CN111426590A - Pencil sharpening force testing method - Google Patents
Pencil sharpening force testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111426590A CN111426590A CN202010098512.1A CN202010098512A CN111426590A CN 111426590 A CN111426590 A CN 111426590A CN 202010098512 A CN202010098512 A CN 202010098512A CN 111426590 A CN111426590 A CN 111426590A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the sharpening force of a pencil, which comprises the steps of clamping the end part of the pencil by a clamping mechanism, and enabling the pencil to abut against a sharpening blade of a pencil sharpener; then the driving mechanism is used for driving the pencil to be tested to rotate, and the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the pencil holder and forms continuous strip-shaped wood chips; the sensor outputs a monitored driving torque signal born by the pencil to the control circuit, the control circuit calculates the signal to obtain an actual driving torque value T, then the actual driving torque value T is compared with a standard driving torque value T to obtain an absolute value of a torque deviation value, and then the torque deviation value Δ T is compared with a standard deviation value Δ T; when the T is less than or equal to the T, the sharpening force of the pencil is judged to be qualified, and when the T is bigger than the T, the sharpening force of the pencil is judged to be unqualified. The invention can obviously improve the testing precision and enable the testing data to have comparability, thereby meeting the requirement of accurately controlling the quality of the pencil and greatly reducing the requirement on testing personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stationery processing and manufacturing, in particular to a pencil sharpening force testing method.
Background
The pencil generally comprises a penholder with a wooden outer surface and a refill made of graphite in the penholder, wherein the wood of the penholder needs to be correspondingly softened so as to enable the penholder to be moderate in hardness, and meanwhile, the pencil has good cutting performance, so that the acting force required by planing the pencil is reduced, continuous wood chips can be formed during planing, and the pencil is convenient to plane when in use. That is, the hardness and the shapable performance of the wooden penholder are important performance indexes of the quality of the pencil.
In the prior art, people usually detect and judge the hardness and quality of a penholder by detecting the sharpening force when sharpening a pencil, and specifically, a pencil sharpener is used for sharpening the manufactured pencil in a manual mode. During detection, a tester simulates the mode of planing the pencil during use to plane the pencil with the pencil sharpener, so that resistance during planing is sensed, and the hardness degree and the planing performance of the wooden penholder of the pencil are further judged. The testing method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience, easy operation, low detection cost and the like, but has the following defects: firstly, the resistance when the pencil is curled is completely based on the subjective feeling of a tester, so that larger deviation is easy to generate, and meanwhile, the requirement on the experience of the tester is higher; secondly, there is a lack of comparability between the test results obtained by different testers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low test precision, poor comparability of test results and high requirements on testers in the conventional pencil sharpening force test method, and provides the pencil sharpening force test method which can remarkably improve the test precision and enable test data to be comparable, so that the requirement on accurate control of pencil quality is met, and the requirements on the testers are greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pencil sharpening force testing method comprises the following steps:
a. clamping the end part of the pencil to be tested by using a clamping mechanism, and enabling the penholder of the pencil to be tested to abut against a sharpening blade of a pencil sharpener;
b. the driving mechanism drives the pencil to be tested to rotate, and the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the pencil holder and forms continuous strip-shaped wood chips;
c. the sensor outputs a monitored driving torque signal born by the pencil to be tested to the control circuit, the control circuit calculates the received driving torque signal to obtain an actual driving torque value T, then compares the actual driving torque value T with a standard driving torque value T stored in the control circuit to obtain an absolute value of a torque deviation value Δ T, and then compares the torque deviation value Δ T with the standard deviation value T stored in the control circuit;
d. when the T is less than or equal to T, the pencil sharpening force is judged to be qualified, the control circuit enables the display device to display the green actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value T, when the T is equal to T, the control circuit judges that the pencil sharpening force is unqualified, and the control circuit enables the display device to display the red actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value Δ T.
Firstly, the pencil sharpening force is tested by simulating the mode of manually sharpening the pencil by using the pencil sharpener, so that the test result and data are closer to the actual use condition, and the accurate judgment is facilitated. Further, it is known that, when a pencil is curled, the pencil is rotated relative to the curling blade, and the curling blade has a feeding process relative to the pencil, so that continuous strip-shaped wood chips can be curled, and a torque is generated on the pencil by the curling blade. The invention measures the driving torque signal born by the pencil to be tested through a sensor, the control circuit calculates the driving torque signal to obtain the actual driving torque value T, and the actual driving torque value T is displayed on a display device such as a display screen, thereby quickly and accurately obtaining the test data, improving the test precision and reducing the requirements on testers.
Particularly, the relative quality of the pencil can be conveniently and accurately judged by comparing the standard driving torque value t, and the test data error caused by the measurement precision of the device is avoided.
Furthermore, the absolute value of the torque deviation value T can be obtained by comparing the driving torque value T with the standard driving torque value T, and then the torque deviation value T is compared with the standard deviation value T stored in the control circuit, whether the pencil is qualified or not can be quickly obtained, if the pencil is not qualified, the display device displays the test result in red so as to remind the tester to pay attention; and if the test result is qualified, the display device displays the test result in green. That is, through the color differentiation, the tester can quickly distinguish whether the test result is qualified.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a vertical rotating shaft, a clamping head for clamping a pencil to be tested is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve capable of moving axially is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is in transmission connection with the rotating sleeve through a transmission mechanism, a pressure element for abutting against the rotating shaft is arranged in the rotating sleeve, the pencil sharpener is arranged on the base and comprises a shell, a jack is arranged on the upper side of the shell, the pencil sharpening blade is positioned in the jack, the cutting edge of the pencil sharpening blade inclines towards the center of the jack from top to bottom, the sensor is a torque sensor arranged between the pencil sharpener and the base, in the step a, the clamping mechanism clamps the upper end of the pencil to be tested, the lower end of the pencil is inserted into the jack and abuts against the inclined cutting edge of the pencil sharpening blade, in the step b, the lower end of the pencil holder is sharpened, and c, the torque borne by the pencil sharpener monitored by the torque sensor is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
In the scheme, the pencil to be tested is vertically clamped by the pencil sharpener in the prior art, the lower end of the pencil is inserted into the insertion hole of the pencil sharpener, and the pressure element enables a certain extrusion force to be formed between the lower end of the pencil to be tested and the pencil sharpener. When the driving motor drives the rotating sleeve to rotate, the rotating shaft can be driven to rotate, the pencil to be tested is driven to rotate through the clamping head, the pencil sharpener can sharpen a conical pencil point at the lower end of the pencil to be tested, and the rotating shaft and the clamping head move downwards gradually relative to the rotating sleeve. According to the principle of acting force and reacting force, the torque borne by the pencil sharpener, which is monitored by the torque sensor arranged between the pencil sharpener and the base, is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested during sharpening. That is to say, the curling of the scheme is carried out by simulating a real manual pencil curling mode, so that the final test data can be ensured to be consistent with the real feeling of a user when the pencil is used.
Preferably, the center of the lower end face of the clamping head is provided with a clamping hole, the lower end face of the clamping head is provided with 3-4 radial separating grooves which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the lower end of the clamping head is separated into 3-4 sector rings, the outer side faces of the sector rings are conical faces, the inner side walls of the sector rings are in an outward convex arc shape in an axial section, a locking sleeve is sleeved outside the clamping head, an inner hole in the lower end of the locking sleeve is a conical hole with the taper matched with the outer side faces of the sector rings, and an inner hole in the upper end of the locking sleeve is in threaded.
When the pencil needs to be clamped, the locking sleeve is rotated forwards, and at the moment, the inner hole of the conical shape at the lower end of the locking sleeve can be abutted against the conical surface on the outer side of the fan-shaped ring, so that the fan-shaped rings separated by the separating groove are radially deformed inwards, and the pencil inserted into the clamping hole is clamped. When the locking sleeve is rotated reversely, the pencil can be released quickly.
Particularly, the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring is in an arc shape protruding outwards in the axial section, so that on one hand, a clamping hole with a gradually enlarged opening is formed, the aperture of the clamping hole can be reduced as much as possible, the deformation of the fan-shaped block during clamping of a pencil is reduced, and meanwhile, the pencil is convenient to insert into the clamping hole. When the fan-shaped ring generates inward radial deformation to lean against and extrude the pencil, the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring and the pencil can be ensured to be always kept in a tangent state, and the contact area between the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring and the pencil is increased as much as possible.
Preferably, the pressure element comprises a pressure rod inserted in the rotating sleeve, and a balancing weight is arranged at the upper end of the pressure rod extending out of the rotating sleeve.
In this scheme, the pressure that the depression bar can be invariable is used in the axis of rotation to make the pencil sharpener can remain stable throughout and curl the volume of feeding and sharpen the pencil, and then curl out the even unanimous saw-dust of thickness, avoid causing the error of testing data because of the sudden change of curling and cutting the thickness. Of course, the coiling and cutting feed amount can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the balancing weight.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a left rotatable clamping end and a right rotatable clamping end which are coaxially arranged on the base, the curling blade of the pencil sharpener is positioned between the two clamping ends, the curling blade can be transversely movably arranged on the base, the cutting edge of the curling blade is in a saw-toothed rack shape which is transversely arranged, the driving mechanism comprises at least one driving pinch roller which is movably arranged on the base and a driving motor which is associated with the driving pinch roller, the driving pinch roller corresponds to one saw-toothed cutting edge on the curling blade, the sensor is a torque sensor which is arranged between the driving motor and the driving pinch roller, in the step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil to be tested, the curling blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the pencil holder to be tested, the other side of the pencil holder abuts against the driving pinch roller, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, and c, driving the pencil to be tested to rotate together with the clamping end, and rolling and cutting the penholder by the rolling and cutting blade to form a plurality of cutting ring grooves on the surface of the penholder.
It is known that, in the conventional pencil sharpener, one end of the pencil is sharpened in a conical shape, that is, during sharpening, the contact length between the blade and the pencil is short, and accordingly, the torque required during sharpening is small, so that the difference of resistance formed during sharpening by the wooden shaft with small hardness difference is small, and it is difficult to accurately distinguish the difference between the two. In the scheme, the clamping mechanism comprises a left clamping end and a right clamping end which are coaxially arranged, so that the pencil to be tested can be horizontally clamped and positioned on the machine base, the sharpening blade of the pencil sharpener is in a sawtooth strip shape which is transversely arranged, so when a pencil needs to be sharpened for testing, the driving pressing wheel can move and abut against the pencil holder of the pencil, then the rolling and cutting blade moves transversely to abut against the penholder, then the driving motor is started, so as to drive the driving pinch roller to rotate, the driving pinch roller drives the penholder to rotate according to the friction force, the rolling and cutting blade rolls and cuts the penholder, thereby forming a plurality of cutting ring grooves on the surface of the penholder, wherein the torque exerted by the driving motor born by the driving pinch roller is the driving torque exerted by the driving pinch roller born by the pencil to be tested, and the torque sensor arranged between the driving motor and the driving pinch roller can monitor the driving torque born by the pencil to be tested.
Especially, the cutting edge of the curling and cutting blade in the scheme is in a saw-tooth rack shape which is transversely arranged, so that cutting ring grooves can be curled and cut on the surface of a penholder as much as possible, the driving torque borne by a pencil to be tested is further increased as much as possible, and the relative precision and accuracy of the test are improved. In addition, when the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, the speed of the outer side of the driving pinch roller, namely the speed of the contact point of the driving pinch roller and the pen holder, is basically kept unchanged. Therefore, when the curling and cutting blade gradually curls and cuts the penholder to form the cutting ring groove, the speed of the bottom surface of the cutting ring groove, namely the speed of the contact point of the curling and cutting blade and the penholder, is always kept unchanged, so that the detected driving torque is kept as stable as possible, and good comparability between detection results is ensured.
Preferably, each sawtooth of the cutting edge of the curling blade is in an isosceles trapezoid shape, and in the step b, the curling blade curls the barrel, so that a plurality of inverted trapezoid cutting ring grooves with large mouth and small bottom are formed on the surface of the barrel.
It can be understood that, isosceles trapezoid's cutting edge is when progressively advancing a book and cut the penholder, and trapezoidal topside can be rolled up on the one hand and cut the penholder, and the hypotenuse of trapezoidal both sides also can form a book and cut on the other hand to can maximize roll contact, the book of cutting blade and penholder cut length, and then increase the moment of torsion when rolling and cutting, be favorable to improving the relative precision and the accuracy of test. Particularly, the distance between two adjacent sawteeth can be reduced as much as possible, on one hand, the contact and the coiling cutting length between the coiling cutting blade and the penholder are increased, on the other hand, the integral coiling cutting of the outer side of the penholder is avoided, the flaky sawdust is favorably formed, and the cracking phenomenon of the surface of the penholder during the coiling cutting is avoided.
Preferably, the clamping mechanism comprises a left rotatable clamping end and a right rotatable clamping end which are coaxially arranged on the base, the clamping ends comprise a bearing seat arranged on the base and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the bearing seat, one ends of the two clamping end rotating shafts which are close to each other are provided with clamping heads, the other end of the right clamping end rotating shaft is provided with a speed regulating roller capable of axially moving, the speed regulating roller comprises a speed regulating section with a conical outer side surface and a driving section with a spiral groove on the outer side surface, the base is provided with a pin clamped in the spiral groove, the driving mechanism comprises a swing fork hinged with the base, a driving pressure roller arranged on the swing fork and a driving motor connected with the driving pressure roller, a torsional spring is arranged at the hinged part of the swing fork, so that the driving pressure roller is attached to the outer side surface of the speed regulating section of the speed regulating roller, and, the coiling and cutting blade is transversely movably arranged on the machine base, the cutting edge of the coiling and cutting blade is in a sawtooth strip shape which is transversely arranged, the sensor is a torque sensor which is arranged between the rotating shaft of the right clamping end and the clamping head, in the step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil to be tested, the sharpening blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the penholder of the pencil to be tested, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, so as to drive the speed regulating roller to rotate, and the pencil to be tested is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, the sharpening blade sharpens the penholder, so that a plurality of cutting ring grooves are formed on the surface of the penholder, meanwhile, the pin enables the speed regulating roller to axially move on the rotating shaft, the driving pinch roller moves from the large end to the small end of the speed regulating section, in step c, the torque borne by the clamping head monitored by the torque sensor is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
In this solution, the drive roller presses against a conical speed control section of a speed control roller. When the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, the speed regulation roller can be driven to rotate, the rotating shaft rotates simultaneously, at the moment, the depth of the cutting ring groove is gradually increased, the speed regulation roller can axially move relative to the rotating shaft under the action of the pin and the spiral groove of the driving section, and the contact point of the driving pinch roller and the speed regulation section is moved to the small end from the large end of the speed regulation section. Therefore, under the condition that the rotating speed of the driving pressure roller is not changed, the rotating speed of the speed regulating roller is gradually increased, and correspondingly, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft and the rotating speed of the pencil to be tested are correspondingly increased. It can be understood that the coiling and cutting speed of the coiling and cutting blade relative to the bottom surface of the cutting ring groove can be kept stable by reasonably setting the taper of the speed regulating section, and good comparability between detection results is ensured.
In the previous proposal, the driving pinch roller is pressed on the cutting ring groove, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the cutting ring groove is smaller, so that the speed deviation is easily caused. The driving pinch roller of the scheme is extruded on the speed regulation section, so that the outer diameter of the speed regulation section can be properly increased, the friction force between the driving pinch roller and the speed regulation section is favorably increased, and the precision of the coiling and cutting speed is improved.
Preferably, the diameter ratio of the large end and the small end of the speed regulating section is consistent with the ratio of the outer diameter of the opening of the cutting ring groove to the bottom diameter of the cutting ring groove, so that the consistency of the curling and cutting speed of the curling and cutting blade to the penholder can be ensured.
Preferably, a movable lower sliding seat and an upper sliding seat movably arranged on the lower sliding seat are arranged on the base, a lower screw rod in threaded connection with the lower sliding seat is arranged on the base, an upper screw rod in threaded connection with the upper sliding seat is arranged on the lower sliding seat in parallel, the upper sliding seat is connected with the coiling and cutting blade, a driving gear is arranged on the lower screw rod, a driven gear capable of moving axially is arranged on the upper screw rod, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the driving gear is in transmission connection with a driving motor, limiting discs are respectively arranged on two end faces of the driving gear, the meshing part of the driven gear and the driving gear is limited and between the two limiting discs, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the lower screw rod to rotate, and the lower1The driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate reversely at the same time, and then drives the upper screw rod to rotate reversely, so that the upper sliding seat moves at a speed V on the lower sliding seat towards one side far away from the pencil to be tested2Moving the sharpening blade toward the pencil to be tested at a speed V1－V2And (4) moving.
When the driving motor drives the pencil to be tested to rotate, the driving gear can be driven to rotate through the transmission mechanism, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate reversely, the upper screw rod and the lower screw rod form reverse rotation, and then the upper sliding seat and the lower sliding seat are driven to move reversely in an opposite mode. It can be understood that the moving speed V of the lower slide block on the machine base can be realized by reasonably setting the screw pitches of the upper screw and the lower screw and the transmission ratio of the driven gear of the driving gear1The moving speed V of the upper sliding seat on the lower sliding seat2Form a reasonable speed difference V between1－V2The speed difference is the speed of the curling blade moving towards the pencil to be tested, so that the curling blade is ensured to have a reasonable curling speed and a reasonable curling feeding amount.
The feeding speed of the rolling and cutting blade is lower due to the fact that the outer diameter of a penholder of the pencil is smaller. While by setting the speed difference V1－V2The desired feeding speed and feeding amount of the coiling and cutting blade can be conveniently obtained.
Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the test precision can be remarkably improved, and the test data has comparability, so that the requirement of accurately controlling the quality of the pencil is met, and meanwhile, the requirement on testers is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the pencil sharpening force testing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the chucking mechanism.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another structure of the pencil sharpening force testing device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a pencil after sharpening with the testing apparatus of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a right-side clamping head of the testing device of FIG. 3.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the driving pinch roller and the timing roller.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the sharpener and the base.
In the figure: 1. the pencil sharpener comprises a pencil 11, a cutting ring groove 2, a pencil sharpener sharpening blade 22, a shell 221, a jack 3, a sensor 4, a rotating shaft 41, a rotating sleeve 411, a limiting convex ring 412, a limiting sliding groove 42, a thrust bearing 43, a limiting pin 5, a clamping head 51, a clamping hole 52, a separating groove 53, a sector ring 54, a locking sleeve 55, a speed regulation roller 551, a speed regulation section 552, a driving section 553, a spiral section 6, a driving motor 7, a base 71, a support 72, a bearing seat 73, a pin 74, a lower sliding seat 75, an upper sliding seat 76, a lower screw 77, an upper screw 78, a driving gear 781, a limiting disc 782 and a U-shaped ring groove 79; driven gear 8, depression bar 81, balancing weight 9, drive pinch roller 10, swing fork.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a pencil sharpening force testing method tests a sharpening force of a pencil by a pencil sharpening force testing device, so as to judge the hardness and softness of the wood of a pencil holder, and specifically comprises the following steps:
a. clamping the end part of the pencil 1 to be tested by using a clamping mechanism, and enabling the penholder of the pencil to be tested to abut against the sharpening blade 21 of the pencil sharpener 2;
b. the driving mechanism drives the pencil to be tested to rotate, and the rolling and cutting blade rolls and cuts the pencil holder to form continuous strip-shaped wood chips. It is known that the functioning principle of the turning blade is similar to that of a "planer" by limiting the feed of the turning blade to form continuous chips of the desired thickness. The invention tests the pencil sharpening force by simulating the mode of manually sharpening the pencil by the pencil sharpener so as to lead the test result and data to be closer to the actual use condition and be beneficial to making accurate judgment. When the pencil is curled and cut, the driving mechanism applies a driving torque to the curling and cutting blade, so that a torque is formed on the pencil;
c. the sensor 3 outputs a monitored driving torque signal born by the pencil to be tested to the control circuit, the control circuit calculates the received driving torque signal to obtain an actual driving torque value T, then compares the actual driving torque value T with a standard driving torque value T stored in the control circuit to obtain an absolute value of a torque deviation value Δ T, and then compares the torque deviation value Δ T with the standard deviation value Δ T stored in the control circuit. It should be noted that, because the current country does not have a mandatory national standard of such data, the standard driving torque value t may be a data average value obtained after testing a qualified product, or may also be a data average value obtained after testing other products of well-known brands, so as to serve as reference data for judging whether the products are qualified or not;
d. when the T is less than or equal to T, the pencil sharpening force is judged to be qualified, the control circuit enables the display device to display the green actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value T, when the T is equal to T, the control circuit judges that the pencil sharpening force is unqualified, and the control circuit enables the display device to display the red actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value T.
As a preferable scheme, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the clamping mechanism includes a vertical rotating shaft 4, a clamping head 5 for clamping the pencil to be tested is arranged at the lower end of the rotating shaft, a rotating sleeve 41 is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft and the rotating sleeve can be connected by a spline, or an inner hole of the rotating sleeve can be a non-circular hole such as a regular polygonal hole, so that relative axial movement can be formed between the rotating shaft and the rotating sleeve. The driving mechanism comprises a driving motor 6, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the rotating sleeve through a transmission mechanism so as to enable the driving motor to drive the rotating sleeve and further drive the rotating shaft to rotate. In addition, a pressure element which is pressed against the upper end of the rotating shaft is arranged in the rotating sleeve, the pencil sharpener is arranged on the base 7 and comprises a shell 22, a jack 221 is arranged on the upper side of the shell, the sharpening blade is positioned in the jack, the cutting edge of the sharpening blade inclines towards the center of the jack from top to bottom, and the sensor is a torque sensor arranged between the pencil sharpener and the base.
Thus, in the step a, the clamping head of the clamping mechanism clamps the upper end of the pencil to be tested, the lower end of the penholder of the pencil to be tested is inserted into the insertion hole of the pencil sharpener and abuts against the inclined cutting edge of the sharpening blade, and the pressure element enables a certain extrusion force to be formed between the lower end of the pencil to be tested and the pencil sharpener. In the step b, when the driving motor drives the rotating sleeve and the rotating shaft to rotate and further drives the pencil to be tested to rotate through the clamping head, the rolling and cutting blade rolls and cuts the lower end of the pencil holder, so that the lower end of the pencil holder is conical, and at the moment, the rotating shaft and the clamping head move downwards gradually relative to the rotating sleeve through the pressure element. In step c, the torque sensor can monitor the torque borne by the pencil sharpener, and the torque is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
It can be understood that, in the scheme, the pencil sharpener adopts the prior art sharpening mode to sharpen the pencil, and the actual manual sharpening mode is completely simulated, so that the final test data can be ensured to be consistent with the actual feeling when the pencil sharpener is used by a user.
Furthermore, the clamping head is cylindrical, a clamping hole 51 used for clamping a pencil to be tested is formed in the center of the lower end face of the clamping head, 3-4 radial separating grooves 52 which are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are formed in the lower end face of the clamping head, so that the lower end of the clamping head is separated into 3-4 fan-shaped rings 53, the outer side face of each fan-shaped ring is a conical surface, a locking sleeve 54 is sleeved outside the clamping head, an inner hole in the lower end of the locking sleeve is a conical hole with the taper matched with the outer side face of each fan-shaped ring, and an inner hole in the upper end of the locking sleeve is in.
When the pencil needs to be clamped, the locking sleeve is rotated forwards, and at the moment, the inner hole of the conical shape at the lower end of the locking sleeve can be abutted against the conical surface on the outer side of the fan-shaped ring, so that the fan-shaped rings separated by the separating groove are radially deformed inwards, and the pencil inserted into the clamping hole is clamped. When the locking sleeve is rotated reversely, the pencil can be released quickly.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring is in an arc shape protruding outwards in the axial section, and on one hand, a clamping hole with a gradually enlarged opening is formed, so that the aperture of the clamping hole can be reduced as much as possible, the deformation of the fan-shaped block during pencil clamping is reduced, and meanwhile, a pencil can be conveniently inserted into the clamping hole. When the fan-shaped ring generates inward radial deformation to lean against and extrude the pencil, the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring and the pencil can be ensured to be always kept in a tangent state, and the contact area between the inner side wall of the fan-shaped ring and the pencil is increased as much as possible.
Furthermore, the pressure element comprises a pressure lever 8 inserted in the rotating sleeve, and a balancing weight 81 is arranged at the upper end of the pressure lever extending out of the rotating sleeve, so that the pressure lever acts on the rotating shaft with constant pressure, and the pencil sharpener can always keep stable sharpening feeding amount for sharpening the pencil, thereby sharpening saw dust with uniform and consistent thickness and avoiding error of detection data caused by sudden change of sharpening thickness. It can be understood that we can conveniently adjust the axial pressure of the pressure bar to the rotating shaft by adjusting the balancing weight, and further adjust the coiling and cutting feed amount.
Of course, a support 71 can be arranged on the machine base, an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat 72 are arranged on the support, and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating sleeve are respectively connected to the upper bearing seat and the lower bearing seat in a rotating mode, so that the two ends of the rotating sleeve are stably supported, and shaking during rotation is avoided. In addition, a limiting convex ring 411 can be arranged at the upper end of the bearing seat, which extends out of the upper part of the rotating sleeve, and the limiting convex ring can ensure that the rotating sleeve can be reliably and axially supported in the vertical direction. In addition, a thrust bearing 42 capable of bearing axial thrust is provided between the retainer ring and the upper bearing seat, so that frictional resistance when the rotating sleeve rotates is effectively reduced.
Preferably, two limit sliding grooves 412 extending in the axial direction are formed in the side wall of the rotating sleeve, the two limit sliding grooves are evenly distributed on the periphery of the rotating sleeve, two radial limit pins 43 are arranged on the side face of the rotating shaft, and the two limit pins are respectively located in the limit sliding grooves on the corresponding side, so that the rotating shaft can be set to be cylindrical, relative rotation between the rotating sleeve and the rotating shaft is avoided, the rotating sleeve is ensured to transmit torque to the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate, the relative rotating sleeve of the rotating shaft is enabled to be reliably limited in the axial direction, and the rotating shaft is prevented from being separated from the rotating sleeve. In the test process, when the rotating shaft moves downwards to the position where the limiting pin abuts against the lower end of the limiting sliding groove, the rotating shaft cannot move downwards continuously under the axial limiting action of the limiting sliding groove, correspondingly, the tested pencil stops moving downwards, and the pencil sharpener stops sharpening the pencil. That is to say, we can accurately control the length of the pencil to be tested by reasonably setting the length of the limiting sliding groove, and the consistency of the pencil testing procedure is realized.
As another preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamping mechanism comprises a left rotatable clamping end and a right rotatable clamping end which are coaxially arranged on the base, the pencil sharpener comprises a curling blade which is positioned between the two clamping ends, the curling blade is transversely movably arranged on the base, and the cutting edge of the curling blade comprises a plurality of saw teeth which are arranged at equal intervals, so that the cutting edge of the curling blade is in a saw-rack shape which is transversely arranged. The driving mechanism comprises at least one driving pinch roller 9 movably arranged on the machine base and a driving motor associated with the driving pinch roller, the driving pinch roller is positioned beside the rolling and cutting blade and corresponds to a sawtooth-shaped cutting edge on the rolling and cutting blade, and the sensor is a torque sensor arranged between the driving motor and the driving pinch roller.
In the step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil to be tested which is horizontally arranged, the rolling and cutting blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the pencil holder of the pencil to be tested, and the pressing wheel is driven to transversely move and abuts against the other side of the pencil holder of the pencil to be tested. In the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pressure wheel to rotate, so that the pencil to be tested is driven to rotate together with the clamping end by virtue of friction force, and at the moment, the pencil holder is curled and cut by abutting against the curling blade of the pencil to be tested, so that a plurality of cutting ring grooves 11 are formed on the surface of the pencil holder. In step c, the torque sensor can monitor the torque transmitted to the driving pinch roller by the driving motor, and the torque is the driving torque born by the pencil to be tested.
Certainly, a left bearing seat and a right bearing seat can be arranged on the base, and the clamping end is rotatably connected to the bearing seat on the corresponding side through a bearing, so that the rotating resistance of the clamping end is reduced as much as possible, and the torque transmitted to the driving pinch roller by the driving motor is basically the same as the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
It should be noted that the length of the sharpening blade is lengthened as much as possible, so that cutting ring grooves are sharpened on the surface of the penholder as much as possible, the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested during sharpening is increased as much as possible, and the test relative precision and accuracy are improved. Particularly, when the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, the speed of the outer side of the driving pinch roller, namely the speed of the contact point of the driving pinch roller and the pen holder, is basically kept unchanged. Therefore, when the curling and cutting blade gradually curls and cuts the penholder to form the cutting ring groove, the speed of the bottom surface of the cutting ring groove, namely the speed of the contact point of the curling and cutting blade and the penholder, is always kept unchanged, so that the detected driving torque is kept as stable as possible, and good comparability between detection results is ensured.
Preferably, each serration of the cutting edge of the turning blade may be provided in an isosceles trapezoid. Thus, in the step b, when the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the pen holder, a plurality of inverted trapezoid cutting ring grooves with large openings and small bottoms can be formed on the surface of the pen holder. When the isosceles trapezoid-shaped cutting edge is gradually pushed to sharpen the pen holder in a curling manner, the top edge of the trapezoid and the bevel edges on two sides of the trapezoid form curling and cutting simultaneously, so that the contact and the curling and cutting length of the curling and cutting blade and the pen holder can be increased as much as possible, the torque during curling and cutting is further increased, and the test relative precision and accuracy are improved. Certainly, the distance between two adjacent sawteeth can be reduced as much as possible to increase the contact and the coiling and cutting length of the coiling and cutting blade and the penholder, and the size between the adjacent cutting ring grooves is increased to avoid the phenomenon that the penholder is broken during coiling and cutting.
As an alternative scheme of the scheme, the clamping mechanism comprises a left rotatable clamping end and a right rotatable clamping end which are coaxially arranged on the base, the clamping ends comprise bearing seats arranged on the base and rotating shafts rotatably connected to the bearing seats through bearings, and clamping heads are arranged at the ends, close to each other, of the rotating shafts of the two clamping ends. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the other end of the rotating shaft of the right clamping end is sleeved with an axially movable speed regulation roller 55, the speed regulation roller comprises a speed regulation section 551 with a conical outer side surface and a cylindrical driving section 552 with a spiral groove 553 on the outer side surface, and a pin 73 clamped in the spiral groove is arranged on the machine base. The driving mechanism comprises a swing fork 10 hinged with the machine base through a hinge shaft and a driving pinch roller arranged in a fork opening of the swing fork, and the driving pinch roller is connected with a motor shaft of a driving motor. In addition, the articulated shaft is provided with a torsional spring, one end of the torsional spring is used for fixing the swing fork, the other end of the torsional spring is used for fixing the machine base, and the torsional spring enables the swing fork to rotate, so that the driving pinch roller is attached to the outer side surface of the large end of the speed regulation section of the speed regulation roller.
In addition, the pencil sharpener comprises a curling and cutting blade positioned between two clamping ends, the curling and cutting blade can be transversely movably arranged on the base, the cutting edge of the curling and cutting blade comprises a plurality of saw teeth which are arranged at equal intervals, so that the cutting edge of the curling and cutting blade is in a saw tooth strip shape which is transversely arranged, and the sensor is a torque sensor arranged between the rotating shaft of the right clamping end and the clamping head. Thus, in the step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil to be tested which is horizontally arranged, and the sharpening blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the penholder of the pencil to be tested. In the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, the driving pinch roller drives the speed regulation roller to rotate according to friction force, the speed regulation roller drives the pencil to be tested to rotate through the rotating shaft and the clamping head, the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the pencil holder, and therefore a plurality of cutting ring grooves are formed in the surface of the pencil holder. In step c, the torque sensor can monitor the torque borne by the clamping head, and the torque is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
It can be understood that when the sharpening blade sharpens the shaft of the pencil, the linear speed at the time of sharpening gradually decreases if the rotation speed of the pencil is constant. When the contact point of the driving pinch roller and the speed regulation section moves from the large end to the small end of the speed regulation section, the rotating speed of the speed regulation roller can be gradually increased under the condition that the rotating speed of the driving pinch roller is not changed, and correspondingly, the rotating speeds of the rotating shaft and the pencil to be tested are also correspondingly increased. That is to say, we can make the coiling and cutting speed of the coiling and cutting blade relative to the bottom surface of the cutting ring groove keep stable by reasonably setting the taper of the speed regulating section, and ensure that the detection results have good comparability. Particularly, the outer diameter of the speed regulating section can be properly increased, so that the torque of the driving pressure wheel acting on the speed regulating section is increased, and the precision of the coiling and cutting speed is improved.
Preferably, the diameter ratio of the large end and the small end of the speed regulating section is consistent with the ratio of the outer diameter of the opening of the cutting ring groove and the bottom diameter of the cutting ring groove, so that the consistency of the curling and cutting speed of the curling and cutting blade to the penholder can be ensured.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 7, a lower slide 74 and an upper slide 75 are movably disposed on the base, a lower screw 76 is disposed on the base and is in threaded connection with the lower slide, an upper screw 77 is disposed on the lower slide and is in threaded connection with the upper slide, the upper and lower screws are arranged in parallel, the upper slide is connected with the curling and cutting blade, a driving gear 78 is disposed on the lower screw, a driven gear 79 is disposed on the upper screw and is axially movable, the driving gear is engaged with the driven gear, and the driving gear is in transmission connection with a driving motor, so that the driving motor can drive the driving gear and the driven gear to rotate. In addition, two end faces of the driving gear are respectively provided with a limiting disc 781, so that a U-shaped ring groove 782 is formed at the top of the driving gear, and the meshing part of the driven gear and the driving gear is limited in the U-shaped ring groove between the two limiting discs.
Thus, in step b, when the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the lower screw to rotate, so that the lower sliding seat is driven to rotate on the base towards one side of the pencil to be tested at a speed V1When the test pencil moves, the driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate reversely, and then drives the upper screw rod to rotate reversely, so that the upper sliding seat moves on the lower sliding seat at a speed V towards one side far away from the pencil to be tested2Moving the sharpening blade to the side of the pencil to be tested at a speed V1－V2And (4) moving. Of course, the moving directions of the lower and upper carriages should be parallel to each other.
It can be understood that the moving speed V of the lower slide block on the machine base can be realized by reasonably setting the screw pitches of the upper screw and the lower screw and the transmission ratio of the driven gear of the driving gear1The moving speed V of the upper sliding seat on the lower sliding seat2Form a reasonable speed difference V between1－V2The speed difference is the speed of the curling blade moving towards the pencil to be tested, so that the curling blade is ensured to have a reasonable curling speed and a reasonable curling feeding amount.
Claims (9)
1. A pencil sharpening force testing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. clamping the end part of the pencil to be tested by using a clamping mechanism, and enabling the penholder of the pencil to be tested to abut against a sharpening blade of a pencil sharpener;
b. the driving mechanism drives the pencil to be tested to rotate, and the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the pencil holder and forms continuous strip-shaped wood chips;
c. the sensor outputs a monitored driving torque signal born by the pencil to be tested to the control circuit, the control circuit calculates the received driving torque signal to obtain an actual driving torque value T, then compares the actual driving torque value T with a standard driving torque value T stored in the control circuit to obtain an absolute value of a torque deviation value Δ T, and then compares the torque deviation value Δ T with the standard deviation value T stored in the control circuit;
d. when the T is less than or equal to T, the pencil sharpening force is judged to be qualified, the control circuit enables the display device to display the green actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value T, when the T is equal to T, the control circuit judges that the pencil sharpening force is unqualified, and the control circuit enables the display device to display the red actual driving torque value T and the torque deviation value Δ T.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the holding mechanism comprises a vertical rotating shaft, a holding head for holding the pencil to be tested is disposed at the lower end of the rotating shaft, an axially movable rotating sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is in transmission connection with the rotating sleeve through a transmission mechanism, a pressure element for pressing against the rotating shaft is disposed in the rotating sleeve, the sharpener is disposed on the base and comprises a housing, an insertion hole is disposed at the upper side of the housing, the sharpening blade is disposed in the insertion hole, the edge of the sharpening blade inclines towards the center of the insertion hole from top to bottom, the sensor is a torque sensor disposed between the sharpener and the base, in the step a, the holding mechanism holds the upper end of the pencil to be tested, the lower end of the penholder of the pencil to be tested is inserted into the insertion hole and abuts against the edge of the sharpening blade, in the step b, the curling and cutting blade curls and cuts the lower end of the penholder, so that the lower end of the penholder is conical, and in the step c, the torque borne by the pencil sharpener monitored by the torque sensor is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the holder has a central holding hole in a lower end surface thereof, the holder has 3 to 4 radial partitions distributed uniformly in a circumferential direction in the lower end surface thereof to partition the lower end of the holder into 3 to 4 sector rings, outer side surfaces of the sector rings are tapered, inner side walls of the sector rings are convexly curved in an axial cross section, the holder is externally fitted with a locking sleeve, an inner hole in a lower end of the locking sleeve is a tapered hole having a taper matching the outer side surfaces of the sector rings, and an inner hole in an upper end of the locking sleeve is threadedly coupled to the holder.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pressure member comprises a pressing rod inserted into the rotating sleeve, and a weight is provided at an upper end of the pressing rod extending out of the rotating sleeve.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism includes a left and a right rotatable clamping ends coaxially disposed on the base, the sharpening blade of the pencil sharpener is disposed between the two clamping ends, the sharpening blade is transversely movably disposed on the base, the cutting edge of the sharpening blade is in a saw-rack shape and is transversely disposed, the driving mechanism includes at least one driving pinch roller movably disposed on the base, a driving motor associated with the driving pinch roller, the driving pinch roller corresponds to a saw-tooth-shaped cutting edge on the sharpening blade, the sensor is a torque sensor disposed between the driving motor and the driving pinch roller, in step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil, the sharpening blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the pencil shaft to be tested, and the other side of the pencil shaft abuts against the driving pinch roller, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, so that the pencil to be tested is driven to rotate together with the clamping end, the curling blade curls and cuts the pencil holder, a plurality of cutting ring grooves are formed in the surface of the pencil holder, and in the step c, the torque borne by the driving pinch roller monitored by the torque sensor is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein each of the serrations of the cutting edge of the sharpening blade is formed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, and in the step b, the sharpening blade sharpens the barrel to form a plurality of reverse trapezoidal cutting grooves having a large opening and a small bottom on the surface of the barrel.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a left rotatable clamping end and a right rotatable clamping end coaxially disposed on the base, the clamping ends comprise a bearing seat disposed on the base and a rotating shaft rotatably disposed on the bearing seat, a clamping head is disposed at one end of the rotating shaft of the two clamping ends close to each other, a speed-adjusting roller capable of moving axially is disposed at the other end of the rotating shaft of the clamping end on the right side, the speed-adjusting roller comprises a speed-adjusting section with a conical outer side surface and a driving section with a spiral groove on the outer side surface, a pin is disposed on the base and engaged in the spiral groove, the driving mechanism comprises a swing fork hinged to the base, a driving pinch roller disposed on the swing fork, and a driving motor connected to the driving pinch roller, a torsion spring is disposed at the hinged position of the swing fork, so that the driving pinch roller is abutted, the pencil sharpener comprises a sharpening blade positioned between two clamping ends, the sharpening blade can be transversely movably arranged on the base, the cutting edge of the coiling and cutting blade is in a sawtooth strip shape which is transversely arranged, the sensor is a torque sensor which is arranged between the rotating shaft of the right clamping end and the clamping head, in the step a, the two clamping ends respectively clamp two ends of the pencil to be tested, the sharpening blade transversely moves and abuts against one side of the penholder of the pencil to be tested, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving pinch roller to rotate, so as to drive the speed regulating roller to rotate, and the pencil to be tested is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, the sharpening blade sharpens the penholder, so that a plurality of cutting ring grooves are formed on the surface of the penholder, meanwhile, the pin enables the speed regulating roller to axially move on the rotating shaft, the driving pinch roller moves from the large end to the small end of the speed regulating section, in step c, the torque borne by the clamping head monitored by the torque sensor is the driving torque borne by the pencil to be tested.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the diameter ratio of the large end to the small end of the speed-adjusting section is equal to the diameter ratio of the opening of the cutting ring groove to the bottom of the cutting ring groove.
9. The method as claimed in claim 5 or 7, wherein a movable lower slide and an upper slide movably disposed on the lower slide are provided on the base, a lower screw threadedly coupled to the lower slide is provided on the base, and the lower slide and the upper slide are provided on the lower slideThe upper screw rod is in threaded connection, the upper screw rod and the lower screw rod are arranged in parallel, the upper sliding seat is connected with the coiling and cutting blade, the lower screw rod is provided with a driving gear, the upper screw rod is provided with a driven gear capable of moving axially, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the driving gear is in transmission connection with a driving motor, two end faces of the driving gear are respectively provided with a limiting disc, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear partially and is limited by two limiting discs, in the step b, the driving motor drives the driving gear to rotate, the driving gear drives the lower screw rod to rotate, and the lower sliding seat is enabled to rotate on1The driving gear drives the driven gear to rotate reversely at the same time, and then drives the upper screw rod to rotate reversely, so that the upper sliding seat moves at a speed V on the lower sliding seat towards one side far away from the pencil to be tested2Moving the sharpening blade toward the pencil to be tested at a speed V1－V2And (4) moving.
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| CN202010098512.1A CN111426590B (en) | 2020-02-18 | 2020-02-18 | Pencil sharpening force testing method |
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| CN202010098512.1A CN111426590B (en) | 2020-02-18 | 2020-02-18 | Pencil sharpening force testing method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113235150A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-08-10 | 泰州隆基乐叶光伏科技有限公司 | Electroplating clamping device and electroplating equipment |
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| CN102109401A (en) * | 2009-12-27 | 2011-06-29 | 娄甫君 | Torsion tester for pencil sharpener |
| JP2013146792A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2013-08-01 | Seiko Epson Corp | Robot controller, robot system, sensor information processing device and robot control method |
| US20160052613A1 (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2016-02-25 | Caterpillar Inc. | Serviceable marine pod steering brake system |
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Denomination of invention: A Test Method for Pencil Rolling Force Effective date of registration: 20231202 Granted publication date: 20220830 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited Qingyuan County sub branch Pledgor: ZHEJIANG HONGXING STATIONERY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023330002867 |
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