CN111440017A - Green organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111440017A CN111440017A CN201910042732.XA CN201910042732A CN111440017A CN 111440017 A CN111440017 A CN 111440017A CN 201910042732 A CN201910042732 A CN 201910042732A CN 111440017 A CN111440017 A CN 111440017A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/34—Preparation of aluminium hydroxide by precipitation from solutions containing aluminium salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a green organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and a preparation method thereof, relates to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a solid organic fertilizer and a liquid organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and a preparation method thereof. The green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of food waste, 5-10 parts of urea and 1-5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis. The food waste is subjected to harmless treatment, special microorganisms are adopted for fermentation treatment, and urban food waste is subjected to high-speed fermentation decomposition to finally become a green organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of agriculture. A green organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
As is well known, improper disposal of organic wastes is one of the important causes of environmental pollution in society. For a long time, China has caused many social problems because the municipal waste treatment technology is relatively extensive and lagged. Some simple treatment modes for private collection of organic wastes cannot effectively utilize the organic wastes, even the organic wastes are harmful to the society due to improper treatment, wherein the most common method is to feed pigs directly with kitchen wastes, and the pigs with the wastes are eaten by consumers and seriously hurt the benefits of the consumers; in addition, individual vendors have simple and crude processing equipment, a large amount of waste gas is directly discharged in the heating process, the atmospheric environment is seriously polluted, the generated waste water is directly discharged, underground water and soil are polluted, and secondary pollution is caused.
The food and beverage garbage is a domestic waste formed by residents in the process of living and consumption, the source of the food and beverage garbage is mainly places such as restaurants, canteens, street snacks and the like, the food and beverage garbage mainly comprises rice, flour, starch, bone, meat, oil, skin, thorn, scale and the like, and the food and beverage garbage is rich in nutrient substances such as microorganisms, starch, protein, grease, dietary fiber, fatty acid, sugar, salt and the like and mineral substances such as calcium, sodium, magnesium, potassium, iron and the like. A large amount of food waste becomes a main source of urban pollution and harm to human health, and scientific and harmless treatment of the food waste becomes a fundamental way for urban management and construction.
The harmless treatment of the food waste is mainly fermentation treatment by adopting special microorganisms at present, and the urban food waste is subjected to high-speed fermentation decomposition and finally becomes organic fertilizer or feed. The invention can effectively remove various non-biodegradable impurities, and through high-temperature fermentation at 85 ℃, kill various pathogenic bacteria and parasitic eggs, provides an effective path for disposing organic wastes, and simultaneously provides a terminal product-biological organic fertilizer with reliable quality for agricultural production.
At present, the security problem of agricultural products is more and more concerned by the whole society, and the nation advocates the development of pollution-free agricultural products, green foods and organic foods, so that on one hand, the increasing demands of people on material life are met, and on the other hand, the competitiveness of agricultural products in China on the international market can be effectively improved. The organic fertilizer is the only fertilizing choice for the safety and nutrition of green agricultural products. Developed countries have more than 30% of organic agriculture, and China is still in the beginning stage. According to the national policy, the organic agriculture proportion reaches 10% in 5 years, namely the organic agriculture planting scale reaches 1.5 hundred million acres, the organic fertilizer is estimated according to 100 kilograms of organic fertilizer required per acre, and 1500 ten thousand tons of commercial organic fertilizer are required nationwide. At present, the yield of commercial organic fertilizer in China is only more than 100 million tons, the organic fertilizer only accounts for about 1% of the market demand, and the market space of the organic fertilizer is huge, so that the market potential of the organic fertilizer is naturally very wide.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof aiming at the national conditions of China. Not only can effectively reduce the pollution of the food waste to the environment, but also can produce green organic fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the green organic fertilizer produced by the food waste and the preparation method thereof are characterized in that the green organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of food waste, 5-10 parts of urea and 1-5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis.
Further, a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof, wherein the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts of food waste, 8 parts of urea and 4 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis.
Preferably, the fermentation agent for producing the green organic fertilizer by using the food wastes is modified rhodotorula glutinis.
Further, the preparation process of the modified rhodotorula glutinis comprises the following steps: adding 100 +/-5 parts of hydrogen peroxide into 2000 parts of water, stirring for 30 minutes, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain sterilized pure distilled water, cooling to 35 ℃, then adding 700 +/-5 parts of rhodotorula glutinis, 100 +/-2 parts of bacillus, 150 +/-2 parts of starch bacteria, 30 +/-2 parts of white rot fungi and 20 +/-2 parts of sodium acetate, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, filtering out water, putting into an incubator, and culturing for 3 days at 30-35 ℃ to obtain the modified rhodotorula glutinis.
The preparation method of the green organic fertilizer produced by the food wastes comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher;
b. separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator;
c. separating the residual liquid into grease by a high-speed centrifuge to be used as other industrial oil;
d. adding 88 parts of food waste solids into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
e. cooling, adding 8 parts of urea and 4 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, and naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state to obtain a solid organic fertilizer;
f. adding 90 parts of restaurant liquid garbage into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
g. cooling, adding 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state, extracting about 97 parts of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein about 3% of the rest at the bottom is mixed crystal of sodium chloride (salt) and polyaluminium chloride, namely aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be purified to become other industrial products;
the invention has the following advantages:
1. a large amount of food and beverage garbage is utilized to produce green organic fertilizer, which not only reduces the pollution of waste oil and hogwash oil to the environment, but also adds tiles to green agriculture in China;
2. firstly, separating grease with higher commercial value from the food waste, and then fermenting solid and liquid substances into green organic fertilizers with different commercial values respectively, wherein the solid organic fertilizer can be sold at a slightly high price in a long distance, and the liquid organic fertilizer can be sold at a slightly low price in a short distance, so that secondary pollution caused by direct discharge because the food waste water cannot be changed into the organic fertilizer at present is thoroughly broken;
3. because the modified rhodotorula glutinis has halophilic property, the activity of the modified rhodotorula glutinis in the liquid separated from the food waste is not influenced, but is improved;
4. the most difficult to treat in the liquid separated from the food waste at present is salinity, and if the physical distillation recovery method is too high in cost, the invention adopts natural polymerization and precipitation of polyaluminium chloride and salt (sodium chloride) in the fermentation process, so that the cost is only one percent of that of the traditional physical distillation recovery method, and the method is quick, efficient, economical and practical.
5. The preparation method is simple and reasonable, can ensure the product quality, is easy to operate and has low device investment.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
88 parts of food and beverage solid garbage, 8 parts of urea and 4 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a solid organic fertilizer;
90 parts of food and beverage liquid waste, 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer;
the preparation of the green organic fertilizer produced by the food waste comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher;
b. separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator;
c. separating the residual liquid into grease by a high-speed centrifuge to be used as other industrial oil;
d. adding the food waste solids into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, then heating to 85-90 ℃, and further sterilizing by using high temperature;
e. cooling, adding urea and modified Rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, and naturally fermenting for 24 hr under sealed condition to obtain solid organic fertilizer;
f. adding the food and beverage liquid garbage into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing the food and beverage liquid garbage by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
g. cooling, adding 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state, extracting about 97 parts of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein about 3% of the rest at the bottom is mixed crystal of sodium chloride (salt) and polyaluminium chloride, namely aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be purified to become other industrial products;
example 2: a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
85 parts of food and beverage solid garbage, 10 parts of urea and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a solid organic fertilizer;
87 parts of food and beverage liquid waste, 4 parts of urea, 3 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 6 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer;
the preparation of the green organic fertilizer produced by the food waste comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher;
b. separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator;
c. separating the residual liquid into grease by a high-speed centrifuge to be used as other industrial oil;
d. adding the food waste solids into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, then heating to 85-90 ℃, and further sterilizing by using high temperature;
e. cooling, adding urea and modified Rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, and naturally fermenting for 24 hr under sealed condition to obtain solid organic fertilizer;
f. adding the food and beverage liquid garbage into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing the food and beverage liquid garbage by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
g. cooling, adding 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state, extracting about 97 parts of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein about 3% of the rest at the bottom is mixed crystal of sodium chloride (salt) and polyaluminium chloride, namely aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be purified to become other industrial products;
example 3: a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
91 parts of restaurant solid garbage, 6 parts of urea and 3 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a solid organic fertilizer;
89 parts of restaurant liquid garbage, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 6 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer;
the preparation of the green organic fertilizer produced by the food waste comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher;
b. separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator;
c. separating the residual liquid into grease by a high-speed centrifuge to be used as other industrial oil;
d. adding the food waste solids into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, then heating to 85-90 ℃, and further sterilizing by using high temperature;
e. cooling, adding urea and modified Rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, and naturally fermenting for 24 hr under sealed condition to obtain solid organic fertilizer;
f. adding the food and beverage liquid garbage into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing the food and beverage liquid garbage by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
g. cooling, adding 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state, extracting about 97 parts of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein about 3% of the rest at the bottom is mixed crystal of sodium chloride (salt) and polyaluminium chloride, namely aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be purified to become other industrial products;
example 4: a green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, and the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
86 parts of food and beverage solid garbage, 8 parts of urea and 6 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a solid organic fertilizer;
87 parts of food and beverage liquid waste, 5 parts of urea, 3 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis to obtain a liquid organic fertilizer;
the preparation of the green organic fertilizer produced by the food waste comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher;
b. separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator;
c. separating the residual liquid into grease by a high-speed centrifuge to be used as other industrial oil;
d. adding the food waste solids into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, then heating to 85-90 ℃, and further sterilizing by using high temperature;
e. cooling, adding urea and modified Rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, and naturally fermenting for 24 hr under sealed condition to obtain solid organic fertilizer;
f. adding the food and beverage liquid garbage into a stirring tank with a heating device, sterilizing the food and beverage liquid garbage by using an ultraviolet sterilization machine in a sealed state, and then heating to 85-90 ℃ for further sterilizing by using high temperature;
g. cooling, adding 3 parts of urea, 2 parts of polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis into another fermentation tank, naturally fermenting for 24 hours in a sealed state, extracting about 97 parts of liquid organic fertilizer, wherein about 3% of the rest at the bottom is mixed crystal of sodium chloride (salt) and polyaluminium chloride, namely aluminum hydroxide, and the aluminum hydroxide can be purified to become other industrial products;
the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the spirit and principle of the present invention and that equivalent modifications and substitutions and the like are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A green organic fertilizer produced by food waste and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the green organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of food waste, 5-10 parts of urea and 1-5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis.
2. The green organic fertilizer produced by the food wastes according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of food waste, 5-10 parts of urea and 1-5 parts of modified rhodotorula glutinis.
3. The production of the green organic fertilizer by the food waste as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the food waste treatment process comprises: crushing the recovered food waste by using a crusher, separating solids such as rice, vegetables and bones by using a solid-liquid separator, separating oil from the rest liquid by using a high-speed centrifuge, and fermenting the solids and the liquid of the food waste respectively to obtain the green organic fertilizer.
4. The method for producing the green organic fertilizer by using the food wastes as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the modified rhodotorula glutinis is prepared by the following steps: adding 100 g of hydrogen peroxide into 2000 g of water, stirring for 30 minutes, then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to obtain sterilized pure distilled water, cooling to 35 ℃, then adding 700 g of rhodotorula glutinis, 100 g of bacillus, 150 g of starch bacteria, 30 g of white rot fungi and 20 g of sodium acetate, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, filtering out water, putting into an incubator, and culturing for 3 days at 30-35 ℃ to obtain the modified rhodotorula glutinis.
5. The green organic fertilizer produced by using the food wastes as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrogen peroxide, the rhodotorula glutinis, the bacillus, the starch bacteria, the white rot fungi and the sodium acetate are all commercially available products.
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| CN201910042732.XA CN111440017A (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2019-01-17 | Green organic fertilizer produced from food wastes and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111333466A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-26 | 中福世唯(福建)环境科技有限公司 | Method for converting kitchen waste into organic fertilizer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111333466A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-26 | 中福世唯(福建)环境科技有限公司 | Method for converting kitchen waste into organic fertilizer |
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