CN111424139A - Quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel - Google Patents
Quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111424139A CN111424139A CN202010468249.0A CN202010468249A CN111424139A CN 111424139 A CN111424139 A CN 111424139A CN 202010468249 A CN202010468249 A CN 202010468249A CN 111424139 A CN111424139 A CN 111424139A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel, which comprises the following steps: s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement; s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve; s3: quickly putting the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool for accelerated cooling; s4: the mixture is cooled in a first quenching pool, then is lifted out, and then is quickly placed in a second quenching pool; s5: cooling in a second quenching bath and then hoisting out; s6: the alloy structural steel part material is lifted out after being put into a first quenching pool, and then is quickly put into a second quenching pool; s7: and putting the mixture into a second quenching bath, cooling and then lifting the mixture out. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel realizes the aim of obtaining the required strength and toughness of the alloy steel piece on the premise of avoiding cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy structural steel heat treatment, and particularly relates to a quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel.
Background
Quench tempering is a conventional process that heats an alloy steel piece to the austenite region, then quench cools to room temperature to obtain a martensitic structure, and then tempers at a suitable temperature to obtain a tempered martensitic structure. Oil is generally adopted as a quenching medium for quenching alloy steel, cracking is avoided, and the problems that the mechanical property of oil quenching is far lower than that of water quenching and oil quenching has oil fume pollution and fire hazard are solved. Therefore, the water quenching of the alloy steel part is the future development direction, and the premise of popularization of the water quenching process is to solve the problem of water quenching cracking.
Through the search of documents in the prior art, the research and the application of the Chengni, Zuo-trained Wei, Xujun and Zhang Weimin digital time-controlled quenching cooling process and equipment are found, and the water-air alternative time-controlled quenching cooling process is proposed in the articles 2009, 34(3): 37-42. The specific method is that quenching and cooling are carried out in three stages: the first stage is a precooling stage, the second stage is a water-air alternative quenching cooling stage, and the third stage is a natural air cooling stage; in the pre-cooling stage, the alloy steel piece is slowly cooled in an air cooling mode until the surface of the alloy steel piece is cooled to a certain temperature range above A1 or below A, so that the heat capacity of the alloy steel piece is reduced, and the cooling effect in the second stage is accelerated; in the water-air alternative quenching cooling stage, a rapid cooling (water cooling) and slow cooling (air cooling) alternative mode is adopted, in the first water quenching process of the alloy steel piece, after the surface layer of the alloy steel piece is rapidly cooled to a certain temperature below the Ms point and is kept for a certain time, partial martensite is obtained on the surface layer; in the first air cooling process of the alloy steel part, the heat of the subsurface layer is transferred to the surface layer, so that the temperature of the surface layer is increased, and as a result, the martensite just transformed in the surface layer is subjected to self-tempering, so that the toughness and the stress state of the surface layer are adjusted, and the martensite structure of the surface layer is prevented from cracking.
However, the cooling effect of the water-air alternative quenching cooling process is not good for some structural steel materials used for manufacturing high-requirement precision parts, so a novel quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel is needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: quickly putting the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 35-45 ℃, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is put into the pool is 900-910 ℃;
s4: cooling in the first quenching pool for 120-150s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is returned to 570-600 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing into the second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 25-30 ℃;
s5: cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the quenching pool II for 200-250 seconds, then hoisting the alloy structural steel piece out, cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the air for 50 seconds, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 470-520 ℃ in the cooling process;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool to be cooled for 150-;
s7: and cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the second quenching pool for 100 seconds and then hoisting the alloy structural steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 380-400 ℃ in the cooling process.
Preferably, the inside of the quenching bath in the step S3 is water.
In any of the above embodiments, it is preferable that the inside of the quenching bath ii in the step S4 is oil.
In any of the above embodiments, in the step S3, the temperature of the water in the first quenching tank is preferably 40 ℃.
In any of the above embodiments, the oil temperature in the second quenching bath in the step S4 is preferably 27 ℃.
In any of the above schemes, it is preferable that the temperature of the alloy structural steel member material returning red in the cooling process in the step S5 is 500 ℃.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: the quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel achieves the aim of obtaining the required strength and toughness of the alloy steel on the premise of avoiding cracking, is suitable for quenching and cooling treatment of alloy steel parts with various components, can effectively prevent cracking caused by thermal stress and tissue stress concentration due to overlarge temperature difference between the surface and the core of an ultra-thick steel plate in the water cooling process through water cooling, air cooling and oil cooling by alternately cooling and quenching in water, air and oil, and can also achieve the cooling requirement of the alloy structural steel materials of some high-requirement precise parts.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides a quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel, which includes the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: rapidly putting the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 45 ℃, water is filled in the quenching pool I, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is filled in the water is 910 ℃;
s4: cooling in a first quenching pool for 150s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is returned to 600 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing the alloy structural steel part material into a second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 30 ℃;
s5: cooling the steel piece in a second quenching bath for 250 seconds, then lifting the steel piece out, cooling the steel piece in air for 50 seconds, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material is heated to 520 ℃;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool, cooled for 200s and then lifted out, and is cooled for 40s in air, the alloy structural steel part material returns to the red temperature of 450 ℃ in the cooling process, and then is rapidly placed into a second quenching pool;
s7: and cooling the steel piece in the second quenching bath for 100 seconds and then lifting the steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material is 400 ℃ during the cooling process.
Example two:
in order to solve the above problems, the present embodiment provides a quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel, which includes the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: rapidly putting the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 40 ℃, water is filled in the quenching pool I, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is filled in the water is 905 ℃;
s4: cooling in a first quenching pool for 135s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material is 585 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing into a second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 28 ℃;
s5: cooling in a second quenching bath for 225s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 50s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is 500 ℃ when the alloy structural steel part material is re-reddened in the cooling process;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool, cooled for 175s and then lifted out, and is cooled for 40s in air, the alloy structural steel part material returns to the red temperature of 425 ℃ in the cooling process, and then the alloy structural steel part material is rapidly placed into a second quenching pool;
s7: and cooling the steel piece in the second quenching bath for 100 seconds and then lifting the steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 390 ℃ in the cooling process.
Example three:
the quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: rapidly placing the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 35 ℃, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is placed into the pool is 900 ℃;
s4: cooling in a first quenching pool for 120s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is 570 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing the alloy structural steel part material into a second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 25 ℃;
s5: cooling in a second quenching bath for 200s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 50s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is returned to 470 ℃ in the cooling process;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool, cooled for 150 seconds and then lifted out, and is cooled for 40 seconds in air, the alloy structural steel part material is re-reddened at 400 ℃ in the cooling process, and then is rapidly placed into a second quenching pool;
s7: and cooling the steel piece in the second quenching bath for 100 seconds and then lifting the steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 380 ℃ in the cooling process.
Example four:
the quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: rapidly placing the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 37 ℃, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is placed into the pool is 910 ℃;
s4: cooling in a first quenching pool for 120s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material is returned to 580 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing the alloy structural steel piece material into a second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 27 ℃;
s5: cooling in a second quenching bath for 200s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 50s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is 480 ℃ for re-reddening in the cooling process;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool, cooled for 150 seconds and then lifted out, and is cooled for 40 seconds in air, the alloy structural steel part material returns to the red temperature of 420 ℃ in the cooling process, and then the alloy structural steel part material is rapidly placed into a second quenching pool;
s7: and cooling the steel piece in the second quenching bath for 100 seconds and then lifting the steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 380 ℃ in the cooling process.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1: predicting and obtaining the tissue structure of the required part according to the material performance detection part of the alloy structural steel part and the specific requirement;
s2: the longest cooling time or the minimum cooling rate of the structure reaching a certain temperature is obtained by the alloy structural steel part material through a super-cooled austenite isothermal cooling transformation curve;
s3: quickly putting the alloy structural steel part material subjected to surface heating and complete austenitizing into a quenching pool I for accelerated cooling, wherein the temperature in the quenching pool I is 35-45 ℃, and the surface temperature of the alloy structural steel part material when the alloy structural steel part material is put into the pool is 900-910 ℃;
s4: cooling in the first quenching pool for 120-150s, then lifting out, cooling in air for 30s, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel part material is returned to 570-600 ℃ in the cooling process, and then quickly placing into the second quenching pool, wherein the temperature in the second quenching pool is 25-30 ℃;
s5: cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the quenching pool II for 200-250 seconds, then hoisting the alloy structural steel piece out, cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the air for 50 seconds, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 470-520 ℃ in the cooling process;
s6: the alloy structural steel part material is placed into a first quenching pool to be cooled for 150-;
s7: and cooling the alloy structural steel piece in the second quenching pool for 100 seconds and then hoisting the alloy structural steel piece out, wherein the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red is 380-400 ℃ in the cooling process.
2. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside of the quenching pool in the step S3 is water.
3. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inside of the second quenching pool in the step S4 is oil.
4. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the temperature of the water in the first quenching pool is 40 ℃.
5. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the oil temperature in the second quenching pool in the step S4 is 27 ℃.
6. The quenching method for alternately cooling the alloy structural steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the temperature of the alloy structural steel piece material returning red in the cooling process in the step S5 is 500 ℃.
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| CN202010468249.0A CN111424139A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Quenching method for alternately cooling alloy structural steel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113481419A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 南京欣灿奇冶金设备有限公司 | Never-falling walking beam roller for charging and discharging of walking beam furnace and processing technology thereof |
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| CN105506231A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 张侃 | Continuous heat treatment device for laboratory |
| CN107937672A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-20 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | The process for quenching that a kind of special thick structural alloy steel different medium is alternately cooled |
| CN108866285A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-11-23 | 武钢集团襄阳重型装备材料有限公司 | A kind of heavy die block mould steel Tempering and Quenching method |
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- 2020-05-28 CN CN202010468249.0A patent/CN111424139A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102409144A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-11 | 东北特殊钢集团有限责任公司 | Continuous type alloy steel heat treatment line |
| CN103397148A (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 上海交通大学 | Method for formulating water-air alternate time-controlled quenching process |
| CN105506231A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-04-20 | 张侃 | Continuous heat treatment device for laboratory |
| CN107937672A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-20 | 南阳汉冶特钢有限公司 | The process for quenching that a kind of special thick structural alloy steel different medium is alternately cooled |
| CN108866285A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-11-23 | 武钢集团襄阳重型装备材料有限公司 | A kind of heavy die block mould steel Tempering and Quenching method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113481419A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 南京欣灿奇冶金设备有限公司 | Never-falling walking beam roller for charging and discharging of walking beam furnace and processing technology thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200717 |