and can be retrieved from intellectual property bureau of the Chinese people's republic of China for reference.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a novel rail vehicle, namely a wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train, which has economic manufacturing cost in terms of train self and rail construction, can be used for public transportation in undeveloped countries, towns and other areas to replace buses, improve the living experience of residents and achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. The wheel-driven air cushion suspension rail train is mainly characterized in that air cushion suspension and wheel driving are adopted.

Drawings

Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4 are schematic diagrams of several schemes of a straddle type wheel drive air cushion suspension track train. In fig. 1, the suspension air chamber of the vehicle suspension air cushion generating system is composed of

skirt boards

15 and 16 and the bottom surface of the vehicle body, etc., a wheel type driving system 60 adopts a motor to directly drive wheels which are arranged at both sides of the vehicle body, the driving wheels also play a role of guiding, and the reference numeral 4 is the vehicle body. In addition, a linear magnetic retarder can be additionally arranged to be matched with the slide rail to form auxiliary braking, so that the running safety of the whole vehicle is improved. In fig. 2, the suspension air chamber of the vehicle suspension air cushion generating system is composed of an apron board 20, skids 3-2, a slide rail 3-1, a vehicle bottom surface and the like, a wheel type driving system 60 directly drives wheels by adopting a motor and is arranged on two sides of a vehicle body, and a reference number 5 is an auxiliary supporting wheel (anti-collision). Fig. 3 differs from fig. 2 in that the wheel type driving system 60 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, a separate guiding system is adopted, in the figure, the

skirts

15 and 16, the side faces of the vehicle body and the like form a guiding air chamber, and the anti-collision auxiliary supporting wheels are changed into a matching combination of the skids 3-2 and the slide rails 3-1. Fig. 4 differs from fig. 3 in that it is guided by a guide wheel 61. The specific scheme of the straddle type wheel-driven air cushion suspension track train is designed correspondingly according to specific working condition requirements, and vehicles with different speeds and loads are combined into a reasonable composite braking system by different braking methods, so that necessary safety is achieved.

Fig. 5, 6, 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of various schemes of the submerged wheel-driven air-cushion suspension rail train. In fig. 5, the suspension air chamber of the vehicle suspension air cushion generating system is composed of

skirt boards

15 and 16 and the bottom surface of the vehicle body, etc., a wheel type driving system 60 adopts a motor to directly drive wheels which are arranged at both sides of the vehicle body, the driving wheels also play a role of guiding, and the reference numeral 4 is the vehicle body. In addition, a linear magnetic retarder can be additionally arranged to be matched with the slide rail to form auxiliary braking, so that the running safety of the whole vehicle is improved. In fig. 6, the suspension air chamber of the vehicle suspension air cushion generating system is composed of an apron board 20, a skid 3-2, a slide rail 3-1, a vehicle bottom surface and the like, and a wheel type driving system 60 directly drives wheels by adopting a motor and is arranged on two sides of a vehicle body. Fig. 7 differs from fig. 6 in that the wheel drive system 60 is disposed at the bottom of the vehicle body, and a separate guidance system is used, in which the

skirt panels

15 and 16 and the side of the vehicle body, etc. constitute a guidance air chamber. Fig. 8 is different from fig. 7 in that a guide wheel 61 is used for guiding, and a suspension air chamber of a vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system is independently designed and composed of

skirts

15 and 16, a vehicle body bottom surface and the like. The specific scheme of the submerged wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is designed correspondingly according to specific working condition requirements, and vehicles with different speeds and loads are combined into a reasonable composite braking system by different braking methods, so that necessary safety is achieved.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a scheme of an insertion wheel type drive air cushion suspension rail train, in which a matching combination 3 of a skid and a slide rail is additionally installed, a suspension air chamber of a vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system of the train body suspension air cushion generating system is composed of an apron board 20, the skid, the slide rail, a vehicle body surface and the like, and a guide air chamber of a guide air cushion generating system is composed of

apron boards

15 and 16 and the vehicle body surface and the like. The plug-in wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train can also adopt the schemes of lateral driving, wheel type guiding and the like, the specific scheme is designed correspondingly according to the specific working condition requirements, and the vehicle types with different vehicle speeds and carrying capacities are combined into a reasonable composite braking system by adopting different braking methods, so that the necessary safety is achieved.

Figure 10 is a schematic side view of one version of a wheel driven air cushion levitation track train.

Fig. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams showing two schemes of a wheel type driving system 60 for a wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train, in which reference numeral 60-1 is a driving motor, 60-2 is an axle, 60-3 is a driving wheel, 60-4 is a guide rod, 60-5 is a telescopic adjusting mechanism, 60-6 is an auxiliary bracket, 60-7 is a magnetic retarder, the guide rod 60-4 can be replaced by a damper, and the wheel type driving system adopts the telescopic adjusting mechanism 60-5 to enable the driving wheel to obtain the optimal contact pressure, so that the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train achieves the optimal energy saving effect. When the wheel drive system 60 is positioned on the side of the vehicle body, a telescopic adjustment mechanism may also be employed to provide optimal contact pressure to the drive wheels. The telescopic adjusting mechanism can adopt a motor-driven ball screw assembly, a motor-driven sliding screw assembly, a motor-driven groove cam assembly or a motor-driven planetary roller screw assembly, and can also adopt a hydraulic cylinder and an air cylinder (the telescopic adjustment is controlled by a hydraulic or pneumatic circuit), in addition, the telescopic adjusting mechanism can also be replaced by an air spring or an oil-gas spring, and the like, when the air spring is adopted, the air spring is controlled by the pneumatic circuit to be telescopic, so that the driving wheel obtains the optimal contact pressure, and the wheel-driven air cushion suspension rail train achieves the optimal energy-saving effect. Similarly, for other driven wheels, the adjustment method is the same as that of the driving wheels. When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is arranged at the bottom of the train body and the train body suspension air chamber is a part which is designed independently, the longitudinal height position of the suspension air chamber can be directly adjusted by adopting a telescopic adjusting mechanism so as to enable the driving wheel to obtain the optimal contact pressure, and therefore the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train achieves the optimal energy-saving effect.

Fig. 13, 14 and 15 are schematic diagrams showing several schemes of the telescopic adjusting mechanism, wherein fig. 13 adopts a motor to drive a ball screw assembly, fig. 14 adopts a motor to drive a sliding screw assembly, fig. 15 adopts a motor to drive a groove cam assembly, the telescopic adjusting mechanism of the motor-driven planetary ball screw assembly is similar to the telescopic adjusting mechanism, and only the components for converting the rotary motion and the linear motion are different.

Fig. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 show schematic diagrams of several shapes of air chambers, a large air chamber composed of a plurality of small air chambers is adopted to facilitate pressure maintaining of the air chambers, the shapes can be combined at will, components such as an energy accumulator, a one-way valve and the like are reasonably utilized through the design of a pneumatic circuit, the air pressure of the small air chambers inside the large air chamber can be subjected to small fluctuation, the pressure maintaining is good, the optimal suspension effect is obtained, and even if the air pressure fluctuation of the small air chambers around the large air chamber is large or some small air chambers are damaged, the effective vehicle body suspension effect and the guiding effect can be obtained.

The wheel-type driving air cushion suspension track train utilizes high-pressure air as an air cushion to generate a suspension effect, and adopts wheel-type driving, and the wheel-type driving air cushion suspension track train with various structural forms has the following key parts: the vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system comprises a vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system, a wheel type driving system and a vehicle body.

When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is positioned on two sides of the train body, the driving wheels also play a role of guide wheels. When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is positioned at the bottom side of a train body, an independent guide system is required to be additionally arranged, the guide system can adopt air cushion guide or wheel type guide, the independent guide wheel is additionally arranged by adopting the wheel type guide, a guide air cushion generating system is required to be additionally arranged by adopting the air cushion guide, the guide air cushion generating system comprises a guide air chamber and a high-pressure air generating system, high-pressure air in the guide air chamber overflows to form a layer of air film to isolate the wall surface of the train body from the wall surface of the track, so that the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train can be effectively guided, the guide air chamber can be a three-dimensional space consisting of a skirt board, the wall surface of the train body, the wall surface of the track and the like, and an independent guide air chamber can also be designed, the high-pressure air generating system can consist of a, when the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train runs at a high speed, high-pressure air can be generated by effectively utilizing the high-speed air flow coming from the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train through reasonably designing the flow channel.

When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is positioned at two sides of the train body, the train body support can be directly supported on the track surface by utilizing the train body suspension air chamber in a static state, and an independent supporting wheel or a matching combination of a skid and a slide rail can be additionally arranged for supporting the train body. When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train is positioned at the bottom side of the train body, the train body support can be directly supported on the track surface by using the train body suspension air chamber in a static state, the train body can also be supported by using the driving wheel, and at the moment, a matching combination of a skid and a sliding rail can also be additionally arranged for supporting the train body. The matched combination of the skid and the slide rail can be used for friction braking in emergency situations.

The vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system comprises a suspension air chamber and a high-pressure air generating system, wherein high-pressure air in the suspension air chamber overflows to form a layer of air film to support a vehicle body, so that the wheel type drive air cushion suspension rail train presents a suspension effect, the suspension air chamber can be an independently designed suspension air chamber or a three-dimensional space formed by skirt boards, slide rails, skids, a vehicle body wall surface, a rail surface and the like, the high-pressure air generating system can be formed by a fan and a flow channel, the fan generates high-pressure air, and the high-pressure air generating system can also adopt an air compressor to generate high-pressure air. The wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train can realize zero-speed suspension, and when the train runs at a high speed, the oncoming high-speed airflow of the wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train can be effectively utilized through reasonably designing the flow channel.

Regarding the braking system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train, a driving motor can be used for regenerative braking, reverse connection braking or energy consumption braking, a disc type or cylinder type magnetic retarder can be used for auxiliary braking, a linear magnetic retarder can be additionally arranged to be matched with a slide rail to form auxiliary braking, the matching combination of a skid and the slide rail can be used for friction braking, a drum type, caliper type or disc type brake and the like can be adopted to brake a driving wheel, and an optimal braking scheme is to select a proper composite braking scheme according to the specific design speed of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train to ensure the safety.

When the wheel-type driving air cushion suspension track train adopts the motor to drive the wheels, when the power supply of the driving motor is outside the train body, the train body is additionally provided with a pantograph to be connected with an external power transmission line, and a storage battery, a capacitor or an independent generator set can be used as a vehicle-mounted power supply. Wheel-drive air-cushion levitation track trains may also employ internal combustion engines to drive the wheels.

The vehicle body of the wheel-driven air cushion suspension rail train can be designed according to the specific requirements of freight transportation or passenger transportation.

Detailed Description

The components of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train can be processed and manufactured by modern industrial manufacturing technology, and related standard components can be matched by professional manufacturers. The vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system and the guide air cushion generating system at different positions of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train can use the same fan or air compressor to generate high-pressure air, and also can use different fans or air compressors to generate high-pressure air respectively, and the optimal use effect is achieved by reasonably designing a pneumatic circuit. When the wheel type driving system of the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train is positioned at the bottom side of the train body, the lifting adjusting mechanism of the wheel type driving system can adopt an air spring, and the pressure of the air spring is adjusted in real time to enable the driving wheel to obtain necessary friction force by designing a pneumatic loop system and an electric control system and performing closed-loop automatic control or artificial open-loop control so as to meet the driving power requirement.

The wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train can be designed to be in a low-speed working condition and is specially used for a town public transportation system to replace a bus, and can also be designed to be in a medium-high speed working condition and is specially used for medium-short distance passenger transport or freight transport between grade cities.

The wheel-driven air-cushion suspension rail train is used as a rail train, and the finished product of the rail train needs to have the following conditions for successful application: (1) and (4) experimental test calibration, namely establishing a test track to complete the actual test of the serialized products and ensure safety and reliability. (2) Driving control-training qualified drivers to be familiar with the dynamic performance and operation control method of the train.

Claims

1. The wheel-type driving air cushion suspension track train adopts wheel-type driving, and the wheel-type driving air cushion suspension track trains with various structural forms all comprise a vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system, a wheel-type driving system, a vehicle body and other key parts.

2. The wheel type driven air cushion suspension track train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle body suspension air cushion generating system comprises a suspension air chamber and a high pressure air generating system, the high pressure air in the suspension air chamber overflows to form a gas film to lift the vehicle body, so that the wheel type driven air cushion suspension track train can exhibit suspension effect, the suspension air chamber can be an independently designed suspension air chamber, or a three-dimensional space composed of skirt boards, slide rails, skids, vehicle body wall surfaces and track surfaces, the high pressure air generating system can be composed of a fan and a flow passage, the fan generates high pressure air, and the high pressure air generating system can also adopt an air compressor to generate high pressure air. The wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train can realize zero-speed suspension, and when the train runs at a high speed, the oncoming high-speed airflow of the wheel-type driving air cushion suspension rail train can be effectively utilized through reasonably designing the flow channel.

3. The wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guiding air cushion generating system comprises a guiding air chamber and a high pressure air generating system, the high pressure air in the guiding air chamber overflows to form a gas film to isolate the train body wall from the track wall, so as to effectively guide the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train, the guiding air chamber can be a three-dimensional space composed of skirt boards, the train body wall and the track wall, or an independent guiding air chamber can be designed, the high pressure air generating system can be composed of a fan and a flow passage, the fan generates high pressure air, the high pressure air generating system can also generate high pressure air by using an air compressor, and the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train can be driven at high speed by reasonably designing the flow passage, the high-pressure air can be generated by effectively utilizing the high-speed air flow coming from the wheel-driven air cushion suspension rail train.

4. The wheel driven air cushion suspension railway train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vehicle body support is required to prevent the paint from scratching the surface of the train body in a static state, when the wheel driven system of the wheel driven air cushion suspension railway train is located on both sides of the train body, the vehicle body support can be directly supported on the track surface by the vehicle body suspension air chamber in the static state, or can be additionally provided with independent support wheels or a matching combination of skids and slide rails for supporting the train body, when the wheel driven system of the wheel driven air cushion suspension railway train is located on the bottom side of the train body, the vehicle body support can be directly supported on the track surface by the vehicle body suspension air chamber in the static state, or can be supported by the drive wheels, or can be additionally provided with a matching combination of skids and slide rails for supporting the train body.

5. The wheel-driven air-cushion suspension track train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wheel-driven system is a wheel-driven system, when the wheel-driven system uses a motor to drive the wheel, and the power supply of the motor is outside the train body, the train body is provided with a pantograph for connecting with an external power transmission line, a storage battery, a capacitor or an independent generator set can be used as a vehicle-mounted power supply, and the wheel-driven system can use an internal combustion engine to drive the wheel.

6. The wheel-driven air cushion suspension railway train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wheel-driven air cushion suspension railway train is characterized in that a wheel-driven driving system is used, the wheel-driven driving system can adopt a telescopic adjusting mechanism to make the driving wheels obtain the optimal contact pressure, thereby achieving the optimal energy-saving effect of the wheel-driven air cushion suspension railway train, the telescopic adjusting mechanism can adopt a motor-driven ball screw assembly, a motor-driven sliding screw assembly, a motor-driven groove cam assembly or a motor-driven planetary roller screw assembly, and can also adopt a hydraulic cylinder and an air cylinder (the telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder or the pneumatic circuit is controlled), in addition, the telescopic adjusting mechanism can also be replaced by an air spring or an oil gas spring, and the like, when the air spring is adopted, the pneumatic circuit system and the electric control system are designed, the air spring is controlled, thereby leading the wheel type driving air cushion suspension track train to achieve the best energy-saving effect.

7. The wheel-driven air cushion suspension railway train as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the wheel-driven system is disposed at the bottom of the train body and the suspension air chamber is an independently designed component, the longitudinal height position of the suspension air chamber can be directly adjusted by using the telescopic adjusting mechanism to obtain the optimum contact pressure for the driving wheels, thereby achieving the optimum energy saving effect of the wheel-driven air cushion suspension railway train, the telescopic adjusting mechanism can be a motor-driven ball screw assembly, a motor-driven sliding screw assembly, a motor-driven groove cam assembly or a motor-driven planetary roller screw assembly, or a hydraulic cylinder and an air cylinder (whose extension is controlled by a hydraulic or pneumatic circuit), and further, the telescopic adjusting mechanism can be replaced by an air spring or an oil-gas spring, and when the air spring is used, by designing a pneumatic circuit system and an electric control system, the air spring is controlled to stretch by closed-loop automatic control or artificial open-loop control, so that the driving wheel obtains the optimal contact pressure, and the wheel type driving air cushion suspension rail train achieves the optimal energy-saving effect.

8. The wheel-driven air-cushion levitation railway train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the braking system of the wheel-driven air-cushion levitation railway train can use a disc-type or cylinder-type magnetic retarder for auxiliary braking, or can be additionally equipped with a linear magnetic retarder to match with the rail to form auxiliary braking, or can use a matching combination of a skid and a rail for friction braking, or can use a drum-type, caliper-type or disc-type brake to brake the driving wheels, and the optimal braking scheme should select a suitable composite braking scheme according to the specific design condition of the wheel-driven air-cushion levitation railway train to ensure sufficient safety, and when the wheel-driven system uses a motor to drive the wheels, the driving motor can be used for regenerative braking, reverse braking or dynamic braking.

9. The wheeled drive air cushion suspension track train as claimed in claim 1, wherein the body is designed according to the specific requirements of freight or passenger transport.