CN111439362A - An annular electric thruster supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an annular electric propeller supported by a magnetic-liquid composite suspension bearing, which comprises: the device comprises a shell, a rim type motor, a magnetic-liquid composite suspension bearing system and a propeller. The invention adopts the permanent magnet brushless motor which is arranged in water to directly drive the hub-free propeller to rotate, thereby saving a middle transmission mechanism, reducing the middle transmission loss between the motor and the propeller, improving the efficiency, simplifying the structure of a propulsion system, reducing the noise and the vibration and the like, and the rotor and propeller assembly is supported by the magnetic-liquid composite suspension bearing system and transmits the thrust to the motor and a ship body.

Description

An annular electric thruster supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of marine propellers in marine turbines, and particularly relates to an annular electric propeller supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing.

Background technique

With the development of electric propulsion technology, electric propulsion systems are increasingly used on ships. Common electric propulsion systems include variable speed gearboxes, shafting (including shafts, couplings, various bearings and bearing housings, stern tube seals), propellers, etc. , which drives the shafting and propeller to rotate to generate thrust for the ship to move forward or backward, as shown in Figure 1. This propulsion method has the following problems: complex structure, many parts, high failure rate, large space occupation, and heavy weight; low propulsion efficiency: the motor and the propeller are driven by gears, shafting and other components, and the gear meshing produces energy loss, and at the same time The bearing is usually a sliding bearing, which has large friction force and large friction power consumption; the above transmission links produce intermediate transmission loss, which reduces the propulsion efficiency of the system; the meshing of transmission gears generates vibration and causes noise. After the body is attached, turbulent flow is generated, the propeller rotates in the turbulent flow, and excitation and cavitation are generated, and the cavitation bursts to generate noise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes an annular electric propeller supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing. The permanent magnet brushless motor placed in the water is used to directly drive the hubless propeller to rotate, and the intermediate transmission mechanism is omitted. , The rotor and propeller assembly are supported by the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system and transmit the thrust to the motor and the hull, reduce the intermediate transmission loss between the motor and the propeller, improve the efficiency, simplify the structure of the propulsion system, and reduce noise and vibration.

In order to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems at least, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

An annular electric propulsion supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing, characterized in that it comprises: a casing, a rim-type motor, a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system and a propeller, wherein,

The rim type motor includes: a stator assembly, a rotor assembly and an end face flange, the stator assembly and the rotor assembly are arranged in the casing, and the end face flanges are respectively provided at both ends of the casing;

The magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system is located on the end face flange, and the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system includes: a rotor end plate, a thrust plate, a dynamic thrust ring and a static thrust ring, the rotor end plate and the rotor The component is connected with the end face flange and has a first clearance channel, the rotor end plate is internally provided with a first water flow channel that communicates with the first clearance channel, and the thrust plate is fixed on the rotor end There is a second clearance channel connected with the first clearance channel between the end of the plate and the end face flange, and the inside of the thrust plate is provided with the second clearance channel and the first water flow channel respectively. The second water flow channel is connected to the second water flow channel, which is used for water flow to form liquid suspension; the dynamic thrust ring is arranged on the inner wall of the thrust plate, and the static thrust ring is arranged on the end face method corresponding to the position of the dynamic thrust ring. On the outer wall of the blue, it is used to generate magnetic repulsion to form magnetic levitation;

The propeller is connected to the rotor assembly.

Further, the rotor end plate is further provided with a radial high pressure water cavity, and the radial high pressure water cavity is respectively communicated with the first clearance channel and the first water flow channel for generating radial high pressure water flow.

Further, the thrust plate is also provided with an axial high-pressure water cavity and a water inlet, and the axial high-pressure water cavity is respectively communicated with the second clearance channel and the second water flow channel for generating an axial high-pressure water flow, The water inlet is communicated with the second water flow channel.

Further, the water inlet is connected with a high-pressure water pump.

Further, the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system further comprises: a friction reducing block, and the friction reducing block is arranged on the outer wall of the end face flange.

Further, the stator assembly is fixed above the inner steps of the end face flanges at both ends, and the rotor assembly is located inside the stator assembly.

Further, the propeller is an integral propeller or a split propeller.

Further, the dynamic thrust ring and the static thrust ring are both permanent magnets or electromagnetic coils wrapped with corrosion-resistant and anti-corrosion coatings, and the same poles are opposite to each other to generate magnetic repulsion.

Further, the rim type motor is a rim type permanent magnet brushless motor.

The beneficial effects of the present invention at least include:

1) Improve the propulsion efficiency: First, the permanent magnet brushless motor is used, and the permanent magnet is used instead of the coil. Compared with the traditional separately excited motor, the current loss is reduced, and the motor efficiency and power factor are improved; secondly, the rotor of the motor The inner circle directly fixes the propeller, the rotor directly drives the propeller to rotate, and no intermediate transmission links are needed, eliminating the loss caused by the intermediate transmission links; The thrust force makes it in a suspended state during the rotation process, which reduces the friction force and reduces the friction power consumption. The above measures all improve the propulsion efficiency;

2) Noise and vibration reduction: Because the rotor directly drives the propeller, the vibration and noise caused by the gear meshing of the gearbox in the traditional propulsion type are eliminated; Noise and vibration are greatly reduced. In summary, noise and vibration are reduced;

3) Simplified structure, lighter weight, improved reliability, and less space in the cabin: the coupling, gearbox, shafting, sliding bearing and bearing seat, stern tube sealing system, etc. inherent in the traditional electric propulsion type are cancelled The intermediate transmission part has a simpler structure, higher reliability, and a significant reduction in weight; in addition, because the motor is placed underwater, the space in the cabin is saved.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art electric propulsion system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the annular electric thruster of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integral propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a split propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of part A of FIG. 3 , illustrating the structure of the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system.

Among them, motor 1, gearbox 2, shafting 3, propeller 4, blade tip 401, blade tip flange 402, blade 403, rotor assembly 5, left end face flange 6, housing 7, stator assembly 8, right Side end face flange 9, magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system 10, rotor end plate 11, first gap channel 111, first water flow channel 112, radial high pressure water chamber 113, thrust plate 12, second gap channel 121, second Water channel 122 , axial high pressure water cavity 123 , water inlet 124 , dynamic thrust ring 13 , static thrust ring 14 , radial anti-friction block 15 , and axial anti-friction block 16 .

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The embodiments described below are exemplary, only for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. If no specific technique or condition is indicated in the examples, the technique or condition described in the literature in the field or the product specification is used.

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the annular electric thruster of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the C-C direction of FIG. 2. In conjunction with FIGS. 2 and 3, an annular electric thruster supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing of the present invention mainly includes: a shell Body, rim motor, propeller and magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system.

The invention adopts the rim type permanent magnet brushless motor, which replaces the traditional separately excited three-phase asynchronous motor. The rim type motor is mainly composed of a stator assembly, a rotor assembly, a casing and an end face flange. The stator assembly of the motor is composed of iron core and coil, which is integrally potted and sealed with insulating adhesive, which is isolated from water and acts as an insulation. The rotor contains permanent magnets and potted with sealing insulating adhesive to prevent water from entering the rotor and corroding the permanent magnets. The left and right ends are the rotor end plates, which together with the rotor form the rotor assembly. The stator iron core is press-fitted in the motor casing, the casing is the casing of the propeller, and the left and right ends of the casing are connected to the end face flanges of the motor, namely: the left end face flange and the right end face flange. The stator assembly is fixed above the inner steps of the end face flanges at both ends, and the rotor assembly is located inside the stator assembly.

The rotor of the invention has a large inner circle diameter and can accommodate the propeller. The propeller is fixed on the inner circle of the rotor assembly through the blade tip, and the rotor directly drives the propeller to rotate. The motor speed is the propeller speed, and no intermediate transmission links such as gears are required. The stator of the motor generates a rotating magnetic field after the three-phase power supply is connected, and the permanent magnet in the rotor of the motor generates an electromagnetic force under the action of the rotating magnetic field.

The propeller of the present invention is a metal propeller, and can also be a composite material propeller. The number of propeller blades is determined according to the calculation of hydrodynamic performance, and the number of blades can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc. The specific number is not particularly limited.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an integral propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4 , the propeller of this embodiment is an integral type, and each blade is connected as a whole through a common blade tip flange, and then passes through the blade tip flange. connected to the rotor assembly.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a split propeller according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5 , the propeller blades of this embodiment are split, and each blade is fixed on the inner circle of the rotor assembly through a blade tip flange, and the rotor The components are supported and directly driven, and because the propeller is split, it is also convenient for disassembly and replacement.

It can be understood that, whether the integral propeller or the split propeller is a hubless propeller, each propeller is fixed on the rotor assembly through the blade tip flange, and is directly driven by the rotor assembly. The speed of the motor is the propeller. Speed, no longer need shafting and propeller hub for support and transmission, and no longer need intermediate transmission links such as transmission gears.

FIG. 6 is a partial enlarged view of part A of FIG. 3 . Referring to FIG. 6 , the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system is located on the end face flange and consists of a liquid suspension bearing system and a magnetic thrust bearing system.

Wherein, the liquid suspension bearing system bears the weight of the rotor assembly and the propeller, and the liquid suspension bearing system is composed of a thrust plate, an anti-friction block, a rotor end plate, and a water flow channel opened inside the rotor end plate and the thrust plate. More specifically : The rotor end plate is connected to the rotor assembly and has a first gap channel between the rotor end plate and the end face flange, and the rotor end plate is internally provided with a first water flow channel that communicates with the first gap channel, The thrust plate is fixed on the end of the rotor end plate and has a second gap channel connected with the first gap channel between the end face flange and the end face flange. The second water flow channel communicates with the second gap channel and the first water flow channel.

The rotor end plate is further provided with a radial high-pressure water cavity, and the radial high-pressure water cavity is respectively communicated with the first clearance channel and the first water flow channel for generating a radial high-pressure water flow.

The thrust plate is also provided with an axial high-pressure water cavity and a water inlet, and the axial high-pressure water cavity is communicated with the second clearance channel and the second water flow channel respectively, and is used to generate an axial high-pressure water flow. The water port is communicated with the second water flow channel.

The anti-friction block is arranged on the outer wall of the end face flange, including: a radial anti-friction block and an axial anti-friction block, wherein the radial anti-friction block is located at the relative position of the radial high-pressure water cavity , the axial anti-friction block is located at the relative position of the axial high-pressure water cavity.

The working principle of the liquid suspension bearing system of the present invention is as follows: when the motor starts, the rotor assembly starts to rotate and drives the rotor end plate to rotate, and the thrust plate connected with the rotor end plate rotates together, and the second water flow channel in the thrust plate rotates together. The water in the water inlet is sucked into the second water flow channel in the thrust plate. With the high-speed rotation of the thrust plate and the rotor assembly, under the work of centrifugal force, a high-pressure water flow is formed, which is introduced into the thrust plate and the rotor end through the water channel (direction shown by the arrow). In the radial high-pressure water cavity inside the plate, the water flow velocity decreases and the water pressure rises. A local high-pressure water area is formed between the radial high-pressure water cavity and the inner circular surface of the matching motor end face flange, and the hydraulic thrust F1 acts on the end face method. The inner circular surface of the blue forms the supporting force to support the rotor assembly, overcomes the gravity of the rotor assembly, lifts the rotor assembly, does not contact the stator assembly, and is in a suspended state, which greatly reduces the sliding friction force and reduces the noise.

When the motor starts to accelerate and stops to decelerate, the centrifugal force is weakened, and the supporting force generated by the high-pressure water pressure is not enough to overcome the gravity of the rotor assembly and the propeller. At this time, the rotor end plate is in contact with the radial anti-friction block on the end face flange and is sliding. The state of friction, the low friction coefficient and low wear rate of the anti-friction block make the direct friction pair in a low-resistance friction state, which ensures the reliable operation of the propeller at low speed. The high-pressure water can be generated by the centrifugal force caused by the high-speed rotation of the rotor assembly itself, or directly pumped by the high-pressure water pump connected to the external water inlet.

The magnetic thrust bearing system is composed of a dynamic thrust ring installed in the thrust plate and a static thrust ring in the end face flange corresponding to the position of the dynamic thrust ring, forming a dynamic and static thrust bearing pair. Both the dynamic thrust ring and the static thrust ring are formed. It is a permanent magnet or electromagnetic coil wrapped with a corrosion-resistant and anti-corrosion coating, which is opposite to the same pole and generates magnetic repulsion.

The working principle of the magnetic thrust bearing system is: during the operation of the motor, the propeller drives the rotor assembly and the thrust plate to rotate together, and the propeller thrust pushes the rotor and the thrust plate to move forward (left in the figure), that is, in the direction of the end face flange. , so that the gap between the thrust plate and the end flange becomes smaller. As the gap gets smaller and smaller, the magnetic repulsion force F2 generated between the magnets or between the magnets and the coil becomes larger and larger, and finally reaches a balance with the thrust of the propeller. The dynamic thrust ring and the static thrust ring maintain a certain gap and are in a non-contacting In the suspended state, the direct sliding friction between the thrust plate and the motor end flange is avoided, which greatly reduces heat generation and wear.

Referring to Figure 6, the high-pressure water flow generated by high-speed rotation can also be introduced into the axial high-pressure water cavity of the thrust plate, the flow rate is reduced, and the water pressure is increased. In the gap between the axial high-pressure water cavity and the end face flange, high pressure The water produces a hydraulic thrust F1 to both sides. When the propeller thrust pushes the thrust disc to move towards the end face flange, the axial gap between the thrust disc and the end face flange becomes smaller, the water velocity is lower, and the water pressure is higher, preventing the thrust disc from continuing to approach the end face flange. Finally, the sum of the hydraulic thrust and the magnetic thrust (that is, the magnetic repulsion force F2) reaches a balance with the propeller thrust, the thrust disc stops moving in the direction of the end face flange, and a certain gap is maintained, and the thrust disc and the end face flange are in a non-contact suspension state. . It is equivalent to the hydraulic thrust generated by the hydrodynamic force, which shares part of the axial load of the magnetic thrust bearing, and forms a resultant force with the magnetic thrust, which counteracts the thrust of the propeller and keeps the thrust bearing pair in a suspended state. Vice principle. The present invention uses the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system generated by centrifugal force and magnetic force, which simultaneously plays the role of thrust and radial bearings, eliminates the direct friction between the thrust bearing pair and the radial bearing pair, makes the bearing no longer wear, and greatly prolongs the The service life and reliability of the bearing are improved, and the bearing wear problem of the rim motor in water is solved.

The liquid suspension bearing system and the magnetic thrust bearing system together form a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing pair, which supports the gravity of the rotor assembly and the propeller, and bears the thrust of the propeller. The magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing pair is usually located on one side of the rotor instead of the two ends of the rotor. This structure allows the bearing pair to be arranged on the same part, which is convenient for continuous processing during processing and ensures the coaxiality between the bearing pairs. At the same time, it also improves the processing efficiency and reduces the manufacturing cost. When it is necessary to bear the thrust of the propeller reversing, the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system can also be arranged at the other end of the rotor, that is, there are magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing systems at both ends of the rotor.

To sum up, the present invention improves the propulsion efficiency: first, a permanent magnet brushless motor is adopted, and a permanent magnet is used instead of a coil, which reduces the current loss and improves the motor efficiency and power factor compared with the traditional separately excited motor; Secondly, the inner circle of the rotor of the motor directly fixes the propeller, and the rotor directly drives the propeller to rotate without any intermediate transmission link, eliminating the loss caused by the intermediate transmission link; third, the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system supports the rotor assembly and the propeller. , bear its weight and thrust, make it in a suspended state during the rotation process, reduce friction, reduce friction power consumption, and the above measures all improve the propulsion efficiency; the noise and vibration of the present invention is reduced: because the rotor directly drives the propeller, The vibration and noise caused by the gear meshing of the gear box in the traditional propulsion type are eliminated; secondly, during the operation of the propeller, the bearing pair is a non-contact mode magnetic-hydraulic suspension bearing system, which greatly reduces frictional noise and vibration. To sum up, the noise Vibration is reduced; the structure of the invention is simplified, the weight is lighter, the reliability is improved, and the space in the cabin is less; the coupling, gear box, shaft system, sliding bearing and bearing seat, stern inherent in the traditional electric propulsion type are cancelled. The intermediate transmission parts such as the tube sealing system have a simpler structure, higher reliability, and at the same time, the weight is greatly reduced; in addition, because the motor is placed underwater, the space in the cabin is saved.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for description purposes, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications are made to the embodiments, and at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope.

Claims (9)

1. a ring-shaped electric propeller supported by a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing, is characterized in that, comprising: a casing, a rim type motor, a magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system and a propeller, wherein, The rim type motor includes: a stator assembly, a rotor assembly and an end face flange, the stator assembly and the rotor assembly are arranged in the casing, and the end face flanges are respectively provided at both ends of the casing; The magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system is located on the end face flange, and the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system includes: a rotor end plate, a thrust plate, a dynamic thrust ring and a static thrust ring, the rotor end plate and the rotor The component is connected with the end face flange and has a first clearance channel, the rotor end plate is internally provided with a first water flow channel that communicates with the first clearance channel, and the thrust plate is fixed on the rotor end There is a second clearance channel connected with the first clearance channel between the end of the plate and the end face flange, and the inside of the thrust plate is provided with the second clearance channel and the first water flow channel respectively. The second water flow channel is connected to the second water flow channel, which is used for water flow to form liquid suspension; the dynamic thrust ring is arranged on the inner wall of the thrust plate, and the static thrust ring is arranged on the end face method corresponding to the position of the dynamic thrust ring. On the outer wall of the blue, it is used to generate magnetic repulsion to form magnetic levitation; The propeller is connected to the rotor assembly. 2 . The annular electric thruster according to claim 1 , wherein the rotor end plate is further provided with a radial high-pressure water cavity, and the radial high-pressure water cavity is respectively connected with the first clearance channel and the first clearance channel. 3 . A water flow channel is connected to generate a radial high-pressure water flow. 3 . The annular electric thruster according to claim 1 , wherein the thrust disk is further provided with an axial high pressure water cavity and a water inlet, and the axial high pressure water cavity is respectively connected with the second clearance channel and the water inlet. 4 . The second water flow channel is communicated with each other for generating an axial high-pressure water flow, and the water inlet is communicated with the second water flow channel. 4 . The annular electric thruster according to claim 3 , wherein a high-pressure water pump is connected to the water inlet. 5 . 5 . The annular electric thruster according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic-hydraulic composite suspension bearing system further comprises: anti-friction blocks, the anti-friction blocks are arranged on the outer wall of the end face flange. 6 . 6 . The annular electric propulsion device according to claim 1 , wherein the stator assembly is fixed above the inner steps of the end face flanges at both ends, and the rotor assembly is located inside the stator assembly. 7 . 7 . The annular electric thruster according to claim 1 , wherein the propeller is an integral propeller or a split propeller. 8 . 8. The annular electric thruster according to claim 1, wherein the dynamic thrust ring and the static thrust ring are both permanent magnets or electromagnetic coils wrapped with anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion coatings, and the same poles are opposite to each other to generate magnetic repulsion. . 9 . The annular electric propulsion device according to claim 1 , wherein the rim-type motor is a rim-type permanent magnet brushless motor. 10 .

Images