CN111423220B - Baking-free refractory brick and low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process thereof - Google Patents
Baking-free refractory brick and low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/38—Non-oxide ceramic constituents or additives
- C04B2235/3817—Carbides
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
Abstract
The invention relates to a baking-free refractory brick and a low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process thereof, wherein the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50 to 60 percent of alumina; 20 to 25 percent of waste refractory bricks; 5% -10% of clay; 3% -5% of pyrophyllite; 1 to 3 percent of phosphoric acid; 1% -2% of calcium carbide; 3-5% of a binder; 0.5-2% of a second binder. The normal-temperature compressive strength of the baking-free refractory brick produced by the invention can reach 75 +/-5 MPa, the refractoriness under load of 0.2MPa can reach 1540 +/-10 ℃, and the requirements of related national standards are met; and the recycling of the waste refractory bricks is realized, the automation of the production process is realized, no solid waste is discharged in the whole process, and the environmental pollution is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory material preparation, in particular to a non-fired refractory brick and a low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process thereof.
Background
Refractory refers to a material having physicochemical properties that allow it to be used in high temperature environments, and bricks made of chamotte or other refractory materials are collectively referred to as refractory bricks. The refractory bricks can be roughly divided into baked bricks and baking-free bricks according to whether the preparation process needs to be baked or not. The preparation process of the commonly used refractory brick generally comprises the working procedures of raw material feeding, ingredient mixing, pressure forming, drying, sintering and the like, manual operation is mostly adopted, the production environment is severe (mainly represented by large dust), and workers can cause adverse effects on the health of the workers (such as pneumoconiosis) when working in the environment for a long time. The problem of difficult recruitment of fire-resistant enterprises is caused by poor working environment and high working load strength. And along with the increase of labor cost, the phenomenon of increasing production cost brought by labor expenditure is increasingly remarkable.
At present, the fired brick is still used in a large amount in many areas of China due to rich raw materials and simple preparation process. But the production process of the fired brick has the problems of high energy consumption, large pollutant discharge amount, secondary pollution caused by used waste bricks and the like. Compared with the prior art, the baking-free brick has the advantages of energy consumption saving, environmental protection and the like, is more in line with the great trend of environmental protection and sustainable development, and gradually replaces the baked brick.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a baking-free refractory brick and a low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process thereof, wherein the normal-temperature compressive strength of the produced baking-free refractory brick can reach 75 +/-5 MPa, the refractoriness under load of 0.2MPa can reach 1540 +/-10 ℃, and the requirements of relevant national standards are met; and the recycling of the waste refractory bricks is realized, the automation of the production process is realized, no solid waste is discharged in the whole process, and the environmental pollution is effectively avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50 to 60 percent of alumina; 20 to 25 percent of waste refractory bricks; 5% -10% of clay; 3% -5% of pyrophyllite; 1 to 3 percent of phosphoric acid; 1% -2% of calcium carbide; 3-5% of a binder; 0.5-2% of a second binding agent.
The waste refractory bricks are waste clay bricks.
The first binding agent and the second binding agent are phosphate binding agents.
The bauxite comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-3% of 200 meshes, 80-90% of 0-1 mm, 4-10% of 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 2-4% of 5-8 mm.
The granularity of the waste refractory bricks is 0-3 mm.
The particle sizes of the clay, the pyrophyllite, the phosphoric acid and the calcium carbide are all 0-1 mm.
A low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following steps:
1) bauxite with the granularity of 200 meshes, 0-1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 5-8 mm is respectively stored in the corresponding bauxite bins; waste refractory bricks are stored in the waste brick bin; respectively storing clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in corresponding auxiliary material bins; a pre-mixing bin is additionally arranged;
2) a first full-automatic weighing vehicle and a first rail are arranged below the auxiliary material bins, and the first full-automatic weighing vehicle can move along the first rail to weigh materials among the auxiliary material bins; the feeding hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the discharging holes of the auxiliary material bins through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharging hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the feeding hole of the mixing machine through a self-contained lifting device; the discharge port of the mixer is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the premix bin; according to the raw material proportion, after the clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in each auxiliary material bin are respectively weighed by a full-automatic weighing car I, the clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide are conveyed to a mixer to be mixed for 5-10 min, and the uniformly mixed premix is conveyed to a premix bin for standby;
3) a second full-automatic weighing vehicle and a second track are arranged below the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin, and the second full-automatic weighing vehicle can move among the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin along the second track to weigh materials; the feed inlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the discharge outlet of the bauxite bin, the discharge outlet of the waste brick bin and the discharge outlet of the pre-mixing bin through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharge outlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the wet type mixing mill I through a self-contained lifting device; a discharge hole of the first wet type mixing mill is in seamless butt joint with a feed hole of the pre-mixing bin; according to the raw material proportion, respectively weighing the bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix in each bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the pre-mixing bin by using a full-automatic weighing car, then sending the weighed bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix to a first wet mixing mill, adding a first bonding agent, mixing and stirring for 5-10 min, and sending the uniformly mixed mixture to a mud material tank;
4) the bottom of the mud material tank is provided with a first conveying chain, the mud material tank is pulled to a material trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the indoor temperature of the material trapping chamber is set to be 25-45 ℃, and constant-temperature material trapping is carried out for 12-24 hours;
5) after the trapping is finished, the pug tank is pulled out of the trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the pug in the pug tank is conveyed to a second wet type mixing and grinding machine, and meanwhile, a second binding agent is added for mixing and stirring for 5-10 min;
6) an automatic feeding device is arranged at a discharge port of the wet type mixing mill II and is in seamless butt joint with a feed port of a brick press, and a manipulator I and a drying vehicle are arranged beside the brick press; the mixed pug is sent to a brick press for pressure forming through an automatic feeding device, and a formed green brick is loaded into a drying vehicle by a first manipulator;
7) the bottom of the drying vehicle is provided with a second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is conveyed to a track of a vehicle pusher in the drying kiln through the second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is pushed into the drying kiln through the vehicle pusher, the temperature in the drying kiln is set to be 250-350 ℃, and the green bricks are dried in the drying kiln for 5-8 hours at constant temperature; a second mechanical arm, an automatic sorting device and a finished product packaging device are arranged at an outlet of the drying kiln; after drying is finished, pushing the drying vehicle out of the drying kiln through a vehicle pusher, and conveying the dried green bricks in the drying vehicle to an automatic sorting device through a second manipulator; and (4) conveying the sorted qualified products to a finished product packaging device, and conveying the unqualified waste bricks back to a waste brick bin for recycling after the unqualified waste bricks are crushed to the qualified granularity.
Dust removing points are respectively arranged at the positions of the full-automatic weighing vehicle I, the full-automatic weighing vehicle II, the mixing machine, the wet type mixing and grinding machine I, the wet type mixing and grinding machine II, the automatic feeding device and the brick press, and are in seamless butt joint with the dust removing device through dust removing pipelines; the dust outlet of the dust removal device is in seamless butt joint with the recycling powder material inlet of the bauxite bin for storing bauxite with the granularity of 0-1 mm.
The static weighing precision of the first full-automatic weighing car and the second full-automatic weighing car is more than 1 thousandth, and the dynamic weighing precision is more than 3 thousandth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the baking-free refractory brick realizes full-process automatic operation, greatly reduces the labor cost and improves the production efficiency;
2) the waste refractory bricks after various kilns and the waste products or used waste bricks of the baking-free refractory bricks can be used as raw materials for manufacturing the baking-free refractory bricks for recycling, so that the raw material cost is effectively reduced;
3) the baking-free refractory brick adopts a whole-process closed production process, thereby effectively avoiding dust pollution and improving the working environment;
4) the baking-free refractory brick only needs drying treatment and does not need high-temperature firing, so that the production energy consumption is effectively reduced;
5) unqualified waste bricks are sorted out by an automatic sorting device and recycled, so that no solid waste is discharged, and secondary pollution is avoided;
6) the powder recovered by the recovery dust removal device is recycled, so that the production cost is further saved, and no waste of production raw materials is realized;
7) the production process has the advantages of high processing capacity, convenient operation and flexible production adjustment;
8) the normal temperature compressive strength of the produced baking-free refractory brick can reach 75 +/-5 MPa; the refractoriness under load of 0.2MPa can reach 1540 +/-10 ℃, and the requirements of relevant national standards are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of a baking-free refractory brick of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention relates to a baking-free refractory brick which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50 to 60 percent of alumina; 20 to 25 percent of waste refractory bricks; 5% -10% of clay; 3% -5% of pyrophyllite; 1 to 3 percent of phosphoric acid; 1% -2% of calcium carbide; 3-5% of a bonding agent; 0.5-2% of a second binder.
The waste refractory bricks are waste clay bricks.
The first binding agent and the second binding agent are phosphate binding agents.
The bauxite comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-3% of 200 meshes, 80-90% of 0-1 mm, 4-10% of 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 2-4% of 5-8 mm.
The granularity of the waste refractory bricks is 0-3 mm.
The particle sizes of the clay, the pyrophyllite, the phosphoric acid and the calcium carbide are all 0-1 mm.
As shown in FIG. 1, the low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following steps:
1) bauxite with the granularity of 200 meshes, 0-1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 5-8 mm is respectively stored in the corresponding bauxite bins; waste refractory bricks are stored in the waste brick bin; respectively storing clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in corresponding auxiliary material bins; a pre-mixing bin is additionally arranged;
2) a first full-automatic weighing vehicle and a first rail are arranged below the auxiliary material bins, and the first full-automatic weighing vehicle can move along the first rail to weigh materials among the auxiliary material bins; the feeding hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the discharging holes of the auxiliary material bins through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharging hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the feeding hole of the mixing machine through a self-contained lifting device; the discharge port of the mixer is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the premix bin; according to the raw material ratio, after the clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in each auxiliary material bin are respectively weighed by a full-automatic weighing car I, the materials are conveyed to a mixer to be mixed for 5-10 min, and the uniformly mixed premix is conveyed to a premix bin for standby;
3) a second full-automatic weighing vehicle and a second track are arranged below the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin, and the second full-automatic weighing vehicle can move among the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin along the second track to weigh materials; the feed inlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the discharge outlet of the bauxite bin, the discharge outlet of the waste brick bin and the discharge outlet of the pre-mixing bin through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharge outlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the wet type mixing mill I through a self-contained lifting device; a discharge hole of the first wet type mixing mill is in seamless butt joint with a feed hole of the pre-mixing bin; according to the raw material proportion, respectively weighing the bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix in each bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the pre-mixing bin by using a full-automatic weighing car, then sending the weighed bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix to a first wet mixing mill, adding a first bonding agent, mixing and stirring for 5-10 min, and sending the uniformly mixed mixture to a mud material tank;
4) the bottom of the mud material tank is provided with a first conveying chain, the mud material tank is pulled to a material trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the indoor temperature of the material trapping chamber is set to be 25-45 ℃, and constant-temperature material trapping is carried out for 12-24 hours;
5) after the trapping is finished, the pug tank is pulled out of the trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the pug in the pug tank is conveyed to a second wet type mixing and grinding machine, and meanwhile, a second binding agent is added for mixing and stirring for 5-10 min;
6) an automatic feeding device is arranged at a discharge port of the wet type mixing mill II and is in seamless butt joint with a feed port of a brick press, and a manipulator I and a drying vehicle are arranged beside the brick press; the mixed pug is sent to a brick press through an automatic feeding device for pressure forming, and a formed green brick is loaded into a drying vehicle by a first manipulator;
7) the bottom of the drying vehicle is provided with a second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is conveyed to a cart pusher track in the drying kiln through the second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is pushed into the drying kiln through the cart pusher, the temperature in the drying kiln is set to be 250-350 ℃, and the green bricks are dried in the drying kiln for 5-8 hours at constant temperature; a second mechanical arm, an automatic sorting device and a finished product packaging device are arranged at an outlet of the drying kiln; after drying is finished, pushing the drying vehicle out of the drying kiln through a vehicle pusher, and conveying the dried green bricks in the drying vehicle to an automatic sorting device through a second manipulator; and (4) conveying the sorted qualified products to a finished product packaging device, and conveying the unqualified waste bricks back to a waste brick bin for recycling after the unqualified waste bricks are crushed to the qualified granularity.
Dust removing points are respectively arranged at the positions of the full-automatic weighing vehicle I, the full-automatic weighing vehicle II, the mixing machine, the wet type mixing and grinding machine I, the wet type mixing and grinding machine II, the automatic feeding device and the brick press, and are in seamless butt joint with the dust removing device through dust removing pipelines; the dust outlet of the dust removal device is in seamless butt joint with the recycling powder material inlet of the bauxite bin for storing bauxite with the granularity of 0-1 mm.
The static weighing precision of the first full-automatic weighing car and the second full-automatic weighing car is more than 1 thousandth, and the dynamic weighing precision is more than 3 thousandth.
The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples. The methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
[ examples ] A method for producing a compound
In the embodiment, the raw materials of the baking-free refractory brick comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 58 percent of alumina; 23% of waste refractory bricks; 7% of clay; 4% of pyrophyllite; 2% of phosphoric acid; 2% of calcium carbide; 3% of a bonding agent; and 1% of a binder.
The first binding agent is aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the second binding agent is aluminum monohydrogen phosphate.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the main equipment and facilities for preparing the baking-free refractory include: the device comprises a No. 1-5 bauxite bin, a No. 6 waste brick bin, a No. 7-10 auxiliary material bin, a No. 11 premixing bin, a full-automatic weighing vehicle I, a full-automatic weighing vehicle II, a mixing machine, a wet type mixing and grinding machine I, a wet type mixing and grinding machine II, a mud material tank, a material trapping chamber, an automatic feeding device, a brick pressing machine, a manipulator I, a manipulator II, a drying vehicle, a drying kiln, an automatic sorting device, a finished product packaging device and a dust removal device.
The particle sizes of alumina stored in the 1# -5 # alumina bin are respectively as follows: 200 meshes, 0-1 mm (particle size is more than 0 and less than or equal to 1mm, the same applies below), 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 5-8 mm. The granularity of the waste refractory bricks stored in the No. 6 waste brick bin is 0-3 mm. Clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide are respectively stored in the No. 7-10 auxiliary material bin, and the granularity is 0-1 mm.
The first full-automatic weighing car is arranged below the 7# -10 # auxiliary material bin. The bottom of the first full-automatic weighing car is provided with a first rail, so that the first rail can automatically move between 7# and 10# auxiliary material bins for weighing. The static weighing precision of the first full-automatic weighing car can reach 1 thousandth, the dynamic weighing precision can reach 3 thousandth, and the weighing accuracy is ensured. The feeding hole and the discharging hole of the first full-automatic weighing car are provided with lifting devices, and can be connected with the discharging hole of the 7# to 10# auxiliary material bin and the feeding hole of the mixing machine in a seamless mode, and dust is prevented from overflowing. The discharge gate of mixing the machine and the feed inlet seamless connection in 11# premix storehouse.
And the second full-automatic weighing vehicle is arranged below the No. 1-5 bauxite bin, the No. 6 waste brick bin and the No. 11 premix bin. And a second rail is arranged at the bottom of the second full-automatic weighing vehicle, so that the second rail can automatically move among the No. 1-5 bauxite bin, the No. 6 waste brick bin and the No. 11 premix bin to weigh materials. The static weighing precision of the second full-automatic weighing car can reach 1 thousandth, the dynamic weighing precision can reach 3 thousandth, and the weighing accuracy is ensured. The feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the second full-automatic weighing vehicle are provided with lifting devices, and can be seamlessly connected with the discharge outlets of the 1# to 5# alumina bin, the 6# waste brick bin and the 11# premix bin and the feed inlet of the first wet type mixing mill, so that dust is prevented from overflowing. And a discharge port of the first wet type mixing mill is connected with the mud tank in a seamless manner.
A first conveying chain is arranged below the mud material tank and can be carried to pass through a material trapping chamber (the indoor temperature is set to be 40 ℃) and conveyed to a second wet type mixing mill.
And an automatic feeding device is arranged at the discharge port of the wet mixing mill II and is in seamless connection with the feed port of the brick press, and a manipulator I and a drying vehicle are arranged beside the brick press. And a second conveying chain is arranged below the drying vehicle and can be loaded on a cart pushing machine rail of the drying kiln, the drying vehicle is pushed by the cart pushing machine to penetrate through the drying kiln (the temperature in the kiln is set to be 300 ℃), and a second mechanical arm, an automatic sorting device and a finished product packaging device are arranged at an outlet of the drying kiln.
And the automatic feeding device and the brick press are respectively provided with dust removing points which are seamlessly connected with the dust removing device through dust removing pipelines. The dust outlet of the dust removal device is in seamless connection with the recycling powder feed inlet of the No. 2 bauxite bin.
In the embodiment, the production process of the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following steps:
1) weighing 4 auxiliary materials (clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide) in 7# to 10# auxiliary material bins by using a full-automatic weighing car I according to the raw material proportion, then sending the weighed auxiliary materials to a mixer for mixing for 8min, and sending the mixed auxiliary materials to a 11# premix bin for standby after uniform mixing;
2) weighing 3 raw materials (alumina, waste refractory bricks and premix) in a No. 1-5 bauxite bin, a No. 6 waste brick bin and a No. 11 pre-mixing bin by using a full-automatic weighing vehicle II according to the raw material proportion, then conveying the raw materials to a wet mixing mill I, adding a bonding agent I, mixing and stirring for 8min, and conveying the mixture into a mud material tank after uniformly mixing;
3) the mud material tank is pulled to a material trapping chamber through a first conveying chain, and the materials are trapped for 20 hours at constant temperature;
4) after the trapping is finished, the pug tank is pulled out of the trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, pugs in the pug tank are conveyed to a second wet type mixing and grinding machine, and a second binding agent is added to be mixed and stirred for 8 min; the weight percentage of the second bonding agent is 1 percent;
5) the mixed pug is sent to a brick press for pressure forming through an automatic feeding device, and a formed green brick is loaded into a drying vehicle by a first manipulator;
6) conveying the drying vehicle to a cart pushing machine rail of the drying kiln through a second conveying chain, pushing the drying vehicle into the drying kiln through a cart pushing machine, and drying for 7 hours at constant temperature;
7) and after the drying is finished, the drying vehicle is pushed out of the drying kiln through the vehicle pusher, and the dried green bricks in the drying vehicle are conveyed to the automatic sorting device through the second manipulator. The sorted qualified products are sent to a finished product packaging device, and unqualified waste bricks are crushed to qualified particle size and then sent back to a No. 6 waste brick bin for standby;
8) in the production process, dust generated by the first full-automatic weighing vehicle, the second full-automatic weighing vehicle, the mixer, the first wet mixing mill, the second wet mixing mill, the automatic feeding device and the brick press is collected to the dust removal device through the dust removal pipeline. And feeding the powder collected in the dust removal device back to the No. 2 alumina bin for later use.
The whole production process adopts full-automatic control, and unattended operation is realized through intellectualization and visualization.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the baking-free refractory brick is characterized in that the baking-free refractory brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50 to 60 percent of alumina; 20 to 25 percent of waste refractory bricks; 5% -10% of clay; 3% -5% of pyrophyllite; 1 to 3 percent of phosphoric acid; 1% -2% of calcium carbide; 3-5% of a bonding agent; 0.5-2% of a second binding agent; the normal temperature compressive strength of the produced baking-free refractory brick is 75 +/-5 MPa; the softening starting temperature under load of 0.2MPa can reach 1540 +/-10 ℃;
the production process comprises the following steps:
1) bauxite with the granularity of 200 meshes, 0-1 mm, 1-3 mm, 3-5 mm and 5-8 mm is respectively stored in the corresponding bauxite bins; waste refractory bricks are stored in the waste brick bin; respectively storing clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in corresponding auxiliary material bins; a pre-mixing bin is additionally arranged;
2) a first full-automatic weighing vehicle and a first rail are arranged below the auxiliary material bins, and the first full-automatic weighing vehicle can move along the first rail to weigh materials among the auxiliary material bins; the feeding hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the discharging holes of the auxiliary material bins through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharging hole of the first full-automatic weighing car is in seamless butt joint with the feeding hole of the mixing machine through a self-contained lifting device; the discharge port of the mixer is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the premix bin; according to the raw material ratio, after the clay, pyrophyllite, phosphoric acid and calcium carbide in each auxiliary material bin are respectively weighed by a full-automatic weighing car I, the materials are conveyed to a mixer to be mixed for 5-10 min, and the uniformly mixed premix is conveyed to a premix bin for standby;
3) a second full-automatic weighing vehicle and a second track are arranged below the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin, and the second full-automatic weighing vehicle can move among the bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the premix bin along the second track to weigh materials; the feed inlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the discharge outlet of the bauxite bin, the discharge outlet of the waste brick bin and the discharge outlet of the pre-mixing bin through a self-contained lifting device, and the discharge outlet of the full-automatic weighing car II is in seamless butt joint with the feed inlet of the wet type mixing mill I through a self-contained lifting device; a discharge hole of the first wet type mixing mill is in seamless butt joint with a feed hole of the pre-mixing bin; according to the raw material proportion, respectively weighing the bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix in each bauxite bin, the waste brick bin and the pre-mixing bin by using a full-automatic weighing car, then sending the weighed bauxite, the waste refractory bricks and the premix to a first wet mixing mill, adding a first bonding agent, mixing and stirring for 5-10 min, and sending the uniformly mixed mixture to a mud material tank;
4) the bottom of the mud material tank is provided with a first conveying chain, the mud material tank is pulled to a material trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the indoor temperature of the material trapping chamber is set to be 25-45 ℃, and constant-temperature material trapping is carried out for 12-24 hours;
5) after the trapping is finished, the pug tank is pulled out of the trapping chamber through the first conveying chain, the pug in the pug tank is conveyed to a second wet type mixing and grinding machine, and meanwhile, a second binding agent is added for mixing and stirring for 5-10 min;
6) an automatic feeding device is arranged at a discharge port of the wet type mixing mill II, the automatic feeding device is in seamless butt joint with a feeding port of a brick press, and a mechanical arm I and a drying vehicle are arranged beside the brick press; the mixed pug is sent to a brick press for pressure forming through an automatic feeding device, and a formed green brick is loaded into a drying vehicle by a first manipulator;
7) the bottom of the drying vehicle is provided with a second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is conveyed to a cart pusher track in the drying kiln through the second conveying chain, the drying vehicle is pushed into the drying kiln through the cart pusher, the temperature in the drying kiln is set to be 250-350 ℃, and the green bricks are dried in the drying kiln for 5-8 hours at constant temperature; a second mechanical arm, an automatic sorting device and a finished product packaging device are arranged at an outlet of the drying kiln; after drying is finished, pushing the drying vehicle out of the drying kiln through a vehicle pusher, and conveying the dried green bricks in the drying vehicle to an automatic sorting device through a second manipulator; the sorted qualified products are sent to a finished product packaging device, and unqualified waste bricks are sent back to a waste brick bin for recycling after being crushed to qualified granularity;
the waste refractory bricks are waste clay bricks; the first binding agent and the second binding agent are phosphate binding agents; the bauxite comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% -3% of 200 meshes, 80% -90% of 0-1 mm, 4% -10% of 1-3 mm, 3% -5% of 3-5 mm and 2% -4% of 5-8 mm; the granularity of the waste refractory bricks is 0-3 mm; the particle sizes of the clay, the pyrophyllite, the phosphoric acid and the calcium carbide are all 0-1 mm.
2. The low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the baking-free refractory bricks, as claimed in claim 1, wherein dust removing points are respectively arranged at the first full-automatic weighing vehicle, the second full-automatic weighing vehicle, the mixer, the first wet type mixing mill, the second wet type mixing mill, the automatic feeding device and the brick press, and each dust removing point is in seamless butt joint with the dust removing device through a dust removing pipeline; the dust outlet of the dust removal device is in seamless butt joint with the recycling powder material inlet of the bauxite bin for storing bauxite with the granularity of 0-1 mm.
3. The low-emission, energy-saving and intelligent production process of the burning-free refractory bricks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the static weighing precision of the first full-automatic weighing car and the second full-automatic weighing car is more than 1% and the dynamic weighing precision is more than 3%.
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| CN112679151B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-07-19 | 濮阳濮耐高温材料（集团）股份有限公司 | Machine-pressed baking-free clay brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN115351904A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-18 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Clay unburned brick batching, ageing and mixing system and process |
| CN115650738A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2023-01-31 | 新沂新世纪高科耐火材料有限公司 | Refractory brick without bubbles and gaps inside and preparation method thereof |
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