CN111442255A - System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat - Google Patents

System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111442255A
CN111442255A CN202010355514.4A CN202010355514A CN111442255A CN 111442255 A CN111442255 A CN 111442255A CN 202010355514 A CN202010355514 A CN 202010355514A CN 111442255 A CN111442255 A CN 111442255A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
primary air
heat exchanger
bypass
cold
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CN202010355514.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
于帅
庞龙
董雅翠
褚晓亮
郝丽娜
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Jiangsu Huifeng Renhe Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Beijing Huifengrenhe Technology Share Co ltd
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Jiangsu Huifeng Renhe Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Beijing Huifengrenhe Technology Share Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010355514.4A priority Critical patent/CN111442255A/en
Publication of CN111442255A publication Critical patent/CN111442255A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/36Water and air preheating systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/02Arrangements of feed-water pumps
    • F22D11/06Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat, and the system for heating the primary air and the condensed water by using the bypass heat comprises a three-compartment air preheater, wherein the three-compartment air preheater comprises a primary air compartment, a secondary air compartment and a flue gas compartment which are communicated with each other; the boiler hot flue gas inlet is respectively connected with the hot flue gas main path and the hot flue gas bypass; a method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat is characterized in that boiler hot flue gas entering a hot flue gas bypass flows through a bypass flue damper, a feed water heat exchanger, a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater, a condensed water heat exchanger and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater in sequence to release heat and then is changed into bypass cold flue gas, and the bypass cold flue gas flows out through a cold flue gas bypass. The invention realizes the simultaneous heating of the cold primary air and the cold secondary air, the condensate heat exchanger realizes the heating of the condensate, the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is higher, and the problem of large resistance of the air preheater with three compartments is solved.

Description

System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for heating primary air and condensed water, in particular to a system and a method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat, and belongs to the technical field of coal-fired boilers.
Background
The air preheater is one of the important systems of the pulverized coal fired boiler, and plays the roles of reducing the exhaust gas temperature, improving the temperature of air for combustion, enabling fuel to easily catch fire, enabling combustion to be stable and improving the combustion efficiency. The air preheater mainly comprises a trisection bin and a shell-and-tube type. At present, over 90 percent of coal-fired boilers of power stations adopt three-bin air preheaters, and hot flue gas, primary air and secondary air respectively circulate in three bins. For triple bin air preheaters, two significant problems have long not been solved: on one hand, the air leakage rate of the three-bin air preheater is high, the air leakage rate from the primary air bin to the secondary air bin is about 12%, the air leakage rate from the secondary air bin to the flue gas bin is about 4%, the air leakage rate from the secondary air bin to the primary air bin is about 8%, and the air leakage rate of the whole three-bin air preheater is about 8%; on the other hand, the three-bin air preheater has large resistance and high coal consumption; meanwhile, the current mainstream smoke waste heat utilization scheme is that a heat exchanger is arranged in a flue behind an air preheater to recover smoke waste heat, and the recovered smoke heat can only return to a low-pressure heater of a steam turbine because the smoke temperature at the position is about 100-150 ℃, so that the heat quality is low. Therefore, at present, no more scientific system and method for heating cold primary air and condensed water exist, and the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a system for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat comprises a three-bin air preheater, a boiler hot flue gas inlet, a condensed water heat exchanger and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater; the three-bin air preheater comprises a primary air bin, a secondary air bin and a flue gas bin which are communicated with each other; the inlet ends of the primary air chamber and the secondary air chamber are respectively connected with a cold secondary air inlet through pipelines, and the outlet ends of the primary air chamber and the secondary air chamber are respectively connected with a hot secondary air outlet through pipelines;
the boiler hot flue gas inlet is respectively connected with the hot flue gas main path and the hot flue gas bypass; the hot flue gas inlet of the boiler is connected with the inlet of the flue gas bin through the hot flue gas main path; the outlet of the flue gas chamber is provided with a cold flue gas main path;
the boiler hot flue gas inlet is connected with the feed water heat exchanger through a hot flue gas bypass; the water supply heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater through the condensed water heat exchanger; a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger is arranged between the feed water heat exchanger and the condensed water heat exchanger; a cold flue gas bypass is arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater;
one end of the water supply heat exchanger is connected with a water supply port through a pipeline, and the other end of the water supply heat exchanger is connected with a boiler economizer;
one end of the condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the condensed water inlet through a pipeline, and the other end of the condensed water heat exchanger is connected with the condensed water outlet through a pipeline;
one end of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater is connected with the cold primary air inlet through a pipeline, and the other end of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater is connected with the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger through an intermediate primary air pipeline; the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger is connected with the hearth through a pipeline.
Furthermore, a bypass flue damper for adjusting the temperature is arranged on a hot flue gas bypass between the boiler hot flue gas inlet and the feed water heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the cold flue gas bypass and the cold flue gas main path are converged and then communicated with a subsequent flue gas treatment device of the boiler.
A method of heating a primary air and condensate system using bypass heat, the method of operation comprising the steps of:
cold secondary air enters a primary air bin chamber and a secondary air bin chamber of the three-bin air preheater through a cold secondary air inlet respectively for heating, and the heated cold secondary air is converged and then flows out through a hot secondary air outlet;
boiler hot flue gas enters a hot flue gas main path and a hot flue gas bypass respectively through a boiler hot flue gas inlet; the hot flue gas of the boiler enters the flue gas chamber through the main flue gas path to release heat, the hot flue gas of the boiler after releasing heat becomes cold flue gas of the main path, the cold flue gas of the main path flows out through the main flue gas path of the cold flue gas;
the boiler hot flue gas entering the hot flue gas bypass flows through a bypass flue damper, a feed water heat exchanger, a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater, a condensed water heat exchanger and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater in sequence to release heat and then becomes bypass cold flue gas, and the bypass cold flue gas flows out through a cold flue gas bypass; the bypass flue damper is used for adjusting the amount of flue gas entering the water supply heat exchanger, the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger, the condensed water heat exchanger and the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger;
feed water enters the feed water heat exchanger through the water feeding port to absorb heat and then enters the boiler economizer;
condensed water enters the condensed water heat exchanger through the condensed water inlet to absorb heat and then is changed into hot condensed water, and then the hot condensed water flows out through the condensed water outlet;
the cold primary air firstly flows through the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger through the cold primary air inlet to absorb heat and then is changed into intermediate primary air, and the intermediate primary air continuously flows through the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger through an intermediate primary air pipeline to be heated and then is sent into a hearth;
and the main path cold flue gas in the cold flue gas main path and the bypass cold flue gas in the cold flue gas bypass path are converged and then enter a boiler subsequent flue gas treatment device for subsequent treatment.
According to the invention, by adopting the system for simultaneously heating the cold primary air and the condensed water, the cold primary air and the cold secondary air are simultaneously heated, the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is improved, the condensed water is heated by the condensed water heat exchanger, the quality of the recovered heat of the flue gas is high, the air leakage rate of the shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger is low, and the air leakage problem of the air preheater with three bins is reduced; meanwhile, the smoke amount passing through the three-bin air preheater is reduced, so that the problem of large resistance of the three-bin air preheater is solved, and the coal consumption is reduced. In addition, the design structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the system can be widely applied to systems which need to heat primary air and condensed water by utilizing bypass heat.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the system components of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a three-compartment air preheater; 2. a primary air plenum; 3. a secondary air chamber; 4. a flue gas chamber; 5. a cold secondary air inlet; 6. a hot secondary air outlet; 7. a boiler hot flue gas inlet; 8. a hot flue gas main path; 9. a hot flue gas bypass; 10. a cold flue gas main path; 11. a bypass flue damper; 12. a water supply port; 13. a feedwater heat exchanger; 14. a boiler economizer; 15. a cold primary air inlet; 16. a middle primary air pipeline; 17. a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger; 18. a hearth; 19. a condensed water inlet; 20. a condensate heat exchanger; 21. a condensed water outlet; 22. a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger; 23. a cold flue gas bypass; 24. boiler follow-up flue gas processing apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat comprises a three-compartment air preheater 1, a boiler hot flue gas inlet 7, a condensed water heat exchanger 20 and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 22; the air preheater 1 comprises a primary air chamber 2, a secondary air chamber 3 and a flue gas chamber 4 which are communicated with each other; the primary air bin 2, the secondary air bin 3 and the flue gas bin 4 are communicated with each other, so that the air leakage problem of the air preheater 1 with three bins is reduced; the inlet ends of the primary air chamber 2 and the secondary air chamber 3 are respectively connected with a cold secondary air inlet 5 through pipelines, and the outlet ends are respectively connected with a hot secondary air outlet 6 through pipelines;
the boiler hot flue gas inlet 7 is respectively connected with a hot flue gas main path 8 and a hot flue gas bypass 9; the boiler hot flue gas inlet 7 is connected with the inlet of the flue gas chamber 4 through a hot flue gas main path 8; the outlet of the flue gas chamber 4 is provided with a cold flue gas main path 10; by arranging the hot flue gas bypass 9, the utilization rate of the flue gas heat is improved, and the quality of the recovered flue gas heat is high; and because the flue gas volume through three air preheater in minute storehouse reduces, solved three big problems of storehouse air preheater 1 resistances, reduced the coal consumption.
The boiler hot flue gas inlet 7 is connected with a feed water heat exchanger 13 through a hot flue gas bypass 9; the feed water heat exchanger 13 is connected with a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 22 through a condensed water heat exchanger 20; a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 17 is arranged between the feed water heat exchanger 13 and the condensed water heat exchanger 20; a cold flue gas bypass 23 is arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 22;
one end of the feed water heat exchanger 13 is connected with the feed water port 12 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected with the boiler economizer 14;
one end of the condensed water heat exchanger 20 is connected with a condensed water inlet 19 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected with a condensed water outlet 21 through a pipeline;
one end of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 22 is connected with the cold primary air inlet 15 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected with the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 17 through the middle primary air pipeline 16; the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 17 is connected with the hearth 18 through a pipeline.
A bypass flue damper 11 for adjusting temperature is arranged on a hot flue gas bypass 9 between the boiler hot flue gas inlet 7 and the feed water heat exchanger 13.
The cold flue gas bypass 23 and the cold flue gas main path 10 are converged and then communicated with a subsequent flue gas treatment device 24 of the boiler.
A method of heating a primary air and condensate system using bypass heat, the method of operation comprising the steps of:
cold secondary air enters a primary air bin 2 and a secondary air bin 3 of the three-bin air preheater 1 through a cold secondary air inlet 5 to be heated, and the heated cold secondary air is converged and then flows out through a hot secondary air outlet 6; because the smoke volume through the trisection bin air preheater 1 is reduced, the problem of large resistance of the trisection bin air preheater 1 is solved, and the coal consumption is reduced.
The cold primary air firstly flows through the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 22 through the cold primary air inlet 15 to absorb heat and then is changed into intermediate primary air, and the intermediate primary air continuously flows through the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 17 through the intermediate primary air pipeline 16 to be heated and then is sent into the hearth 18; meanwhile, the cold primary air and the cold secondary air are heated, so that the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is improved.
Boiler hot flue gas enters a hot flue gas main path 8 and a hot flue gas bypass 9 through a boiler hot flue gas inlet 7 respectively; the hot flue gas of the boiler enters the flue gas chamber 4 through the flue gas main path 8 to release heat, the hot flue gas of the boiler after releasing heat becomes the cold flue gas of the main path, the cold flue gas of the main path flows out through the cold flue gas main path 10;
the boiler hot flue gas entering the hot flue gas bypass 9 flows through a bypass flue damper 11, a water supply heat exchanger 13, a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 17, a condensed water heat exchanger 20 and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater 22 in sequence to release heat and then becomes bypass cold flue gas, and the bypass cold flue gas flows out through a cold flue gas bypass 23; the bypass flue damper 11 is used for adjusting the amount of flue gas entering the feed water heat exchanger 13, the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 17, the condensed water heat exchanger 20 and the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger 22; the shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger has lower air leakage rate, improves the utilization rate of the flue gas heat, and has high quality of the recovered flue gas heat.
Feed water enters a feed water heat exchanger 13 through a feed water port 12 to absorb heat and then enters a boiler economizer 14;
the condensed water enters the condensed water heat exchanger 20 through the condensed water inlet 19 to absorb heat and then is changed into hot condensed water, and then the hot condensed water flows out through the condensed water outlet 21; the condensed water is heated by the condensed water heat exchanger 20, and the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is improved.
The main path cold flue gas in the cold flue gas main path 10 and the bypass cold flue gas in the cold flue gas bypass 23 are merged and then enter a boiler subsequent flue gas treatment device 24 for subsequent treatment.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make variations, modifications, additions or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a system for utilize bypass heat heating primary air and condensate water, includes three branch storehouse air heater (1), its characterized in that: the boiler also comprises a boiler hot flue gas inlet (7), a condensed water heat exchanger (20) and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (22); the three-bin air preheater (1) comprises a primary air bin (2), a secondary air bin (3) and a flue gas bin (4), and the primary air bin, the secondary air bin and the flue gas bin are communicated with each other; the inlet ends of the primary air bin (2) and the secondary air bin (3) are respectively connected with a cold secondary air inlet (5) through pipelines, and the outlet ends of the primary air bin and the secondary air bin are respectively connected with a hot secondary air outlet (6) through pipelines;
the boiler hot flue gas inlet (7) is respectively connected with a hot flue gas main path (8) and a hot flue gas bypass (9); the boiler hot flue gas inlet (7) is connected with the inlet of the flue gas chamber (4) through a hot flue gas main path (8); a cold flue gas main path (10) is arranged at an outlet of the flue gas chamber (4);
the boiler hot flue gas inlet (7) is connected with a water supply heat exchanger (13) through a hot flue gas bypass (9); the water supply heat exchanger (13) is connected with a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (22) through a condensed water heat exchanger (20); a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (17) is arranged between the feed water heat exchanger (13) and the condensed water heat exchanger (20); a cold flue gas bypass (23) is arranged at the outlet of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (22);
one end of the feed water heat exchanger (13) is connected with the feed water port (12) through a pipeline, and the other end of the feed water heat exchanger is connected with the boiler economizer (14);
one end of the condensed water heat exchanger (20) is connected with a condensed water inlet (19) through a pipeline, and the other end of the condensed water heat exchanger is connected with a condensed water outlet (21) through a pipeline;
one end of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (22) is connected with the cold primary air inlet (15) through a pipeline, and the other end of the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater is connected with the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (17) through an intermediate primary air pipeline (16); the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (17) is connected with the hearth (18) through a pipeline.
2. The system for heating primary air and condensate using bypass heat as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a bypass flue damper (11) for adjusting the temperature is arranged on a hot flue gas bypass (9) between the boiler hot flue gas inlet (7) and the feed water heat exchanger (13).
3. The system for heating primary air and condensate using bypass heat as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cold flue gas bypass (23) is communicated with the boiler subsequent flue gas treatment device (24) after being converged with the cold flue gas main path (10).
4. A method of heating a primary air and condensate system using bypass heat as recited in claim 1, wherein: the operating method comprises the following steps:
cold secondary air respectively enters a primary air chamber (2) and a secondary air chamber (3) of the three-chamber air preheater (1) through a cold secondary air inlet (5) for heating, and the heated cold secondary air is converged and then flows out through a hot secondary air outlet (6);
boiler hot flue gas enters a hot flue gas main path (8) and a hot flue gas bypass path (9) through a boiler hot flue gas inlet (7) respectively; the hot boiler flue gas enters the flue gas chamber (4) through the flue gas main path (8) to release heat, the hot boiler flue gas after heat release becomes main path cold flue gas, and the main path cold flue gas flows out through the cold flue gas main path (10);
boiler hot flue gas entering a hot flue gas bypass (9) flows through a bypass flue damper (11), a water supply heat exchanger (13), a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (17), a condensed water heat exchanger (20) and a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heater (22) in sequence to release heat and then is changed into bypass cold flue gas, and the bypass cold flue gas flows out through a cold flue gas bypass (23); the bypass flue damper (11) is used for adjusting the amount of flue gas entering the water supply heat exchanger (13), the high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (17), the condensed water heat exchanger (20) and the low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (22);
feed water enters a feed water heat exchanger (13) through a feed water port (12) to absorb heat and then enters a boiler economizer (14);
condensed water enters the condensed water heat exchanger (20) through the condensed water inlet (19) to absorb heat and then is changed into hot condensed water, and then the hot condensed water flows out through the condensed water outlet (21);
the cold primary air firstly flows through a low-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (22) through a cold primary air inlet (15) to absorb heat and then is changed into intermediate primary air, and the intermediate primary air continuously flows through a high-temperature shell-and-tube primary air heat exchanger (17) through an intermediate primary air pipeline (16) to be heated and then is sent into a hearth (18);
the main path cold flue gas in the cold flue gas main path (10) and the bypass cold flue gas in the cold flue gas bypass (23) are converged and then enter a boiler subsequent flue gas treatment device (24) for subsequent treatment.
CN202010355514.4A 2020-04-29 2020-04-29 System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat Withdrawn CN111442255A (en)

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CN202010355514.4A CN111442255A (en) 2020-04-29 2020-04-29 System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010355514.4A CN111442255A (en) 2020-04-29 2020-04-29 System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009192202A (en) * 2008-02-18 2009-08-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Rotating heat storage type air preheater for marine boiler
CN107654995A (en) * 2017-08-11 2018-02-02 北京慧峰仁和科技股份有限公司 Three points of storehouse air preheater gas bypass heat First airs and the method for feedwater
CN207035071U (en) * 2017-08-11 2018-02-23 北京慧峰仁和科技股份有限公司 Three points of storehouse air preheater gas bypass heat First airs and the system of feedwater
CN109668165A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-04-23 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 Hot Secondary Air and smoke waste heat utilization system and thermal power generation unit
CN110207144A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-06 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Air preheat and smoke waste heat utilization system and control method based on level-density parameter
CN110726150A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-01-24 江苏慧峰仁和环保科技有限公司 System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009192202A (en) * 2008-02-18 2009-08-27 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Rotating heat storage type air preheater for marine boiler
CN107654995A (en) * 2017-08-11 2018-02-02 北京慧峰仁和科技股份有限公司 Three points of storehouse air preheater gas bypass heat First airs and the method for feedwater
CN207035071U (en) * 2017-08-11 2018-02-23 北京慧峰仁和科技股份有限公司 Three points of storehouse air preheater gas bypass heat First airs and the system of feedwater
CN109668165A (en) * 2019-02-12 2019-04-23 中国电力工程顾问集团华东电力设计院有限公司 Hot Secondary Air and smoke waste heat utilization system and thermal power generation unit
CN110207144A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-09-06 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 Air preheat and smoke waste heat utilization system and control method based on level-density parameter
CN110726150A (en) * 2019-11-08 2020-01-24 江苏慧峰仁和环保科技有限公司 System and method for heating primary air and condensed water by using bypass heat

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