CN111426810A - Air-space-ground-integration-oriented water environment monitoring system deployment method - Google Patents

Air-space-ground-integration-oriented water environment monitoring system deployment method Download PDF

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CN111426810A
CN111426810A CN202010389885.4A CN202010389885A CN111426810A CN 111426810 A CN111426810 A CN 111426810A CN 202010389885 A CN202010389885 A CN 202010389885A CN 111426810 A CN111426810 A CN 111426810A
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unmanned aerial
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CN111426810B (en
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李旭杰
布雅
孙颖
辛元雪
沈寄畅
胡居荣
顾燕
张云飞
李建霓
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Hohai University HHU
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    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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    • G05D1/101—Simultaneous control of position or course in three dimensions specially adapted for aircraft
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    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for deploying a water environment monitoring system for air-space-ground integration, which comprises the following steps: initializing parameters such as communication distance, communication cost, sensor generated data quantity and the like; arranging a water quality monitoring terminal with a water quality sensor and a positioning and communication module along the water area along the shore for detecting the water environment and uploading monitoring information; determining a base station coverage area, an unmanned aerial vehicle communication coverage area and a satellite communication coverage area; calculating the maximum value of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the maximum flying distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and calculating the sensor sets in different coverage areas from the coverage radius of the base station by the set traversal step length, calculating the cost spent on acquiring data for one time for all the sensors to obtain the sensor set corresponding to the minimum cost, and finishing the deployment configuration of the terminal communication module based on the result. Compared with the prior art, the system can carry out all-water-area coverage all-weather monitoring on the water environment, has low cost and excellent performance, and is easy to realize.

Description

Air-space-ground-integration-oriented water environment monitoring system deployment method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water environment monitoring, in particular to a deployment method of a water environment monitoring system for air-space-ground integration.
Background
The next generation cellular networks are expected to provide anytime and anywhere communication services for different application users, such as traditional voice/video, smart cities, automobiles or ships, unmanned aircraft, marine monitoring, internet of things, and smart industries. The air-ground integration is a main architectural mode of the 6G network. The space, the air and the ground are integrated with a satellite, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a traditional cellular communication network, so that the problem that the traditional cellular communication covers a blind area far away from a base station area can be effectively solved, and seamless global coverage is really provided. In addition, it can also satisfy high data flow and large scale node communication required by various emerging applications.
At present, water environment protection becomes the basic national policy of the sustainable economic development of China. Therefore, water environment monitoring is used as a basis for water environment treatment and water environment management, judgment bases are provided for various standards, government supervision can be assisted, and the water environment monitoring becomes an important problem which needs to be solved urgently at present. The existing water environment monitoring has the problems of rare nodes, limited coverage area and the like, and the all-water-area coverage all-weather monitoring is still a troublesome problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for deploying a water environment monitoring system facing air-space-ground integration, aiming at the problem of water environment monitoring, so that the method has excellent performance, is easier to realize, and can be used for deploying the water environment monitoring system with low cost and high efficiency.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a deployment method of an air-space-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system comprises the following steps:
(1) initializing parameters: including unmanned aerial vehicle communication distance, maximum flyable distance, cost of different communication modes, data volume generated by each sensor per hour, and minimum value C of total cost of data collected onceminAnd a step size R of traversalstep；
(2) Arranging a water quality monitoring terminal with a water quality sensor module, a positioning module and a communication module along the shore of a water area, and detecting the water environment and uploading monitoring information;
(3) acquiring the position of a base station in the area from a base station information base, calculating the coverage area of the base station according to a path attenuation formula of wireless communication, and recording that the circular area with the outer ring radius of R is the coverage area of unmanned aerial vehicle communication and other areas are the coverage areas of satellite communication outside the coverage area of the base station;
(4) calculating the maximum value R of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the maximum flying distance of the unmanned aerial vehiclemaxLet RtempL, L is the base station coverage radius;
(5) calculating a sensor set S positioned in different coverage areas according to the position information of the sensorstemp1，Stemp2，Stemp3；
(6) C for calculating the cost of acquiring data once for all the sensors, and Rtemp＝Rtemp+RstepIf C is present<CminThen C ismin＝C,S1＝Stemp1，S2＝Stemp2，S3＝Stemp3；
(7) If R istempLess than RmaxTurning to the step (5); otherwise, output Cmin,S1,S2,S3According to S1,S2,S3And finishing the deployment configuration of the water quality monitoring terminal communication module.
The method for calculating the maximum value of the outer circle radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the step (4) comprises the following steps:
the unmanned aerial vehicle coverage area U is a circular area with the base station as the center, the inner ring radius of L and the outer ring radius of R, and according to the maximum flying length F of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle coverage area U has
Figure BDA0002485382090000021
Then calculating the maximum value R of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehiclemaxIs composed of
Figure BDA0002485382090000022
The cost for acquiring the data once in the step (6) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002485382090000023
where, # {. denotes the number of elements in the set, D is the amount of data generated per hour for each sensor, D is the unmanned aerial vehicle communication distance, PuFor the cost per meter of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, PnFor NBIoT data communication cost, PsFor satellite data communication costs.
The configuration of the water quality monitoring terminal communication module is as follows: s1Sensor configuration NBIoT communication Module, S, within the set2Zigbee module for communication between sensor configuration in set and unmanned aerial vehicle, S3The sensors in the set are configured with a Beidou module or a GPS module for satellite communication.
The water quality monitoring terminal is provided with: the water quality sensor module is used for acquiring the reading of the relevant water quality index; the positioning module is used for acquiring the position information of the terminal; and the wireless communication module is used for uploading the reading and the position information to the server.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method for deploying the water environment monitoring system facing the air-space-ground integration can be used for quickly deploying the system aiming at water environment monitoring, is low in cost, excellent in performance and easy to implement.
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Fig. 1 is a specific flowchart of a method for deploying an aerospace-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scenario of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an aerospace-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following figures and specific examples, which are to be understood as illustrative only and not as limiting the scope of the invention, which is to be given the full breadth of the appended claims and any and all equivalent modifications thereof which may occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification.
Fig. 2 depicts a scene diagram of a deployment method of an aerospace-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system, wherein communication modes include satellite communication, unmanned aerial vehicle communication and traditional cellular network communication.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for deploying an aerospace-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps:
(1) initializing parameters: the maximum flying distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is F meters, and the flying cost of the unmanned aerial vehicle per meter is PuYuan/m, unmanned aerial vehicle communication distance D m, NBIoT data communication price PnData communication price P of Yuan/bit Beidou satellitesElement/bit, data volume d bit generated by each sensor per hour, sensor spacing m meters, minimum value C of total cost for collecting data onceminStep size R is traversed 0step1, etc.
(2) And water quality monitoring terminals with water quality sensor modules, positioning modules and communication modules are arranged along the water area at intervals of m meters and used for detecting the water environment and uploading monitoring information.
(3) And acquiring the base station position information of the area from the base station information base.
The coverage area of the base station is B, the coverage area of unmanned aerial vehicle communication is U, the coverage area of satellite communication is A, wherein the coverage area of the base station B is a circular area with the coverage radius of L and taking the base station as the center, the unmanned aerial vehicle communication needs to be relayed by the base station, the coverage area U is a circular area with the base station as the center, the radius of an inner ring is L and the radius of an outer ring is R, and the coverage area of the satellite communication is other areas except the coverage area of the base station and the coverage area of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Suppose that the base station transmission power is PTThe signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio SINR required by normal communication is at least lambda, and the noise power is N0And the path attenuation factor is α, the coverage radius of the base station can be calculated according to the Shannon formula of the communication field
Figure BDA0002485382090000041
(4) According to the maximum flying length F meters of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle has
Figure BDA0002485382090000042
Then the maximum value R of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be calculatedmaxIs composed of
Figure BDA0002485382090000043
To find the minimum cost to acquire a round of data, the value of R can be traversed to solve. Let Rtemp＝L。
(5) According to the position information of each sensor (the spatial position information of the sensor can be read through a GPS or Beidou satellite), the distance from each sensor to the base station is calculated, so that each sensor can be attributed to different coverage areas, and the set S of the sensors in the coverage area of the base station, the coverage area of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the coverage area of the satellite can be obtainedtemp1，Stemp2，Stemp3。
(6) The cost of acquiring a round of data per hour for all sensors is then
Figure BDA0002485382090000044
Where, # {. denotes the number of elements in the set.
Then let Rtemp＝Rtemp+RstepIf C is present<CminThen C ismin＝C,S1＝Stemp1，S2＝Stemp2，S3＝Stemp3。
(7) If R istempLess than RmaxAnd (5) turning to the step (5).
(8) Output Cmin,S1,S2,S3。
(9) According to S1,S2,S3Completing the deployment configuration of each water quality monitoring terminal communication module, wherein S1Sensor configuration NBIoT communication Module, S, within the set2Zigbee module for communication between sensor configuration in set and unmanned aerial vehicle, S3The sensors in the set are configured with a Beidou module or a GPS module for satellite communication.
As shown in fig. 3, the air-space-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system disclosed in the embodiment of the invention comprises a water quality monitoring terminal, a base station, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a satellite, a server and the like. The water quality monitoring terminal comprises a water quality sensor module, a positioning module and wireless transmission modules such as NBIoT, Zigbee and Beidou (or GPS). The water quality sensor module is used for acquiring relevant water quality information, the positioning module acquires position information of the mobile terminal, and the wireless transmission module uploads the information to the server in various wireless communication modes.

Claims (5)

1. A deployment method of an air-space-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) initializing parameters: including unmanned aerial vehicle communication distance, maximum flyable distance, cost of different communication modes, data volume generated by each sensor per hour, and minimum value C of total cost of data collected onceminAnd a step size R of traversalstep；
(2) Arranging a water quality monitoring terminal with a water quality sensor module, a positioning module and a communication module along the shore of a water area, and detecting the water environment and uploading monitoring information;
(3) acquiring the position of a base station in the area from a base station information base, calculating the coverage area of the base station according to a path attenuation formula of wireless communication, and recording that the circular area with the outer ring radius of R is the coverage area of unmanned aerial vehicle communication and other areas are the coverage areas of satellite communication outside the coverage area of the base station;
(4) calculating the maximum value R of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the maximum flying distance of the unmanned aerial vehiclemaxLet RtempL, L is the base station coverage radius;
(5) calculating a sensor set S positioned in different coverage areas according to the position information of the sensorstemp1，Stemp2，Stemp3；
(6) C for calculating the cost of acquiring data once for all the sensors, and Rtemp＝Rtemp+RstepIf C is present<CminThen C ismin＝C,S1＝Stemp1，S2＝Stemp2，S3＝Stemp3；
(7) If R istempLess than RmaxTurning to the step (5); otherwise, output Cmin,S1,S2,S3According to S1,S2,S3And finishing the deployment configuration of the water quality monitoring terminal communication module.
2. The method for deploying the aerospace-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the maximum value of the outer circle radius of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the step (4) comprises:
the unmanned aerial vehicle coverage area U is a circular area with the base station as the center, the inner ring radius of L and the outer ring radius of R, and according to the maximum flying length F of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle coverage area U has
Figure FDA0002485382080000011
Then calculating the maximum value R of the outer ring radius of the unmanned aerial vehiclemaxIs composed of
Figure FDA0002485382080000012
3. The method for deploying the aerospace-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the cost for collecting the data once in the step (6) is:
Figure FDA0002485382080000013
where, # {. denotes the number of elements in the set, D is the amount of data generated per hour for each sensor, D is the unmanned aerial vehicle communication distance, PuFor the cost per meter of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, PnFor NBIoT data communication cost, PsFor satellite data communication costs.
4. The method for deploying the air-space-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the water quality monitoring terminal communication module is configured to: s1Sensor configuration NBIoT communication Module, S, within the set2Zigbee module for communication between sensor configuration in set and unmanned aerial vehicle, S3The sensors in the set are configured with a Beidou module or a GPS module for satellite communication.
5. The method for deploying the air-space-ground-oriented integrated water environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the water quality monitoring terminal is provided with: the water quality sensor module is used for acquiring the reading of the relevant water quality index; the positioning module is used for acquiring the position information of the terminal; and the wireless communication module is used for uploading the reading and the position information to the server.
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