CN111427100B - Typhoon center positioning method and device and typhoon path generation method - Google Patents
Typhoon center positioning method and device and typhoon path generation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111427100B CN111427100B CN202010234985.XA CN202010234985A CN111427100B CN 111427100 B CN111427100 B CN 111427100B CN 202010234985 A CN202010234985 A CN 202010234985A CN 111427100 B CN111427100 B CN 111427100B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a typhoon center positioning method, a device and a typhoon path generating method, wherein the typhoon center positioning method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining bottom layer wind field data, height field data and sea level air pressure data, then identifying a low pressure center of a monitoring area, then judging whether an overlapping area exists between the low pressure center and a vortex center of a bottom layer wind field, whether a peripheral maximum wind speed value is larger than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value and whether a central air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure value, if so, using the overlapping area as a candidate point of the typhoon center, judging whether a maximum value center and a minimum value center of air pressure gradient in horizontal and vertical directions exist around a candidate point of the typhoon center, if so, conforming to the characteristics of typhoon, and using the candidate point of the typhoon as the typhoon center point. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the typhoon center can be positioned before the formed typhoon is observed through the live cloud picture, so that the real-time typhoon path is detected, and the problem of hysteresis in the conventional typhoon center positioning technology is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of typhoon monitoring, in particular to a typhoon center positioning method and a typhoon path generating method.
Background
At present, the typhoon center positioning forecast is based on numerical product forecast, and the existing typhoon positioning forecasting method generally comprises the following steps: a predictor observes the formed typhoon through a live cloud picture, then positions the center of the typhoon in a manual marking mode, the positioning point of the center of the typhoon is a first point, a low-layer numerical prediction product (an air pressure field and a height field) radiates outwards by taking the point as a center for a certain radius at the next moment, then the lowest value except the first point is searched as the center of the typhoon at the moment by using a rolling iteration method in a certain direction, and finally the purpose of forecasting the typhoon positioning by using the numerical prediction product is achieved. However, in the traditional typhoon positioning method, the center of the typhoon can be positioned only after the formed typhoon is observed through a live cloud picture, and certain hysteresis is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a typhoon center positioning method and a typhoon path generating method, which can position a typhoon center before a formed typhoon is observed through a live cloud picture, then detect a real-time typhoon path and solve the problem of hysteresis in the conventional typhoon center positioning technology.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for positioning a typhoon center, including:
acquiring bottom layer wind field data, altitude field data and sea level air pressure data of a monitoring area;
identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the height field data and the sea level air pressure data; identifying vortex centers of all bottom layer wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom layer wind field data;
taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists between the low-pressure center and a vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point;
calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitoring area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitoring area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed;
and if the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center within the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center, judging that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon center point.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
step A, taking grid points of a meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon central point as initial grid points;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points according to the wind direction shear;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; and in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point, at least one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exists.
Step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
step F, if the distance difference is less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid point
Adjusting the position of the center point of the typhoonTo the candidate point to be compared.
Further, iteratively adjusting the position of the typhoon central point in the following manner until the position of the typhoon central point is adjusted to a second grid point:
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are deviated from the north, moving the position of the typhoon central point from the initial grid point to the right by one grid point;
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are south, the position of the typhoon central point is moved to the left by one grid point from the initial grid point;
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the westward wind directions, moving the position of the typhoon central point upwards by one grid point from the initial grid point;
and if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions of the east, moving the position of the center point of the typhoon downwards by one grid point from the initial grid point.
On the basis of the above method item embodiments, the present invention correspondingly provides apparatus item embodiments;
another embodiment of the present invention provides a typhoon center positioning device, including: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a first data processing module, a candidate point determination module, a second data processing module and a central point determination module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring bottom layer wind field data, height field data and sea level air pressure data of the monitoring area;
the first data processing module is used for identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the altitude field data and the sea level air pressure data; identifying vortex centers of all bottom layer wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom layer wind field data;
the candidate point determining module is used for taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists between the low-pressure center and the vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point;
the second data processing module is used for calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitoring area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitoring area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed;
the central point determining module is used for determining that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon central point when the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point.
Further, the device also comprises a position adjusting module; the position adjusting module is used for executing the following steps:
step A, taking grid points of a meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon central point as initial grid points;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points according to the wind direction shear;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; the grid points with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exist in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point;
step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
if the distance is not equal to the preset distanceWith differences less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid
And adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to the candidate point to be compared.
On the basis of the above method item embodiment, another embodiment is provided;
another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a typhoon path, which includes obtaining positions of typhoon center points of a plurality of time nodes by the method for positioning a typhoon center according to any one of the above method items of the present invention, and then generating the typhoon path according to the positions of the typhoon center points of the time nodes.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention discloses a typhoon center positioning method, a device and a typhoon path generation method, wherein the typhoon center positioning method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining bottom layer wind field data, height field data and sea level air pressure data, then identifying a low pressure center of a monitoring area according to the height field data and the sea level air pressure data, further judging whether an overlapping area exists between the low pressure center and a vortex center of a bottom layer wind field or not, whether the maximum peripheral wind speed value meets a preset condition or not and whether the air pressure value of the low pressure center is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value or not after identifying the low pressure center, and if so, indicating that the structure of the vortex type existing in the low pressure area where the low pressure center is located is possibly typhoon, so that the low pressure center meeting the condition is firstly used as a candidate point of the typhoon center, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the vertical air pressure gradient of the monitoring area, Wind speed shear and wind direction shear; further, whether a maximum value center and a minimum value center of the air pressure gradient in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction exist around the typhoon center candidate point or not is judged, if yes, the typhoon center candidate point accords with the characteristics of typhoon, and the typhoon center candidate point is used as a typhoon center point. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the typhoon center can be positioned before the formed typhoon is observed through the live cloud picture, so that the real-time typhoon path is detected, and the problem of hysteresis in the conventional typhoon center positioning technology is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a typhoon center positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a typhoon center positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for positioning a typhoon center, including:
step 101, acquiring bottom layer wind field data, altitude field data and sea level air pressure data of a monitored area.
Step 102, identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the height field data and the sea level air pressure data; and identifying the vortex centers of the bottom wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom wind field data.
And 103, taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists with the vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point.
And 104, calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitored area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitored area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed.
And 105, if the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum value center and a symmetric minimum value center, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum value center and a symmetric minimum value center within the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, judging that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon center point.
For step S101, the preferable data of the bottom layer wind field include a horizontal wind field 2 meters away from the sea level, a horizontal wind field of 925hPa height, and a horizontal wind field of 850hPa height, and the height field data refers to data of the 925hPa potential height field and data of the 850hPa potential height field. For the step S102, identifying low-pressure centers of the altitude field data and the sea level air pressure data by the existing rolling ball method to obtain the low-pressure centers of the monitoring areas, and identifying vortex centers in the low-level wind field by the existing linear integral algorithm;
for step S103, first, it is determined whether the maximum wind speed at the periphery of the low-pressure center is equal to a preset wind speed threshold (preferably, the preset wind speed threshold is any one of values from 13m/S to 18 m/S), where the periphery refers to a main area of the typhoon gale area (from the typhoon edge to the outer edge of the vortex area, the radius is about 200-; in addition, the maximum wind speed here refers to only a low-level wind field (2 m horizontal wind field, 925hPa high-level wind field, 850hPa high-level wind field), and the maximum value of the wind speeds of the three-level wind field in the high wind area is calculated as the typhoon maximum wind speed.
If it is continuously determined whether the air pressure in the low pressure center is less than the preset air pressure threshold (preferably 1010hPa),
if the low-pressure center is continuously judged whether to coincide with or cover the vortex center, if so, the fact that the vortex structure possibly serves as a typhoon location exists in a low-pressure area where the low-pressure center is located is shown, and at the moment, the low-pressure center meeting the two conditions serves as a candidate point of the typhoon center;
in step S104, the full wind speed (horizontal wind) is obtained by vector addition calculation of the latitudinal wind (u) and the latitudinal wind (v) of the lower layer (the bottom layer refers to three height layers of sea level, 925hPa and 850 hPa), and then the direction of the horizontal wind is obtained by processing the full wind speed, u and v by a vector dot product method; performing edge front-back difference on the low-layer wind speed and wind direction obtained by calculating the height field data, sea level air pressure and step5, and calculating horizontal and vertical air pressure gradient and wind speed shear by using an internal center difference method;
in step S105, it is preferable that, with the typhoon candidate point as the center, it is determined whether or not there are both of the following points within a range of 5 ° in radius (5 ° in longitude and 5 ° in latitude):
the horizontal air pressure gradient takes a typhoon candidate point as a symmetrical center, and a symmetrical maximum value center and a symmetrical minimum value center exist;
the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon candidate point as a symmetrical center, and a symmetrical maximum value center and a symmetrical minimum value center exist;
if the typhoon candidate point exists, the area where the typhoon candidate point is located is judged to be a typhoon area, and the typhoon candidate point is a typhoon central point.
If the condition is not met, the typhoon candidate point is judged not to be the typhoon central point.
Through the steps, the initial positioning of the center of the typhoon is carried out through the live cloud picture, the typhoon is judged whether to exist or not directly through numerical prediction, and the center of the typhoon is determined, so that the typhoon center can be positioned earlier than the typhoon center by the traditional technical means.
The bottom layer wind field data, the altitude field data and the sea level air pressure data are meteorological grid data, and the typhoon center positioned by the method is on a grid point of a meteorological grid, namely the method can only position the typhoon center to the grid point, but the position of the typhoon center can not be further accurate to a secondary grid like the prior art; to solve the above problems;
in a preferred embodiment, after the typhoon center is determined by the step S105, the method further comprises the step A of taking the grid point of the meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon center point as an initial grid point;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; the grid points with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exist in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point;
step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
step F, if the distance difference is less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid point
And adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to the candidate point to be compared.
Firstly, the grid point corresponding to the position of the typhoon center determined in the step S105 is used as an initial grid point, then the wind directions of 8 grid points adjacent to the initial grid point (namely 8 grid points of the initial grid point, namely the upper grid point, the lower grid point, the left grid point, the upper left grid point, the lower left grid point, the upper right grid point and the lower right grid point) are judged, then the wind direction difference between the 8 grid points and the initial grid point is calculated, if one wind direction difference between the 8 grid points and the initial grid point exists, and is larger than a preset wind direction difference (preferably 120 degrees), the position of the typhoon center point is kept unchanged, and if the wind direction difference does not exist, the position of the typhoon center point is adjusted to a second grid point; the second lattice point satisfies the following condition: in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point, at least one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exists;
preferably, the position of the typhoon center point is adjusted to the second lattice point by: if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are deviated from the north, moving the position of the typhoon central point from the initial grid point to the right by one grid point; if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are south, the position of the typhoon central point is moved to the left by one grid point from the initial grid point; if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the westward wind directions, moving the position of the typhoon central point upwards by one grid point from the initial grid point; and if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions of the east, moving the position of the center point of the typhoon downwards by one grid point from the initial grid point.
That is, if the wind directions of 8 grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the north wind directions, the position of the center point of the typhoon is shifted to the right by one grid point from the initial grid point, if the wind directions are all the south wind directions, the position is shifted to the left, if the wind directions are all the west wind directions, the position is shifted to the upper direction, and if the wind directions are all the east wind directions, the position is shifted to the lower direction. And after moving, continuously judging whether a point with a wind direction difference of more than 120 degrees with the wind direction of the typhoon candidate point exists in the wind directions of 8 grid points adjacent to the new grid point where the typhoon central point is located, if not, continuously moving according to the rule until the position of the typhoon central point is adjusted to a second grid point meeting the condition.
The method comprises the following steps of adjusting the position of the typhoon center point to enable the typhoon center point to be positioned on the grid point of the innermost layer of the spiral wind field, and enabling the typhoon center to be still positioned on the grid point of the meteorological grid through the adjustment.
Therefore, after the grid point position of the typhoon center is adjusted, the position of the typhoon center point is taken as the center, wind direction shear is subjected to linear interpolation encryption within a preset radius range (preferably 5 degrees, namely, longitude difference is 5 degrees and latitude difference is 5 degrees), wind speed shear zero lines in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are obtained, and the intersection point of the two zero lines (namely the candidate point to be compared) is obtained; then judging the distance difference between the candidate point to be compared and the grid point where the typhoon center point is currently located; if less than or equal to
And the grid point resolution represents the more accurate typhoon center of the secondary grid by the intersection bottom point.
By the method, the typhoon center can be accurate to the secondary grid, and the accuracy is higher.
On the basis of the above method item embodiments, the present invention correspondingly provides apparatus item embodiments;
another embodiment of the present invention provides a typhoon center positioning device, including: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a first data processing module, a candidate point determination module, a second data processing module and a central point determination module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring bottom layer wind field data, height field data and sea level air pressure data of the monitoring area;
the first data processing module is used for identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the altitude field data and the sea level air pressure data; identifying vortex centers of all bottom layer wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom layer wind field data;
the candidate point determining module is used for taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists between the low-pressure center and the vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point;
the second data processing module is used for calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitoring area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitoring area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed;
the central point determining module is used for determining that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon central point when the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point.
Preferably, the device further comprises a position adjusting module; the position adjusting module is used for executing the following steps:
step A, taking grid points of a meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon central point as initial grid points;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; the grid points with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exist in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point;
step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
step F, if the distance difference is less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid point
And adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to the candidate point to be compared.
It should be noted that the above embodiments of the apparatus correspond to the embodiments of the method of the present invention, and the method for positioning a typhoon center according to any one of the embodiments of the method of the present invention can be implemented.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
On the basis of the above method embodiment, another embodiment of the present invention provides a typhoon path generating method, where the typhoon center positioning method according to any one of the above embodiments of the present invention is used to obtain the positions of the typhoon center points of a plurality of time nodes, and then the typhoon path is generated according to the positions of the typhoon center points of the time nodes.
Acquiring the typhoon center position of continuous time, and then connecting the typhoon centers according to the time sequence to obtain a typhoon forecast path; if the number of the typhoons is multiple, after the typhoon center position is obtained, the attribution problem of the typhoon center at the next moment is judged according to the principle that the typhoon paths do not intersect at the same time, and the forecast paths of the multiple typhoons are obtained.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the typhoon center can be positioned before the formed typhoon is observed through the live cloud picture, so that the real-time typhoon path is detected, and the problem of hysteresis in the conventional typhoon center positioning technology is solved.
2. Can be with the position location of typhoon center to the secondary grid in, more accurate.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A typhoon center positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring bottom layer wind field data, altitude field data and sea level air pressure data of a monitoring area;
identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the height field data and the sea level air pressure data; identifying vortex centers of all bottom layer wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom layer wind field data;
taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists between the low-pressure center and a vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point;
calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitoring area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitoring area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed;
and if the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center within the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and has a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center, judging that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon center point.
2. The typhoon center positioning method according to claim 1, further comprising,
step A, taking grid points of a meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon central point as initial grid points;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; the grid points with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exist in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point;
step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
step F, if the distance difference is less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid point
And adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to the candidate point to be compared.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the position of the typhoon center point is iteratively adjusted until the position of the typhoon center point is adjusted to the second lattice point by:
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are deviated from the north, moving the position of the typhoon central point from the initial grid point to the right by one grid point;
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions which are south, the position of the typhoon central point is moved to the left by one grid point from the initial grid point;
if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the westward wind directions, moving the position of the typhoon central point upwards by one grid point from the initial grid point;
and if the wind directions of the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point are all the wind directions of the east, moving the position of the center point of the typhoon downwards by one grid point from the initial grid point.
4. A typhoon center positioning device, comprising: the device comprises a data acquisition module, a first data processing module, a candidate point determination module, a second data processing module and a central point determination module;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring bottom layer wind field data, height field data and sea level air pressure data of the monitoring area;
the first data processing module is used for identifying the low-pressure center of the monitoring area according to the altitude field data and the sea level air pressure data; identifying vortex centers of all bottom layer wind fields in the monitoring area according to the bottom layer wind field data;
the candidate point determining module is used for taking a low-pressure center of which the peripheral maximum wind speed is greater than or equal to a preset wind speed threshold value, the air pressure value is smaller than a preset air pressure threshold value and an overlapping area exists between the low-pressure center and the vortex center as a typhoon center candidate point;
the second data processing module is used for calculating the bottom layer wind speed of the monitoring area, and then calculating the horizontal air pressure gradient, the vertical air pressure gradient and the wind speed shear of the monitoring area according to the height field data, the sea level air pressure data and the bottom layer wind speed;
the central point determining module is used for determining that the typhoon center candidate point is the typhoon central point when the horizontal air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point, and the vertical air pressure gradient takes the typhoon center candidate point as a symmetric center and a symmetric maximum center and a symmetric minimum center exist in the preset range of the typhoon center candidate point.
5. The typhoon center positioning device according to claim 4, further comprising a position adjusting module; the position adjusting module is used for executing the following steps:
step A, taking grid points of a meteorological grid corresponding to the position of the typhoon central point as initial grid points;
b, calculating the wind direction difference between the initial grid point and eight adjacent grid points;
step C, if one grid point with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference exists in the eight grid points adjacent to the initial grid point, keeping the position of the typhoon central point unchanged; if the typhoon does not exist, adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to a second lattice point; the grid points with the wind direction difference larger than the preset wind direction difference with the second grid point exist in eight grid points adjacent to the second grid point;
step D, generating a wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction within a preset radius range according to the wind speed shear by taking the position of the typhoon central point as the center, and taking the intersection point of the wind speed shear zero line in the horizontal direction and the wind speed shear zero line in the vertical direction as a candidate point to be compared;
e, calculating the position of the typhoon central point and the distance between the typhoon central point and the candidate point to be compared to obtain a distance difference value;
step F, if the distance difference is less than or equal to the resolution of a single grid point
And adjusting the position of the typhoon central point to the candidate point to be compared.
6. A typhoon path generation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the typhoon center positioning method according to any one of claims 1-3, obtaining the positions of the typhoon center points of a plurality of time nodes, and then generating the typhoon path according to the positions of the typhoon center points of the time nodes.
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