CN111441365A - Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method - Google Patents

Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111441365A
CN111441365A CN202010313261.4A CN202010313261A CN111441365A CN 111441365 A CN111441365 A CN 111441365A CN 202010313261 A CN202010313261 A CN 202010313261A CN 111441365 A CN111441365 A CN 111441365A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
steel
support
supporting row
combined
diagonal bracing
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Pending
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CN202010313261.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘洪刚
庄小杰
金晓飞
吕善勇
赵艳波
崔婧瑞
李文奇
栾小旭
陈烈
崔延珑
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China Construction First Group Corp Ltd
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China Construction First Group Corp Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by China Construction First Group Corp Ltd filed Critical China Construction First Group Corp Ltd
Priority to CN202010313261.4A priority Critical patent/CN111441365A/en
Publication of CN111441365A publication Critical patent/CN111441365A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/02Foundation pits
    • E02D17/04Bordering surfacing or stiffening the sides of foundation pits
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00Materials
    • E02D2300/0026Metals
    • E02D2300/0029Steel; Iron
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2600/00Miscellaneous
    • E02D2600/20Miscellaneous comprising details of connection between elements

Abstract

The invention provides an assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut mechanism which comprises two supporting row piles, a combined steel truss crown beam, a first steel plate, a fastening device, a steel inclined strut and a bottom support; the two supporting row piles are positioned at the edge of the foundation pit, and the heights of the tops of the two supporting row piles are the same; the combined steel truss top beam is erected between the two supporting row piles and is positioned at the tops of the supporting row piles; the first steel plate is arranged on the combined steel truss crown beam; the first steel plate is connected with the supporting row piles through fastening devices; the steel inclined strut is connected with the first steel plate, and force on the supporting row piles is transmitted to the bottom support. The invention also provides an assembly type high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut system comprising a plurality of mechanisms and a construction method thereof. The invention adopts an assembly type steel structure system, greatly simplifies the construction process, and can realize quick installation and removal and cyclic utilization of each part.

Description

Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to an assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut mechanism, a system and a construction method.
Background
With the continuous development of construction technology, under the condition of higher requirements of complex conditions or foundation pit supporting, more and more supporting forms of combining inclined struts with row piles are adopted, the horizontal force is increased by the aid of the inclined struts in the supporting technology, the problem of insufficient supporting force under the condition that only row piles are adopted is solved, and the supporting of foundation pits under the complex conditions of deeper foundation pits or surrounding environments can be met. The existing diagonal bracing materials are mostly made of steel pipes or section steel, supporting points at two ends of the diagonal bracing, namely a support and a surrounding purlin on a row pile, are generally made of concrete cast-in-place structures, and the support is generally arranged below a structural bottom plate.
The prior art mainly has the following problems that firstly, the construction of the support points at the two ends of the inclined strut is complicated by adopting a cast-in-place structure, and all materials cannot be recycled; secondly, the support is arranged below the structural bottom plate, so that the vertical supporting force of the inclined strut is increased and the horizontal supporting force is reduced due to the fact that the included angle between the inclined strut and the row pile is too small, and the inclined strut is arranged mainly for increasing the horizontal resistance of the row pile as much as possible; thirdly, bracing and campshed contained angle undersize for regional earthwork excavation, structure construction difficulty in the contained angle, large-scale machinery can't get into wherein and carry out construction operation, and support and partial bracing are located the structure bottom plate, have also increased waterproof construction's the degree of difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembled high-support counter-pulling type foundation pit steel inclined strut mechanism and a construction method thereof.
The invention provides an assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut mechanism which comprises two supporting row piles, a combined steel truss crown beam, a first steel plate, a fastening device, a steel inclined strut and a bottom support; the two supporting row piles are positioned at the edge of the foundation pit, and the heights of the tops of the two supporting row piles are the same; the combined steel truss top beam is erected between the two supporting row piles and is positioned at the tops of the supporting row piles; the first steel plate is arranged on the combined steel truss crown beam; the first steel plate is connected with the supporting row piles through fastening devices; the steel inclined strut is connected with the first steel plate, and force on the supporting row piles is transmitted to the bottom support.
Further, the bottom mount comprises: the steel lattice column, the second steel plate and the support pile; the steel lattice column is arranged on the support pile, and the second steel plate is arranged at the top of the steel lattice column.
Further, the fastening device includes: the support device comprises a pull rod and a nut, wherein the pull rod is arranged on the support row pile, and the nut is connected with the pull rod through a first steel plate.
Furthermore, the pull rod is made of steel bars, the diameter of the pull rod is larger than 10mm, and the lower end of the pull rod is provided with assembling threads.
The steel wire rope type lifting device further comprises a steel wire rope, a structural pile and a structural bottom plate, wherein one end of the steel wire rope encircles the bottom support, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with a pre-buried pull ring on the structural bottom plate, and the structural bottom plate is installed on the structural pile.
Furthermore, the combined steel truss crown beam is formed by combining a plurality of sections of combined steel trusses through anchor bolts or welding, and the combined steel truss crown beam is arranged along the support row piles in the arrangement direction in a full-length mode.
Further, the steel diagonal brace comprises a plurality of sections of steel pipes, and the adjacent steel pipes are connected through flanges.
Furthermore, one end of the steel inclined strut is welded on the bottom support, and the other end of the steel inclined strut is welded on the first steel plate.
The invention also provides an assembly type high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut system which comprises a plurality of steel inclined strut mechanisms, wherein adjacent steel inclined strut mechanisms are connected by the combined steel truss crown beam.
The invention also provides a construction method for utilizing the assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing the supporting row piles, then installing the combined steel truss crown beams and the first steel plate, and finally connecting the supporting row piles and the combined steel truss crown beams into a whole through the fastening devices;
s2: carrying out first earthwork excavation, carrying out slope excavation from the bottom of the combined steel truss crown beam to the top position of the bottom support, and then carrying out construction of the bottom support;
s3: installing the steel inclined strut, and starting the second earth excavation after the completion;
s4: constructing a structure device of the excavated part;
s5: excavating the residual earthwork to complete the construction of the residual structure;
s6: and dismantling the steel inclined strut, the bottom support, the first steel plate and the combined steel truss crown beam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
1. the two ends of the steel diagonal bracing are of an assembled steel structure system, one end of the steel diagonal bracing is connected with the supporting row piles by using the first steel plate, and the other end of the steel diagonal bracing is connected with the bottom support, so that the construction process is greatly simplified, and each part can be quickly installed and dismantled and can be recycled;
2. the one end of steel bracing is through being connected with the bottom support, the height of steel bracing has been lifted, make steel bracing and strut the contained angle grow between the campshed, the horizontal support power of steel bracing will the grow like this, contained angle grow steel bracing below earthwork excavation simultaneously, the operating space of structure construction is bigger, easily large machinery's construction operation, the high promotion of steel bracing support, the drawback of traditional bracing support at the bottom plate position has been changed, the major structure construction is more swift, the degree of difficulty of water repellent has been reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel bracing mechanism of an assembled high-support counter-pulling type foundation pit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a steel sprag according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a local node of a combination steel truss crown beam and a supporting row pile according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction situation after the first earth excavation is completed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction situation after the second earth excavation according to the embodiment of the present invention is completed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the construction conditions of the remaining earthwork and the structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: supporting row piles; 2: combining the steel truss crown beam; 3: a pull rod; 4: a nut; 5: a first steel plate; 6: a steel diagonal brace; 7: a flange; 8: a steel lattice column; 9: a second steel plate; 10: a support pile; 11: structural piles; 12: a structural floor; 13: embedding a pull ring; 14: a steel cord.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides an assembly type high support reverse-pulling section steel diagonal bracing mechanism, which comprises two supporting row piles 1, a combined steel truss crown beam 2, a first steel plate 5, a fastening device, a steel diagonal bracing 6 and a bottom support; the two supporting row piles 1 are positioned at the edge of the foundation pit, and the heights of the tops of the two supporting row piles are the same; the combined steel truss top beam 2 is erected between the two supporting row piles 1 and is positioned at the tops of the supporting row piles 1; the first steel plate 5 is arranged on the combined steel truss crown beam 2; the first steel plate 5 is connected with the supporting row piles 1 through fastening devices; the steel diagonal bracing 6 transmits the force on the supporting row pile 1 to the bottom support by being connected with the first steel plate 5. The supporting row piles 1 are cast-in-situ piles of reinforced concrete structures, and the horizontal heights of the tops of the two supporting row piles 1 are the same so as to ensure the horizontal installation of the combined steel truss crown beam 2.
In the invention, the first steel plate 5 is preferably L type steel plate, the thickness of L type steel plate is not less than 12mm to ensure the rigidity, in the embodiment, the thickness of L type steel plate is preferably 15mm, the L type steel plate is formed by welding or bolting a plurality of L type steel plates with the length of 5m-10m, the horizontal plane of L type steel plate is perforated according to the design position so that a fastening device can smoothly penetrate through the horizontal plane, the horizontal plane is fastened with the combined steel truss crown beam 2 and the support row pile 1 into a whole, and the side surface of the L type steel plate is used as a supporting point of the steel inclined strut 6 at the position of the combined steel truss crown beam 2.
In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the bottom bracket comprises: a steel lattice column 8, a second steel plate 9 and a support pile 10; the steel lattice column 8 is arranged on the support pile 10, and the second steel plate 9 is arranged at the top of the steel lattice column 8. The support pile 10 is a cast-in-situ bored pile, the pile top height needs to be below the bottom of the structural bottom plate 12, the lower end of the steel lattice column 8 is placed into the support pile 10 when the support pile 10 is poured, the depth of the lower end of the steel lattice column 8 placed into the support pile 10 is larger than 1.5m, and the support pile 10 is integrally formed after pouring is completed. In this embodiment, the lower end of the steel lattice column 8 is placed into the abutment pile 10 to a depth of preferably 2 m.
In the invention, the second steel plate 9 is preferably a U-shaped steel plate which is formed by welding or bolting a plurality of U-shaped steel plates with the lengths of 5-10 m, the thickness of the U-shaped steel plate is not less than 12mm to ensure the rigidity of the U-shaped steel plate, the inner diameter of the U-shaped steel plate is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the steel lattice column 8, and the U-shaped steel plate is connected with the steel lattice column 8 in a spot welding manner after being placed in the U-shaped steel plate, so that the U-shaped steel plate can be sleeved into the steel lattice column. The side of the U-shaped steel plate facing the steel diagonal brace 6 is used as a supporting point of the steel diagonal brace 6. In this embodiment, the thickness of the U-shaped steel plate is preselected to be 15 mm.
In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the fastening device comprises: the support device comprises a pull rod 3 and a nut 4, wherein the pull rod 3 is arranged on the support row pile 1, and the nut 4 is connected with the pull rod 3 through a first steel plate 5. When the supporting row pile 1 is poured, the pull rod 3 is embedded in the supporting row pile 1, the lower end of the pull rod 3 serves as an anchoring body after pouring is finished, and the upper end, the first steel plate 5 and the nut 4 serve as a fastener of an anchor rod system to tighten the supporting row pile 1 and the combined steel truss crown beam 2 to form a stable whole.
In a more preferred embodiment, the tie rod 3 is made of steel bar, and has a diameter greater than 10mm and a lower end provided with an assembling thread. The assembling thread can increase the friction force between the pull rod 3 and the concrete in the supporting row pile 1.
As shown in fig. 1, in a more preferred embodiment, the system further comprises a steel cable 14, a structural pile 11 and a structural bottom plate 12, wherein one end of the steel cable 14 encircles the bottom support, the other end of the steel cable is connected with a pre-embedded pull ring 13 on the structural bottom plate 12, and the structural bottom plate 12 is installed on the structural pile 11. The left end and the right end of the steel diagonal brace 6 are respectively provided with an embedded pull ring 13 on the structural bottom plate 12, one end of a steel wire rope 14 encircles the U-shaped steel plate of the bottom support, and the other end of the steel wire rope is sleeved in the embedded pull ring 13. Because the lower part of the U-shaped steel plate is empty, in order to ensure rigidity, three steel bars are respectively arranged at two ends of the steel wire rope encircling point, and two ends of each steel bar are welded on two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped steel plate.
In a more preferred embodiment, the combined steel truss crown beam 2 is formed by combining a plurality of sections of combined steel trusses by using anchor bolts or welding, the combined steel truss crown beam 2 is arranged along the arrangement direction of the supporting row piles 1 in a through length mode, and each section of combined steel truss is formed by connecting two vertical frame bodies through a cross rod.
In a more preferred embodiment, the steel diagonal strut 6 comprises a plurality of steel pipes, and adjacent steel pipes are connected by flanges 7.
In a more preferred embodiment, the steel diagonal strut 6 is welded at one end to the bottom bracket and at the other end to the first steel plate 5.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the invention also provides an assembly type high-support counter-pulling type steel diagonal bracing system, which comprises a plurality of steel diagonal bracing mechanisms, wherein adjacent steel diagonal bracing mechanisms are connected by using the combined steel truss crown beam 2.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the invention further provides a construction method using the fabricated high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut system, which comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing supporting row piles 1, embedding pull rods 3 therein during pouring, then installing combined steel truss crown beams 2 and installing a first steel plate 5 in a combined manner, and finally connecting the supporting row piles 1 and the combined steel truss crown beams 2 into a whole through fastening devices;
s2: carrying out first-time earthwork excavation, carrying out slope excavation from the bottom of the combined steel truss crown beam 2 to the top of the bottom support, then constructing the support pile 10 and the steel lattice column 8, and assembling and installing each section of second steel plate 9 on the steel lattice column 8 after the construction is finished as shown in fig. 4;
s3: installing a steel inclined strut 6, wherein two ends of the steel inclined strut 6 are respectively welded to two side surfaces of the first steel plate 5 and the second steel plate 9 through steel gaskets, and all the steel inclined struts 6 are completed in sequence; after the installation is finished, the second earthwork excavation is started, the excavation adopts a reverse basin type, the earthwork at the edge of the foundation pit is excavated to the bottom of the foundation pit, the earthwork at the positions of the support piles 10 and the steel lattice columns 8 is excavated to the bottom of the foundation pit from the bottom support seat placing slope, as shown in fig. 5, the second earthwork excavation is finished, and thus, part of soil reserved on the periphery of the bottom support can ensure the stability of the bottom support before the steel wire ropes 14 are installed;
s4: constructing a structural bottom plate 12 of an excavated part, embedding the embedded pull ring 13, and installing a steel wire rope 14 after the embedding is finished;
s5: after the steel wire rope 14 is installed, excavating the residual earthwork, and completing the construction of the residual structure as shown in fig. 6;
s6: and (3) dismantling the steel inclined strut 6, the second steel plate 9, the first steel plate 5 and the combined steel truss crown beam 2, and recycling to the next project.
The combined steel truss crown beam 2, the first steel plate 9 and the second steel plate 5 are combined type recyclable installation and removal systems, so that the construction process is greatly simplified, and each part can be quickly installed and removed and recycled. The steel wire rope 14 is utilized to reversely pull the system to transmit a large part of force applied to the inclined strut support to the structural bottom plate 12, so that the bearing capacity of the whole system is increased, and meanwhile, the stress balance is realized to a greater extent.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel inclined strut mechanism is characterized by comprising two supporting row piles (1), a combined steel truss crown beam (2), a first steel plate (5), a fastening device, a steel inclined strut (6) and a bottom support; the two supporting row piles (1) are positioned at the edge of the foundation pit, and the heights of the tops of the two supporting row piles are the same; the combined steel truss crown beam (2) is erected between the two supporting row piles (1) and is positioned at the tops of the supporting row piles (1); the first steel plate (5) is arranged on the combined steel truss crown beam (2); the first steel plate (5) is connected with the supporting row piles (1) through fastening devices; the steel inclined strut (6) is connected with the first steel plate (5) and transmits the force on the supporting row pile (1) to the bottom support.
2. The assembled high chair counter-drawn steel diagonal bracing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the bottom chair comprises: the steel lattice column (8), the second steel plate (9) and the support pile (10); the steel lattice column (8) is arranged on the support pile (10), and the second steel plate (9) is arranged at the top of the steel lattice column (8).
3. The assembled high-support counter-drawn steel diagonal bracing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the fastening device comprises: the supporting row pile comprises a pull rod (3) and a nut (4), wherein the pull rod (3) is arranged on the supporting row pile (1), and the nut (4) is connected with the pull rod (3) through a first steel plate (5).
4. The assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel diagonal bracing mechanism is characterized in that the pull rod (3) is made of steel bars, the diameter of the pull rod is larger than 10mm, and the lower end of the pull rod is provided with assembling threads.
5. The assembled high-support counter-drawn steel diagonal bracing mechanism is characterized by further comprising a steel wire rope (14) and a structural device; the structural device comprises: the steel wire rope type steel wire rope fixing device comprises a structural pile (11) and a structural bottom plate (12), one end of the steel wire rope (14) encircles the bottom support, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with a pre-buried pull ring (13) on the structural bottom plate (12), and the structural bottom plate (12) is installed on the structural pile (11).
6. The assembled high-support reverse-pulling type steel diagonal bracing mechanism is characterized in that the combined steel truss crown beam (2) is formed by combining a plurality of sections of combined steel trusses through anchor bolts or welding, and the combined steel truss crown beam (2) is arranged in the overall length direction of the supporting campshed (1).
7. The assembled high-support counter-pulling type steel diagonal bracing mechanism is characterized in that the steel diagonal bracing (6) comprises a plurality of sections of steel pipes, and the adjacent steel pipes are connected through flanges (7).
8. An assembled high-support counter-drawn steel diagonal bracing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the steel diagonal bracing (6) is welded at one end to the bottom support and at the other end to the first steel plate (5).
9. An assembled high-support counter-drawn steel diagonal bracing system, characterized by comprising a plurality of steel diagonal bracing mechanisms according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein adjacent steel diagonal bracing mechanisms are connected by the combined steel truss crown beam (2).
10. A construction method using the fabricated high-support reverse-drawn steel diagonal bracing system according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: constructing the supporting row piles (1), then installing the combined steel truss crown beam (2), assembling and installing the first steel plate (5), and finally connecting the supporting row piles (1) and the combined steel truss crown beam (2) into a whole through the fastening devices;
s2: carrying out first earthwork excavation, carrying out slope excavation from the bottom of the combined steel truss crown beam (2) to the top of the bottom support, and then carrying out construction of the bottom support;
s3: installing the steel inclined strut (6), and starting the second earth excavation after the completion;
s4: constructing a structure device of the excavated part;
s5: excavating the residual earthwork to complete the construction of the residual structure;
s6: and (3) dismantling the steel inclined strut (6), the bottom support, the first steel plate (5) and the combined steel truss crown beam (2).
CN202010313261.4A 2020-04-20 2020-04-20 Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method Pending CN111441365A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010313261.4A CN111441365A (en) 2020-04-20 2020-04-20 Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010313261.4A CN111441365A (en) 2020-04-20 2020-04-20 Assembly type high-support reverse-drawing type steel inclined strut mechanism, system and construction method

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CN111441365A true CN111441365A (en) 2020-07-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112554207A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-26 京兴国际工程管理有限公司 Foundation pit supporting pile top crown beam structure and construction method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112554207A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-03-26 京兴国际工程管理有限公司 Foundation pit supporting pile top crown beam structure and construction method thereof

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