CN111421204B - Surface overlaying method for thin-wall metal - Google Patents
Surface overlaying method for thin-wall metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN111421204B CN111421204B CN202010147029.8A CN202010147029A CN111421204B CN 111421204 B CN111421204 B CN 111421204B CN 202010147029 A CN202010147029 A CN 202010147029A CN 111421204 B CN111421204 B CN 111421204B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/042—Built-up welding on planar surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a surface overlaying method of thin-wall metal, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a power supply capable of realizing peak-valley current output, and adjusting peak current, peak current time, valley current and valley current time to obtain a welding bead meeting the requirements; 2) sequentially completing welding of different welding passes to form a welding layer; and 3) repeating the step 2), and completing the welding of different welding layers in sequence to complete the welding of all the welding layers. Compared with the prior art, the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal utilizes the power supply with the peak-valley current switching characteristic, avoids overhigh metal temperature caused by continuous heating of the metal surface by peak current, and can avoid quality problems of burning-through, excessive oxidation and the like of the back surface of the thin-wall metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a surface overlaying method of thin-wall metal.
Background
Currently, in actual production, a large number of situations are encountered in which surfacing treatment is required due to defects on the metal surface or a shallow surface.
Referring to fig. 1, the conventional surfacing method has the following defects due to the small thickness 11 (the distance between the metal surfacing surface 12 and the metal back surface 13): firstly, when the welding arc 16 is used for welding, the weld penetration is large, and metal breakdown 14 caused by a welding heat source is easily caused; secondly, the metal heating temperature is high, which easily causes quality problems such as oxidation 15 and burning loss of the metal back surface 13. In particular, for pipelines with certain pressure inside water, oil, gas and other media, improper welding methods can cause production accidents such as medium leakage inside metal.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a method for surface overlaying thin-wall metal to avoid quality problems such as burning through and excessive oxidation of the back surface of the thin-wall metal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a surface overlaying method of thin-wall metal to avoid the quality problems of burning through, excessive oxidation and the like of the back surface of the thin-wall metal.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for surface overlaying thin-walled metal, comprising the steps of:
1) selecting a power supply capable of realizing peak-valley current output, and adjusting peak current, peak current time, valley current and valley current time to obtain a welding bead meeting the requirements;
2) sequentially completing welding of different welding passes to form a welding layer; and
3) and (5) repeating the step 2), and completing the welding of different welding layers in sequence to complete the welding of all the welding layers.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the thickness of the thin-wall metal is not more than 5 mm.
As an improvement of the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention, the thickness of the weld bead does not exceed 1/2 weld bead width, and does not exceed 3 times the diameter of the weld material.
As an improvement of the thin-wall metal surfacing method, the lapping distance between the center of the current weld bead and the previous weld bead is 1/3-1/2 of the width of the previous weld bead.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the temperature between the welding beads or welding layers is controlled not to exceed 100 ℃.
As an improvement of the thin-wall metal surfacing method, the nondestructive inspection is carried out on the prior weld bead before the current weld bead is welded.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the nondestructive inspection is carried out on the prior welding layer before the current welding layer is welded.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the linear energy output generated by the selection of peak current, peak current time, valley current and valley current time is not more than 25 KJ/cm.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the thin-wall metal is stainless steel with the thickness of 3.05mm to 5 mm.
As an improvement of the thin-wall metal surface surfacing method, the peak current is 65-85A, the peak current time is 0.1-0.4 second, the valley current is 50-60A, the valley current time is 0.1-0.4 second, and the sum of the peak current time and the valley current time is 0.5 second.
As an improvement of the surface overlaying method of the thin-wall metal, the welding speed is 20-60 mm/min.
Compared with the prior art, the surface overlaying method for the thin-wall metal has the following advantages:
(1) the power supply with the peak-valley current switching characteristic is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the metal temperature is too high due to continuous heating of the metal surface by the peak current is avoided;
(2) defining a weld formation factor and its associated individual bead width, thereby reducing a welding swing amplitude, thereby reducing a weld puddle dwell time on the metal surface;
(3) the lapping width between welding beads is increased, so that the metal thickness in the welding process is increased;
(4) the temperature between welding beads/layers is reduced, namely the initial temperature before the secondary welding is reduced.
Drawings
The thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a thin-walled metal in a prior art method of surface welding of thin-walled metals;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply having peak-to-valley current output characteristics in the thin-wall metal surfacing method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing bead formation in the thin-walled metal surface deposition method of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of welding weaving in the thin-walled metal surface welding method of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing weld bead overlapping in the thin-walled metal surfacing method according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of welding layers in the thin-walled metal surfacing method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, the method for surfacing thin-wall metal according to the present invention includes the following steps:
1) selecting a power supply capable of realizing peak-valley current output, and adjusting peak current, peak current time, valley current and valley current time to obtain a welding bead meeting the requirements;
2) sequentially completing welding of different welding passes to form a welding layer; and
3) and (5) repeating the step 2), and completing the welding of different welding layers in sequence to complete the welding of all the welding layers.
It should be noted that thin wall means that the thickness of metal is less than 5mm (for example, 3.05mm to 5mm), metal means carbon steel or stainless steel, and surfacing means that metal is clad on the surface of metal by using a welding method.
Referring to fig. 2 in particular, according to one embodiment of the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention, the welding power source can output peak-to-valley current, has a periodic characteristic, and can independently adjust the peak current 21, the valley current 22, the peak current time 23, and the valley current time 24, for example, the peak current 65-85A, the peak current time 0.3 seconds, the valley current 50-60A, and the valley current time 0.2 seconds, respectively. When the welding speed is 20-60mm/min, the generated linear energy output is not more than 25 KJ/cm. In other embodiments, the peak current time may be selected from 0.1 to 0.4 seconds, the valley current time may be selected from 0.1 to 0.4 seconds, and the sum of the peak current time and the valley current time is 0.5 seconds.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, for a weld bead 41 having a certain bead height 31, bead width 32, and bead penetration 33, the welding arc oscillates between two weld pools 43 defining a weld oscillation distance 42. According to one embodiment of the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention, the thickness of the weld bead does not exceed 1/2 the weld bead width 32, and does not exceed 3 times the diameter of the weld material.
Referring to fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention, a bead lap width 54 between a front bead center 53 and a front bead 52 is 1/3 to 1/2 of a width of the front bead 52, and the bead lap width 54 increases a bead center metal thickness 51.
Referring to fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention, the temperature between the weld beads or weld layers is controlled not to exceed 100 ℃, i.e., the temperature of the weld bead before measurement does not exceed 100 ℃ before the welding of the secondary weld bead; before the secondary layer welding, the temperature of a preorder welding layer is measured to be not more than 100 ℃.
In order to improve the welding effect of the thin-wall metal surfacing method, before the current weld bead is welded, nondestructive flaw detection is carried out on the prior weld bead; and carrying out nondestructive inspection on the preorder welding layer before welding the current welding layer.
TABLE 1 parameters and Experimental results for different examples of the thin-walled Metal surfacing method of the invention
Nondestructive testing: nondestructive testing of part 5 using NBT47013.5-2015 pressure bearing equipment: and (4) detecting infiltration. Ferrite content of the overlaying layer: the delta-ferrite number of the first layer of the overlaying layer is more than or equal to 7.5FN or more than or equal to 5FN, the carbon content is less than 0.02 percent, the delta-ferrite number of the subsequent layer is not less than 7.5FN, and meanwhile, the delta-ferrite content is not more than 15 percent at most. The following standards were used: GB/T1954-.
As can be seen from the experimental results in table 1, in each of the embodiments of the thin-wall metal surfacing method of the present invention, the experimental results of the nondestructive testing and the ferrite content of the surfacing layer both meet the technical requirements.
It should be understood that although the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention is described by taking stainless steel metal with a thickness of 3.05 to 4.19mm as an example, the thin-walled metal surfacing method of the present invention is also applicable to other thin-walled metal with a thickness of not more than 5mm, such as carbon steel, etc., as long as the peak current, the peak current time, the valley current time and the welding speed are adjusted according to actual needs.
Compared with the prior art, the surface overlaying method for the thin-wall metal has the following advantages:
(1) the power supply with the peak-valley current switching characteristic is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the metal temperature is too high due to continuous heating of the metal surface by the peak current is avoided;
(2) defining a weld formation factor and its associated individual bead width, thereby reducing a welding swing amplitude, thereby reducing a weld puddle dwell time on the metal surface;
(3) the lapping width between welding beads is increased, so that the metal thickness in the welding process is increased;
(4) the temperature between welding beads/layers is reduced, namely the initial temperature before the secondary welding is reduced.
Appropriate changes and modifications to the embodiments described above will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (5)
1. A surface overlaying method of thin-wall metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting a power supply capable of realizing peak-valley current output, and adjusting the peak current, the peak current time, the valley current time and the welding speed to ensure that the generated linear energy output does not exceed 25KJ/cm and obtain a welding bead meeting the requirement; wherein the peak current is 65-85A, the peak current time is 0.1-0.4 second, the valley current is 50-60A, the valley current time is 0.1-0.4 second, the sum of the peak current time and the valley current time is 0.5 second, and the welding speed is 20-60 mm/min;
2) sequentially completing welding of different welding passes to form a welding layer, wherein the thickness of the welding pass is not more than 1/2 welding pass width, and is not more than 3 times of the diameter of a welding material, and before the current welding pass is welded, performing nondestructive inspection on the previous welding pass; and
3) repeating the step 2), and completing the welding of different welding layers in sequence to complete the welding of all the welding layers; wherein, before welding the current weld layer, the nondestructive inspection is carried out on the preorder weld layer.
2. The method of hardfacing thin-walled metal according to claim 1, wherein the thin-walled metal has a thickness of no more than 5 mm.
3. A method of hardfacing for thin-walled metals in accordance with claim 1, wherein the overlap distance between the center of the current bead and the preceding bead is 1/3-1/2 of the width of the preceding bead.
4. The method of hardfacing with thin-walled metals according to claim 1, wherein the temperature between the beads or layers is controlled to not exceed 100 ℃.
5. The method of hardfacing of thin-walled metals according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thin-walled metal is stainless steel having a thickness of 3.05mm to 5 mm.
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| CN102059476A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Hardfacing MIG-arc welding wire and hardfacing MIG-arc welding process |
| CN104507617A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2015-04-08 | 林肯环球股份有限公司 | Method and system of edging cladding operation |
| EP3415260A1 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-12-19 | General Electric Company | Methods of welding and welded articles |
| CN109530857A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of efficient submerged arc automatic surfacing technology of the shallow fusion penetration of crin single supply |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102059476A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Hardfacing MIG-arc welding wire and hardfacing MIG-arc welding process |
| CN104507617A (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2015-04-08 | 林肯环球股份有限公司 | Method and system of edging cladding operation |
| EP3415260A1 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2018-12-19 | General Electric Company | Methods of welding and welded articles |
| CN109530857A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-29 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of efficient submerged arc automatic surfacing technology of the shallow fusion penetration of crin single supply |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| GMAW-P脉冲焊接参数对焊缝成形影响的分析;孟疌等;《焊接技术》;20071231;第36卷(第6期);1 概述 2 试验设备和方法 3 试验结果分析 * |
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