CN111424144B - Quenching process and quenching device thereof - Google Patents
Quenching process and quenching device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111424144B CN111424144B CN202010452325.9A CN202010452325A CN111424144B CN 111424144 B CN111424144 B CN 111424144B CN 202010452325 A CN202010452325 A CN 202010452325A CN 111424144 B CN111424144 B CN 111424144B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
- C21D1/64—Quenching devices for bath quenching with circulating liquids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F27/90—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with paddles or arms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quenching process and a quenching device thereof, belonging to the technical field of forging processing, and the quenching device comprises a quenching bath, wherein a rack is erected on the quenching bath, a plurality of stirring paddles are arranged on the rack, the stirring paddles are rotationally connected with the rack, a driving assembly for driving the stirring paddles to rotate is arranged on the rack, a plurality of guide holes are formed in the bottom of the quenching bath, and the guide holes and the stirring paddles are oppositely arranged. Through the matching of the stirring paddle and the guide hole, a vortex is formed in the quenching bath, so that the aim of improving the working efficiency of the forge piece processing is fulfilled; a quenching process improves the quenching processing efficiency of forgings by arranging a quenching device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging processing, in particular to a quenching process and a quenching device thereof.
Background
The quenching of steel is a heat treatment process of heating the steel to a temperature above a critical temperature Ac3 (hypoeutectoid steel) or Ac1 (hypereutectoid steel), preserving heat for a period of time to make the steel totally or partially austenitized, and then rapidly cooling the steel to a temperature below Ms (or isothermal near Ms) at a cooling speed greater than a critical cooling speed to perform martensite (or bainite) transformation, so as to greatly improve the rigidity, hardness, wear resistance, fatigue strength, toughness and the like of the steel, thereby meeting different use requirements of various mechanical parts and tools.
In the prior art, the quenching of the forging is generally realized by putting the forging into a quenching tank filled with cooling liquid.
When the quenching bath in the technical scheme is adopted to process the forge piece, heat exchange is generated between the forge piece and the cooling liquid along with the increase of soaking time, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid around the forge piece is increased, the cooling rate of the forge piece is slowed down, and the quenching efficiency of the forge piece is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the quenching device, which is used for rapidly cooling the forging through the arrangement of the stirring paddle and achieving the purpose of improving the quenching efficiency of the forging.
The invention also aims to provide a quenching process, and the quenching efficiency of the forge piece is improved by arranging the quenching device.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the utility model provides a quenching device, includes the quenching bath, the quenching bath is put on the shelf and is put up the frame, be provided with a plurality of stirring rakes in the frame, the stirring rake rotates with the frame to be connected, be provided with in the frame and be used for driving stirring rake pivoted drive assembly, a plurality of guiding holes have been seted up to the quenching bath bottom of the pool, the guiding hole sets up with the stirring rake relatively.
By adopting the technical scheme, the liquid in the quenching tank flows into the guide hole, the forging piece is placed in the quenching tank, and the driving assembly is controlled to enable the stirring paddle to rotate, so that a vortex is formed between the stirring paddle and the guide hole, the flowing speed of the water around the forging piece is improved, and the exchange speed of the water around the forging piece and the water at other positions is improved; in addition, water around the forge piece flows away after being contacted with the forge piece through the guide holes, so that the contact probability of high-temperature liquid and the forge piece is reduced, in addition, the generation of vortex reduces the amount of hotter cooling liquid contacted with the forge piece, and the purpose of improving the quenching efficiency of the forge piece is realized.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: be provided with the gear train in the frame, the gear train includes a plurality of gears that mesh in proper order, just the gear of gear train all rotates with the frame to be connected, drive assembly includes driving motor, drive chain, coaxial fixedly connected with drive gear on driving motor's the output main shaft, drive gear and drive chain meshing, coaxial fixedly connected with live gear on one of them gear of gear train, live gear and drive chain meshing, it is a plurality of the stirring rake is respectively with the coaxial fixed connection of gear of the different positions of gear train.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, start driving motor for drive gear drives drive chain and rotates and take the running gear to rotate, thereby makes the gear train rotate, and the stirring rake rotates promptly, thereby makes the stirring rake stir quenching in-bath cooling liquid.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and the gears at intervals between the gears corresponding to the adjacent stirring paddles are set to be even numbers.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adjacent stirring rake corresponds the gear quantity of interval between the gear and is the even number for adjacent stirring rake rotation direction is opposite, thereby makes the difficult convection current that takes place of quenching liquid that adjacent stirring rake stirred, thereby has further improved the machining efficiency that the forging was quenched.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the quenching device further comprises a circulating mechanism, the circulating mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe, a first water pump and a water outlet pipe, one end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a plurality of water inlet sub-pipes, the other end of the water inlet sub-pipes is connected with the first water pump, the other end of the water inlet sub-pipes is communicated with the guide holes respectively, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the first water pump, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the quenching tank.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first water pump is started to enable the cooling liquid in the quenching tank to enter the water inlet sub-pipe through the guide hole, enter the water outlet pipe through the water inlet pipe and finally return to the quenching tank, so that the recycling of the cooling liquid is realized, and the purpose of saving resources is realized.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the water outlet pipe comprises a drainage section and a connecting section, the circulating mechanism further comprises a cooling tower and a second water pump, one end of the connecting section is connected with the cooling tower, the other end of the connecting section is connected with the first water pump, one end of the drainage section is connected with the cooling tower, and the other end of the drainage section is communicated with the quenching tank after being connected with the second water pump.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling liquid returns to the quenching tank after passing through the cooling tower, so that the cooling tower cools the cooling liquid, the temperature of the cooling liquid in the quenching tank is difficult to change greatly due to heat exchange with the forge piece, and the influence of the temperature of the cooling liquid on the quenching efficiency of the forge piece is reduced.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: one end of the water outlet pipe, which is far away from the first water pump, is communicated with a plurality of water outlet sub-pipes, and the pipe orifices of the water outlet sub-pipes are distributed along the circumferential direction of the quenching bath.
By adopting the technical scheme, the arrangement of the plurality of water outlet pipes increases the amount of the cooling liquid in the quenching pool contacted with the cooled cooling liquid, thereby further realizing the purpose of improving the quenching working efficiency of the forge piece.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the quenching device is characterized in that a communicating hole is formed in the bottom of the quenching tank and is communicated with a water inlet sub-pipe, a plurality of liquid guide grooves in the horizontal direction are formed in the bottom of the quenching tank, and one end of each liquid guide groove is opened and is communicated with the communicating hole.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the forge piece is placed into the quenching bath, the forge piece is contacted with the bottom of the quenching bath, so that the quenching effect at the bottom of the forge piece is poor, and therefore, the liquid guide groove is formed at the bottom of the quenching bath, so that the cooling liquid flows into the communicating hole from the liquid guide groove, the amount of the cooling liquid contacted with the bottom surface of the forge piece is increased, and the quenching processing efficiency of the forge piece is further improved.
The second aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a quenching process comprising the steps of: s1, heating the forging to 700-;
s2, placing the forge piece subjected to heat preservation into a quenching device for rapid cooling, wherein the temperature of a cold water tank is not more than 45 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rapid cooling of the forge piece is realized through the arrangement of the quenching device.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the time for transferring the forging into the cooling device is not more than 45 s.
By adopting the technical scheme, the transfer time of the forge piece is limited, and the contact time of the forge piece and air is reduced, so that the influence of the contact of the forge piece and the air on the forge piece is reduced.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the liquid in the quenching tank flows into the guide holes, the forging piece is placed in the quenching tank, and the driving assembly is controlled to enable the stirring paddles to rotate, so that eddy currents are formed between the stirring paddles and the guide holes, the flowing speed of the water around the forging piece is improved, and the exchange speed of the water around the forging piece and water at other positions is improved; in addition, the guide holes enable water around the forge piece to flow away after contacting the forge piece, so that the contact probability of high-temperature liquid and the forge piece is reduced, in addition, the generation of vortex reduces the amount of hotter cooling liquid contacting the forge piece, and the purpose of improving the quenching efficiency of the forge piece is realized;
2. the arrangement of the circulating mechanism enables the cooling tower to cool the cooling liquid flowing out of the quenching tank, and then the cooled liquid flows back to the quenching tank, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid in the quenching tank is not easy to rise due to the increase of the quenching amount, and the purpose of improving the working efficiency of the forge piece processing is further achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of another aspect of the present invention to show the liquid guiding groove.
Reference numerals: 100. a quenching bath; 110. a guide hole; 120. a communicating hole; 121. a liquid guide groove; 200. a frame; 210. a stirring paddle; 300. a drive assembly; 310. a drive chain; 320. a drive motor; 321. a drive gear; 400. a gear set; 410. a rotating gear; 500. a circulating mechanism; 510. a water inlet pipe; 511. a water inlet pipe; 520. a first water pump; 530. a water outlet pipe; 531. an outlet pipe; 532. a connecting section; 533. a drainage section; 540. a cooling tower; 550. and a second water pump.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a quenching process disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: s1, heating the forging to 700-;
s2, placing the forge piece subjected to heat preservation into a quenching device for rapid cooling, wherein the temperature of a cold water tank is not more than 45 ℃.
In order to reduce the effect of the forging's contact with air on the quenching of the forging, the time for the forging to transfer into the cooling apparatus is therefore no greater than 45 seconds.
Based on the quenching process, the invention also provides a quenching device which comprises a quenching bath 100 loaded with cooling liquid. The quenching bath 100 is provided with a frame 200.
In order to improve the flow speed of the cooling liquid around the forging, a plurality of stirring paddles 210 are rotatably connected to the frame 200, and the blades of the stirring paddles 210 extend to the position below the liquid level of the cooling liquid. The quenching bath 100 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 110 at the bottom, and the guide holes 110 are arranged opposite to the stirring paddles 210. The frame 200 is provided with a driving assembly 300 for driving the stirring paddle 210 to rotate. The cooling liquid in the quenching bath 100 flows out from the guide holes 110, and the driving assembly 300 controls the stirring paddles 210 to rotate, so that the cooling liquid forms a vortex, and the quenching processing efficiency of the forge piece is improved.
The rack 200 is provided with a gear set 400, the gear set 400 comprises a plurality of gears which are meshed in sequence, and the plurality of gears are all rotationally connected with the rack 200. The driving assembly 300 includes a driving motor 320 and a driving chain 310, a driving gear 321 is coaxially and fixedly connected to an output spindle of the driving motor 320, a rotating gear 410 is coaxially and fixedly connected to one gear of the gear set 400, and the driving chain 310 is sleeved outside the driving gear 321 and the rotating gear 410 and is engaged with the driving gear 321 and the rotating gear 410. The stirring paddles 210 are respectively and fixedly connected with the gears at different positions of the gear set 400 in a coaxial manner. The number of paddles 210 is four in this embodiment.
In order to prevent the eddy currents between adjacent paddles 210 from interfering, the number of the gears spaced between the corresponding gears of adjacent paddles 210 is even, and preferably four in this embodiment.
In order to facilitate recycling of the cooling liquid, the quenching device further comprises a circulation mechanism 500, and the circulation mechanism 500 comprises a water inlet pipe 510, a first water pump 520 and a water outlet pipe 530. One end of the water inlet pipe 510 is connected with the first water pump 520, and the other end is communicated with a plurality of water inlet sub-pipes 511. A water inlet pipe 511 is communicated with a guide hole 110 so that the coolant in the quenching bath 100 enters the water inlet pipe 511. One end of the water outlet pipe 530 is connected with the first water pump 520, and the other end is communicated with the quenching bath 100.
Referring to fig. 2, the outlet pipe 530 includes a drainage section 533 and a connection section 532. In order to prevent the forging from being quenched for a longer time due to the overall increase of the temperature of the cooling liquid in the quenching bath 100, the circulation mechanism 500 further includes a second water pump 550 and a cooling tower 540. The connection section 532 has one end communicating with the cooling tower 540 and the other end connected with the first water pump 520. One end of the drainage section 533 is communicated with the cooling tower 540, and the other end is communicated with the quenching bath 100 after being connected with the second water pump 550.
In order to enable the cooling liquid treated by the cooling tower 540 to contact with more cooling liquid in the quenching bath 100, one end of the water outlet pipe 530, which is far away from the first water pump 520, is communicated with a plurality of water outlet pipes 531, pipe orifices of the plurality of water outlet pipes 531 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the quenching bath 100, in this embodiment, the number of the water outlet pipes 531 is four, and the pipe orifices of the water outlet pipes 531 are located at four included angles of the quenching bath 100.
When a worker puts the forge piece into the quenching bath 100, the bottom surface of the forge piece is attached to the bottom of the quenching bath 100, so that the flow of the cooling liquid on the bottom surface of the forge piece is small, the quenching processing on the bottom surface of the forge piece is slow, the communication hole 120 is formed in the bottom of the quenching bath 100, and the communication hole 120 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 511. In addition, a plurality of liquid guide grooves 121 are formed in the bottom of the quenching tank 100 along the horizontal direction, and one end of each liquid guide groove 121 is open and communicated with the corresponding communication hole 120, so that cooling liquid flows into the corresponding communication hole 120 through the corresponding liquid guide groove 121, and the bottom surface of the forged piece is quenched.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the driving motor 320 is started, so that the driving motor 320 drives the driving gear 321 to rotate, and the driving chain 310 drives the rotating gear 410 to rotate, so that the gear set 400 rotates, that is, the stirring paddle 210 rotates.
The first water pump 520 and the second water pump 550 are started, so that the first water pump 520 pumps the cooling liquid in the quenching bath 100 into the cooling tower 540, and the cooling liquid enters the quenching bath 100 through the water outlet pipe 530 and the water outlet pipe 531 under the action of the second water pump 550 after being cooled by the cooling tower 540.
The forging piece is placed into the quenching tank 100, and the cooling liquid flows into the communicating holes 120 through the liquid guide groove 121, so that the cooling liquid cools the bottom surface of the forging piece.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A quenching apparatus comprises a quenching bath (100), and is characterized in that: quenching bath (100) is put on the shelf and is had frame (200), be provided with a plurality of stirring rake (210) on frame (200), stirring rake (210) rotate with frame (200) and be connected, be provided with on frame (200) and be used for driving stirring rake (210) pivoted drive assembly (300), a plurality of guiding holes (110) have been seted up to quenching bath (100) bottom of the pool, guiding hole (110) set up with stirring rake (210) relatively, be provided with gear train (400) on frame (200), gear train (400) include a plurality of gears that mesh in proper order, just the gear of gear train (400) all rotates with frame (200) and is connected, drive assembly (300) include driving motor (320), drive chain (310), coaxial fixedly connected with drive gear (321) on the output main shaft of driving motor (320), drive gear (321) and drive chain (310) meshing, coaxial fixedly connected with rotating gear (410) on one of them gear of gear train (400), rotating gear (410) and drive chain (310) meshing, it is a plurality of stirring rake (210) respectively with the coaxial fixed connection of gear train (400) different positions, it is adjacent spaced gear sets up to the even number between the gear that stirring rake (210) correspond.
2. The quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quenching device further comprises a circulating mechanism (500), wherein the circulating mechanism (500) comprises a water inlet pipe (510), a first water pump (520) and a water outlet pipe (530), one end of the water inlet pipe (510) is communicated with a plurality of water inlet sub-pipes (511), the other end of the water inlet sub-pipes is connected with the first water pump (520), the other end of the water inlet sub-pipes (511) is communicated with the guide holes (110) respectively, one end of the water outlet pipe (530) is connected with the first water pump (520), and the other end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the quenching tank (100).
3. A quenching apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the water outlet pipe (530) comprises a water discharging section (533) and a connecting section (532), the circulating mechanism (500) further comprises a cooling tower (540) and a second water pump (550), one end of the connecting section (532) is connected with the cooling tower (540), the other end of the connecting section is connected with the first water pump (520), one end of the water discharging section (533) is connected with the cooling tower (540), and the other end of the water discharging section is communicated with the quenching tank (100) after being connected with the second water pump (550).
4. A quenching apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end, far away from the first water pump (520), of the water outlet pipe (530) is communicated with a plurality of water outlet sub-pipes (531), and pipe openings of the water outlet sub-pipes (531) are distributed along the circumferential direction of the quenching tank (100).
5. The quenching apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the quenching device is characterized in that a communicating hole (120) is formed in the bottom of the quenching tank (100), the communicating hole (120) is communicated with a water inlet pipe (511), a plurality of liquid guide grooves (121) in the horizontal direction are formed in the bottom of the quenching tank (100), and one end of each liquid guide groove (121) is opened and is communicated with the communicating hole (120).
6. A quenching process, characterized by comprising the steps of: s1, heating the forging to 700-;
s2, placing the forged piece subjected to heat preservation into the quenching device according to any one of claims 1-5 for rapid cooling, wherein the temperature of the cold water tank is not more than 45 ℃.
7. A quenching process according to claim 6, characterized in that: the time for transferring the forging into the cooling device is not more than 45 s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010452325.9A CN111424144B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Quenching process and quenching device thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010452325.9A CN111424144B (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Quenching process and quenching device thereof |
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| CN111424144A CN111424144A (en) | 2020-07-17 |
| CN111424144B true CN111424144B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| CN113560548B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏竣昌科技有限公司 | Cooler for casting rail fittings |
| CN114934160A (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2022-08-23 | 湖州三连精密部件有限公司 | Waste heat quenching device for transmission hub forging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4420332B2 (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2010-02-24 | 株式会社不二越 | Oil quenching method and equipment for steel |
| CN101787419B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-06-08 | 中原特钢股份有限公司 | Heat treatment process of AISI4340 steel forgings |
| CN202705409U (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2013-01-30 | 山西明达汽车配件有限公司 | Quenching tank |
| CN203451572U (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2014-02-26 | 江阴市燎原锻压有限公司 | Thermal treatment liquid trough |
| CN105695696A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-06-22 | 无锡市福曼科技有限公司 | Quenching tank cooling spray device |
| CN205974599U (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆新钰立金属科技有限公司 | Multi -functional quenching device |
| CN207998628U (en) * | 2017-12-17 | 2018-10-23 | 泰州市伟业机械制造有限公司 | A kind of gear ring production quenching cooling circulation water tank |
| CN210367831U (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-04-21 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Heat treatment device for steel bearing ring |
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