CN111424275A

CN111424275A - Laser cladding powder feeder

Info

Publication number: CN111424275A
Application number: CN202010457322.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱金娇; 徐峰; 孙传武; 许娇成; 李蓉; 黄黎明; 李晓兵
Original assignee: Xinjiang Huixiang Laser Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Xinjiang Huixiang Laser Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-26
Filing date: 2020-05-26
Publication date: 2020-07-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding powder feeder in the technical field of laser cladding, which comprises a powder storage device and a powder feeding head, wherein the powder storage device comprises a fixed disc, the top of the fixed disc is fixedly provided with a group of storage cylinders, the bottom of the fixed disc is fixedly connected with a mixing cylinder, the storage cylinders are communicated with the mixing cylinder through mixing tubes, the middle of each storage cylinder is fixedly connected with a lower powder hopper, a rotating wheel is arranged below the lower powder hopper, the side wall of each rotating wheel is fixedly provided with a mixing tube and a powder feeding tube, the top of the mixing cylinder is communicated with an output tube, the middle of the output tube is fixedly connected with a homogenizing tube, the middle of the homogenizing tube is fixedly provided with a homogenizing fan blade, the output tube is communicated with the powder feeding head, the powder feeding head comprises a water cooling sleeve, a protective sleeve and a powder feeding sleeve, a gas curtain channel is arranged between the protective sleeve and the water cooling sleeve, and a water cooling cavity, the waste of materials is reduced, the mixing is simple and convenient, the proportion is accurate, the cladding quality is improved, and the powder sintering blockage is avoided to a certain extent.

Description

Laser cladding powder feeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding powder feeder.

Background

Laser cladding is a new surface modification technology, and is a method for fusing a cladding material on the surface of a base material together with a thin layer on the surface of the base material by using a laser beam with high energy density. The method is characterized in that selected coating materials are placed on the surface of a cladded substrate in different material adding modes, and are simultaneously melted with a thin layer on the surface of the substrate through laser irradiation, and the surface coating which has extremely low dilution and is metallurgically combined with the substrate is formed after the surface coating is rapidly solidified. The method aims to improve the wear-resisting, corrosion-resisting, heat-resisting, oxidation-resisting and electrical properties of the surface of the base material, so as to achieve the modification and repair of the surface of the base material, meet the requirements on the specific properties of the surface of the material and save a large amount of precious elements. At present, when some parts are subjected to laser cladding, different materials are required to be clad on the surfaces of the parts in the cladding process so as to increase the hardness of the surfaces of the parts, the existing method is to put two different cladding materials into one powder feeder to be uniformly mixed and then convey the materials into a laser cladding head to be subjected to laser cladding, but in the uniformly mixing process, due to the adoption of manual operation, the expected effect cannot be achieved, so that the yield of the parts after laser cladding is influenced, excessive mixing is easy to cause waste, the temperature around the laser focus in the laser cladding is quite high, the front end of a powder feeding nozzle is very close to the focus, the temperature of the powder feeding nozzle is increased, when the temperature of the powder feeding nozzle is close to the melting point temperature of the powder, the powder is melted at the powder feeding port, the powder feeding amount of the powder feeding nozzle is reduced a little, and finally the powder feeding port is completely blocked, the laser cladding processing is seriously influenced.

Based on the above, the invention designs a laser cladding powder feeder to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser cladding powder feeder, which aims to solve the problems that in the process of uniformly mixing, the expected effect cannot be achieved through manual operation, the yield of parts after laser cladding is influenced, excessive mixing easily causes waste, the temperature around a laser focus in laser cladding is quite high, and when the temperature of a powder feeding nozzle is close to the melting point temperature of powder, the powder feeding nozzle is blocked, and the laser cladding processing is influenced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a powder feeder for laser cladding comprises a powder storage device and a powder feeding head, wherein the powder storage device comprises a fixed disc, a group of storage cylinders are fixedly mounted at the top of the fixed disc, a mixing cylinder is fixedly connected at the bottom of the fixed disc, the storage cylinders are communicated with the mixing cylinder through mixing pipes, the storage cylinders are communicated with the powder feeding head through powder feeding pipes, a lower powder hopper is fixedly connected in the middle of the storage cylinders, a rotating wheel is arranged below the lower powder hopper, a mixing pipe and a powder feeding pipe are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating wheel, an output pipe is communicated with the top of the mixing cylinder, a homogeneous pipe is fixedly connected in the middle of the output pipe, homogeneous blades are fixedly mounted in the middle of the homogeneous pipe, the output pipe is communicated with the powder feeding head, the powder feeding head comprises a water cooling sleeve, a protective sleeve and a powder feeding sleeve, a powder feeding channel is arranged between the powder feeding sleeve and the protective sleeve, and, and a water cooling cavity is formed in the middle of the water cooling sleeve.

Preferably, the powder feeding turntable is fixedly connected to the middle of the storage cylinder, the rotating wheel is rotatably connected to the middle of the powder feeding turntable, a powder feeding motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the powder feeding turntable, and the output end of the powder feeding motor is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of the rotating wheel.

Preferably, the bottom of the lower powder hopper is fixedly connected with a charging barrel, the bottom of the charging barrel is attached to the side wall of the rotating wheel, and the side wall of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected with a plurality of partition plates.

Preferably, the mixing pipe is communicated with the mixing pipe, the powder feeding pipe is communicated with the powder feeding pipe, and the mixing pipe and the powder feeding pipe are located on two sides of the rotating wheel.

Preferably, the middle of the homogenizing pipe is fixedly connected with an installation fence, the side wall of the installation fence is rotatably connected with homogenizing fan blades, and the bottom of the mixing cylinder is fixedly connected with a mixed air pump.

Preferably, the middle of the powder feeding sleeve is provided with a laser head, and the extending focuses of the water cooling sleeve, the protective sleeve and the powder feeding sleeve are positioned on a laser light path of the laser head.

Preferably, the top of the water-cooling cavity is communicated with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the end of the water inlet pipe is positioned at the bottom of the water-cooling cavity, and the water outlet pipe is positioned at the top of the water-cooling cavity.

Preferably, a group of dispersible tablets is fixedly arranged at the top of the air curtain, the dispersible tablets are arranged in a height manner and are inclined inwards, and the dispersible tablets are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water cooling jacket and the outer wall of the protective jacket respectively.

Preferably, the top of the powder feeding channel is communicated with two groups of connecting pipes, one group of connecting pipes is communicated with the output pipe, and the other group of connecting pipes is communicated with the powder feeding pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention has the advantages that the rotating wheel is provided with a plurality of groups of powder feeding paths, and the powder is mixed and fed in real time through the mixing cylinder, so that flexible material use is realized, the material waste is reduced, and the mixing is simple and convenient and the proportion is accurate through the homogeneous tube.

2. The cladding of different material powders can be realized through the switching of powder path pipe diameters, the dispersion of the dispersion piece that the trachea that communicates through the air curtain way set up through upper and lower straggling inwards slope forms cyclic annular air current cover and is being sent the powder way outside, and the whereabouts route of powder when restricting to send the powder avoids a large amount of effluviums to reduce and melts the quality, leads to the coolant liquid through the inlet tube and fills in the water-cooling intracavity, and the coolant liquid upwards flows through the outlet pipe from the bottom, and the cooling is thorough, and the cooling is timely, is favorable to the stable use of device, avoids the powder sintering.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bottom view partially cut-away structure of a powder feeder according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary cross-section of the powder feeder of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a powder feeding head according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a half-section structure of the powder feeding head of the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1-powder storage device, 2-powder feeding head, 3-fixed disk, 4-storage cylinder, 5-mixing cylinder, 6-mixing tube, 7-powder feeding tube, 8-powder discharging hopper, 9-rotating wheel, 10-mixing tube, 11-powder feeding tube, 12-output tube, 13-homogenizing tube, 14-homogenizing fan blade, 15-water cooling jacket, 16-protective jacket, 17-powder feeding jacket, 18-powder feeding channel, 19-air curtain channel, 20-water cooling cavity, 21-powder feeding rotary disk, 22-material cylinder, 23-isolation plate, 24-mixing air pump, 25-laser head, 26-water inlet tube, 27-dispersible tablet and 28-connecting tube.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a laser cladding powder feeder comprises a powder storage device 1 and a powder feeding head 2, wherein the powder storage device 1 comprises a fixed disc 3, a group of storage cylinders 4 are fixedly arranged at the top of the fixed disc 3, a mixing cylinder 5 is fixedly connected at the bottom of the fixed disc 3, the storage cylinders 4 are communicated with the mixing cylinder 5 through mixing pipes 6, the storage cylinders 4 are communicated with the powder feeding head 2 through powder feeding pipes 7, a lower powder hopper 8 is fixedly connected in the middle of the storage cylinders 4, rotating wheels 9 are arranged below the lower powder hopper 8, a mixing pipe 10 and a powder feeding pipe 11 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of each rotating wheel 9, an output pipe 12 is communicated at the top of each mixing cylinder 5, a homogeneous pipe 13 is fixedly connected in the middle of the output pipe 12, homogeneous fan blades 14 are fixedly arranged in the middle of the homogeneous pipe 13, the output pipe 12 is communicated with the powder feeding head 2, the powder feeding head 2 comprises a water cooling sleeve 15, a protective sleeve 16 and a powder feeding sleeve 17, a powder feeding channel 18 is arranged between the, the middle of the water cooling jacket 15 is provided with a water cooling cavity 20.

Wherein, the middle of the storage cylinder 4 is fixedly connected with a powder feeding turntable 21, the middle of the powder feeding turntable 21 is rotatably connected with a rotating wheel 9, the side wall of the powder feeding turntable 21 is fixedly provided with a powder feeding motor, and the output end of the powder feeding motor is fixedly connected with the wheel shaft of the rotating wheel 9. The bottom of the lower powder hopper 8 is fixedly connected with a charging barrel 22, the bottom of the charging barrel 22 is attached to the side wall of the rotating wheel 9, and the side wall of the rotating wheel 9 is fixedly connected with a plurality of partition plates 23. The mixing pipe 10 is communicated with the mixing pipe 6, the powder feeding pipe 11 is communicated with the powder feeding pipe 7, and the mixing pipe 10 and the powder feeding pipe 11 are positioned on two sides of the rotating wheel 9. The middle of the homogenizing pipe 13 is fixedly connected with an installation fence, the side wall of the installation fence is rotatably connected with homogenizing fan blades 14, and the bottom of the mixing drum 5 is fixedly connected with a mixing air pump 24. The middle of the powder feeding sleeve 17 is provided with a laser head 25, and the extending focuses of the water cooling sleeve 15, the protective sleeve 16 and the powder feeding sleeve 17 are positioned on a laser light path of the laser head 25. The top of the water-cooling cavity 20 is communicated with a water inlet pipe 26 and a water outlet pipe, the end of the water inlet pipe 26 is positioned at the bottom of the water-cooling cavity 20, and the water outlet pipe is positioned at the top of the water-cooling cavity 20. The top of the air curtain channel 19 is fixedly provided with a group of dispersible tablets 27, the dispersible tablets 27 are arranged in height and are inclined inwards, and the dispersible tablets 27 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water cooling jacket 15 and the outer wall of the protective jacket 16 respectively. Two groups of connecting pipes 28 are communicated with the top of the powder feeding channel 18, one group of connecting pipes 28 is communicated with the output pipe 12, and the other group is communicated with the powder feeding pipe 7.

One specific application of this embodiment is: as shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, when the powder feeding device is used, cladding powder is added into a lower powder hopper 8 by opening a top cover of a powder storage cylinder 4, an internal rotating wheel 9 is driven to rotate by switching on a powder feeding motor, the powder in a material cylinder 22 falls between isolation plates 23 of the rotating wheel 9 through self weight, a powder feeding road is adjusted by controlling the rotation direction of the powder feeding motor, the internal powder is fed into a mixing pipe 10 by forward rotation, the internal powder is fed into a powder feeding pipe 11 by reverse rotation, and the powder is fed in a precise orientation mode through the arrangement of the material cylinder 22 and the isolation plates 23.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, if laser cladding is a single material, the powder is directly conveyed to the powder feeding head 2 through the powder feeding pipe 7, if the powder needs to be mixed, the powder enters the mixing barrel 5 through the mixing pipe 10, the powder just falling into the mixing barrel 5 is blown away and mixed through the airflow blown out by the bottom mixing air pump 24, the powder enters the powder feeding head 2 through the top output pipe 12, the powder-carrying airflow flows through the homogenizing pipes 13 and drives the homogenizing fan blades 14 to rotate simultaneously when passing through the output pipe 12, and further mixing of the flowing powder is achieved, and uniformly mixed cladding powder is formed when the powder reaches the powder feeding head 2, so that real-time material mixing cladding is realized, no advance mixing is needed, and the waste is reduced by how much.

As shown in figures 4 and 5, a single powder material is connected with a connecting pipe through a powder feeding pipe 7 and enters a powder feeding channel 18, a mixed carrier gas powder material is connected with another group of connecting pipes through an output pipe 12 and enters the powder feeding channel 18, cladding of different material powders can be realized through switching of the diameters of powder paths, meanwhile, a gas pipe communicated with a gas curtain channel 19 is dispersed through dispersing tablets 27 which are staggered up and down and are obliquely arranged inwards to form an annular gas flow cover outside the powder feeding channel, the falling path of the powder material during powder feeding is limited, a large amount of flying-out is avoided, cladding quality is reduced, cooling liquid is introduced into a water cooling cavity 20 through a water inlet pipe 26, the end part of the water inlet pipe 26 is close to the bottom of the water cooling cavity 26, so that the cooling liquid flows upwards through a water outlet pipe from the bottom, the cooling.

The invention has the advantages that a plurality of groups of powder feeding paths are arranged through the rotating wheel 9, real-time mixing and feeding are carried out through the mixing cylinder 5, flexible material using is realized, the material using waste is reduced, the mixing is simple and convenient through the arranged homogeneous pipe 13, the proportion is accurate, the cladding of different material powders can be realized through the switching of the pipe diameters of the powder paths, the air pipes communicated through the air curtain channel 19 are dispersed through the dispersing pieces 27 which are staggered up and down and are obliquely arranged inwards to form the annular airflow cover outside the powder feeding channel, the falling path of the powder materials during powder feeding is limited, the phenomenon that a large amount of powder materials fly out to reduce the cladding quality is avoided, the cooling liquid is introduced through the water inlet pipe 26 and filled into the water cooling cavity 20, the cooling liquid flows out from the bottom upwards through the water.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a laser cladding powder feeder, includes stores up powder ware (1) and send whitewashed head (2), its characterized in that: the powder storage device (1) comprises a fixed disc (3), a group of storage cylinders (4) are fixedly mounted at the top of the fixed disc (3), a mixing cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed disc (3), the storage cylinders (4) are communicated with the mixing cylinder (5) through a mixing pipe (6), the storage cylinders (4) are communicated with a powder feeding head (2) through powder feeding pipes (7), a lower powder hopper (8) is fixedly connected to the middle of the storage cylinders (4), a rotating wheel (9) is arranged below the lower powder hopper (8), a mixing pipe (10) and a powder feeding pipe (11) are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating wheel (9), an output pipe (12) is communicated with the top of the mixing cylinder (5), a homogenizing pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the middle of the output pipe (12), homogenizing pipes (13) are fixedly mounted in the middle of the homogenizing pipe (13), homogenizing fans (14) are fixedly mounted in the middle of the homogenizing pipe (13), the powder feeding head (2) comprises a water cooling sleeve (15), a protective sleeve (16) and a powder feeding sleeve (17), a powder feeding channel (18) is arranged between the powder feeding sleeve (17) and the protective sleeve (16), an air curtain channel (19) is arranged between the protective sleeve (16) and the water cooling sleeve (15), and a water cooling cavity (20) is formed in the middle of the water cooling sleeve (15).

2. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the powder feeding device is characterized in that a powder feeding rotary table (21) is fixedly connected to the middle of the storage cylinder (4), a rotating wheel (9) is rotatably connected to the middle of the powder feeding rotary table (21), a powder feeding motor is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the powder feeding rotary table (21), and the output end of the powder feeding motor is fixedly connected with a wheel shaft of the rotating wheel (9).

3. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: powder fill (8) bottom fixedly connected with feed cylinder (22) down, feed cylinder (22) bottom and runner (9) lateral wall laminating, runner (9) lateral wall fixedly connected with a plurality of division boards (23).

4. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the mixing pipe (10) is communicated with the mixing pipe (6), the powder feeding pipe (11) is communicated with the powder feeding pipe (7), and the mixing pipe (10) and the powder feeding pipe (11) are positioned on two sides of the rotating wheel (9).

5. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the middle of the homogenizing pipe (13) is fixedly connected with an installation fence, the side wall of the installation fence is rotatably connected with homogenizing fan blades (14), and the bottom of the mixing drum (5) is fixedly connected with a mixing air pump (24).

6. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the middle of the powder feeding sleeve (17) is provided with a laser head (25), and the extending focuses of the water cooling sleeve (15), the protective sleeve (16) and the powder feeding sleeve (17) are positioned on a laser light path of the laser head (25).

7. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the top of the water-cooling cavity (20) is communicated with a water inlet pipe (26) and a water outlet pipe, the end part of the water inlet pipe (26) is positioned at the bottom of the water-cooling cavity (20), and the water outlet pipe is positioned at the top of the water-cooling cavity (20).

8. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the top of the air curtain channel (19) is fixedly provided with a group of dispersible tablets (27), the dispersible tablets (27) are arranged in height and inclined inwards, and the dispersible tablets (27) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water cooling jacket (15) and the outer wall of the protective jacket (16) respectively.

9. The laser cladding powder feeder of claim 1, wherein: the top of the powder feeding channel (18) is communicated with two groups of connecting pipes (28), one group of connecting pipes (28) is communicated with the output pipe (12), and the other group is communicated with the powder feeding pipe (7).