CN111449269A - Tobacco multistage winnowing method and system - Google Patents
Tobacco multistage winnowing method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111449269A CN111449269A CN202010332411.6A CN202010332411A CN111449269A CN 111449269 A CN111449269 A CN 111449269A CN 202010332411 A CN202010332411 A CN 202010332411A CN 111449269 A CN111449269 A CN 111449269A
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- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
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- A24B3/16—Classifying or aligning leaves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco multistage winnowing system, which comprises a fan, a tangential blanking device and multistage winnowing chambers, wherein the side wall of each stage of winnowing chamber is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the previous stage winnowing chamber is communicated with the feeding hole of the next stage winnowing chamber; a mesh belt conveyor is arranged between the feed inlet of the first stage air separation chamber and the discharge outlet of the last stage air separation chamber; the air outlet of the fan is provided with an air speed regulating valve, a plurality of valves of the air speed regulating valve are respectively connected with air inlets corresponding to the bottoms of all stages of air separation chambers, the air outlet at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is respectively connected with the feed inlet of the tangential blanking device, and the blanking port of the tangential blanking device is provided with a discharging air lock. The multistage tobacco winnowing system can finely winnowing the expanded cut stems or cut tobacco leaves by utilizing the gradient wind speed, select qualified products to the maximum extent and ensure that the qualified products obtained by winnowing have high purity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of airflow separation of tobacco, and particularly relates to a tobacco multistage winnowing method and a tobacco multistage winnowing system.
Background
Air separation is one of the devices for separating materials on the production line of a cigarette factory, and the principle of the air separation is that the air separation is carried out by utilizing the difference of the suspension speeds of different materials. Theoretically, the densities of the cut leaves, the cut stems, the tobacco flakes, the cut tobacco, the expanded cut tobacco and the cut stems are different, the suspension speeds are also different, and the required materials can be effectively winnowed or the unnecessary materials can be removed as long as the suspension air speed is set. But the actual situation is more complex, some equipment has high efficiency but insufficient air separation precision, the impurity content of the air-separated material is higher, the purity is low, and the quality is poor; the existing equipment has the advantages of good winnowing precision, high purity, low efficiency, low yield, large equipment floor area, high installation cost, high use cost and high maintenance cost.
At present, the thin cigarette is popular, a plurality of cigarette factories open up own thin cigarette brand, the cross section of the thin cigarette is much smaller than that of a standard cigarette, if cut tobacco contains cut stems, a large amount of residual cigarettes appear during rolling, and therefore if the efficiency of the cigarette is to be improved, the yield of the residual cigarettes is reduced, and the purity of the cut tobacco needs to be strictly controlled. The purity of the tobacco shreds is closely related to the capacity of an air separation system, and the purity of the tobacco shreds after air separation can be improved only by a high-precision air separator.
Currently, conventional winnowing machines such as vibrating winnowing machines, two-stage winnowing machines, in-situ winnowing machines, etc. are used. The accuracy of this kind of equipment selection by winnowing is not high, can not be fine screening to the material that density is equivalent, and the consequence is that either the product purity is not enough after the selection by winnowing, or the certified products in the defective work after the selection by winnowing remain too much, cause the waste. These devices also suffer from air channeling, excessive material breakage, etc., due to structural defects.
Therefore, an efficient device capable of finely winnowing is urgently needed under the background, multi-stage separation can be achieved through the device, meanwhile, air fleeing can be prevented in the winnowing process, the material breaking is reduced, the qualified products mixed in the unqualified products can be effectively winnowed out, and meanwhile, the qualified products winnowed out can be guaranteed to have high purity.
Patent application specification (application number 200710021325.8) discloses a tobacco material winnowing method and equipment, the equipment comprises a primary air branch chamber and a rack, the primary air branch chamber is provided with a feeding hole, a primary discharging hole and a primary air supplementing hole, the primary air branch chamber is also connected with a secondary air branch chamber in series, and the primary discharging hole of the primary air branch chamber is combined with the feeding hole of the secondary air branch chamber; the secondary air sub-chamber is also provided with a secondary air supply port, a secondary impurity outlet and a discharge port; the air supply port of the primary air branch chamber and the secondary air supply port of the secondary air branch chamber are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the primary air branch chamber and the secondary air branch chamber and are respectively provided with a primary air adjusting door and a secondary air adjusting door. The method is carried out in two serially connected air separation chambers, the tobacco materials are firstly subjected to primary air separation to separate out impurities with higher density, and then are subjected to secondary air separation with separation air speed lower than that of the primary air separation to separate out secondary heavy impurities.
The method adopts the vibration groove conveyor to directly send the tobacco materials into the air separation chamber, the tobacco materials are supported by airflow in the air separation chamber, the requirement on the feeding amount of the tobacco materials per second is high, if too much tobacco materials are fed, the tobacco materials are easy to fall from a discharge hole at the bottom of the air separation chamber after being too early to be subjected to air separation, and therefore, the requirement on the air speed control of air separation air is also high. In addition, because the feed inlet of the secondary air chamber is arranged on the side wall, the air separation air blows upwards from the bottom of the primary air chamber, the air separation air in the primary air chamber is difficult to send the separated tobacco materials into the secondary air chamber, and similarly, the air in the secondary air chamber also blows upwards from the bottom, the tobacco materials need to enter the secondary air chamber by virtue of the pressure difference of the two air chambers, the difficulty is high, so that part of the tobacco materials always stay in the primary air chamber, and the air separation efficiency is not high. In addition, the air supply opening of the device is also a discharge opening of unqualified products, and the unqualified products do not have independent output channels. Once the unqualified products are screened out, the unqualified products cannot enter the next stage for fine screening, and the screening fineness of the equipment for the materials is insufficient. The air separation wind of the equipment is not circulating wind, and the wind supplement wind is wind collected from the environment, so that the requirement on a ventilation system of an air conditioner of a room is high, and energy is wasted.
The invention patent (application number is 201310235737.7) discloses a wind pressure type three-bin wind separator, which utilizes a wind pressure type three-bin wind separator with two separation bins connected with a blanking bin in series, and can carry out four times of separation processes of positive and negative pressure of two bins twice by adsorbing materials through a high-speed conveying net belt. This application is very difficult to be put into practical use. Its tobacco material also directly is shed into the separation storehouse, utilizes selection by winnowing wind upwards to blow up the light material, makes the material that is blown up adsorb the lower surface at conveying mesh belt through the negative pressure effect, and the material that adsorbs at the guipure lower surface gets into the second separation storehouse, and the malleation in second separation storehouse is less, and partly heavier material drops on the conveying mesh belt. Adopt open structure between the separating bin of this application and between separating bin and the play feed bin, must set up supplementary air intake between first separating bin and second separating bin and the play feed bin for the wind pressure between two separating bins is different, has the pressure differential. This air separator adopts the sieve ejection of compact that shakes, separates the storehouse below and not only is the discharge gate but also is the air intake simultaneously, and the mesh screen hole in this area has the material to leak into in the wind channel down and can't handle.
The invention patent (application number 201510741809.4) discloses a high-efficiency tobacco shred winnowing method and equipment, which control the wind speed of a primary winnowing chamber, control two materials after air separation, ensure that the purity degree of one material reaches the winnowing standard, and selectively perform secondary winnowing on the other material. The winnowing equipment is connected together by using multistage independent winnowing equipment, each winnowing process of the cut tobacco is carried out through a tangential blanking device and a discharging air lock, the cut tobacco is easy to break, and the equipment is huge in structure and large in occupied area. The device has high requirement on the wind speed, no sensor is linked with the fans, the wind quantity can not be automatically controlled and set, and each stage of air separation chamber needs two fans, so the structure is complex.
In addition, above technical scheme all is throwing the material into the air selection chamber, and debris that weight is big are all followed the air intake ejection of compact of air selection chamber, and the requirement is higher to setting up of the fan of air intake, not only need consider conveniently to collect debris, but also need consider the influence of debris collecting device to the air selection wind to avoid resulting in the air selection wind to send into the air selection chamber uniformly, the structure sets up relatively complicatedly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tobacco multistage winnowing method and a tobacco multistage winnowing system, which can be used for finely winnowing expanded cut stems or cut leaves by utilizing gradient wind speed, and picking qualified products from the expanded cut stems, the cut leaves or cut stems to the maximum extent.
The invention relates to a tobacco multistage winnowing system, which comprises a fan, a tangential blanking device and multistage winnowing chambers, wherein the side wall of each stage of winnowing chamber is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the previous stage winnowing chamber is communicated with the feeding hole of the next stage winnowing chamber; a mesh belt conveyor is arranged between the feed inlet of the first stage air separation chamber and the discharge outlet of the last stage air separation chamber; the air outlet of the fan is provided with an air speed regulating valve, a plurality of valves of the air speed regulating valve are respectively connected with air inlets corresponding to the bottoms of all stages of air separation chambers, the air outlet at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is respectively connected with the feed inlet of the tangential blanking device, and the blanking port of the tangential blanking device is provided with a discharging air lock.
The multistage tobacco winnowing system provided by the invention sets gradient wind speed through the wind speed regulating valve, so that the tobacco is finely winnowed for multiple times in the multistage winnowing chambers connected in parallel, mixed qualified products are effectively winnowed out from unqualified products to the maximum extent, and meanwhile, the qualified products winnowed out can be ensured to have high purity. The invention utilizes the mesh belt conveyor to convey tobacco materials, the winnowing wind blows upwards from the bottom of the winnowing chamber, qualified tobacco materials are blown from the mesh belt conveyor and enter the tangential blanking device from the top outlet of the winnowing chamber, and the problem that the qualified products cannot be effectively screened because the tobacco materials quickly drop when the tobacco materials are directly sprayed into the winnowing chamber in the prior art is avoided. In addition, the qualified products which are winnowed are output from the outlet of the winnowing chamber, and the rejected unqualified products are conveyed out through the mesh belt conveyor, so that the unqualified products such as sundries are prevented from being output from the air inlet of the winnowing chamber, and the layout of the air inlet is not influenced.
Furthermore, the feed inlet of each stage of air separation chamber is higher than the discharge outlet in the vertical direction, the feed inlet of each stage of air separation chamber is provided with a winnowing device, and the discharge outlet of the upper stage of air separation chamber is connected with the feed inlet of the lower stage of air separation chamber through the winnowing device; mesh belt conveyors are arranged between the lower part of the feed port and the discharge port of each stage of air separation chamber, and the mesh belt conveyors in each stage of air separation chamber are distributed in a step shape from high to low along the conveying direction. The material with higher density which is transported and separated by the mesh belt conveyor passes through the air separation chambers of each stage, thereby carrying out air separation for a plurality of times. The stepped distribution can facilitate the arrangement of loosening equipment such as winnowing machines and the like at the feed inlets of all stages of air separation chambers for throwing and feeding materials, so that the materials are loosened and air separation is facilitated. Meanwhile, the winnowing device can prevent air from flowing between all levels of air separation chambers, and plays a role in sealing.
And further, shutter type adjusting doors are arranged in all stages of air separation chambers under the mesh belt conveyor. The louver type adjusting doors are vertically and reversely arranged and used for directionally guiding the circulating air of the air separation chamber, so that the circulating air can always vertically penetrate through the mesh belt conveyor, and air channeling is avoided.
Furthermore, the air outlet at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is connected with the tangential blanking device through a pipeline, and the tangential positions at the corners of the pipeline at the top of each stage of air separation chamber are provided with air supplementing valves, so that the air quantity lost by a dust exhaust pipe of a fan can be supplemented, and the phenomenon that the materials are crushed due to impact of the materials and the pipeline can be avoided.
Furthermore, air speed sensors are arranged at air inlets at the bottoms of the air separation chambers at all levels, and the air speed sensors are linked with corresponding valves on the air speed regulating valves and can control the air speed of the suspended air in the air separation chambers at all levels.
Furthermore, the air return inlet of the tangential blanking device is connected with the air inlet of the fan through an air return pipe, a negative pressure sensor is arranged in the air return pipe, and the negative pressure sensor is linked with the fan. The negative pressure sensor is linked with the fan to control the air speed of the air separation system, and meanwhile, the 0 pressure point of the system is always kept in the return air pipe, so that the circulating air is always kept in a positive pressure state from the air outlet of the fan to the air inlet of the return air pipe, and the air separation and the conveying of materials are facilitated.
Furthermore, a discharge screw conveyor and a discharge airlock are further arranged at the discharge port of the last stage of air separation chamber and used for discharging the unqualified materials separated by the air out of the air separation system.
Furthermore, a feeding vibrating screen is arranged at the feeding port of the first-stage air separation chamber and used for quantitatively feeding materials into the first-stage air separation chamber. And a belt conveyor is arranged below the blanking port of the tangential blanking device and used for conveying qualified products into the next procedure.
The invention relates to a tobacco multistage winnowing method, wherein tobacco is winnowed in the process of conveying in a plurality of winnowing chambers connected in parallel through a mesh belt conveyor; the tobacco with higher density separated from the previous stage air separation chamber enters the next stage air separation chamber for continuous air separation, the air speed in the next stage air separation chamber is higher than that in the previous stage air separation chamber, and the suspension air speed of each stage of air separation chamber is always lower than that of the unqualified product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) multi-stage air separation is realized, materials with different densities are separated in a first stage, and the air separation precision is high;
(2) the purity of the qualified product separated by wind is high, and impurities are few;
(3) the material is small in size, the winnowing efficiency is high, and qualified products at all levels are discharged simultaneously;
(4) the equipment is highly integrated and occupies small area.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tobacco multistage air separation system of the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a first-stage winnowing chamber, 1-1 winnowing machines, 1-2 mesh belt conveyors, 1-3 shutter type adjusting doors, 1-4 air supply valves, 1-5 air speed sensors, 2 second-stage winnowing chambers, 3 third-stage winnowing chambers, 4 tangential blanking devices, 5 equipment shells, 6 discharging air locks, 7 belt conveyors, 8 supporting legs, 9 air return pipes, 10 fans, 10-1 dust exhaust pipes, 11 discharging spiral conveyors, 12 air speed adjusting valves, 13 discharging air locks, 14 feeding vibrating screens and 15 negative pressure sensors.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the tobacco multistage air separation system of the invention comprises a feeding vibrating screen 14, a first stage air separation chamber 1, a second stage air separation chamber 2, a third stage air separation chamber 3, a tangential blanking device 4, a discharging air lock 6, a belt conveyor 7, a return air pipe 9, a fan 10, a discharging screw conveyor 11 and a discharging air lock 13, and the whole system is arranged in an equipment shell 5 and is supported by supporting legs 8.
Wherein the first stage winnowing chamber 1, the second stage winnowing chamber 2 and the third stage winnowing chamber 3 which are arranged side by side are transversely connected to form a three-stage winnowing chamber of the material. The wind circulation of each stage of the air separation chambers is in parallel connection, namely the wind circulation of each stage of the air separation chambers is independent. An air outlet of the fan 10 is provided with an air speed regulating valve 12, and a plurality of valves of the air speed regulating valve 12 are connected with corresponding air inlets at the bottom of each stage of air separation chambers through pipelines to provide suspended air from bottom to top for materials. The air outlets at the tops of the air separation chambers at all stages are respectively connected with the tangential blanking device 4 through pipelines, the screened materials with low density are collected in the tangential blanking device 4 to be separated, and the separated materials fall into the belt conveyor 7 from the blanking port of the tangential blanking device 4 through the discharging air lock 6, so that the next procedure is conveyed. And the air return inlet of the tangential blanking device 4 is connected with the air inlet of the fan 10 through the air return pipe 9, so that the suspended air is sent back to the fan 10 to form the circulating air of the winnowing system. In other embodiments of the invention, the ducts at the top and bottom of each stage of the air separation chamber are integral with each stage of the air separation chamber. The return duct 9 is also not necessary if the suspended air is not recycled.
The opposite side walls of each stage of air separation chamber are provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the feed inlet is higher than the discharge outlet in the vertical direction, and the discharge outlet of the upper stage of air separation chamber is communicated with the feed inlet of the lower stage of air separation chamber. The feed inlet of the first stage air separation chamber 1 is positioned below the discharge outlet of the feeding vibrating screen 14, and the discharge outlet of the third stage air separation chamber 3 is provided with a discharge screw conveyor 11 and a discharge airlock 13. In order to meet the function of each stage of air separation chambers, winnowing devices 1-1 are arranged at the feeding holes and used for throwing and feeding materials, so that the materials are loosened and air separation is facilitated; and a horizontal mesh belt conveyor 1-2 is arranged between the lower part of the winnowing machine 1-1 and the discharge port of each stage of winnowing chamber and is used for conveying the screened materials with higher density to the discharge port. Three mesh belt conveyors 1-2 of three-stage air separation chambers in the drawing 1 are transversely formed into a ladder shape from high to low along the material conveying direction, a winnowing device 1-1 is conveniently arranged, the winnowing devices are used for connecting discharge ports and feed ports of two adjacent air separation chambers, the feed port of the first-stage air separation chamber is connected with the discharge port of a feeding vibrating screen 14 through the winnowing device, and the winnowing devices can prevent air blowby of all stages of air separation chambers, so that the air separation chambers work independently, can shed materials, are beneficial to air separation, and play roles of loosening materials and sealing. The material from the feeding vibrating screen 14 passes through the mesh belt conveyor 1-2 to cross each stage of air separation chamber, air separation is carried out in each stage of air separation chamber for multiple times, and the remaining material with the highest density is discharged out of the system through the discharging screw conveyor 11 and the discharging air lock 13. In other embodiments of the invention, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of each stage of air separation chamber are positioned at the same height in the vertical direction, and a continuous mesh belt conveyor is arranged between the feed inlet of the first stage air separation chamber 1 and the discharge outlet of the third stage air separation chamber 3 to convey materials; when adopting this kind of straight line to transport the material, just must the opening in order to let the material process between two air separation rooms, the condition that different air separation rooms scurried wind can appear like this, influences the selection by winnowing quality, if will avoid scurring wind then need set up more complicated seal structure between the adjacent air separation room.
In other embodiments of the present invention, a feeding airlock is disposed at the inlet of the first stage air separation chamber 1, and a winnowing device is disposed between the outlet of the previous stage air separation chamber and the inlet of the next stage air separation chamber as a sealing structure, which belongs to a rotary seal and has a sealing characteristic similar to an airlock. The air pressure in each air separation chamber is relatively independent through the arrangement of the sealing structure, so that air separation is facilitated.
Shutter type adjusting doors 1-3 are arranged under the mesh belt conveyor 1-2 of each stage of the air separation chamber and used for adjusting the wind speed and the wind direction, so that the suspended wind vertically penetrates through the mesh belt conveyor as far as possible. The fan 10 is provided with a dust exhaust pipe 10-1 for collecting and discharging dust and foreign substances discharged by the centrifugal action of the fan 10 in the circulating air. And the tangential position of the pipeline corner at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is provided with an air supplement valve 1-4, the air supplement valve 1-4 is provided with an adjusting turning plate, and a compensation value can be adjusted according to the suspended air speed in each stage of air separation chamber to supplement fresh air and make up the air quantity discharged by a dust exhaust pipe 10-1 on a fan 10. The circulating air coming out of the tangential blanking device returns to the fan through the return air pipe, the fan is generally a centrifugal fan, a dust exhaust pipe is arranged in the tangential direction of a wind shell of the centrifugal fan, dust and small particle impurities in the circulating air of the system are thrown into the dust exhaust pipe through the centrifugal effect when the centrifugal fan operates, and the dust exhaust pipe is directly connected to a main dust remover of a workshop to be collected and processed. The air quantity discharged by the centrifugal fan through the dust exhaust pipe accounts for 10-20% of the total circulating air quantity of the system, and the air quantity lost through the dust exhaust pipe is supplied by the air supply valve at the upper end of each air separation chamber, so that the air quantity of the system is ensured to be unchanged.
The pipelines at the air inlets at the bottoms of the air separation chambers at all levels are provided with air speed sensors 1-5, and the air speed sensors 1-5 are linked with corresponding valves on the air speed regulating valves 12, so that the air speed and the air volume in the air separation chambers at all levels are controlled. The wind speed regulating valve 12 divides the wind coming from the fan 10 into three paths W1, W2 and W3, each path of wind speed is controlled by a separate valve, and each path of valve is linked with a corresponding wind speed sensor 1-5 and is used for controlling the wind speed in a corresponding winnowing chamber. A negative pressure sensor 15 is arranged in the return air pipe 9, and the negative pressure sensor 15 is linked with the fan 10 to control the air pressure in the return air pipe 9.
The primary air separation chamber 1, the secondary air separation chamber 2 and the tertiary air separation chamber 3 have the same structural composition, but have different sizes and functions. Generally, the structural size of the air separation chambers is reduced gradually along with the reduction of the percentage of qualified products needing air separation in the total feeding materials, the height of each stage of air separation chamber is the same, the qualified products subjected to air separation in the first stage of air separation chamber are the most, the sectional area is the largest, the qualified products subjected to air separation in the later stages of air separation chambers are reduced in sequence, the sectional areas are correspondingly reduced, the air speed in the air separation chambers is gradually increased along with the increase of the density of the qualified products needing air separation, and the maximum suspension air speed is always smaller than the suspension air speed of the unqualified products. As shown in figure 1, the relative size of the first stage air separation chamber 1 is the largest, and the wind speed V inside the first stage air separation chamberw1At a relatively minimum, the primary air separation chamber 1 passes through the air separation chamber with a steady speed Vw1Selecting qualified material a. The occupancy rate of qualified products in the material a is 99.5-100%, and the density rho a of the material a is relatively minimum in the total feeding F, but the number of the qualified products is maximum and accounts for 50-60% of the total feeding F. The second stage winnowing chamber 2 has a central relative size and an internal wind speed Vw2The second stage air separation chamber 2 passes through the air separation chamber with a stable speed Vw2The qualified material b is selected by wind, the occupancy rate of qualified products in the material b is 99.5-100%, and the density rho b of the material b is within the range ofThe total feeding F is centered, and the quantity of the total feeding F is also centered, which accounts for 20-30% of the total feeding F. The third stage air separation chamber 3 has the smallest relative size and the internal wind speed Vw3Relatively maximum, the third stage winnowing chamber 3 passes through with a steady speed Vw3The qualified material c is selected by the wind, the occupancy rate of qualified products in the material c is 98-100%, and the density rho c of the material c is relatively larger in the total feeding F, but the quantity is the least, and the material c accounts for 10-20% of the total feeding F. The wind speed relationship in the three-stage winnowing process can be expressed as Vw1＜Vw2＜Vw3＜VUnqualified productThe density relation of the screened materials can be expressed as rho a＜ρb＜ρc＜ρF3＜ρUnqualified product，ρF3Is the density of the mixture F3 remaining after the end of the sorting. Due to the refined control, ρ c and ρF3The difference is very small, and qualified products in the total feeding F are selected out by wind to the maximum extent. Through meticulous wind speed control, multistage screening can alleviate the resistance of every grade selection by winnowing certified products, improves the efficiency of selection by winnowing greatly.
The material entering the system is winnowed out the qualified products with the lighter density of 50% -60% in the first-stage winnowing chamber and enters the tangential blanking device, the remaining material contains the qualified products and the unqualified mixture, but most of the qualified products with the lower density are removed by the first-stage winnowing, the winnowing resistance is reduced for the second-stage winnowing, and the fine winnowing of the second-stage winnowing is facilitated. In the second stage of air separation, only the wind speed needs to be controlled, and qualified products with 20% -30% of density and a little larger are separated by air. Similarly, after the second stage, the remaining materials also contain a mixture of qualified products and unqualified products, but the density of the qualified products is closer to that of the unqualified products, so that the third stage of air separation aims to more finely air-separate qualified products with similar density to the unqualified products, and the part of the qualified products accounts for 10-20% of the total input material. Most of the materials after the three-stage winnowing are unqualified products, only few qualified products with similar density and unqualified products are mixed, and the qualified products only account for 1-2% of the total weight of the fed materials.
The material is expanded cut stems or cut leaves which are subjected to expansion treatment, the air separation process is to sieve the expanded cut stems or cut leaves which are qualified after the expansion treatment and have low density in a primary-stage manner through different wind speeds, and the rest are cut stems, cut stems or cut leaves which are unqualified after the expansion treatment and have high density.
The specific air separation process of the material F (namely the total feeding F) in the three-stage air separation chamber is as follows: the feeding vibrating screen 14 feeds the material F from the threshing machine into the first-stage air separation chamber 1, the winnowing device 1-1 throws the material F into an air cavity of the first-stage air separation chamber 1, and the material F is subjected to linkage control of wind speed W1 through the wind speed regulating valve 12 and the wind speed sensor 1-5 to control the wind speed VW1Blowing from the bottom of the first-stage air separation chamber 1, under the flow guide effect of a louver type adjusting door 1-3, enabling W1 to penetrate through a mesh belt conveyor 1-2, blowing up a material a with a lighter density, and conveying the material a to a tangential blanking device 4 from a pipeline at the top of the first-stage air separation chamber 1, accelerating fresh air supplemented by an air supplementing valve 1-4 from the tangent position W1+ a at the top of the first-stage air separation chamber 1, and reducing collision of the material a and the pipeline at a corner, so that the crushing phenomenon of a is reduced; the mixture F1 of the qualified product and the unqualified product left after the material F is subjected to primary air separation is obtained due to the density rho of the mixtureF1＞ρaAt a set wind speed VW1The lower part of the mixture F1 can not be blown up, so the mixture F1 falls onto the mesh belt conveyor 1-2, is sent to the second stage air separation chamber 2 by the mesh belt conveyor 1-2 and falls into the winnowing machine of the second stage air separation chamber 2 to start the second stage air separation; the mixture F1 is blown out of qualified products b in the second-stage air separation chamber 2, and the remaining mixture F2 of the unqualified products and the qualified products enters the third-stage air separation chamber 3 through a mesh belt conveyor to be subjected to third-stage air separation; the mixture F2 is blown out to obtain qualified products c in the third stage winnowing chamber 3, the rest mixture F3 of the unqualified products and the qualified products enters the discharge screw conveyor 11 through a mesh belt conveyor, the discharge screw conveyor 11 sends a certain amount of the mixture F3 into the discharge air lock 13, and finally the discharge air lock 13 discharges the mixture F3 out of the system.
When the system is in stable operation, the three-stage air separation is carried out simultaneously, and the materials a + b + c separated by the three-stage air and the wind W4 enter the tangential material falling device 4 together. In the tangential blanking device 4, W4 returns to the fan 10 through the return air duct 9, and the qualified products a + b + c with different densities are conveyed out of the system through the discharging air lock 6 and conveyed to the next process through the belt conveyor 7.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the tobacco multistage air classification system of the present invention is a three-stage air classification system. In other embodiments of the present invention, the air classification system may be divided into four stages or even more depending on the characteristics of the specific material to be classified.
The tobacco multistage winnowing system is applicable to fine winnowing of materials such as tobacco flakes, tobacco shreds, leaves, leaf stems and the like besides the winnowing of expanded cut stems or cut leaves.
The above examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and equivalents fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a multistage air classification system of tobacco, includes fan, tangential blanking ware, its characterized in that: the air separation device also comprises a multistage air separation chamber, wherein the side wall of each stage of air separation chamber is provided with a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the upper stage of air separation chamber is communicated with the feeding hole of the lower stage of air separation chamber; a mesh belt conveyor is arranged between the feed inlet of the first stage air separation chamber and the discharge outlet of the last stage air separation chamber; the air outlet of the fan is provided with an air speed regulating valve, a plurality of valves of the air speed regulating valve are respectively connected with air inlets corresponding to the bottoms of all stages of air separation chambers, the air outlet at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is respectively connected with the feed inlet of the tangential blanking device, and the blanking port of the tangential blanking device is provided with a discharging air lock.
2. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feed inlet of each stage of air separation chamber is higher than the discharge outlet in the vertical direction, the feed inlet of each stage of air separation chamber is provided with a winnowing machine, and the discharge outlet of the upper stage of air separation chamber is connected with the feed inlet of the lower stage of air separation chamber through the winnowing machine; mesh belt conveyors are arranged between the lower part of the feed port and the discharge port of each stage of air separation chamber, and the mesh belt conveyors in each stage of air separation chamber are distributed in a step shape from high to low along the conveying direction.
3. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and shutter type adjusting doors are arranged in each stage of air separation chambers under the mesh belt conveyor.
4. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the air outlet at the top of each stage of air separation chamber is connected with the tangential blanking device through a pipeline, and air supplementing valves are arranged at the tangential positions of the corners of the pipeline at the top of each stage of air separation chamber.
5. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and air speed sensors are arranged at air inlets at the bottoms of the air separation chambers at all levels and are linked with corresponding valves on the air speed regulating valves.
6. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the air return inlet of the tangential blanking device is connected with the air inlet of the fan through an air return pipe, a negative pressure sensor is arranged in the air return pipe, and the negative pressure sensor is linked with the fan.
7. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: and a belt conveyor is arranged below the blanking port of the tangential blanking device.
8. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the discharge port of the last stage air separation chamber is also provided with a discharge screw conveyor and a discharge air lock.
9. The tobacco multistage air classification system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: and a feeding vibrating screen is arranged at the feeding port of the primary air separation chamber.
10. A tobacco multistage winnowing method is characterized in that: the tobacco is winnowed in the process of being conveyed in a plurality of winnowing chambers connected in parallel through a mesh belt conveyor; the tobacco with higher density separated from the previous stage air separation chamber enters the next stage air separation chamber for continuous air separation, the air speed in the next stage air separation chamber is higher than that in the previous stage air separation chamber, and the suspension air speed of each stage of air separation chamber is always lower than that of the unqualified product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010332411.6A CN111449269A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Tobacco multistage winnowing method and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010332411.6A CN111449269A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Tobacco multistage winnowing method and system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111449269A true CN111449269A (en) | 2020-07-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010332411.6A Pending CN111449269A (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2020-04-24 | Tobacco multistage winnowing method and system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009827A (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2022-02-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Full-automatic tobacco shred structure online detection device |
-
2020
- 2020-04-24 CN CN202010332411.6A patent/CN111449269A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009827A (en) * | 2021-11-14 | 2022-02-08 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Full-automatic tobacco shred structure online detection device |
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