CN111426476A - Rail transit bearing life strengthening test system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail transit bearing life strengthening test system, which comprises: the device comprises a rack, a test head component, a cooling system component, a transmission component, a monitoring system component, a loading system component and a working flat plate; the testing head component and the transmission component are connected through a transmission square shaft and are arranged on the working flat plate; the loading system component acts on a radial oil cylinder on the test head component; the monitoring system part controls the operation of the whole test system and monitors and records the measured data. The invention stably runs under the test condition, meets the test environment of the rail transit bearing and the test-accompanying bearing, and can effectively test the performance of the rail transit bearing and the test-accompanying bearing; the bearing with the same model is selected as the test-accompanying bearing, so that the accuracy of test bearing data in the test process is ensured. A circulating water loop is arranged in the test cavity, and the water cooling system and the air cooling system ensure the controllability of the test environment and can be opened at any time according to the test process conditions.

Description

Rail transit bearing life strengthening test system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bearing strengthening tests, in particular to a bearing life strengthening test system for large heavy-load rail transit.

Background

With the rapid development of high-speed train technology, as a key component of a train running part, research and development of axle box bearings in various countries are also going deep step by step. Abroad world-class large-scale bearing manufacturers such as SKF company in Sweden, FAG company in Germany, NTN bearing factory in Japan, NSK company and the like keep monopoly on the research of high-speed rail bearing technology, and the manufacturers are involved in the fields of mechanical property research, structure optimization design, lubrication and temperature rise analysis, bearing manufacturing material selection, bearing testing machine technology and the like of the high-speed rail bearing, but due to the confidentiality of commercial technology, the research results are rarely known to the outside. In China, due to the confidentiality of technology and data of foreign enterprises, the research on the high-speed railway train bearing by domestic researchers is relatively late. Since the high-speed railway technology was introduced in 2004, the state insists on the technology of research and development of self-provided cores, and has achieved some results in recent years, during the period of 'eleven five', the Luoyang bearing technology corporation combines the national bearing industry and the related colleges, the key technical research subject of the high-speed railway bearing supported by the national 'eleven five' technology is successfully completed, the high-speed railway passenger car bearing with the speed of 350Km/h per hour is researched and developed for the first time in China, the first high-speed railway passenger car bearing testing machine with the speed of 200Km/h per hour in China is developed, short-term performance test is performed on the bearing, and the stage achievement of the high-speed railway bearing in China from scratch is achieved. Although China makes great progress in the aspect of high-speed railway bearings, a plurality of problems still exist in research and development, for example, the differences of design concepts, manufacturing processes and detection equipment cause that the quality and reliability of domestic bearings cannot be guaranteed, and the fatigue life of the bearings is short, so that the high-speed railway bearings in China are basically imported up to now.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rail transit bearing service life strengthening test system aiming at the defects of the prior art, which can test high-speed rail motor train unit axle box bearings which are double-row tapered roller bearings, wherein the measurable test bearing is a 300 km/h-level bearing, and the rotating speed of the bearing is approximately 1730r/min according to the average value of wheels; each set of load can bear 68.7 KN; the test system can effectively simulate the working condition environment of the test system and ensure the data accuracy during testing.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a rail transit bearing life strengthening test system comprises: the device comprises a rack, a test head component, a cooling system component, a transmission component, a monitoring system component, a loading system component and a working flat plate; the testing head component and the transmission component are connected through a transmission square shaft and are arranged on the working flat plate; the loading system component acts on a radial oil cylinder on the test head component; the monitoring system part controls the operation of the whole test system and monitors and records the actually measured data;

the test head part is provided with three bearings, the test bearing is arranged in the middle, the test bearings are arranged on two sides of the test bearing, the three bearings are arranged on the same shaft system, the test bearing in the middle is not in contact with the cavity, the test bearings on two sides are in contact with the cavity, the load directly acts on the test bearing in the middle, and the formed reaction force is borne by the test bearings on two sides;

the cooling system component consists of a water cooling system and an air cooling system; the water cooling system forms a circulation through a water pipe, a water tank and a water pump to realize water cooling of the system; the air cooling system sends natural wind to the cavity of the test head part, and exhausts hot gas generated in the test to the outside of the equipment, so that the air cooling of the system is realized.

Further, the test head part comprises a test cavity and a test head;

the testing cavity comprises a front panel, an axial panel, a radial oil cylinder plate, a connecting panel, a bottom plate, a fixing screw, an axial positioning plate, a pull rod, a radial sizing block and a sizing block seat, wherein the front panel, the axial panel, the radial oil cylinder plate, the connecting panel and the bottom plate are fixed to form a rectangular cavity;

the test head comprises a radial stopper iron, a right-handed locking nut, a test shaft, a test-accompanying bearing, an isolating ring, a test bearing, a left-handed locking nut, a middle load body and an end load body; the test bearing and the test accompanying bearing are mounted on the test shaft, the test bearing is mounted in the middle of the test shaft, the test accompanying bearing is mounted at two ends of the test shaft, the isolation ring is mounted between the test shaft and the test accompanying bearing, the test shaft is separated from the test accompanying bearing and is screwed up through the left-handed locking nut and the right-handed locking nut, then the test shaft penetrates through the middle load body, the upper load body is mounted at two ends, and the whole test head is integrally hung in the test cavity.

Further, the cooling system components comprise a water cooling system and an air cooling system;

the water cooling system comprises: the water pipe joint, the water tank, the water return pipe, the air cooling machine, the water pump, the water feeding pipe and the water discharging pipe; the water pipe joint is fixed on the front panel, the water pump is arranged on the panel of the water tank, and the water pump is connected with the water pipe joint through a water feeding pipe; the sewer pipe is connected with the air cooling machine and the water pipe joint is connected through the sewer pipe; the water tank of the water return pipe is connected with the air cooler through a water return pipe to form a recyclable water cooling system;

the air cooling system comprises: the device comprises a fan bracket, a fan, an air pipe and a blower; the fan is fixed on a fan bracket, the fan bracket is fixed above the test cavity, and the blower is arranged on the inner part of the rack and is connected with a lower air inlet of a bottom plate of the test cavity through an air pipe; the fan sends natural wind to the cavity, and the fan pumps the hot gas that produces in the experiment to the equipment outside, forms the forced air cooling system.

Further, the transmission member includes: the device comprises a square mandrel, a left coupling sleeve, an elastic element, a right coupling sleeve, a transmission shaft seat, a motor plate, a motor, a belt pulley, a belt, a rotating speed sensor and a transmission shaft; the transmission shaft seat and the motor plate are arranged above the working flat plate, the motor is arranged on the motor plate, the transmission shaft is arranged in the transmission shaft seat, belt pulleys are arranged on an output shaft of the motor and the right end of the transmission shaft, the two belt pulleys are connected through a belt, the left end of the transmission shaft is connected with the right coupling sleeve, the left coupling sleeve is connected with the square spindle, the left coupling sleeve and the right coupling sleeve are flexibly connected through an elastic element, the square spindle is connected with the test shaft, and the test shaft reaches a corresponding rotating speed through the driving motor.

Further, the monitoring system component includes: the system comprises a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, a rotating speed sensor, a display, an industrial personal computer and a strong current control cabinet; the temperature sensor, the vibration sensor and the rotation speed sensor are connected to the signal processor, the signal processor is connected with the industrial personal computer through a digital-analog signal line, and data measured by the signal processor are displayed on the display.

Further, the loading system component includes: the system comprises a pump station, an energy accumulator, an electric contact pressure gauge, a stop valve, a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge, a pressure transmitter, an electromagnetic directional valve and a hydraulic oil cylinder; the pump station includes: the device comprises a filter, a motor, an oil pump, an overflow valve, a one-way valve and a one-way electromagnetic directional valve; the output shaft of the motor is connected with an oil pump, the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected with an oil tank pipeline through a filter, the oil outlet of the oil pump is respectively connected with a one-way valve and one end pipeline of an overflow valve, the other end of the overflow valve is connected with the oil tank pipeline, the other end of the one-way valve is connected with one end of an energy accumulator, a one-way electromagnetic directional valve is arranged on a pipeline of the one-way valve and the energy accumulator, the other end of the one-way electromagnetic directional valve is connected with a pipeline of the oil tank, the other end of the energy accumulator is connected with a stop valve, an electric contact pressure gauge is connected on a pipeline connecting the energy accumulator and the stop valve, the other end of the stop valve is connected with one end of the pressure regulating valve, the other end of the pressure regulating valve is connected with a P interface of the electromagnetic directional valve, a pressure meter and a pressure transmitter are connected on the pipelines of the stop valve and the pressure regulating valve, an interface A of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the front port of the hydraulic oil cylinder, and an interface B of the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the rear port of the hydraulic oil cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the radial cylinder plate, a weight hook is arranged below the pressure regulating valve, and the secondary oil pressure of the pressure regulating valve is regulated by regulating the weight of the weight.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the double-row conical large-scale bearing can be tested, the load and rotating speed performance of the double-row conical large-scale bearing is met, the stress problem is solved due to the flexible connection of the transmission connection design, the environment temperature of the tested bearing can be effectively reduced through the water cooling system and the air cooling system, and the performance accuracy of the bearing can be tested more accurately. The design of the rail transit bearing service life strengthening test system provided by the invention ensures the problems of rotating speed, bearing and temperature when the rail transit bearing is simulated to actually operate, and the accuracy of test bearing data in the test process is ensured by selecting the bearing with the same model as a test-accompanying bearing. A circulating water loop is arranged in the test cavity, and the water cooling system and the air cooling system ensure the controllability of the test environment and can be opened at any time according to the test process conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of components of a rail transit bearing life strengthening test system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a test part;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling system (water and air cooled);

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a transmission system component;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system test;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the loading system components;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a monitoring system;

in the figure: the device comprises a frame sheet metal part 1, a test head part 2, a cooling system part 3, a transmission part 4, a monitoring system part 5, a loading system part 6, a working flat plate 7, a front panel (8), an axial panel (9), a radial oil cylinder plate 10, a radial plug iron 11, a connecting panel 12, a bottom plate 13, a fixing screw 14, an axial positioning plate 15, a right-handed locking nut 16, a test shaft 17, an auxiliary bearing 18, an isolating ring 19, a test bearing 20, a left-handed locking nut 21, a pull rod 22, a radial pad iron 23, a pad iron seat 24, a middle load body 25, an end load body 26, a temperature sensor 27, a vibration sensor 28, a water pipe joint 29, a water tank 30, a water return pipe 31, an air cooler 32, a water pump 33, a water supply pipe 34, a sewer pipe 35, a fan bracket 36, a fan 37, an air pipe 38, 39, a square shaft 40, a left connecting shaft sleeve 41, an elastic element 42, a, The device comprises a transmission shaft seat 44, a motor plate 45, a motor 46, a belt pulley 47, a belt 48, a rotating speed sensor 49, a transmission shaft 50, a pump station 51, an energy accumulator 52, an electric contact pressure gauge 53, a stop valve 54, a pressure regulating valve 55, a pressure gauge 56, a pressure transmitter 57, an electromagnetic directional valve 58, a hydraulic oil cylinder 59, a filter 60, a motor 61, an oil pump 62, an overflow valve 63, a one-way valve 64, a one-way electromagnetic directional valve 65, a display 66, an industrial personal computer 67 and a strong electric control cabinet 68.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.

According to the use condition of the rail transit bearing, in order to accurately test the service life of the bearing, the invention designs the following main technical parameters: the rotating speed is 500-; the maximum radial load is 250kN, and the error is less than or equal to +/-2 percent; the cooling system is provided with a water cooling circulation system and an air cooling system; the measurement and control mode is computer automatic monitoring, automatic alarm shutdown and automatic recording; the monitoring program controls the test bearing to rotate forward and backward; the measured parameters are bearing rotation speed, vibration and inner ring temperature.

As shown in fig. 1, the life strengthening test system for a rail transit bearing of the present invention is used for testing the life of a rail transit bearing, and includes: the device comprises a frame sheet metal part 1, a test head part 2, a cooling system part 3, a transmission part 4, a monitoring system part 5, a loading system part 6 and a working flat plate 7; the testing head part 2 is connected with the transmission part 4 through a transmission square shaft and is arranged on the working flat plate 7; the loading system 6 acts on a radial oil cylinder on the test head part 2; the monitoring system part 5 controls the operation of the whole test system and monitors and records the measured data.

As shown in fig. 2, the test head part 2 includes a test cavity and a test head, wherein the test cavity includes a front panel 8, an axial panel 9, a radial cylinder plate 10, a connection panel 12, a bottom plate 13, a fixing screw 14, an axial positioning plate 15, a pull rod 22, a radial sizing block 23, a sizing block seat 24, five panels are fixed by screws to form a rectangular cavity, the sizing block seat 24 is fixed on the radial cylinder plate 10 by screws, the axial positioning plate 15 is placed in the axial panel 9, the fixing screw 14 is screwed in the center of the axial panel 9, and an acting force is applied to the axial fixing plate 15; the test head comprises a radial stopper 11, a right-handed locknut 16, a test shaft 17, an auxiliary test bearing 18, an isolating ring 19, a test bearing 20, a left-handed locknut 21, a middle load body 25 and an end load body 26; the test bearing 20 and the test accompanying bearing 18 are arranged on the test shaft 17, the test bearing 20 is arranged in the middle, the test accompanying bearing 18 is arranged on two sides, the middle is separated by the isolating ring 19, then the left-handed locking nut 21 and the right-handed locking nut 16 are screwed, then the test shaft 17 passes through the middle load body 25, the upper end load bodies 26 are arranged at two ends, and the whole test head is integrally hung in the test cavity. The test head part 2 is provided with three sets of bearings, a test bearing 20 is arranged in the middle, two sides of the test bearing are provided with test-accompanying bearings 18, the three sets of bearings are of the same shaft system, the test bearing 20 in the middle is not contacted with a cavity, the test-accompanying bearings 18 beside are contacted with the cavity, the load is directly acted on the test bearing 20 in the middle, and the formed reaction force is borne by the test-accompanying bearings 18 on the two sides;

as shown in fig. 3, the cooling system component 3 includes a water cooling system and an air cooling system; the water cooling system includes: a water pipe joint 29, a water tank 30, a water return pipe 31, an air cooling machine 32, a water pump 33, a water feeding pipe 34 and a sewer pipe 35; the water pipe joint 29 is fixed on the front panel 8, the water pump 33 is arranged on the panel of the water tank 30, and the upper water pipe 34 is connected with the water pump 33 and the water pipe joint 29; the downcomer 35 is connected with the air cooling machine 32 and the water pipe joint 29; the water return pipe 31 is connected with the air cooling machine 32 and the water tank 30; thus forming a recyclable water cooling system; the air cooling system comprises: a fan bracket 36, a fan 37, an air pipe 38 and a blower 39; the fan 37 is fixed on the fan bracket 36 and then fixed above the test cavity together, and the blower 39 is arranged on the internal frame and connected with the lower air inlet of the bottom plate 13 of the test cavity through the air pipe 38; the fan 37 sends cool air to the cavity, and the blower 39 exhausts hot air generated in the test to the outside of the device to form an air cooling system.

As shown in fig. 4, the transmission member 4 includes: a square mandrel 40, a left coupling sleeve 41, an elastic element 42, a right coupling sleeve 43, a transmission shaft seat 44, a motor plate 45, a motor 46, a belt pulley 47, a belt 48, a rotating speed sensor 49 and a transmission shaft 50; the transmission shaft seat 44 and the motor plate 45 are installed above the working flat plate 7, the motor 46 is installed on the motor plate 45, the transmission shaft 50 is installed in the transmission shaft seat 44, a belt pulley 47 is installed at the right ends of the motor 46 and the transmission shaft 50 and is connected and driven through a belt 48, the left end of the transmission shaft 50 is connected with the right coupling sleeve 43, the left coupling sleeve 41 is connected with the square mandrel 40, the left coupling sleeve 41 is flexibly connected with the right coupling sleeve (43) through an elastic element 42, the square mandrel 40 is connected with the test shaft 17, and the test shaft 17 is driven to reach a corresponding rotating speed through the driving motor 46.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the monitoring system section 5 includes: temperature sensor 27, vibration sensor 28, rotation speed sensor 49, display 66, industrial personal computer 67 and strong electric control cabinet 68; the temperature sensor 27 and the vibration sensor 28 are installed on the test head and directly contact with the test bearing 20, the rotating speed sensor 49 is installed at the right end of the transmission shaft 50 and close to the belt pulley 47 and used for testing the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 50, the temperature sensor 27, the vibration sensor 28 and the rotating speed sensor 49 are connected to the signal processor, the signal processor is connected with the industrial personal computer 67 through a digital-analog signal line, and measured data are displayed on the display 66.

As shown in fig. 6, the loading system component 6 includes: the system comprises a pump station 51, an energy accumulator 52, an electric contact pressure gauge 53, a stop valve 54, a pressure regulating valve 55, a pressure gauge 56, a pressure transmitter 57, an electromagnetic directional valve 58 and a hydraulic oil cylinder 59; the pump station 51 includes: a filter 60, a motor 61, an oil pump 62, a relief valve 63, a check valve 64, and a check electromagnetic directional valve 65; an output shaft of the motor 61 is connected with an oil pump 62, an oil inlet of the oil pump 62 is connected with a tank pipeline through a filter 60, an oil outlet of the oil pump 62 is respectively connected with a one-way valve 64 and an overflow valve 63, the other end of the overflow valve 63 is connected with the tank pipeline, the other end of the one-way valve 64 is connected with one end of the energy accumulator 52, a one-way electromagnetic directional valve 58 is arranged on a pipeline between the one-way valve 64 and the energy accumulator 52, the other end of the one-way electromagnetic directional valve 58 is connected with the tank pipeline, the other end of the energy accumulator 52 is connected with a stop valve 54, an electric contact pressure gauge 53 is connected on a pipeline between the energy accumulator 52 and the stop valve 54, the other end of the stop valve 54 is connected with one end of a pressure regulating valve 55, the other end of the pressure regulating valve 55 is connected with a P interface of the electromagnetic directional valve 58, the pressure gauge 56, the B interface of the electromagnetic directional valve 58 is connected with the rear port of the hydraulic oil cylinder 59; the hydraulic oil cylinder 59 is installed on the radial oil cylinder plate 10, a weight hook is installed below the pressure regulating valve 55, and the secondary oil pressure of the pressure regulating valve 55 is regulated by regulating the weight.

The specific test process is as follows:

(1) firstly, a test bearing 20 and two sets of test-accompanying bearings 18 are installed on a test shaft 17 by a press-fitting method, the test bearing 20 is placed in the middle, the test-accompanying bearings 18 are arranged on two sides, the middle of the bearing is separated by an isolating ring 19, and then the bearing is locked by a left-handed locking nut 21 and a right-handed locking nut 16. Then the test shaft 17 with the mounted bearing passes through the middle load body 25, the outer diameter of the test bearing 20 is matched with the inner hole of the middle load body 25, the outer diameter of the test bearing 18 on the two sides is matched with the inner hole of the end load body 26, and thus a set of complete test head is formed after the test shaft is mounted.

(2) The installed test head clamp is integrally hoisted into a test cavity, the pull rod 22 is screwed into the radial sizing block 23, the position of a tool is adjusted, the radial sizing block 11 is firstly fastened on the radial oil cylinder plate 10 through screws, the radial sizing block 11 is in smooth contact with the side face of the end load body 26, the radial sizing block 23 is placed in a sizing block seat 24, an inner hexagon wrench is used for screwing the fixing screw 14 to push the axial positioning plate (10) to be in contact with the end face of the end load body 26, and then the fixing screw is turned back to 1/2 circles to eliminate the axial force. The temperature sensor 27 is inserted into the temperature hole of the load body and contacts the outer ring of the bearing, the vibration sensor 28 is installed on the middle load body, the fan 37 is fixed on the fan bracket 36, and the fan bracket 36 is fixed above the test cavity.

(3) The test shaft 17 is connected with a left coupling sleeve 41 by a square mandrel 40, the left coupling sleeve 41 is connected with a right coupling sleeve 43, an elastic element 42 is placed in the middle, and the connection structure is flexible. The speed sensor 49 is installed on the transmission shaft seat 44, and is close to the magnetic steel on the belt pulley 47, and finally the start button of the strong electric control cabinet 68 is pressed, and the cooling system starts to operate.

(4) According to the performance parameters of the test bearing 20, the magnitude of the load bearing force and the test rotating speed of the test scheme are determined, a test program is written in the industrial personal computer 67, the execution time and the execution frequency of the bearing 20 to be tested are set, and the test system is started. The input frequency value is fed back to the frequency converter to control the number of revolutions of the drive motor 46. After the test system is operated, a loading button of a strong electric control cabinet 68 is turned on, then the stop valve 54 is opened and the pressure regulating valve 55 is adjusted to enable the loading component 6 to start to operate, and the hydraulic oil cylinder 59 starts to push the radial sizing block 23 forwards to enable the radial sizing block 23 to be in contact with the middle load body 25, so that the test bearing is stressed. The weight was added to the weight hook 3 times in the first 2 hours of operation and finally to the load value of the test bearing 20. The vibration sensor 28, the temperature sensor 27 and the speed sensor 49 display the acquired data on the display 66 through the industrial personal computer 67, and the service life test of the test bearing 20 is completed.

(5) After the test operation is stable, the measured temperature, vibration and revolution values can be seen on the interface of the display 66, and the out-of-range shutdown value is input into the control system, so that the test system can safely operate in an unmanned state.

The industrial personal computer 67 only transmits the frequency signal to the frequency converter and displays the data collected by the vibration sensor 28, the temperature sensor 27 and the speed sensor 49 through the display 66, which is a common technical means in the field and is not the invention point of the invention.

The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A rail transit bearing life strengthening test system is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a rack (1), a test head component (2), a cooling system component (3), a transmission component (4), a monitoring system component (5), a loading system component (6) and a working flat plate (7); the testing head component (2) is connected with the transmission component (4) through a transmission square shaft and is arranged on the working flat plate (7); the loading system component (6) acts on a radial oil cylinder on the test head component (2); the monitoring system component (5) controls the operation of the whole test system and monitors and records the actually measured data;

the testing head part (2) is provided with three sets of bearings, the testing bearing (20) is arranged in the middle, the test-accompanying bearings (18) are arranged on two sides of the testing bearing, the three sets of bearings are arranged on the same shaft system, the testing bearing (20) in the middle is not contacted with the cavity, the test-accompanying bearings (18) on two sides are contacted with the cavity, the load is directly acted on the testing bearing (20) in the middle, and the formed reaction force is born by the test-accompanying bearings (18) on two sides;

the cooling system component (3) consists of a water cooling system and an air cooling system; the water cooling system forms a circulation through a water pipe, a water tank (30) and a water pump (33) to realize water cooling of the system; the air cooling system sends natural air to the cavity of the test head component (2), and hot air generated in the test is exhausted to the outside of the device, so that air cooling of the system is achieved.

2. The rail transit bearing life strengthening test system according to claim 1, wherein the test head part (2) comprises a test cavity and a test head;

the test cavity comprises a front panel (8), an axial panel (9), a radial oil cylinder plate (10), a connecting panel (12), a bottom plate (13), a fixing screw (14), an axial positioning plate (15), a pull rod (22), a radial sizing block (23) and a sizing block seat (24), wherein the front panel (8), the axial panel (9), the radial oil cylinder plate (10), the connecting panel (12) and the bottom plate (13) are fixed to form a rectangular cavity, the sizing block seat (24) is fixed on the radial oil cylinder plate (10), the axial positioning plate (15) is placed on the inner side of the axial panel (9), the fixing screw (14) is screwed at the center of the axial panel (9) and acts on the axial positioning plate (15);

the test head comprises a radial stopper iron (11), a right-handed locking nut (16), a test shaft (17), an auxiliary test bearing (18), an isolating ring (19), a test bearing (20), a left-handed locking nut (21), a middle load body (25) and an end load body (26); experimental bearing (20), accompany examination bearing (18) and install on experimental axle (17), experimental bearing (20) are installed in the middle of experimental axle (17), accompany examination bearing (18) and install two ends in experimental axle (17), experimental axle (17) and accompany examination bearing (18) middle installation isolating ring (19), separate experimental axle (17) and accompany examination bearing (18), and screw up through levogyration lock nut (21) and dextrorotation lock nut (16), then pass well load body (25) with experimental axle (17), load body (26) on two end ann, wholly hang into experimental cavity with whole experimental head.

3. The rail transit bearing life strengthening test system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling system component (3) comprises a water cooling system and an air cooling system;

the water cooling system comprises: a water pipe joint (29), a water tank (30), a water return pipe (31), an air cooling machine (32), a water pump (33), an upper water pipe (34) and a lower water pipe (35); the water pipe connector (29) is fixed on the front panel (8), the water pump (33) is installed on the panel of the water tank (30), and the water pump (33) is connected with the water pipe connector (29) through the water feeding pipe (34); the sewer pipe (35) is connected with the air cooling machine (32) and the water pipe joint (29) and is connected with the sewer pipe (35); the water tank (30) and the air cooler (32) of the water return pipe (31) are connected through the water return pipe (31) to form a recyclable water cooling system;

the air cooling system comprises: the air conditioner comprises a fan bracket (36), a fan (37), an air pipe (38) and a blower (39); the fan (37) is fixed on a fan support (36), the fan support (36) is fixed above the test cavity, and the blower (39) is installed on the inner part of the rack (1) and is connected with a lower air inlet of a bottom plate (13) of the test cavity through an air pipe (38); the fan (37) sends natural wind to the cavity, and the fan (39) pumps hot gas generated in the test out of the equipment to form an air cooling system.

4. The rail transit bearing life strengthening test system according to claim 1, wherein the transmission component (4) comprises: the device comprises a square mandrel (40), a left coupling sleeve (41), an elastic element (42), a right coupling sleeve (43), a transmission shaft seat (44), a motor plate (45), a motor (46), a belt pulley (47), a belt (48), a rotating speed sensor (49) and a transmission shaft (50); transmission shaft seat (44) and motor board (45) are installed in work flat board (7) top, install on motor board (45) motor (46), install in transmission shaft seat (44) transmission shaft (50), belt pulley (47) are all installed to the output shaft of motor (46) and the right-hand member of transmission shaft (50), two belt pulley (47) are connected through belt (48), right coupling sleeve (43) is connected to transmission shaft (50) left end, square axle sleeve (40) is connected to left side coupling sleeve (41), elastic element (42) flexonics are used to left side coupling sleeve (41) and right coupling sleeve (43), test axle (17) is connected to square axle (40), make test axle (17) reach corresponding rotational speed through driving motor (46).

5. The rail transit bearing life reinforcement test system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring system component (5) comprises: the device comprises a temperature sensor (27), a vibration sensor (28), a rotating speed sensor (49), a display (66), an industrial personal computer (67) and a strong current control cabinet (68); temperature sensor (27), vibration sensor (28) are installed on experimental head, direct contact test bearing (20), tachometric sensor (49) are installed and are close to belt pulley (47) department at the right-hand member of transmission shaft (50), a rotational speed for testing transmission shaft (50), temperature sensor (27), vibration sensor (28), tachometric sensor (49) are connected on signal processor, signal processor passes through digital analog signal line and connects industrial computer (67), its data that record show on display (66).

6. The rail transit bearing life strengthening test system according to claim 1, wherein the loading system component (6) comprises: the system comprises a pump station (51), an energy accumulator (52), an electric contact pressure gauge (53), a stop valve (54), a pressure regulating valve (55), a pressure gauge (56), a pressure transmitter (57), an electromagnetic directional valve (58) and a hydraulic oil cylinder (59); the pump station (51) comprises: a filter (60), a motor (61), an oil pump (62), an overflow valve (63), a check valve (64) and a one-way electromagnetic directional valve (65); an output shaft of the motor (61) is connected with an oil pump (62), an oil inlet of the oil pump (62) is connected with an oil tank pipeline through a filter (60), an oil outlet of the oil pump (62) is respectively connected with pipelines at one ends of a one-way valve (64) and an overflow valve (63), the other end of the overflow valve (63) is connected with the oil tank pipeline, the other end of the one-way valve (64) is connected with one end of an energy accumulator (52), a one-way electromagnetic reversing valve (65) is installed on a pipeline between the one-way valve (64) and the energy accumulator (52), the other end of the one-way electromagnetic reversing valve (65) is connected with the oil tank pipeline, the other end of the energy accumulator (52) is connected with a stop valve (54), a pressure gauge (53) is connected on a pipeline between the energy accumulator (52) and the stop valve (54), the other end of the stop valve (54) is connected with one end of a pressure regulating valve (55), a pressure gauge (56) and a pressure transmitter (57) are connected to pipelines of the stop valve (54) and the pressure regulating valve (55), an interface A of the electromagnetic directional valve (58) is connected with a front port of the hydraulic oil cylinder (59), and an interface B of the electromagnetic directional valve (58) is connected with a rear port of the hydraulic oil cylinder (59); the hydraulic oil cylinder (59) is arranged on the radial oil cylinder plate (10), a weight hook is arranged below the pressure regulating valve (55), and the secondary oil pressure of the pressure regulating valve (55) is regulated by regulating the mass of a weight.

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