CN111434886B - Mechanical drilling speed calculation method and device for drilling process - Google Patents
Mechanical drilling speed calculation method and device for drilling process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a mechanical drilling speed calculation method for a drilling process, which comprises the following steps: determining lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of the target well, and calculating the mechanical drilling speed of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling speed prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling speed value; according to the block drilling speed information of the block to which the target well belongs and the adjacent well drilling speed information of the adjacent well of the target well, carrying out rationality judgment on the predicted drilling speed value; and adjusting the influence parameters influencing the drilling rate in the drilling rate prediction model based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, and obtaining the drilling rate value of the well section to be measured according to the adjusted drilling rate prediction model. According to the method, based on the oil field block database and the data analysis technology, the influence parameters influencing the mechanical drilling speed and the relation among the parameters are analyzed, a mechanical drilling speed prediction model is constructed, and the mechanical drilling speed prediction can be carried out on the well section to be detected of the target well. And the constructed drilling rate prediction model can be adjusted, so that the drilling rate prediction precision of the well section to be measured is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drilling engineering, in particular to a mechanical drilling speed calculation method and device for a drilling process.
Background
The rate of penetration is an index reflecting the method of crushing the rock used, the nature of the rock drilled, the drilling process used and the state of the art, and is expressed in terms of the drilling footage drilled in a unit of pure drilling time. In the field of drilling engineering, the prediction of the mechanical drilling rate is always a great problem to be solved urgently for optimizing drilling, and the higher prediction precision of the mechanical drilling rate can predict the drilling cost and the drilling time, so that the drilling production is guided, a drilling machine and workers are reasonably arranged, and a basis is provided for the arrangement of drilling projects. At present, the prediction precision of the prior art cannot meet the field requirement.
Therefore, the invention provides a mechanical drilling speed calculation method and device for a drilling process.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for calculating a rate of penetration for a drilling process, the method comprising the steps of:
determining lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of a target well, and calculating the mechanical drilling speed of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling speed prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling speed value;
carrying out rationality judgment on the predicted drilling speed value according to the block drilling speed information of the block to which the target well belongs and the adjacent well drilling speed information of the adjacent well of the target well;
and adjusting the influence parameters influencing the drilling rate in the drilling rate prediction model based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, and obtaining the drilling rate value of the well section to be measured according to the adjusted drilling rate prediction model.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of judging the rationality of the predicted drilling rate further comprises the following steps:
comparing the predicted drilling rate value with the block drilling rate average value and the block drilling rate maximum value in the block drilling rate information, and judging whether the predicted drilling rate value is within a first preset range;
and when the predicted drilling speed value is within the first preset range, comparing the predicted drilling speed value with the adjacent well drilling speed value in the adjacent well drilling speed information, and judging whether the predicted drilling speed value is within a second preset range.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of adjusting the influence parameter affecting the rate of penetration in the rate of penetration prediction model further includes the following steps:
performing an alignment operation on the impact parameter when the predicted drilling rate value is not within the first preset range or the second predicted range;
and substituting the lithology information into a mechanical drilling rate prediction model after the alignment operation so as to update the predicted drilling rate value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the predicted drilling rate value is within the first preset range and the second preset range at the same time, the current predicted drilling rate value is taken as the rate of penetration value.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the impact parameters include: formation information, bit type, drilling fluid density, weight on bit, rotational speed, pump pressure, and displacement.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the constructing the rate of penetration prediction model specifically includes the following steps:
constructing a block database according to the acquired geological information of the block to which the target well belongs, the actual drilling information of the completed well and the drilling in the well, the engineering design information of the target well, the information of the adjacent well and the well history information;
establishing a single influence parameter analysis model, a historical mechanical drilling rate analysis model and an influence parameter analysis model based on the block database;
and integrating the single influence parameter analysis model, the historical drilling rate analysis model and the influence parameter analysis model to obtain the drilling rate prediction model.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the predicted drilling rate further comprises the following steps:
and obtaining a predicted drilling speed value at any preset interval point of the well section to be detected through the mechanical drilling speed prediction model.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a rate of penetration calculation apparatus for use in a drilling process, the apparatus comprising:
the drilling rate prediction module is used for determining lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of the target well, and calculating the mechanical drilling rate of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling rate prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling rate value;
the rationality judging module is used for judging the rationality of the predicted drilling rate value according to the block drilling rate information of the block to which the target well belongs and the adjacent well drilling rate information of the adjacent well of the target well;
and the adjusting and calculating module is used for adjusting the influence parameters influencing the drilling rate in the drilling rate prediction model based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, and obtaining the drilling rate value of the well section to be detected according to the adjusted drilling rate prediction model.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rationality judging module includes:
the first judgment unit is used for comparing the predicted drilling rate value with the block drilling rate average value and the block drilling rate maximum value in the block drilling rate information and judging whether the predicted drilling rate value is in a first preset range or not;
and the second judging unit is used for comparing the predicted drilling speed value with an adjacent well drilling speed value in the adjacent well drilling speed information when the predicted drilling speed value is in the first preset range, and judging whether the predicted drilling speed value is in a second preset range.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the adjustment calculation module comprises:
an alignment unit for performing an alignment operation on the impact parameter when the predicted rate of penetration value is not within the first preset range or the second predicted range;
an updating unit for bringing the lithology information into a mechanical drilling rate prediction model after an alignment operation to update the predicted drilling rate value.
The method and the device for calculating the mechanical drilling speed in the drilling process analyze the influence parameters influencing the mechanical drilling speed and the relationship among the parameters based on the oil field block database and the data analysis technology, construct a mechanical drilling speed prediction model, can predict the mechanical drilling speed of the well section to be tested of the target well, can adjust the constructed mechanical drilling speed prediction model, improve the mechanical drilling speed prediction precision of the well section to be tested, have high coincidence rate with the actual drilling speed in application, and meet the application requirements of a drilling site.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a calculated rate of penetration value in a method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram for constructing a rate of penetration prediction model in a rate of penetration calculation method for a drilling process according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of a method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a rate of penetration calculation device for use in a drilling process, according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, in step S101, lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of a target well is determined, and the rate of penetration of the to-be-measured well section is calculated according to a constructed rate of penetration prediction model, so as to obtain a predicted rate of penetration value. Specifically, a predicted drilling rate value at any preset interval point of the well section to be measured is obtained through a mechanical drilling rate prediction model.
Further, the rate of penetration prediction model is pre-constructed and may be constructed by the method shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, in step S301, a block database is constructed according to the acquired geological information of the block to which the target well belongs, the information of the completed well and the actual drilling of the well, the engineering design information of the target well, the information of the neighboring wells, and the well history information.
Next, in step S302, a single impact parameter analysis model, a historical rate of penetration analysis model, and an inter-impact parameter analysis model are established based on the block database.
Finally, in step S303, the single impact parameter analysis model, the historical drilling rate analysis model, and the inter-impact parameter analysis model are integrated to obtain a drilling rate prediction model.
As shown in fig. 1, after the predicted drilling rate value is obtained by the mechanical drilling rate prediction model, in step S102, the rationality of the predicted drilling rate value is determined according to the drilling rate information of the block of the target well and the drilling rate information of the adjacent wells of the target well.
Finally, in step S103, based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, an influence parameter influencing the rate of penetration in the rate of penetration prediction model is adjusted, and a rate of penetration value of the well section to be measured is obtained according to the adjusted rate of penetration prediction model.
Further, the rate of penetration value may be calculated by the method shown in fig. 2, and as shown in fig. 2, in step S201, the predicted rate of penetration value is calculated according to the rate of penetration prediction model. Then, in step S202, it is determined whether the predicted drilling rate value is within a first preset range. Specifically, the predicted drilling rate value is compared with the block drilling rate average value and the block drilling rate maximum value in the block drilling rate information, and whether the predicted drilling rate value is within a first preset range or not is judged.
If the result of the determination in step S202 is negative, the process proceeds to step S203, and the rate of penetration prediction model is adjusted. Specifically, an alignment operation is performed on the influencing parameters. After the alignment operation, the process proceeds to step S201. Specifically, lithology information is brought into the rate of penetration prediction model after the alignment operation to update the predicted rate of penetration value.
And when the predicted drilling speed value meets the judgment condition in the step S202, the step S204 is executed, and whether the predicted drilling speed value is in a second preset range or not is judged. Specifically, the predicted drilling speed value is compared with the adjacent well drilling speed value in the adjacent well drilling speed information, and whether the predicted drilling speed value is within a second preset range or not is judged.
And if the judgment result in the step S204 is negative, the step S203 is carried out, and when the predicted drilling rate value meets the judgment condition in the step S204, the step S205 is carried out, and the current predicted drilling rate value is used as the mechanical drilling rate value.
Preferably, the influencing parameters comprise: formation information, bit type, drilling fluid density, weight on bit, rotational speed, pump pressure, and displacement.
FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of a method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a large database of an oil field block is established, the rate of penetration influencing factors and the relation are analyzed based on the big data technology, an influencing parameter weight matrix is constructed, and the rate of penetration prediction of a section to be drilled is performed. Experiments and applications are carried out in key well drilling construction monitoring projects in certain oil field blocks, the predicted drilling speed and the actual drilling speed are high in coincidence rate, and the requirements of field application can be met.
Further, the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, establishing a large database of a certain oilfield block: the collected data comprises geological information of an oil field block, actual drilling information of a completed well and a well in the well, engineering design information of a target well (i.e. a well with the mechanical drilling rate to be predicted), adjacent well information, well history information and the like. And the large data of the oil field blocks are collected and stored by establishing an oil field block large data collection program.
Then, based on the big data and big data technology of the oil field block, a single influence parameter analysis program is established, the influence factors of the mechanical drilling rate are analyzed respectively aiming at different stratums of the oil field block, and the average value (block parameter average value for short, which is the average value of the area with the most intensive distribution of the influence parameter values) and the maximum value (block parameter maximum value for short, which is the average value of the area with the higher distribution of the influence parameter values) of each influence factor parameter (including the drilling fluid density, the drilling pressure, the rotating speed, the pumping pressure, the discharge capacity and the like) of the depth section of every 10 meters (which can be defined by the user) are output. The lowest value and the highest value may be a range of values. Wherein: the main factors that influence rate of penetration include formation, bit type, drilling fluid density, weight on bit, rotational speed, pump pressure and displacement, etc.
Then, based on the big data and big data technology of the oil field block, a mechanical drilling speed analysis program is established, mechanical drilling speed analysis is respectively carried out on different stratums of the oil field block, and the average value of the mechanical drilling speed (block drilling speed average value, namely the average value of the area with the most dense mechanical drilling speed value distribution) and the maximum value (block drilling speed maximum value, namely the average value of the area with the dense mechanical drilling speed distribution of the larger value) of the mechanical drilling speed values in each 10-meter depth section of the oil field block are output.
Then, based on the big data and big data technology of the oil field block, an influence parameter relation analysis program is established, relation analysis among all influence factors of the mechanical drilling rate is carried out respectively aiming at different stratums of the oil field block, and an influence parameter weight (influence degree) matrix is established.
After the above steps are completed, selecting the stratum and lithology corresponding to the well section to be predicted of the target well, establishing a mechanical drilling speed prediction program, predicting the mechanical drilling speed aiming at the well section to be predicted of the target well, and outputting the mechanical drilling speed value (the predicted drilling speed value for short) of each 10 m depth section of the well section to be predicted. The predicted rate of penetration value may be a range value.
And then, comparing the predicted drilling speed value with the block drilling speed average value and the block drilling speed maximum value (establishing a predicted drilling speed rationality judgment program) and judging whether the predicted drilling speed value is rational or not. The principle of discrimination: and predicting whether the drilling speed value is within the range of the average block drilling speed and 110% of the highest block drilling speed value, wherein the predicted drilling speed value is not higher than 10% of the highest block drilling speed value and is considered to be reasonable. It is not reasonable to predict the drilling rate value to be lower than the average value of the block drilling rates or higher than 110% of the highest value of the block drilling rates. When it is not reasonable, an adjustment of one or more influencing parameter values is made.
When the predicted rate of penetration is not reasonable, one or more adjustments are made that affect the parameter values. And establishing an influence parameter adjusting program, judging the rationality of the adjusting parameter, and judging whether the adjusting parameter value is between the block average value and 110% of the maximum value of the influence parameter. That is, the adjusted certain influence parameter value is not lower than the average value of the block parameters and not higher than 110% of the maximum value of the block parameters (the floating of 10% is considered reasonable).
And aiming at the drilling fluid density parameter, the mechanical drilling speed is in inverse proportion to the drilling fluid density, wherein the highest value of the block parameter can be regarded as the minimum value, and the adjusted drilling fluid density parameter is not higher than the average value of the block parameter and is not lower than 90% of the block parameter value (the lower floating 10% is regarded as reasonable). And after adjusting the influence parameter values, predicting the drilling rate of the machine again.
And then, comparing the predicted drilling speed value with the actual drilling speed of the adjacent well (establishing a predicted drilling speed rationality judgment program) and judging whether the predicted drilling speed is rational or not. The principle of discrimination: and predicting whether the error between the drilling rate value and the drilling rate value of the adjacent well is within the range of 10% or not according to the same depth section. The error is in the range of 10% and it is considered reasonable to predict the rate of penetration. If the error exceeds the range of 10%, the drilling speed is considered to be unreasonable to be predicted, one or more influencing parameter values are adjusted, and the mechanical drilling speed is predicted again.
And when the predicted drilling speed is reasonable, outputting the predicted drilling speed value of each 10-meter depth section of the section to be drilled and each influence parameter value of the section to be drilled.
In practical application, according to the method provided by the invention, experiments and application are carried out in key well drilling construction monitoring projects of a certain oil field block, geological information of the oil field block, actual drilling information of a completed well and a well to be drilled, engineering design information of a target well (namely a well with the mechanical drilling speed to be predicted), adjacent well information, well history information and the like are collected, a large database of the oil field block is established, and mechanical drilling speed influence factors and relationships and mechanical drilling speed prediction of a section to be drilled are carried out on the basis of a large data technology. When the method is applied to a monitoring well X, the predicted mechanical drilling rate of the section to be drilled is higher than 95% in accordance with the actual drilling rate, and the requirements of field application are met.
FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a rate of penetration calculation device for use in a drilling process, according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the device 500 for calculating the rate of penetration of a machine includes a module 501 for predicting the rate of penetration, a module 502 for judging the rationality, and a module 503 for adjusting the plan. The rationality determining module 502 includes a first determining unit 5021 and a second determining unit 5022. The adjustment planning module 503 includes an alignment unit 5031 and an update unit 5032.
The drilling rate prediction module 501 is configured to determine lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of the target well, and calculate a mechanical drilling rate of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling rate prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling rate value.
The rationality determining module 502 is configured to perform rationality determination on the predicted drilling rate value according to the drilling rate information of the block of the target well and the drilling rate information of the adjacent wells of the target well.
The first determining unit 5021 is configured to compare the predicted drilling rate with the average value of the block drilling rates and the maximum value of the block drilling rates in the block drilling rate information, and determine whether the predicted drilling rate is within a first preset range. The second determining unit 5022 is configured to compare the predicted drilling rate with the drilling rate of the adjacent well in the drilling rate information of the adjacent well when the predicted drilling rate is within the first preset range, and determine whether the predicted drilling rate is within the second preset range.
The adjusting and calculating module 503 is configured to adjust an influence parameter influencing the rate of penetration in the rate of penetration prediction model based on the determination result of the rationality determination, and obtain a rate of penetration value of the to-be-measured well section according to the adjusted rate of penetration prediction model.
The alignment unit 5031 is adapted to perform an alignment operation on the influencing parameter when the predicted penetration rate value is not within the first preset range or within said second predicted range. The updating unit 5032 is configured to bring the lithology information into the mechanical drilling rate prediction model after the alignment operation to update the predicted drilling rate value.
In summary, the method and the device for calculating the mechanical drilling rate in the drilling process, provided by the invention, are based on the oil field block database and the data analysis technology, analyze the influence parameters influencing the mechanical drilling rate and the relationship among the parameters, construct a mechanical drilling rate prediction model, and can predict the mechanical drilling rate of the well section to be tested of the target well.
It is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments of the invention are not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein but are extended to equivalents thereof as would be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.
Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of rate of penetration calculation for a drilling process, the method comprising the steps of:
determining lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of a target well, and calculating the mechanical drilling speed of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling speed prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling speed value;
carrying out rationality judgment on the predicted drilling speed value according to the block drilling speed information of the block to which the target well belongs and the adjacent well drilling speed information of the adjacent well of the target well;
based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, adjusting an influence parameter influencing the drilling rate in the drilling rate prediction model, and obtaining the drilling rate value of the well section to be measured according to the adjusted drilling rate prediction model;
the step of judging the rationality of the predicted drilling rate value further comprises the following steps:
comparing the predicted drilling rate value with the block drilling rate average value and the block drilling rate maximum value in the block drilling rate information, and judging whether the predicted drilling rate value is within a first preset range;
and when the predicted drilling speed value is within the first preset range, comparing the predicted drilling speed value with the adjacent well drilling speed value in the adjacent well drilling speed information, and judging whether the predicted drilling speed value is within a second preset range.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the rate of penetration influencing parameters of the rate of penetration prediction model further comprises the steps of:
when the predicted drilling speed value is not in the first preset range or the second preset range, carrying out alignment operation on the influence parameters;
and substituting the lithology information into a mechanical drilling rate prediction model after the alignment operation so as to update the predicted drilling rate value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein a current predicted rate of penetration value is taken as the rate of penetration value when the predicted rate of penetration value is within both the first predetermined range and the second predetermined range.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the impact parameters comprise: formation information, bit type, drilling fluid density, weight on bit, rotational speed, pump pressure, and displacement.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein constructing the rate of penetration prediction model specifically comprises the steps of:
constructing a block database according to the acquired geological information of the block to which the target well belongs, the actual drilling information of the completed well and the drilling in the well, the engineering design information of the target well, the information of the adjacent well and the well history information;
establishing a single influence parameter analysis model, a historical mechanical drilling rate analysis model and an influence parameter analysis model based on the block database;
and integrating the single influence parameter analysis model, the historical drilling rate analysis model and the influence parameter analysis model to obtain the drilling rate prediction model.
6. The method of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the step of obtaining a predicted rate of penetration value further comprises the steps of:
and obtaining a predicted drilling speed value at any preset interval point of the well section to be detected through the mechanical drilling speed prediction model.
7. A rate of penetration calculation apparatus for use in a drilling process, the apparatus comprising:
the drilling rate prediction module is used for determining lithology information of a stratum corresponding to a to-be-measured well section of the target well, and calculating the mechanical drilling rate of the to-be-measured well section according to the constructed mechanical drilling rate prediction model to obtain a predicted drilling rate value;
the rationality judging module is used for judging the rationality of the predicted drilling rate value according to the block drilling rate information of the block to which the target well belongs and the adjacent well drilling rate information of the adjacent well of the target well;
the adjusting and calculating module is used for adjusting the influence parameters influencing the drilling rate in the drilling rate predicting model based on the judgment result of the rationality judgment, and obtaining the drilling rate value of the well section to be measured according to the adjusted drilling rate predicting model;
the rationality judgment module includes:
the first judgment unit is used for comparing the predicted drilling rate value with the block drilling rate average value and the block drilling rate maximum value in the block drilling rate information and judging whether the predicted drilling rate value is in a first preset range or not;
and the second judging unit is used for comparing the predicted drilling speed value with an adjacent well drilling speed value in the adjacent well drilling speed information when the predicted drilling speed value is in the first preset range, and judging whether the predicted drilling speed value is in a second preset range.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the adjustment calculation module comprises:
an alignment unit for performing an alignment operation on the impact parameter when the predicted drilling rate value is not within the first preset range or the second preset range;
an updating unit for bringing the lithology information into a mechanical drilling rate prediction model after an alignment operation to update the predicted drilling rate value.
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| CN113408081B (en) * | 2021-08-14 | 2022-09-02 | 西南石油大学 | Deep drilling-while-drilling refinement optimization method based on data driving |
| CN114000862B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-07-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Geological drilling process drilling rate intelligent control system based on dynamic optimization |
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