CN111440602A - Thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid - Google Patents
Thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN111440602A CN111440602A CN202010242572.6A CN202010242572A CN111440602A CN 111440602 A CN111440602 A CN 111440602A CN 202010242572 A CN202010242572 A CN 202010242572A CN 111440602 A CN111440602 A CN 111440602A
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/32—Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 850 parts of base oil 600-containing organic solvent, 0.5-3 parts of main emulsifier, 0.2-1 part of auxiliary emulsifier, 0.2-1 part of dispersing wetting agent, 1-5 parts of flow pattern regulator, 1-5 parts of tackifier, 1-5 parts of filtrate reducer, 10-250 parts of calcium chloride aqueous solution, 0.2-1 part of alkalinity regulator and 10-3000 parts of weighting agent. The oil-based drilling fluid provided by the invention has good thixotropic property and good sand suspending capacity at a low shear rate; and under high shear rate, the high-speed sand-carrying capacity dynamic sand-carrying agent has better dynamic sand-carrying capacity, and is particularly suitable for drilling operation systems with higher requirements on static suspended sand and dynamic sand-carrying capacity, such as horizontal wells, extended reach wells and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling fluids, and particularly relates to a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid.
Background
The oil-based drilling fluid has the advantages of high temperature resistance, salt resistance, contribution to well wall stability, good lubricity, small damage degree to an oil-gas layer and the like, and is widely used at home and abroad. However, due to factors such as environment, cost and safety, oil-based drilling fluid is generally used in shale gas development wells, difficult wells with easy collapse and instability of well walls, highly deviated wells, extended reach wells and the like in China. The oil-based drilling fluid is required to have good borehole wall stabilizing effect and high-efficiency and stable rheological property so as to ensure that the drilling fluid has strong capability of suspending cuttings when the drilling fluid is static and avoid forming a cuttings bed; the rock debris can be timely taken away from the well bottom under the dynamic condition, and the sand carrying capacity is good, so that the complex conditions of difficult pump starting or stratum leaking caused by excessive static shearing force of drilling fluid are avoided, the pressure excitation in the tripping process is avoided, and the probability of complex events in the well is reduced.
At present, organic soil and oleophylic colloid are mainly used as a tackifying and shearing agent of the oil-based drilling fluid in China so as to improve the dynamic shearing force of the drilling fluid. The Chinese patent with publication number CN106336859A (published 2017-01-18) discloses a composition and application thereof, an oil-based drilling fluid and a method for improving the shear force of the oil-based drilling fluid, wherein the composition contains an amphiphilic block copolymer, polyurethane and an acidic ionic compound, can effectively improve the shear force of the drilling fluid, reduce the using amount of organic soil and effectively reduce the drilling rheological property and the sand carrying capacity. Chinese patent publication No. CN 103666414a (kokai No. 2014-03-26) discloses a polyamidoamine flow pattern regulator for mineral oil-based drilling fluids and a preparation method thereof, wherein the regulator is prepared by amidating dimer fatty acid and polyamine, and can form multi-point adsorption on the surface of organic soil and be difficult to desorb due to large molecular weight and multiple active functional groups, thereby improving the gel property. Chinese patent publication No. CN102585785A (kokai No. 2012-07-18) discloses a method for improving rheological properties of oil-based drilling fluids, which is to improve rheological properties of oil-based drilling fluids and increase drilling rate by adding a mixture of nano silica and the like and utilizing reversible interaction between particle structures in an oil phase to show good shear thinning property.
However, because the lifting and cutting effects in the prior art are poor, the oil-based drilling fluid is easy to thicken and excessively viscous and cut at high temperature, the rheological property of the system is poor, the system is difficult to adjust, or the technical difficulty is high, the system is difficult to realize, and the oil-based drilling fluid with excellent static sand suspending and dynamic sand carrying capacities is not available at present, so that the requirements of drilling operations such as horizontal wells, extended reach wells and the like which are more and more complicated in the existing drilling fluid engineering on the static sand suspending and the dynamic sand carrying capacity are continuously met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which adopts a thixotropic polyurethane compound as a flow pattern regulator, provides excellent thixotropic property, has low viscosity at low shear rate and good sand suspending capacity; and the viscosity can be reduced at a high shear rate, and the dynamic sand carrying capacity is provided, so that the rapid drilling stage is facilitated, the good cleaning state of a well hole is kept, and the drilling quality and speed are improved.
The thixotropic polyurethane compound flow pattern regulator adopted by the invention utilizes micromolecular amino compounds and isocyanate to carry out chemical reaction through molecular structure design, urea groups with strong hydrogen bond association capacity are introduced into the molecular structure, and partial hydrogen bonds are opened by shear force generated by stirring, so that excellent thixotropic property is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
further, the base oil is one or more of white oil, diesel oil, vegetable oil and synthetic base fluid.
Further, the main emulsifier is one or more of long-chain alkyl fatty acid derivatives, long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, alkylphenol ether sulfo succinate sodium salts and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.
Further, the auxiliary emulsifier is one or more of long-chain alkyl fatty acid polyamide derivatives, long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts and alkyl sodium sulfonate salts.
Further, the dispersing wetting agent is one or more of sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan monolaurate.
Further, the fluid loss additive is one or more of oxidized asphalt, natural asphalt, humic acid modified resin and organic lignite.
Further, the calcium chloride aqueous solution is a calcium chloride aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20-35%; the alkalinity regulator is one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; the weighting agent is one or more of barite, limestone and iron ore powder.
Further, the flow pattern regulator is a thixotropic polyurethane compound and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
further, the isocyanate is one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate;
the polyether polyol is one or more of PPG polyether glycol and polyether triol;
the small molecular amine compound is one or more of p-phenylenediamine, diaminodicyclohexylmethane, diaminodiphenyl ether and aniline;
furthermore, the catalyst is one or more of organic tin, organic zinc and organic bismuth organometallic compounds;
further, the solvent is one or more of white oil, diesel oil, synthetic base fluid and solvent oil, and white oil is preferred.
Further, the method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps:
1) adding polyether polyol and a solvent in a certain proportion into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 100-130 ℃, and dehydrating for 2-4 hours under the vacuum condition;
2) cooling to below 50 ℃, adding the small molecular amine compound, and mixing and stirring for 30 minutes;
3) stirring at a high speed, slowly adding isocyanate, reacting for 0.5-2 hours, then heating to 60-90 ℃, and continuing to react for 1-2 hours;
4) adding a catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 1-2 hours;
5) and cooling to below 50 ℃ and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid provided by the invention has good thixotropic property, high viscosity at low shear rate and good sand suspending capacity by adopting a thixotropic polyurethane compound as a flow pattern regulator; and partial hydrogen bonds can be opened by utilizing shearing force generated by stirring at a high shearing rate, so that the viscosity is greatly reduced, the sand carrying capacity is good, the rapid drilling stage is facilitated, the good cleaning state of a well hole is kept, the drilling speed and the drilling quality are improved, and the drilling problem of a long horizontal well with static suspended sand and dynamic sand carrying is solved.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following detailed description. The reagents and equipment of the examples, except for the flow pattern modifier, are commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
720 parts of base oil (5# white oil), 2 parts of a main emulsifier (long-chain alkyl fatty acid derivative ZK-PE), 0.5 part of an auxiliary emulsifier (long-chain alkyl fatty acid derivative ZK-AE), 0.5 part of a dispersing wetting agent (long-chain alkyl fatty acid derivative ZK-WET), 1 part of a flow pattern regulator, 3 parts of a tackifier (organic bentonite ZK-OB), 2 parts of a filtrate reducer (organic lignite), 150 parts of calcium chloride (25% aqueous solution), 1 part of an alkalinity regulator (calcium oxide) and 500 parts of a weighting agent (barite).
The embodiment provides a flow pattern regulator for an oil-based drilling fluid, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7.5kg of isocyanate (MDI-50, Vanhua chemical), 75kg of polyether polyol (C2020, Vanhua chemical), 3kg of small molecular amine compound (p-phenylenediamine, Shanghai Banaba chemical), 0.1kg of catalyst (organic tin, T12, American gas chemical) and 14.4kg of solvent (No. 150 solvent oil, tin-free Yongzhen), wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps: adding 75kg of polyether polyol and 14.4kg of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring at a high speed, heating to 130 ℃, and dehydrating for 2 hours under the vacuum condition; reducing the temperature to below 50 ℃, adding 3kg of micromolecular amine compounds, and stirring for 20 minutes; then slowly adding 7.5kg of isocyanate while stirring, reacting for 1 hour, then heating to 80 ℃, and stirring to react for 2 hours; adding 0.1kg of catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and cooling to below 50 ℃, and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
680 parts of white oil (3# white oil), 3 parts of a main emulsifier (fatty acid derivative Unimul P350), 1 part of an auxiliary emulsifier (fatty acid derivative Unimul S350), 1 part of a dispersing wetting agent (fatty acid derivative Uniwet), 2 parts of a flow pattern regulator, 2 parts of a tackifier (organic bentonite Unigel31), 4 parts of a filtrate reducer (natural asphalt), 200 parts of calcium chloride (15% aqueous solution), 0.4 part of an alkalinity regulator (calcium oxide) and 2500 parts of a weighting agent (barite).
This example provides a flow pattern modifier for oil-based drilling fluids, which comprises (by weight parts) isocyanate (TDI, Cangzhou Dahua) 4.8kg, polyether polyol (D L-1000D, Shandongdong Dao) 54.2kg, small molecule amine compound (diaminodiphenyl ether, Nantong Runfeng petrochemical), catalyst (organic bismuth, Bicat8118, American leading chemistry) 0.5kg, and solvent (5# white oil, Maoming petrochemical)
The method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps: adding 54.2kg of polyether polyol and 40kg of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring at a high speed, heating to 120 ℃, and dehydrating for 3 hours under the vacuum condition; cooling to below 50 ℃, adding 0.5kg of micromolecular amine compound, and stirring for 30 minutes; then slowly adding 4.8kg of isocyanate while stirring, reacting for 2 hours, and then heating to 60 ℃ and stirring for reacting for 2 hours; adding 0.5kg of catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and cooling to below 50 ℃, and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
800 parts of white oil (3# white oil), 1 part of a main emulsifier (castor oil polyoxyethylene phosphate), 0.2 part of an auxiliary emulsifier (long-chain alkyl benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt), 0.5 part of a dispersing wetting agent (sorbitan monolaurate), 3 parts of a flow pattern regulator, 1 part of a tackifier (organic bentonite), 3 parts of a filtrate reducer (humic acid modified resin), 50 parts of calcium chloride (25% aqueous solution), 0.2 part of an alkalinity regulator (calcium oxide) and 1000 parts of a weighting agent (barite).
The flow pattern regulator used in the present example comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8kg of isocyanate (MDI-50, Wanhua chemical), 82kg of polyether polyol (C2020, Wanhua chemical), 1kg of small molecule amine compound (p-phenylenediamine, Shanghai Boehringer chemical), 0.2kg of catalyst (organic tin, T9, United states gas chemical) and 8.8kg of solvent (0# diesel oil, medium petrochemical).
The method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps: adding 82kg of polyether polyol and 8.8kg of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring at a high speed, heating to 120 ℃, and dehydrating for 4 hours under a vacuum condition; reducing the temperature to below 50 ℃, adding 3kg of micromolecular amine compounds, and stirring for 20 minutes; then slowly adding 8kg of isocyanate while stirring, reacting for 1 hour, and then heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for reacting for 1 hour; adding 0.2kg of catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 2 hours; and cooling to below 50 ℃, and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
680 parts of white oil (5# white oil), 3 parts of a main emulsifier (fatty acid derivative ZK-PE), 1 part of an auxiliary emulsifier (long-chain alkyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt), 0.2 part of a dispersing wetting agent (sorbitan monooleate), 5 parts of a flow pattern regulator, 2 parts of a tackifier (organic bentonite ZK-OB), 5 parts of a fluid loss additive (organic lignite), 200 parts of calcium chloride (25% aqueous solution), 0.5 part of an alkalinity regulator (calcium oxide) and 50 parts of a weighting agent (barite).
The flow pattern regulator used in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 6.5kg of isocyanate (MDI-50, Wanhua chemical), 75kg of polyether polyol (C2020, Wanhua chemical), 2kg of small molecular amine compound 1 (aniline, Shanghai Banghu chemical), 3kg of small molecular amine compound 2 (diaminodiphenyl ether, Shangdong Jiayu chemical), 0.3kg of catalyst (bismuth zinc composite catalyst, Bicat8, American leading chemical) and 13.2kg of solvent (5# white oil, Maomine petrochemical).
The method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps: adding 75kg of polyether polyol and 13.2kg of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring at a high speed, heating to 120 ℃, and dehydrating for 4 hours under the vacuum condition; cooling to below 50 ℃, adding 2kg of micromolecule amine compound 1 and 3kg of micromolecule amine compound 2, and stirring for 0.5 hour; then slowly adding 6.5kg of isocyanate while stirring, reacting for 1 hour, and then heating to 90 ℃ and stirring for reacting for 1 hour; adding 0.3kg of catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 1.5 hours; and cooling to below 50 ℃, and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
850 parts of white oil (3# white oil), 1 part of a main emulsifier (fatty acid derivative ZK-PE), 0.2 part of an auxiliary emulsifier (long-chain alkyl benzene sulfonate sodium salt), 0.2 part of a dispersing wetting agent (sorbitan monooleate), 2 parts of a flow pattern regulator, 5 parts of a tackifier (organic bentonite ZK-OB), 1 part of a filtrate reducer (organic lignite), 10 parts of calcium chloride (25% aqueous solution), 0.2 part of an alkalinity regulator (calcium oxide) and 10 parts of a weighting agent (barite).
The flow pattern modifier used in this example comprises, by weight, 3kg of isocyanate 1(MDI-50, Wanhua chemical), 4kg of isocyanate 2(TDI, Cangzhou Dada TDI), 10kg of polyether polyol 1(D L-1000D, Shandongdong chemical), 40kg of polyether polyol 2(C2020, Wanhua chemical), 10kg of polyether polyol 3(330N, Hailan chemical), 2kg of small molecule amine compound 1 (diaminodiphenyl ether, Shandong Jiayu chemical), 2kg of small molecule amine compound 2 (p-phenylenediamine, Shanghai Bangbai chemical), 0.5kg of catalyst (organozinc, Bicat Z, Shanghai Detonka chemical), and 28.5kg of solvent (trimethylbenzene, Wokang chemical).
The method for preparing the flow pattern regulator comprises the following steps: adding 10kg of polyether polyol 1, 40kg of polyether polyol 2, 10kg of polyether polyol 3 and 28.5kg of solvent into a reaction kettle, stirring at a high speed, heating to 120 ℃, and dehydrating for 3 hours under the vacuum condition; cooling to below 50 ℃, adding 2kg of small molecular amine compound 1 and 2kg of small molecular amine compound 2, and stirring for 0.5 hour; then slowly adding 3kg of isocyanate 1 and 4kg of isocyanate 2 while stirring, reacting for 2 hours, and then heating to 80 ℃ and stirring to react for 2 hours; adding 0.5kg of catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 1 hour; and cooling to below 50 ℃, and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 5 were tested according to the standards and testing methods relevant to drilling fluids, and the properties are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 drilling fluid Performance index
Therefore, the products provided by the examples 1 to 5 are thixotropic oil-based drilling fluids, have good thixotropic performance, high viscosity at low shear rate and good sand suspending capacity; and partial hydrogen bonds can be opened by utilizing shearing force generated by stirring at a high shearing rate, so that the viscosity is greatly reduced, the sand carrying capacity is good, the rapid drilling stage is facilitated, the good cleaning state of a well hole is kept, the drilling speed and the drilling quality are improved, and the drilling problem of a long horizontal well with static suspended sand and dynamic sand carrying is solved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2. the thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the base oil is one or more of white oil, diesel oil, vegetable oil and synthetic base fluid.
3. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the main emulsifier is one or more of long-chain alkyl fatty acid derivatives, long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, alkylphenol ether sulfo succinate sodium salts and castor oil polyoxyethylene ether phosphate.
4. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary emulsifier is one or more of long-chain alkyl fatty acid polyamide derivatives, long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts and alkyl sodium sulfonate.
5. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the dispersing and wetting agent is one or more of sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monopalmitate and sorbitan monolaurate.
6. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the fluid loss additive is one or more of oxidized asphalt, natural asphalt, humic acid modified resin and organic lignite.
7. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein: the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 20-35% by mass; the alkalinity regulator is one or more of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide; the weighting agent is one or more of barite, limestone and iron ore powder.
8. The thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 1, wherein the flow pattern regulator is a thixotropic polyurethane compound and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
9. the thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid of claim 8, wherein the isocyanate is one or more of toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate;
the polyether polyol is one or more of PPG polyether glycol, polyether triol and polyether tetraol;
the small molecular amine compound is one or more of p-phenylenediamine, diaminodicyclohexylmethane, diaminodiphenyl ether and diethylamine;
the catalyst is one or more of organic tin, organic zinc and organic bismuth organic metal compounds;
the solvent is one or more of white oil, diesel oil, synthetic base fluid and solvent oil.
10. A thixotropic oil-based drilling fluid according to claim 8 or 9 wherein the method of preparing said flow pattern modifier comprises the steps of:
1) adding polyether polyol and a solvent in a certain proportion into a reaction kettle, stirring and heating to 100-130 ℃, and dehydrating for 2-4 hours under the vacuum condition;
2) cooling to below 50 ℃, adding the small molecular amine compound, and mixing and stirring for 10-30 minutes;
3) stirring at a high speed, slowly adding isocyanate, reacting for 0.5-2 hours, then heating to 60-90 ℃, and continuing to react for 1-2 hours;
4) adding a catalyst, and continuously stirring for reaction for 1-2 hours;
5) and cooling to below 50 ℃ and discharging to obtain the flow pattern regulator.
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