CN111442652A - Method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas - Google Patents

Method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas Download PDF

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CN111442652A
CN111442652A CN202010313049.8A CN202010313049A CN111442652A CN 111442652 A CN111442652 A CN 111442652A CN 202010313049 A CN202010313049 A CN 202010313049A CN 111442652 A CN111442652 A CN 111442652A
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flue gas
sintering
temperature
power generation
ultralow emission
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陈东峰
李帮平
李小静
张晓萍
熊德怀
武轶
朱贺民
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Maanshan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/54Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/56Nitrogen oxides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/81Solid phase processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8621Removing nitrogen compounds
    • B01D53/8625Nitrogen oxides
    • B01D53/8628Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/008Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases cleaning gases
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/025Other waste gases from metallurgy plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283Flue gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F27D2017/006Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and introducing low-temperature sintering flue gas in the large cold air flue into a sintering ore cooling system, raising the temperature of the sintering flue gas by using sensible heat of the sintering ore, introducing the raised flue gas into a waste heat power generation system, and discharging the generated flue gas from a chimney through a main exhaust fan after desulfurization and denitrification. The method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas can reduce the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system, increase the waste heat power generation capacity of a sintering machine and have good application prospects.

Description

Method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering production, and particularly relates to a method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas.
Background
The emission limit values of the sintering head smoke, pellet roasting smoke particles, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are changed from 20mg/m3,50mg/m3 and 100mg/m3 to 10mg/m3,35mg/m3 and 50mg/m3 by the ecological environment department, and all steel enterprises with the conditions complete ultra-low emission reconstruction in 2020, 2022 and 2025 respectively. The related experts point out that the ultralow emission modification technology of the smoke of the steel sintering machine head is mature, a technical route taking the integrated process of desulfurization and denitrification of the activated carbon as the core or a technical route taking the ultralow emission technology of a coal-fired power plant as the core are adopted, the technical routes belong to mature technologies, and as long as the design specification and the engineering quality are over, the ultralow emission of the smoke of the steel sintering machine head can be completely realized, and the emission of atmospheric pollutants of steel enterprises can be obviously reduced.
The activated carbon has large operation investment and higher cost for desulfurization and denitrification; the ultra-low emission technology of the thermal power and electric coal-fired power plant generally adopts a wet SNCR + SCR ammonia method for denitration and then desulfurization, the technology does not fully utilize the characteristics of sintering flue gas and the temperature of the sintering flue gas, fuel is needed for preheating the sintering flue gas, and the investment cost and the operation cost are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas, which can reduce the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system and increase the waste heat generating capacity of a sintering machine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas is characterized in that: and introducing low-temperature sintering flue gas in the large cold air flue into a sintering ore cooling system, raising the temperature of the sintering flue gas by using sensible heat of the sintering ore, introducing the raised flue gas into a waste heat power generation system, and discharging the generated flue gas from a chimney through a main exhaust fan after desulfurization and denitrification.
In order to make the technical scheme more detailed and concrete, the invention also provides the following further preferable technical scheme to obtain satisfactory practical effect:
the low-temperature sintering flue gas in the cold air large flue enters an air inlet pipe of a cooling system after being dedusted, and is pressurized by a first booster fan and introduced into the smoke hood.
And the flue gas of the high-temperature smoke hood after being heated by the sensible heat of the sintered ore enters a waste heat power generation system after being dedusted to produce high-pressure steam.
The flue gas of the medium-temperature smoke hood after being heated by the sensible heat of the sintering ore is mixed with the high-temperature sintering flue gas output from the large hot air flue, and the mixed flue gas enters a waste heat power generation system to produce low-pressure steam.
The smoke of the medium-temperature smoke hood is output from an air outlet pipe of the cooling system, dedusted and then enters the waste heat power generation system.
And the flue gas after passing through the waste heat power generation system is pressurized by a booster fan and enters a dry desulfurization system for desulfurization treatment.
And the desulfurized flue gas enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the denitrated flue gas after being pressurized by the booster fan.
The flue gas output by the heat exchanger is heated to 300 ℃ by a pipeline heater and then enters an SCR denitration system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas can reduce the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system, increase the waste heat power generation capacity of a sintering machine and have good application prospects.
Drawings
The contents of the drawings and the reference numerals in the drawings of the present specification will be briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sintering flue gas low emission control system according to the present invention;
labeled as: 1. the device comprises a wind box, 2, a branch pipe, 3, a cold air large flue, 4, a hot air large flue, 5, an electric dust remover, 6, a heat exchanger, 7, a cooling system air inlet pipe, 8, a first booster fan, 9, a smoke hood, 10, a cooling system power generation pipeline, 11, a cooling system air outlet pipeline, 12, a first multi-pipe dust remover, 13, a waste heat power generation system, 14, a second multi-pipe dust remover, 15, a booster fan, 16, a dry desulfurization system, 17, a pipeline heater, 18, an SCR denitration system, 19, a main exhaust fan, 20 and a chimney.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to the method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas, as shown in fig. 1, low-temperature sintering flue gas in a cold air large flue 3 is introduced into a sintering ore cooling system, the temperature of the sintering flue gas is raised by using sensible heat of sintering ore, the heated flue gas is introduced into a waste heat power generation system 13, and the generated flue gas is subjected to desulfurization and denitrification and then is discharged from a chimney 20 through a main exhaust fan 19.
In the invention, low-temperature sintering flue gas in the cold air large flue 3 enters the air inlet pipe 7 of the cooling system after being dedusted, and is pressurized by the first booster fan 8 and introduced into the smoke hood 9. The flue gas of the high-temperature hood after being heated by the sensible heat of the sinter is dedusted by the first multi-tube deduster 12 and then enters the waste heat power generation system 13 to produce high-pressure steam. The medium-temperature smoke hood flue gas after being heated by the sensible heat of the sintering ore is mixed with the high-temperature sintering flue gas output from the hot air large flue 4, and the mixed gas enters the waste heat power generation system 13 to produce low-pressure steam. The smoke of the medium-temperature smoke hood is output from the air outlet pipe 11 of the cooling system, dedusted by the second multi-pipe deduster 14 and then enters the waste heat power generation system 13.
In the invention, the flue gas after passing through the waste heat power generation system 13 is pressurized by the booster fan 15 and enters the dry desulfurization system 16 for desulfurization treatment. The desulfurized flue gas enters the heat exchanger 6 after being pressurized by the booster fan 15 to exchange heat with the denitrated flue gas. The flue gas heated by the heat exchanger and output is heated to 300 ℃ by the pipeline heater 17 and then can be introduced into the SCR denitration system for denitration treatment. The temperature of the sintering flue gas after denitration and the heat exchange of the low-temperature flue gas are reduced to 160-170 ℃, the flue gas is used for heat exchange evaporation of ammonia water of an SCR denitration system, the temperature is reduced to be below 100 ℃, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a main exhaust fan, and the flue gas temperature is high, and the desulfuration and denitration efficiency is high.
The invention utilizes high-temperature flue gas (the average temperature is above 320 ℃ and accounts for 33-38% of the total amount of sintering flue gas) of 7-8 air boxes at the tail part of a large sintering machine, and the flue gas directly enters a waste heat power generation system after being dedusted and is used for waste heat power generation; low-temperature flue gas (the temperature is 80 ℃ and accounts for 67-62% of the total amount of the sintering flue gas) of a low-temperature section air box of the sintering machine enters a sintering ore cooling system, the temperature of the low-temperature sintering flue gas is raised again by utilizing the sensible heat of the sintering ore (the temperature is 700-800 ℃), wherein the flue gas of a high-temperature smoke hood with the temperature of more than 300 ℃ passes through a cooling system power generation pipeline 10 and enters a waste heat power generation system 13 after being dedusted by a first multi-pipe deduster; after the flue gas of the middle temperature fume hood at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ and the sintering flue gas of the high temperature section are mixed and dedusted by the second multi-pipe deduster 14, the mixed flue gas is mixed with the flue gas of the waste heat power generation system 13 again, the temperature of the mixed flue gas is about 100-.
In the invention, an air box 1, a branch pipe 2, a cold air and hot air large flue, a main exhaust fan 19, a smoke hood 9 and a chimney 20 are common sintering production equipment. Equipment such as a dry desulfurization system, a booster fan, a medium-temperature SCR denitration system, a GGH heat exchanger, electric dust removal and the like are common equipment for a sintering flue gas ultra-low emission system.
In the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the flue gas of the high temperature trolley bellows flows through the path: the air box 1 → the branch pipe 2 → the hot air large flue 4 → the second multi-pipe dedusting 14 → the booster fan 15 → the cogeneration system 13 → the dry desulfurization system 16 → the booster fan 15 → the heat exchanger 6 (cold side) → the pipe heater 17 → the SCR denitration system 18 → the heat exchanger 6 (hot side) → the main blower 19 → the chimney 20.
As shown in fig. 1, the low temperature trolley windbox flue gas flow path: the air box 1 → the branch pipe 2 → the large cool air flue 3 → the electric dust removal 5 → the cooling system air inlet pipe 7 → the first booster fan 8 → the hood 9 → the route 1 and the route 2 → the cogeneration system 13 → the booster fan 15 → the dry desulfurization system 16 → the booster fan 15 → the heat exchanger 6 (cold side) → the pipe heater 17 → the SCR denitration system 18 → the cogeneration system 13 → the heat exchanger 6 (hot side) → the main blower 19 → the chimney 20.
Route 1: cooling flue gas in the low temperature section → an air outlet pipe 11 of the cooling system → a second multi-pipe dust removal 14.
Route 2: the high temperature section cools the flue gas → the cooling system power generation pipe 13 → the first multi-pipe dedusting 12.
In the embodiment 1, a 380m2 sintering machine sintering fan 2 × 120 has 120 ten thousand m3/h, the utilization coefficient is 1.23t/m 2. h, a belt cooler fan is 7 × 26 ten thousand m3/h, the material bed thickness is 900mm, the sintering machine air box temperature is shown in the following table, air boxes under each trolley are double-row air boxes (south side and north side), one air box branch pipe under each air box is connected with a large flue to form a double flue, the double-fan is arranged, a recoverable heat air box is a front 3 belt cooler fan, the average temperature of a waste heat power generation system is 385 ℃, the average emission concentrations of SO2 and NOX in the current sintering flue gas are 228mg/Nm3 and 180mg/Nm3 respectively, (SO2 and the current NOX standards are 300mg/Nm3 and 200mg/Nm3), the electricity generation amount of 10.71kWh/t ore at the early stage, a denitration system is not used, and the desulfurization cost is only.
Sintering machine bellows temperature,. degree.C
Figure BDA0002458401050000051
The cooling of the low-temperature sintering flue gas needs the air volume of 200 ten thousand m3/h, the low-temperature sintering air volume is 0.75 of the total sintering air volume, namely 180 ten thousand m3/h, and the supplementary air of 20 ten thousand m3/h can meet the production requirement. The first 5 with cold power generation, the current ton ore power generation amount is 16.02kWh/t ore, the electricity price is 0.5 yuan/kWh, the calculated reduction cost is 2.5 yuan/t ore, the average emission concentrations of NOX and SO2 are 38mg/Nm3 and 18mg/Nm3 respectively, the cost is 15.3 yuan/t ore, the operation cost is reduced by 1.7-4.7 yuan/t ore respectively compared with the activated carbon and dry desulfurization and denitration of the corresponding standard, the sinter return powder is reduced by 0.8%, and the ton ore is reduced by 0.5 yuan. The comprehensive cost of actual ton ore is reduced to 4.7-7.7 yuan per ton ore, calculated by 4.7 yuan, the sintering machine produces 392.62 ten thousand tons of sintered ore annually, and the cost is reduced to about 1845.3 ten thousand yuan.
In the embodiment 2, a 2 × 435m2 sintering machine is provided, a main exhaust fan 2 × 150 of a single sintering machine is 150 ten thousand m3/h, the utilization coefficient is 1.3t/m 2. h, the fans of the belt cooler are 5 × 42 ten thousand m3/h, 26 air boxes of the sintering machine are provided, the average temperature of the first 17 air boxes is 85 ℃, the average temperature of the second 9 air boxes is 325 ℃, one sintering machine adopts active carbon for desulfurization and denitration, the cost is 19.8 yuan/t ore, the first two fans of the belt cooler are used for power generation, the air inlet temperature is 360 ℃, the waste heat power generation amount is 9.6kWh/t ore, the other sintering machine adopts the process technology, the air volume required by sintering belt cooling is 220 ten thousand m3/h, the low-temperature sintering flue gas amount is 196 ten thousand m3/h, 24 ten thousand m3/h of air is needed for cooling, the first 4 fans are used for power generation, the air inlet temperature is 340 ℃, the waste heat power generation amount is 16.2kWh/t ore, the electricity price is 0.5 yuan/kWh, the calculation reduction cost is calculated and the reduction cost is reduced by 2.53 yuan/t ore removal cost, the power generation amount is.
The total reduction cost is 6.96 yuan/t ore, the average emission concentrations of NOX and SO2 are respectively about 35mg/Nm3 and 20mg/Nm3, the sintering machine produces 475.02 million tons of sintered ore annually, and the reduction cost is 3300 million yuan.
The method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas fully utilizes the waste heat of the flue gas of the sintering machine and the sensible heat of the sintering ore, and reduces the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system. The waste heat of the flue gas at the low temperature of 80 ℃ of the sintering machine and the sensible heat of the sintering ore are fully utilized, the power generation by the waste heat of sintering is carried out, and the generated energy is increased by about 5kWh/t ore; the low-temperature flue gas of the sintering machine is used as the flue gas for cooling the sinter, so that the flue gas is recycled, the requirement of the sinter on fresh air is reduced, and the air pollution caused by sintering production is reduced; the sintering flue gas is used for replacing air to cool the sintering ore, CO in the sintering flue gas is combusted to release heat, embrittlement caused by large temperature difference between the high-temperature sintering ore and air is reduced, the yield and the quality of the sintering ore are improved, and the yield is improved by 1%. The cost of the ton of sintered ore is reduced by 4-7 yuan/t ore.
According to the method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas, the investment and the operation cost of the ultralow emission system of the sintering flue gas are reduced by utilizing the sintering waste heat according to the temperature distribution characteristics of the sintering flue gas and the characteristics of a sinter cooling system; the invention fully utilizes the waste heat of the sintering flue gas and the sensible heat of the sintering ore, and reduces the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system; the waste heat generating capacity of the sintering machine is increased, and the quality of the sintered ore is improved.
The method for controlling the ultralow emission of the sintering flue gas can reduce the cost of a sintering flue gas emission reduction system, increase the waste heat power generation capacity of a sintering machine and have good application prospects.
The invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is within the scope of the invention to use various insubstantial modifications of the inventive concept and solutions or to apply them directly to other applications.

Claims (8)

1. A method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas is characterized in that: and introducing low-temperature sintering flue gas in the large cold air flue into a sintering ore cooling system, raising the temperature of the sintering flue gas by using sensible heat of the sintering ore, introducing the raised flue gas into a waste heat power generation system, and discharging the generated flue gas from a chimney through a main exhaust fan after desulfurization and denitrification.
2. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature sintering flue gas in the cold air large flue enters an air inlet pipe of a cooling system after being dedusted, and is pressurized by a first booster fan and introduced into the smoke hood.
3. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 2, wherein: and the flue gas of the high-temperature smoke hood after being heated by the sensible heat of the sintered ore enters a waste heat power generation system after being dedusted to produce high-pressure steam.
4. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 2, wherein: the flue gas of the medium-temperature smoke hood after being heated by the sensible heat of the sintering ore is mixed with the high-temperature sintering flue gas output from the large hot air flue, and the mixed flue gas enters a waste heat power generation system to produce low-pressure steam.
5. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 4, wherein: the smoke of the medium-temperature smoke hood is output from an air outlet pipe of the cooling system, dedusted and then enters the waste heat power generation system.
6. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering fumes according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: and the flue gas after passing through the waste heat power generation system is pressurized by a booster fan and enters a dry desulfurization system for desulfurization treatment.
7. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 6, wherein: and the desulfurized flue gas enters the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the denitrated flue gas after being pressurized by the booster fan.
8. The method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas according to claim 7, wherein: the flue gas heated by the heat exchanger and output is heated by the pipeline heater and then enters the SCR denitration system.
CN202010313049.8A 2020-04-20 2020-04-20 Method for controlling ultralow emission of sintering flue gas Pending CN111442652A (en)

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