CN111423290B - Overload-resistant explosive and forming process thereof - Google Patents
Overload-resistant explosive and forming process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111423290B CN111423290B CN202010281517.8A CN202010281517A CN111423290B CN 111423290 B CN111423290 B CN 111423290B CN 202010281517 A CN202010281517 A CN 202010281517A CN 111423290 B CN111423290 B CN 111423290B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/08—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0041—Shaping the mixture by compression
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
- C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/005—Desensitisers, phlegmatisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-overload explosive and a forming process thereof, wherein the anti-overload explosive comprises, by mass, 52-63% of octogen, 22-33% of magnesium powder, 4-6% of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3-5% of 80# microcrystalline wax, 1-3% of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate and 3-5% of dioctyl adipate. The invention is mainly used for filling powder at the tail part of the penetration warhead, and is particularly suitable for filling the warhead containing aluminum press-loading explosive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to military explosives, in particular to an overload-resistant explosive which is mainly used for filling powder at the tail part of a penetration warhead and is particularly suitable for filling a warhead containing aluminum press-loaded explosives.
Background
The penetration warhead is mainly used for hitting high-value targets such as underground building facilities, ground reinforcement targets and multi-storey buildings, and the high-energy explosive filled in the penetration warhead is required to be kept stable in the penetration process, so that the target is hit effectively. In the penetration process, the explosive is subjected to extremely high overload stress, so that the high-energy explosive is difficult to bear the high penetration overload, and the penetration warhead is easy to explode before the preset target is not reached. Meanwhile, the penetration warhead is mainly used for striking airtight or semi-airtight industrial buildings, so the filled explosives are all aluminum-containing explosives with an implosion effect.
At present, the pressed aluminum-containing explosive is still the main charge for the penetration of the warhead, and the advantage is high output energy. However, with the improvement of technical indexes of penetration, the existing aluminum-containing explosive for the penetration warhead cannot meet the requirement of penetration safety, and the main reason is that the high-energy explosive for penetration cannot adapt to the severe shearing action of the tail of the penetration warhead. The document "research on safety test for loading of overload-resistant explosive" (energetic material, 2010, (18)6) proposes a cast explosive which can be used for loading at the tail part of the penetration warhead. However, according to the principle of matching the mechanical properties of the penetration warhead, the explosive and the press-fitted explosive belong to different systems, and when the explosive is filled at the tail of the warhead, the axial strain overload of the press-fitted explosive is increased, and the overload risk of the press-fitted explosive is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects in the background technology and designs the overload-resistant explosive which is used for loading at the tail part of a penetration fighting part and protecting a press-loading aluminum-containing main explosive in the penetration fighting part.
The conception of the invention is as follows: the pressed explosive is a composite material and has the characteristic of high energy density. However, when such a high energy aluminum containing explosive is loaded for penetration at the tail of the warhead, ignition occurs during the penetration of the warhead. The common solution is to replace the lower-energy cast explosive or fill the tail part of the warhead with inert explosive, but both of the two methods bring about a significant reduction in the total energy of the warhead. The invention provides a tail explosive which can ensure that a main explosive is pressed and subjected to penetration safety assessment, and the total energy of a warhead cannot be obviously reduced, so that the aims of safety and high-efficiency damage are fulfilled.
The design idea of the invention is as follows: the invention designs an aluminum-containing explosive, which adopts a composite coating means to reduce the content of a main explosive and ensure the penetration safety; the tail explosive of the invention participates in the post-combustion reaction in the aluminum-containing explosive by the synergistic detonation effect, thereby improving the total energy of the warhead. In the explosion reaction, because the aluminum powder can generate an aluminum oxide protective film after the reaction, the threshold pressure and the threshold temperature of the aluminum powder oxidation reaction are improved, and the reaction activity of the aluminum powder is reduced, the actual aluminum content in the aluminum-containing explosive is greater than the required aluminum content, and the excess aluminum cannot contribute energy to the detonation of the main explosive. The reactivity of the magnesium powder is lower than that of the aluminum powder, although the reaction of the magnesium powder has much less heat release than that of the aluminum powder, the threshold temperature and pressure are lower, and the active aluminum coated by the aluminum oxide can be ignited by continuous high temperature and high pressure after the reaction. Therefore, the magnesium powder has the main functions of assisting the aluminum in the main explosive to generate the post-combustion effect and improving the total energy of the explosive charge of the warhead by utilizing the oxygen element in the environment. The ignition of the pressed explosive at the tail part of the penetration warhead is mainly caused by the adiabatic shearing action of the tail part. The probability of crystal crossing and breaking of fine-grained HMX when the HMX is sheared is far lower than that of a large-grained explosive, the HMX is selected to require that a grain size curve is in unimodal distribution, the maximum grain size diameter is not more than 120 microns, and the median diameter d50 is not more than 30 microns; the dioctyl adipate is a plasticizer, can reduce the yield strain of the pressed explosive, reduces the transgranular fracture of the octogen by improving the sliding action of the octogen particles, and improves the overload resistance safety of the explosive. The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is used as a coating material of the HMX and forms a core-shell coating structure with the HMX. The No. 80 microcrystalline wax is a mixed explosive continuous phase carrier and is used for bonding HMX @ EVA and magnesium powder. The surface contact of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the octogen is poor, and the sodium fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sulfate is a surfactant and can promote the spreading of the anhydrous petroleum ether solution of the viscous ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer on the surface of the octogen and improve the coating integrity.
Based on the principle, the invention provides an anti-overload explosive which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
wherein the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is not more than 120 microns, and the median diameter d50 is not more than 30 microns;
according to the preferred scheme of the invention, the components and the mass percentage composition are as follows:
wherein the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is 90 microns, and the median diameter d50 is 25 microns;
the forming process comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a coating liquid: using anhydrous petroleum ether as a solvent, sequentially adding an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate into a container, and stirring at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the two components are dissolved to obtain a solution for later use;
secondly, insensitive coating of the explosive: respectively adding octogen and an anhydrous petroleum ether solvent into a reaction kettle at the temperature of 60 ℃, stirring for 15min, adding the solution obtained in the step one, heating to the temperature of 80-88 ℃, kneading for 30min, and discharging to obtain insensitive coated explosive slurry;
step three, granulation: adding anhydrous petroleum ether or ethyl acetate into a reaction kettle, adding 80# microcrystalline wax and dioctyl adipate, and heating to 60 ℃; adding magnesium powder, stirring for 15min, adding the explosive slurry obtained in the step two, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain mixed explosive slurry; naturally cooling to room temperature, and sieving the mixed explosive slurry with a 10-mesh screen for granulation under a vacuum condition to obtain explosive particles;
step four, drying and forming; putting the explosive particles obtained in the step three into an oven with the temperature of 60-65 ℃, drying for 5 hours, and discharging to obtain an explosive molding powder sample; pressing the molding powder on a press to form explosive columns with certain size and density.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention can reach penetration speed not lower than 340m/s, penetration single-layer or multi-layer C30 or above reinforced concrete target plate, total thickness of target plate not lower than 2m, and explosive stability.
(2) The invention replaces 5 percent of PBXIH-18 explosive, and the test explosion value is not lower than 7800/g (PBXIH-18 explosive is explosive for the U.S. penetration warhead, and the explosion heat test value of a 200g explosion heat tank is 7715J/g).
(3) The invention does not generate deflagration and reactions of above levels in bullet impact, quick burning and slow burning tests (the bullet impact, quick burning and slow burning tests sequentially comprise no reaction, combustion reaction, deflagration reaction, explosion reaction, local detonation reaction and detonation reaction from low to high in grade).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
1.1 the invention is implemented with reference to the following mass percentages:
wherein the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is 90 microns, and the median diameter d50 is 25 microns; 1000g of raw material are weighed out according to the above percentages.
1.2 Molding Process
Step one, preparing a coating liquid: sequentially adding 5000ml of anhydrous petroleum ether, 100g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and 80g of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate into a 15L reaction kettle, and stirring at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the two components are dissolved to obtain a solution for later use;
secondly, insensitive coating of the explosive: adding 1160g of octogen and 4000ml of anhydrous petroleum ether into a reaction kettle at the temperature of 60 ℃, stirring for 15min, adding the solution obtained in the step one, heating to the temperature of 80-88 ℃, kneading for 30min, and discharging to obtain insensitive coated explosive slurry;
step three, granulation: adding 2000ml of anhydrous petroleum ether into a reaction kettle, adding 80g of 80# microcrystalline wax and 80g of dioctyl adipate, and heating to 60 ℃; adding 540g of magnesium powder, stirring for 15min, adding the explosive slurry obtained in the step two, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain mixed explosive slurry; naturally cooling to room temperature, and sieving the mixed explosive slurry with a 10-mesh sieve for granulation under the vacuum condition of-0.09 MP to obtain explosive particles;
step four, drying and forming; putting the explosive particles obtained in the step three into an oven with the temperature of 60-65 ℃, drying for 5 hours, and discharging to obtain an explosive molding powder sample; pressing the molding powder on a press to form explosive columns with certain size and density.
1.3 Performance testing:
(1) penetration test: the total weight of the warhead part is 100kg, the loading capacity of the anti-theft device is 10kg, the penetration speed is 840m/s, and a single layer of 4m C35 reinforced concrete target plate is penetrated;
(2) the detonation heat test of the embodiment is carried out by referring to a GJB772A-97 method 701.1;
(3) the vulnerability test of this example was conducted by using MIL-STD-2105D test methods of fast burn (FC), slow burn (SC) and Bullet Impact (BI).
Example 2
2.1 the invention is implemented with reference to the following mass percentage compositions:
wherein the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is 120 microns, and the median diameter d50 is 30 microns; 1000g of raw material are weighed out according to the above percentages.
2.2 the molding process of this example was carried out in accordance with example 1.
2.3 Performance testing:
(1) penetration test: the total weight of the warhead part is 170kg, the loading of the warhead part is 17kg, the penetration speed is 450m/s, and multiple layers (1.5m +0.3m +0.2m +0.2m) of C35 reinforced concrete target plates with the thickness of 2.2m are penetrated.
(2) The detonation heat test of this example was carried out with reference to example 1;
(3) the vulnerability test of this example was performed with reference to example 1.
Example 3
3.1 the invention is implemented by referring to the following compositions in percentage by mass:
wherein the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is 120 microns, and the median diameter d50 is 15 microns; 1000g of raw material are weighed out according to the above percentages.
3.2 the molding process of this example was carried out in accordance with example 1.
3.3 Performance testing:
(1) the detonation heat test of this example was carried out with reference to example 1;
(2) the vulnerability test of this example was performed with reference to example 1.
Examples of effects
The invention can meet the requirement of penetration safety, can participate in the detonation reaction of the main explosive after the main explosive is detonated, and has the requirement of safety of mechanical and thermal stimulation resistance. The performance results of the examples are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 performance data of the invention
Claims (2)
1. The anti-overload explosive is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is not more than 120 microns, and the median diameter d50 is not more than 30 microns;
the forming process of the overload-resistant explosive comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a coating liquid: using anhydrous petroleum ether as a solvent, sequentially adding an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate into a container, and stirring at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ until the two components are dissolved to obtain a solution for later use;
secondly, insensitive coating of the explosive: respectively adding octogen and an anhydrous petroleum ether solvent into a reaction kettle at the temperature of 60 ℃, stirring for 15min, adding the solution obtained in the step one, heating to the temperature of 80-88 ℃, kneading for 30min, and discharging to obtain insensitive coated explosive slurry;
step three, granulation: adding anhydrous petroleum ether or ethyl acetate into a reaction kettle, adding 80# microcrystalline wax and dioctyl adipate, and heating to 60 ℃; adding magnesium powder, stirring for 15min, adding the explosive slurry obtained in the step two, and continuously stirring for 30min to obtain mixed explosive slurry; naturally cooling to room temperature, and sieving the mixed explosive slurry with a 10-mesh screen for granulation under a vacuum condition to obtain explosive particles;
step four, drying and forming: and (3) putting the explosive particles obtained in the step three into an oven with the temperature of 60-65 ℃, drying for 5h, discharging to obtain an explosive molding powder sample, and pressing the explosive molding powder sample on a press to form an explosive column with a certain size and density.
2. The overload-resistant explosive according to claim 1, wherein the composition of each component in percentage by mass is as follows:
the particle size curve of the HMX is unimodal distribution, the maximum particle size diameter is 90 microns, and the median diameter d50 is 25 microns.
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| CN202010281517.8A CN111423290B (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Overload-resistant explosive and forming process thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8986473B1 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2015-03-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High burning rate tactical solid rocket propellant, and related method |
| CN106083495A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Coated explosive microsphere that the solidification of a kind of emulsion prepares and preparation method thereof |
| CN107879867A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-04-06 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of high-energy insensitive is pressed plastic bonded explosive |
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2020
- 2020-04-10 CN CN202010281517.8A patent/CN111423290B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8986473B1 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2015-03-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | High burning rate tactical solid rocket propellant, and related method |
| CN106083495A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Coated explosive microsphere that the solidification of a kind of emulsion prepares and preparation method thereof |
| CN107879867A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-04-06 | 湖北航天化学技术研究所 | A kind of high-energy insensitive is pressed plastic bonded explosive |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 不同黏结剂包覆HMX 的摩擦特性;任秀秀等;《科学技术与工程》;20181031;第206-210页 * |
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