CN111442657A - Low-pressure vacuum condenser - Google Patents
Low-pressure vacuum condenser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111442657A CN111442657A CN202010289821.7A CN202010289821A CN111442657A CN 111442657 A CN111442657 A CN 111442657A CN 202010289821 A CN202010289821 A CN 202010289821A CN 111442657 A CN111442657 A CN 111442657A
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- Prior art keywords
- shell
- tube bundle
- pass
- tube
- shell pass
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/08—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for collecting and removing condensate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
- F28B9/00—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices
- F28B9/10—Auxiliary systems, arrangements, or devices for extracting, cooling, and removing non-condensable gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/08—Tubular elements crimped or corrugated in longitudinal section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/24—Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A low-pressure vacuum condenser mainly comprises a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle arranged in the shell, wherein tube boxes are arranged at two ends of the shell, a pass-dividing partition plate longitudinally arranged in the shell divides a tube bundle shell pass into an upper shell pass structure and a lower shell pass structure, and through holes are formed in two ends of the pass-dividing partition plate to communicate the upper shell pass with the lower shell pass; the tube bundle in the upper shell pass adopts square tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts special-shaped baffling rods to baffle; the tube bundle in the lower shell pass adopts regular triangle tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling. The invention combines the different tube bundle heat exchange tube arrangements of the upper shell pass and the lower shell pass with the tube bundle supporting method, thereby not only reducing the shell pass fluid resistance drop of the heat exchanger and the tube bundle vibration possibility, but also giving consideration to the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger and improving the equipment compactness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-pressure vacuum dividing wall condensation heat transfer, and particularly relates to a low-pressure vacuum condenser.
Background
The existing low-pressure vacuum dividing wall condensation heat transfer technology mostly adopts a single shell pass structure or a single external flow guide structure and shell pass cooling technology. When the split-range condensation technology is adopted, the arrangement modes of the tube bundle heat exchange tubes are the same, and the tube bundle baffling modes are baffling by baffle plates. When the single-shell-pass condensation technology is adopted, the shell-pass non-condensable gas and the condensed liquid are not fully separated, the condensation efficiency is low, the amount of liquid in the non-condensable gas is large, and the like. When the existing split-pass condensation technology is adopted, the defects of large shell pass resistance reduction of equipment, high vibration frequency of the tube bundle and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-pressure vacuum condenser, which gives consideration to both the condensation resistance and the heat transfer efficiency of shell-side fluid and simultaneously reduces the vibration frequency of a tube bundle to a very low level.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-pressure vacuum condenser mainly comprises a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle arranged in the shell, wherein tube boxes are arranged at two ends of the shell, a pass-dividing partition plate longitudinally arranged in the shell divides a tube bundle shell pass into an upper shell pass structure and a lower shell pass structure, and through holes are formed in two ends of the pass-dividing partition plate to communicate the upper shell pass with the lower shell pass; the tube bundle in the upper shell pass adopts square tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts special-shaped baffling rods to baffle; the tube bundle in the lower shell pass adopts regular triangle tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling.
The middle part of the shell is provided with a middle outer guide cylinder which is coaxial with the shell, and the upper part of the shell is provided with a shell pass fluid inlet; the middle outer guide cylinder is coaxially provided with a middle inner distribution cylinder and is communicated with the upper shell side through the middle inner distribution cylinder; the middle part outer guide cylinder and the middle part inner distribution cylinder are divided into two independent parts by a longitudinal clapboard.
The special-shaped deflecting rod is of a segmental structure, and the deflecting rod is longitudinally or transversely uniformly distributed on the segmental support ring and arranged at intervals.
The special-shaped baffle plate is of a round-segment-shaped structure, the lower part of the baffle plate is not provided with a pipe distribution region, and a diversion hole is formed in a heat exchange pipe bridge region of the pipe distribution region.
The invention is horizontally arranged, the shell pass adopts an upper shell pass structure and a lower shell pass structure, wherein the tube bundle in the upper shell pass adopts square tube arrangement, and the tube bundle in the upper shell pass is baffled by adopting a special-shaped baffling rod; the lower shell pass tube bundle adopts triangular tube arrangement, and the lower shell pass tube bundle baffling mode adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling. The arrangement of different tube bundle heat exchange tubes of the upper shell pass and the lower shell pass is combined with a tube bundle supporting method, so that the shell pass fluid resistance of the heat exchanger can be reduced, the possibility of tube bundle vibration can be reduced, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger can be considered, and the compactness of equipment can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic shell-side cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a middle draft tube of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a special-shaped rod baffle according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another modified rod baffle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a shaped baffle of the present invention;
reference numerals: a front header 1; a housing 2; the middle part is internally provided with a distribution barrel 3; a rear header 4; a support 5; a tube side exhaust port 6; a special-shaped baffle rod 7; a shell-side fluid inlet 8; a middle outer draft tube 9; a heat transfer tube bundle 10; a tube-side fluid outlet 11; a tube pass drain port 12; a shaped baffle 13; a shell-side condensate outlet 14; a tube-side fluid outlet 15; a longitudinal partition 16; a pass partition 17; a shell side noncondensable gas outlet 18; a heat exchange pipe 19; a segment-shaped support ring 20; a round rod baffle 21; a diversion hole 22; heat exchanger tube apertures 23.
Detailed Description
The invention and its advantages will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a low pressure vacuum condenser includes a front header 1, a shell 2, a rear header 4, a heat transfer tube bundle 10, and supports 5. The front tube box 1 and the rear tube box 4 are hermetically connected with tube plates at two ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 10, the shell 2 is hermetically connected with the tube plates at two ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 10, and the heat transfer tube bundle 10 is wrapped in the shell 2; the support 5 supports the entire condenser, which is arranged horizontally. According to the invention, cold fluid flows in the heat transfer tube bundle, hot fluid flows out of the heat transfer tube bundle, the hot fluid transfers heat with the dividing wall of the cold fluid, and after heat exchange, the hot fluid is condensed into liquid and a small amount of non-condensable gas is separated out.
As shown in fig. 2, the tube-side fluid flows into the front tube box 1 from the tube-side fluid inlet 15, then flows into the tube bundle 10 from the front tube box 1, exchanges heat with the shell-side fluid partition wall, flows into the rear tube box 4, and flows out from the tube-side fluid outlet 11, the tube-side exhaust port 6 is arranged on the front tube box 1, and the tube-side liquid outlet 12 is arranged on the rear tube box 4.
As shown in fig. 3, a pass-dividing partition 17 longitudinally arranged in the shell 2 divides the shell side of the tube bundle into an upper shell side and a lower shell side, and through holes are formed at two ends of the pass-dividing partition 17 to communicate the upper shell side with the lower shell side; the tube bundle in the upper shell pass adopts square tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts special-shaped baffling rods to baffle; the tube bundle in the lower shell pass adopts regular triangle tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling.
The shell pass of the invention adopts a two-shell pass structure of an upper shell pass and a lower shell pass, so that the upper shell tube bundle is used for condensing most of low-pressure vacuum fluid of the shell pass, most of fluid resistance is also concentrated at the shell pass, and the vibration of the tube bundle is more severe. The baffle rods are used in the area for baffling, so that the fluid resistance can be effectively reduced, and the possibility of vibration of the tube bundle is greatly reduced. The shell side tube bundle at the upper part adopts the square tube arrangement, so that the baffling condition of a baffling rod can be met, and meanwhile, the square tube arrangement also reduces the fluid flow velocity in the region, thereby reducing the fluid flow velocity and reducing the vibration frequency of the tube bundle.
The lower shell tube bundle is used for secondary condensation of a small part of uncondensed shell-side fluid, and the flow velocity of the fluid in the region is low, the fluid resistance is small, so that the heat transfer area is increased by using the smallest space as possible. The lower shell pass tube bundle adopts regular triangle tube arrangement, and the space of the lower shell pass is utilized as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area. The shell pass tube bundle at the lower part adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling, and the special-shaped baffle plate is arranged at a large interval, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the condenser is reduced, and pressure drop, heat transfer and vibration are taken into consideration.
The upper shell tube bundle and the lower shell tube bundle adopt two different tube distribution modes and baffling support modes, the characteristics of shell pass low-pressure vacuum gas condensation are fully considered, the harsh resistance drop requirement is met, the heat transfer efficiency of the condenser is fully considered, and meanwhile, the tube bundle vibration frequency is reduced to a very low level.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a middle outer guide cylinder 9 coaxial with the shell 2 is arranged in the middle of the shell, and a shell-side fluid inlet 8 is arranged at the upper part of the shell; the middle inner distributing cylinder 3 is coaxially arranged in the middle outer guide cylinder 9 and is connected with the shell or can be a part of the shell and used for preventing the shell-side fluid from impacting, guiding and uniformly distributing the fluid. The middle outer guide cylinder 9 is communicated with the upper shell pass through the middle inner distribution cylinder 3; the middle part outer guide cylinder 9 and the middle part inner distribution cylinder 3 are divided into two independent parts by a longitudinal partition plate 16, and the longitudinal partition plate is positioned at the shell pass branch position and used for separating shell pass inlet fluid and condensed condensate and non-condensable gas.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to ensure the process performance of the condenser, a shell-side condensate outlet 14 is formed at the lower part of the middle outer draft tube 9; and a shell-side non-condensable gas outlet 18 is formed in the middle outer guide cylinder 9 at the lower part of the longitudinal partition plate 14.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the special-shaped deflecting rods are in a segmental structure, and the deflecting rods 21 are uniformly distributed on the segmental support ring 21 and are arranged at intervals. The circular support ring 21 corresponds to the shape of the upper shell pass section, and every four rods of the baffling circular rods which are longitudinally or transversely arranged at intervals form a group of heat exchange tube bundles to form clamping support and baffling.
The special-shaped baffle plate is of a round segmental structure, the lower part of the baffle plate is not provided with a pipe distribution area, and a diversion hole 22 is formed in a heat exchange pipe bridge area of the pipe distribution area. The lower edge of the special-shaped baffle plate corresponds to the shape of the cross section of the shell pass. The lower part does not have the regional division of stringing and flows the drainage of the liquid phase of condensation out of shell side, and the regional heat exchange tube bridge of stringing is regional to be opened the guiding hole and is had baffling reinforcing heat transfer effect promptly, has the guiding effect again, and this type baffling board forms the full support to lower part shell side heat exchange tube simultaneously, greatly reduced the vibration of lower part shell side heat exchange tube.
In order to improve the heat transfer performance of the condenser, the heat exchange tubes 19 of the heat transfer tube bundle 10 are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an outer draft tube 9 is disposed in the middle of the casing 2, and an inner distribution tube 3 is disposed in the outer draft tube 9. The shell pass fluid firstly enters an outer guide cylinder 9 through a shell pass fluid inlet 8, the shell pass fluid firstly flows to an inner distribution cylinder 3, after being blocked and scoured, the shell pass fluid is diffused and decelerated in the outer guide cylinder 9, the end part of the inner distribution cylinder 3 in the shell pass fluid is not provided with holes, the shell pass fluid is uniformly distributed through distribution holes of the inner distribution cylinder 3 and then enters a tube bundle 20, the shell bundle 20 exchanges heat with a tube pass fluid partition wall for condensation, most of the fluid is condensed through a first shell pass, the condensed fluid flows into a second shell pass through the holes at two ends of a tube bundle shell pass longitudinal partition plate 17, the condensed fluid exchanges heat with the tube pass fluid partition wall in the second shell pass and is condensed again, the condensed non-condensable gas and the condensed liquid enter the outer guide cylinder 9 in the middle of the shell again, the non-condensable gas flows out of the device through a shell pass non-condensable gas outlet 18, and the. The two shell-side fluids are separated inside the outer draft tube 9 by an outer draft tube longitudinal partition 16.
The upper and lower shell passes of the condenser adopt different tube distribution modes and different baffling support modes, pressure drop and heat transfer of low-pressure vacuum fluid of the shell passes are considered, sufficient separation of noncondensable gas and condensate is guaranteed, meanwhile, the vibration frequency of the tube bundle is reduced as much as possible, the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved, and the equipment cost and the occupied area are reduced.
Claims (6)
1. A low-pressure vacuum condenser mainly comprises a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle arranged in the shell, and tube boxes arranged at two ends of the shell, and is characterized in that a pass-dividing partition plate (17) longitudinally arranged in the shell (2) divides a tube bundle shell pass into an upper shell pass structure and a lower shell pass structure, and through holes are formed at two ends of the pass-dividing partition plate (17) to communicate the upper shell pass with the lower shell pass; the tube bundle in the upper shell pass adopts square tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts special-shaped baffling rods to baffle; the tube bundle in the lower shell pass adopts regular triangle tube arrangement, and the tube bundle baffling mode adopts a special-shaped baffle plate for baffling.
2. A low-pressure vacuum condenser as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the housing (2) is provided in its middle with a middle outer guide cylinder (9) coaxial therewith and in its upper part with a shell-side fluid inlet (8); the middle inner distribution barrel (3) is coaxially arranged in the middle outer guide barrel (9), and the middle outer guide barrel (9) is communicated with the upper shell pass through the middle inner distribution barrel (3); the middle part outer guide cylinder (9) and the middle part inner distribution cylinder (3) are divided into two independent parts by a longitudinal clapboard (16).
3. The low-pressure vacuum condenser as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower part of the middle outer draft tube (9) is provided with a shell-side condensate outlet (14); and a shell-side noncondensable gas outlet (18) is formed in the middle outer guide cylinder (9) at the lower part of the longitudinal partition plate (14).
4. The low-pressure vacuum condenser as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shaped baffle rods are of a segmental structure, and the baffle rods are distributed on the segmental support ring (21) longitudinally or transversely and are arranged at intervals.
5. A low pressure vacuum condenser as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the special-shaped baffle plate is of a segmental structure, the lower part of the baffle plate is not provided with a pipe distribution region, and a diversion hole (22) is formed in a heat exchange pipe bridge region of the pipe distribution region.
6. A low-pressure vacuum condenser as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the heat exchange tubes (19) of the heat transfer tube bundle (10) are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010289821.7A CN111442657A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Low-pressure vacuum condenser |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010289821.7A CN111442657A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Low-pressure vacuum condenser |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111442657A true CN111442657A (en) | 2020-07-24 |
Family
ID=71651832
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010289821.7A Pending CN111442657A (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2020-04-14 | Low-pressure vacuum condenser |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111442657A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117287997A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-26 | 连云港江海机械设备制造有限公司 | High-efficient heat transfer condenser device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA298460A (en) * | 1930-03-18 | Francis Kirgan John | Surface condenser | |
| CN101349514A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2009-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Internal and external fins intubatton type high temperature heat exchanger |
| CN202101595U (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-01-04 | 华东理工大学 | Longitudinal flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN202692806U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-01-23 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Tube-shell type heat exchanger |
| CN210180200U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Condenser |
| CN212378536U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-01-19 | 上海蓝滨石化设备有限责任公司 | Low-pressure vacuum condenser |
-
2020
- 2020-04-14 CN CN202010289821.7A patent/CN111442657A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA298460A (en) * | 1930-03-18 | Francis Kirgan John | Surface condenser | |
| CN101349514A (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2009-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Internal and external fins intubatton type high temperature heat exchanger |
| CN202101595U (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2012-01-04 | 华东理工大学 | Longitudinal flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger |
| CN202692806U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2013-01-23 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Tube-shell type heat exchanger |
| CN210180200U (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Condenser |
| CN212378536U (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2021-01-19 | 上海蓝滨石化设备有限责任公司 | Low-pressure vacuum condenser |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117287997A (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2023-12-26 | 连云港江海机械设备制造有限公司 | High-efficient heat transfer condenser device |
| CN117287997B (en) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-06-11 | 连云港江海机械设备制造有限公司 | High-efficient heat transfer condenser device |
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