CN111421159A

CN111421159A - Large-diameter steel pipe puncher

Info

Publication number: CN111421159A
Application number: CN202010271601.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪志明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Zhejiang Guorui Steel Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-09
Filing date: 2020-04-09
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-09
Also published as: CN111421159B

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-caliber steel pipe puncher, which comprises a magnetic seat, a shell, a motor, a transmission mechanism, a screw rod, a punching device, a limiting device, a roller, a shockproof rod and a moving device, wherein the magnetic seat is arranged on the shell; the moving device comprises a ratchet wheel, a first torsion spring, a positioning device, a telescopic rod, a roller, a rotating roller and wheels; the ratchet wheel is rotatably arranged in the magnetic seat, and the axis of the ratchet wheel is vertical to the bottom surface of the magnetic seat; one end of the telescopic rod is connected with the ratchet wheel, and the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a roller; one end of the rotating roller is connected with the idler wheel, the other end of the rotating roller is connected with the wheel, and the knurling is arranged on the rotating roller; the whole device is fixed on a steel pipe needing to be punched through the magnetic base, and then punching is carried out; after the holes are punched, the rotary rollers on the two sides are respectively rotated to abut against the steel pipes, and then the equipment is moved, so that each punched hole is ensured to be on the same straight line, and the punching efficiency is improved.

Description

Large-diameter steel pipe puncher

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of punching, and particularly relates to a large-caliber steel pipe puncher.

Background

The existing large-caliber perforating machine is a common drilling machine, a worker needs to draw a straight line on the surface of a steel pipe, and then the drilling machine is used manually to perforate on line, so that each perforated hole is ensured to be on the same straight line; it is consuming time to punch like this, and the efficiency of punching is influenced in the manual drilling moreover.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an automatic large-caliber steel pipe puncher which can punch each hole on the same straight line in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a large-diameter steel pipe puncher comprises a magnetic base, a protective shell arranged on the magnetic base, a motor arranged on the shell, a transmission mechanism arranged in the shell, a screw rod matched with the transmission mechanism, a punching device arranged on the screw rod, a limiting device arranged on the shell, a roller arranged below the magnetic base, a shockproof rod connecting the roller and a magnetic gauge stand and a moving device arranged on the magnetic base; the method is characterized in that: the moving device comprises a ratchet wheel arranged in the magnetic seat, a first torsion spring connected with the ratchet wheel and the magnetic seat, a fixed positioning device arranged on the magnetic seat, a telescopic rod arranged on the ratchet wheel, a roller arranged on the telescopic rod, a rotating roller arranged on the roller and wheels arranged on the rotating roller; the ratchet wheel is rotatably arranged in the magnetic seat, and the axis of the ratchet wheel is vertical to the bottom surface of the magnetic seat; one end of the telescopic rod is connected with the ratchet wheel, and the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a roller; one end of the rotating roller is connected with the idler wheel, the other end of the rotating roller is connected with the wheel, and the knurling is arranged on the rotating roller; the moving device is provided with two pairs, and the two pairs of moving devices are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the magnetic seat in the width direction.

Before the equipment is started, the equipment is erected on a steel pipe to be punched, and a switch of a magnetic seat is rotated to fix the equipment on the steel pipe; at the moment, the roller under the magnetic seat is extruded and retracted into the magnetic seat; then pulling the telescopic rod according to the caliber of the steel pipe, and pulling the rotating roller out to be vertically placed on the ground; rotating the rotating roller on one side to the left until the rotating roller is abutted against the surface of the steel pipe, and then rotating the rotating roller on the other side to the right until the rotating roller is abutted against the steel pipe; under the mutual cooperation of the ratchet wheel and the first latch, the rotating rollers on the two sides are fixed; then adjusting the limiting device according to the thickness of the steel pipe; at the moment, the motor is turned on and drives the screw rod to rotate through the transmission mechanism; the screw rod drives the punching device to move downwards, and at the moment, the steel pipe starts to be punched; at the moment, when the hole is punched, the limiting device is started, and the motor stops punching and starts reversing reset; after the hole is punched, a switch on the magnetic seat is rotated, and the equipment is separated from the steel pipe; at this time, the roller loses extrusion force, the roller is pushed out of the magnetic seat under the action of the shockproof rod, and the roller is contacted with the surface of the steel pipe; at the moment, the rotating rollers on the two sides still prop against the steel pipe; moving the perforating machine along the axial direction of the steel pipe at this time, and performing next perforating; the punching machine can be fixed on a large-caliber steel pipe through the arrangement of the magnetic seat, so that the punching applicability is improved, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is further improved; the arrangement of the protective shell prevents iron chips splashed during punching from being attracted by magnetism of the magnetic seat, ensures that the iron chips smoothly fall on the ground, prevents the equipment from being clamped by the iron chips during later movement, and improves the working smoothness of the equipment; the rotation of the motor is changed into the up-and-down movement of the perforating device through the arrangement of the transmission mechanism; the punching device can stop punching immediately after punching holes by the limiting device, so that the situation that the punching device continues to punch holes downwards after punching holes by the punching device is prevented from damaging equipment; the friction force between the magnetic seat and the steel pipe surface is reduced when the equipment is moved due to the arrangement of the roller, so that the drilling smoothness of the equipment is improved, and the drilling efficiency of the equipment is further improved; the arrangement of the shockproof rod enables the roller to move up and down in the magnetic seat, so that the contact and the separation of the magnetic seat to the steel pipe are adapted; the smoothness of the equipment is further improved, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is improved; the ratchet wheel is arranged to enable the rotary roller to be separated from the steel pipe under the impression of the reaction force after the rotary roller is abutted against the steel pipe, so that the rotary roller can be always abutted against the steel pipe; dislocation of the equipment during movement is prevented, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is further improved; the ratchet wheel is positioned after rotating to a required position through the arrangement of the positioning device, so that the rotating roller is prevented from being separated from the steel pipe; meanwhile, the ratchet wheel can be loosened through the arrangement of the positioning device, so that the rotating roller can be far away from the steel pipe; the length of the rotating roller can be adjusted according to the diameter of the steel pipe through the arrangement of the telescopic rod, so that the applicability of the equipment is improved, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is improved through the brocade; through the arrangement of the device, the equipment can move on the axis of the steel pipe after the first hole is punched, so that each hole punched on the steel pipe is ensured to be on the same straight line; the punching effect of the equipment is improved.

The positioning device comprises a rotatable first latch arranged on the magnetic seat, a spring for connecting the first latch and the magnetic seat, a push rod arranged on the first latch and capable of moving up and down, and a V-shaped groove formed in the magnetic seat; one end of the first clamping tooth is rotatably embedded in the magnetic seat, the other end of the first clamping tooth is matched with the ratchet wheel, and the longitudinal section of the first clamping tooth is crescent; one end of the push rod can move up and down and is embedded on one side of the first latch, and the other end of the push rod penetrates through the V-shaped groove.

The push rod moves rightwards along the V-shaped groove, at the moment, the first clamping tooth is separated from the ratchet wheel, and the ratchet wheel can smoothly rotate; when the ratchet wheel rotates to a required position, the push rod is loosened, and the first clamping tooth is clamped between the teeth on the ratchet wheel under the action of the spring to realize meshing; the ratchet can be positioned through the arrangement of the first clamping teeth, and the ratchet is prevented from being misplaced when the equipment moves; the accuracy of equipment punching is improved, and the effect of equipment punching is further improved; the first latch can be separated from and meshed with the ratchet wheel through the arrangement of the pushing rod, so that the mobility of the equipment is improved, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is further improved; the V-shaped groove is arranged, so that the push rod can move up and down in the groove to fix the first movable latch, and can move left and right to loosen the first latch; further improve the mobility of equipment, improved the efficiency that equipment punched.

The transmission mechanism comprises a moving block arranged on the screw rod, a helical gear arranged on the screw rod, a transmission rod arranged on the motor and a curved gear arranged on the transmission rod; the curved surface gear is meshed with the helical gear.

After the motor is started, the motor starts to rotate to drive the transmission rod to start to rotate, and meanwhile, the curved gear drives the helical gear to start to rotate; at the moment, the screw rod starts to rotate under the rotation of the bevel gear; under the rotation of the screw rod, a moving block matched with the screw rod starts to move up and down; the punching device arranged on the moving block can move up and down along with the lead screw to punch holes through the arrangement of the moving block, so that the steel pipe can be automatically punched, and the punching efficiency is improved; the transmission rod parallel to the bottom surface of the shell can drive the lead screw perpendicular to the bottom surface of the shell to rotate by the aid of the bevel gear and the curved gear in meshed mode, transmission mobility of equipment is reflected, the motor drives the punching device to automatically move up and down to punch, and punching efficiency of the equipment is improved.

The punching device comprises a punching machine arranged on the screw rod, a rotating rod arranged on the punching machine, a first bearing arranged on the rotating rod, a water inlet hole formed on the first bearing, a hole opener arranged on the rotating rod, a water collecting bucket arranged on the hole opener, a drill bit arranged in the hole opener, a second bearing arranged on the drill bit and a spring arranged on the second bearing; the punching machine screw rod is matched; the inner ring of the first bearing is embedded on the rotating rod, and the outer ring of the first bearing is provided with a water inlet; the opening direction of the water inlet hole points to the water collecting barrel; the hole digger is embedded on the rotating rod, and a spiral groove is formed in the outer wall of the hole digger; the inner ring of the second bearing is embedded at the bottom end of the rotary rod, and the outer ring is spaced from the bottom end of the rotary rod; the spring is arranged on the outer ring of the second bearing.

Connecting a water pipe to the water inlet hole before emptying; starting a punching machine on the punching device, and starting to rotate a rotating rod; the rotary rod drives the hole digger and the rotary head to rotate, when in punching, the drill bit firstly starts to punch holes on the steel pipe, and then the hole digger contacts the surface of the steel pipe to start to punch holes on the steel pipe; at the moment, water in the water pipe begins to flow into the water collecting barrel and flows into the hole digger along with the water collecting barrel; cooling the drill bit and the hole opener which are drilling; after the hole is punched, the second spring starts to act to eject the steel sheet cut from the steel pipe to the ground; the arrangement of the first bearing ensures that the water inlet holes cannot rotate along with the rotating rod when the rotating rod rotates, and the water pipe is prevented from being wound on the rotating rod to cause equipment damage; the arrangement of the water inlet hole enables the drill bit and the hole digger to be cooled when the hole is punched, the effect of punching is prevented from being influenced by overhigh temperature of the drill bit and the hole digger, and meanwhile, the cooling liquid is added, so that the lubrication can be facilitated, and the punching efficiency can be improved; the arrangement of the water collecting barrel enables the cooling liquid flowing down from the water inlet hole to enter the hole digger, so that the cooling liquid is prevented from being splashed under the action of centrifugal force during rotation; due to the arrangement of the drill bit, before the hole opener is used for drilling holes, small holes are drilled, so that the strength of the part to be drilled is reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved; the cut steel plate can smoothly fall to the ground through the arrangement of the spring, and the steel plate cut after hole drilling is prevented from being clamped in the hole drilling device; the setting through the second bearing makes when punching spring and steel pipe contact irrotational, reduces the spring and follows the frictional force between the steel pipe, prevents that the spring top from being worn out flat, the effect of influence clearance steel sheet.

The limiting device comprises a rack arranged on the magnetic seat, a travel switch arranged on the rack and capable of moving up and down, and a bump arranged on one side of the perforating machine; the second latch is arranged on the travel switch; the second torsion spring is connected with the second latch and the travel switch; the travel switch can be embedded on the rack in an up-and-down moving manner; one end of the second clamping tooth is connected with the travel switch, the other end of the second clamping tooth is meshed with the teeth on the rack, and the longitudinal section of the clamping tooth is crescent; the projection can be abutted against the travel switch.

Before punching, the travel switch is moved up and down according to the thickness of the steel pipe, and the second clamping teeth are rotated before moving, so that the second clamping teeth are far away from the rack; when the travel switch moves to a required position, the second clamping teeth are loosened, and under the action of the second torsion spring, the second clamping teeth automatically buckle the rack, so that the travel switch is positioned; when punching, the punching machine moves downwards, the bump slowly approaches the travel switch, and when the hole is punched, the bump touches the travel switch; at the moment, the travel switch is started, the motor stops rotating reversely, and the perforating machine is reset upwards; the punch can automatically reset after punching by the aid of the travel switch, so that punching automation is realized, and punching efficiency of equipment is improved; the travel switch can move up and down through the arrangement of the rack, and the proper position is adjusted according to the punching depth, so that the applicability of the equipment is further improved; the punching machine can be matched with the travel switch through the arrangement of the convex block, so that automatic punching and resetting of the punching machine are further realized; the travel switch can be firmly fixed on the rack through the arrangement of the second clamping teeth, so that the equipment is prevented from falling off when in operation; the second bayonet can automatically lock the rack through the arrangement of the second torsion spring; the punching machine can reset automatically after punching holes by the aid of the punching device, and punching efficiency of the punching machine is improved.

The shockproof rod comprises a semicircular sheet arranged on the roller, a ball arranged on the semicircular sheet, and a spring rod connecting the semicircular sheet and the magnetic seat; the ball bearing is rotatably embedded on the surface of the semicircular sheet and is abutted to the roller.

When the magnetic seat attracts the steel pipe, the magnetic seat is pressed downwards, and the roller is extruded at the moment; the spring rod starts to act, and the roller enters the magnetic seat; when the magnetic seat is far away from the steel pipe, the roller loses extrusion force, and the spring rod starts to act; then the roller is pushed out of the magnetic seat to be abutted against the surface of the steel pipe; the friction force between the roller and the semicircular sheet is reduced through the arrangement of the balls; the arrangement of the spring rod can enable the roller to move in the magnetic seat along with the state that the magnetic seat attracts the steel pipe and is far away from the steel pipe; through the equipment, the smoothness of the equipment moving on the steel pipe is improved, and the punching efficiency of the equipment is further improved.

In summary, the invention has the following advantages: the device fixes the perforating machine on a large-caliber steel pipe through a magnetic seat, and then respectively rotates a rotating roller to rotatably support the surface of the steel pipe, so that the perforating machine is more stable on the steel pipe; further, when the perforating machine is moved, the two rotating rollers are abutted against the steel pipe, so that the perforating machine moves along the axial direction of the steel pipe in the translation process; ensuring that each hole punched on the steel pipe can be on the same straight line; further improving the punching effect of the punching machine.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial view taken at A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the invention without a housing.

Fig. 4 is a partial view of the invention at B in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a second structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial view taken at C of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a partial view taken at D of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a left side view of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a broken away view at F of fig. 8 according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a partial view of the invention at E of fig. 9.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-10, a large-caliber steel pipe puncher comprises a magnetic base 1, a protective shell 2, a shell 3, a motor 4, a transmission mechanism 5, a screw rod 6, a punching device 7, a limiting device 8, a roller 9, a shockproof rod 10 and a moving device 11; the moving device 11 comprises a ratchet wheel 111, a first torsion spring 112, a positioning device, a telescopic rod 113, a roller 114, a rotating roller 115 and wheels 116; the longitudinal section of the magnetic seat 1 is arc-shaped; the protective shell 2 is arranged on the magnetic seat 1, and the side surface of 4 faces of the magnetic seat 4 is arranged; the shell 3 is arranged on the magnetic base 1 and is made of aluminum; the motor 4 is arranged on the outer side of the shell 3 and is directly purchased from the market; the transmission mechanism 5 is arranged in the shell 4; the screw rod 6 is arranged in the shell, and one end of the screw rod is rotatably embedded at the bottom of the shell 3; the punching device 7 is arranged on the screw rod 6; the limiting and limiting device 8 is arranged on the shell 3; the roller 9 is arranged on the bottom surface of the magnetic base and can be contacted with a steel pipe to be punched; the shockproof rod 10 is connected with the magnetic base 1 and the roller 9; the ratchet wheel 111 is rotatably arranged in the magnetic seat 1, and the axis of the ratchet wheel 111 is vertical to the bottom surface of the magnetic seat 1; the first torsion spring 112 is connected with the ratchet wheel 111 and the magnetic seat 1; one end of the telescopic rod 113 is connected with the ratchet wheel 111, and the other end is provided with a roller 114; the telescopic rod 113 is directly purchased from the market; one end of the rotating roller 115 is connected with the roller 114, the other end of the rotating roller 115 is connected with the wheel 116, and the rotating roller 115 is provided with knurls; the moving device is provided with two pairs, and the two pairs are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the magnetic base 1 in the width direction of the magnetic base 1.

The positioning device comprises a first latch 21, a spring 22, a push rod 23 and a V-shaped groove 24; one end of the first latch 21 is rotatably embedded in the magnetic seat 1, the other end of the first latch is matched with the ratchet wheel 111, and the longitudinal section of the first latch 21 is crescent; one end of the spring 22 is connected with the first latch 21, and the other end of the spring is connected with the magnetic base 1; the V-shaped groove 24 is formed in the magnetic base 1; one end of the push rod 23 can be vertically moved and is embedded at one side of the first latch 21, and the other end of the push rod passes through the V-shaped groove 24.

The transmission mechanism 5 comprises a moving block 51, a helical gear 52, a transmission rod 53 and a curved gear 54; the random moving block 51 is arranged on the lead screw 6 in a matched manner; the helical gear 52 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the screw rod 6; one end of the transmission rod 53 is fixedly connected to the motor 4, and the other end of the transmission rod points to the helical gear 52; the curved gear 54 is provided on the transmission rod 53, and the curved gear 54 is engaged with the helical gear 52.

The perforating device 7 comprises a perforating machine 71, a rotating rod 72, a first bearing 73, a water inlet 74, a hole digger 75, a water collecting bucket 76, a drill bit 77, a second bearing 78 and a spring 79; the perforating machine 71 is matched with the moving block 51 on the screw rod 6, and the perforating machine 71 is directly purchased from the market; one end of the rotating rod 72 is buckled with the perforating machine 71; the inner ring of the first bearing 73 is embedded on the rotating rod 72; the hole digger 75 is buckled with the other end of the rotating rod 72, a thread groove is formed on the surface of the hole digger 75, and the hole digger 75 is directly purchased from the market; the water collecting barrel 76 is arranged on the hole opener 75, and the longitudinal section of the water collecting barrel 76 is V-shaped; the water inlet 74 is arranged on the outer ring of the first bearing 73, and the opening direction of the water inlet 74 points to the water collecting bucket 76; the rotating head 77 is arranged in the hole opener 75, and one end of the rotating head is buckled with the rotating rod 72; the inner ring of the second bearing 78 is embedded at the bottom end of the rotating rod 72, and the outer ring is spaced from the bottom end of the rotating rod 72; the spring 79 is provided on the outer race of the second bearing 78.

The limiting device 8 comprises a rack 81, a travel switch 82, a bump 83, a second latch 84 and a second torsion spring 85; the rack 81 is arranged on the magnetic base 1; the travel switch 82 can be embedded on the rack 81 and can move up and down, and is directly available in the market; the bump 83 is arranged on one side of the perforating machine 71, and the longitudinal section of the bump 83 is semicircular; the projection 83 can abut against the travel switch 82; the second latch 84 is arranged on the travel switch 82, the longitudinal section of the second latch 84 is crescent, and the second latch 84 and the rack 81 can be meshed with each other; the second torsion spring 85 is connected to the second latch 84 and the travel switch 82.

The shockproof rod 10 comprises a semi-circular sheet 101, a ball 102 and a spring rod 103; the semi-circular sheet 101 is arranged above the roller 9; the ball 102 is rotatably embedded on the surface of the semicircular plate 101, and the ball 102 is in contact with the roller 9; the spring rod 103 connects the semicircular plate 101 and the magnetic base 1.

The specific working process is as follows: before starting the equipment, firstly determining the punching depth according to the thickness of the steel bar to be punched; after the determination is made, the second latch 84 is rotated to make the second latch 84 leave the rack 81, and then the travel switch 82 is moved according to the punching depth; the second latch 84 is loosened, the second torsion spring 85 starts to act to buckle the second latch 84 into the rack 81, and then the water pipe is connected into the water inlet hole 74, and the adjustment is finished; (ii) a Placing the magnetic base 1 on the steel pipe, and rotating a switch on the magnetic base 1 to enable the magnetic base 1 to attract the steel pipe; when the magnetic iron is attracted, the roller 9 is extruded into the magnetic base 1; then pulling the telescopic rod 113 according to the caliber of the steel pipe, and pulling out the rotating roller 115 to vertically place on the ground; at the moment, the pushing rod 23 at one side of the magnetic base 1 is pushed to make the first latch 21 far away from the ratchet wheel 111, and then the rotating roller 115 at the other side is rotated leftwards until the rotating roller 115 is abutted against the surface of the steel pipe; the pushing rod 23 is loosened, and the pushing rod 23 is pushed under the action of the spring 22 to clamp the first caliper 1 into the ratchet wheel 111; then pushing the pushing rod 23 on the other side of the magnetic base 1 to make the first latch 21 far away from the ratchet wheel 111 on the side, further rotating the rotating roller 115 on the side to the right until the rotating roller 115 abuts against the steel pipe, releasing the pushing rod 23, and buckling the ratchet wheel with the first latch 21 under the action of the spring 22; under the mutual cooperation of the ratchet wheel 111 and the first latch 21, the rotating rollers 115 on both sides are fixed; starting the motor 4 and the punching machine 71, starting the screw rod 6 to rotate through the transmission rod 53, and starting the downward movement of the punching machine 71 to punch; when punching, the drill bit 77 firstly drills the steel pipe; then, the hole opener 75 is drilled to ream the steel pipe, and when the hole is drilled, the spring 79 pushes against the steel pipe; the punch 71 continues to move downwards until the punching is finished; at this time, the bump 83 on the punch 71 contacts with the travel switch 82, the motor 4 starts to rotate reversely under the action of the travel switch 82, and the punch starts to reset; after the reset is finished, a switch on the magnetic base 1 is rotated, at the moment, the spring rod 103 starts to act, the roller 9 is pushed out of the magnetic base 1, and the roller 9 is connected with the surface of the rigid pipe; at this time, the rotary roller 115 is always abutted against the steel pipe, and at this time, the rotary roller is moved in the axial direction of the steel pipe until the next punching position is reached, and the punching is continued.

While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A large-diameter steel pipe puncher comprises a magnetic base (1), a protective shell (2) arranged on the magnetic base (1), a shell (3) arranged on the magnetic base (1), a motor (4) arranged on the shell (3), a transmission mechanism (5) arranged in the shell (3), a lead screw (6) matched with the transmission mechanism (5), a punching device (7) arranged on the lead screw (6), a limiting device (8) arranged on the shell (3), a roller (9) arranged below the magnetic base (1), a shock-proof rod (10) connecting the roller (9) and a magnetic gauge stand (3) and a moving device (11) arranged on the magnetic base; the method is characterized in that: the moving device (11) comprises a ratchet wheel (111) arranged in the magnetic seat (1), a first torsion spring (112) connected with the ratchet wheel (111) and the magnetic seat (1), a positioning device arranged on the magnetic seat (1), a telescopic rod (113) arranged on the ratchet wheel (111), a roller (114) arranged on the telescopic rod (113), a rotating roller (115) arranged on the roller (114), and wheels (116) arranged on the rotating roller (115); the ratchet wheel (111) is rotatably arranged in the magnetic seat (1), and the axis of the ratchet wheel (111) is vertical to the bottom surface of the magnetic seat (1); one end of the telescopic rod (113) is connected with the ratchet wheel (111), and the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with a roller (114); one end of the rotating roller (115) is connected with the roller (114), the other end of the rotating roller is connected with the wheel (116), and knurling is arranged on the surface of the rotating roller (115); the moving devices are provided with two pairs and are respectively symmetrically arranged on the side surface of the magnetic base (1) along the width direction of the magnetic base (1).

2. The large-caliber steel pipe puncher of claim 1, wherein: the positioning device comprises a first rotatable latch (21) arranged on the magnetic base (1), a spring (22) connected with the first latch (21) and the magnetic base (1), a push rod (23) arranged on the first latch (21) and capable of moving up and down, and a V-shaped groove (24) formed in the magnetic base (1); one end of the first latch (21) is rotatably embedded in the magnetic seat (1), the other end of the first latch is matched with the ratchet wheel (111), and the longitudinal section of the first latch (21) is crescent; one end of the push rod (23) can move up and down and is embedded at one side of the first latch (21), and the other end of the push rod penetrates through the V-shaped groove (24).

3. The large-caliber steel pipe puncher of claim 1, wherein: the transmission mechanism (5) comprises a moving block (51) arranged on the screw rod (6), a helical gear (52) arranged on the screw rod (6), a transmission rod (53) arranged on the motor (4) and a curved gear (54) arranged on the transmission rod (53); the curved face gear (54) and the helical gear (52) are meshed with each other.

4. The large-caliber steel pipe puncher of claim 1, wherein: the punching device (7) comprises a punching machine (71) arranged on the screw rod (6), a rotating rod (72) arranged on the punching machine (71), a first bearing (73) arranged on the rotating rod (72), a water inlet hole (74) formed in the first bearing (73), a hole opener (75) arranged on the rotating rod (72), a water collecting barrel (76) arranged on the hole opener (75), a drill bit (77) arranged in the hole opener (75), a second bearing (78) arranged on the drill bit (77), and a spring (79) arranged on the second bearing (78); the punching machine (71) is matched with the screw rod (6); the inner ring of the first bearing (73) is embedded on the rotating rod (72), and the outer ring is provided with a water inlet hole (74); the opening direction of the water inlet hole (74) points to the water collecting barrel (76); the hole digger (71) is embedded on the rotating rod (72), and the outer wall of the hole digger (71) is provided with a spiral groove; the inner ring of the second bearing (78) is embedded at the bottom end of the rotating rod (72), and the outer ring is spaced from the bottom end of the rotating rod (72); the spring (79) is arranged on the outer ring of the second bearing (78).

5. The large-caliber steel pipe puncher of claim 1, wherein: the limiting device (8) comprises a rack (81) arranged on the magnetic base (1), a travel switch (82) arranged on the rack (81) and capable of moving up and down, a convex block (83) arranged on one side of the perforating machine (71), a second clamping tooth (84) arranged on the travel switch (83), and a second torsion spring (85) connected with the second clamping tooth (84) and the travel switch (82); the travel switch (82) can be embedded on the rack (81) in an up-and-down moving manner; one end of the second latch (84) is connected with the travel switch (82) and the other end of the second latch is meshed with the teeth on the rack (81), and the longitudinal section of the second latch (84) is crescent; the projection (83) can be pressed against the travel switch (82).

6. The large-caliber steel pipe puncher of claim 1, wherein: the shockproof rod (10) comprises a semicircular sheet (101) arranged on the roller (9), a ball (102) arranged on the semicircular sheet (101), and a spring rod (103) connecting the semicircular sheet (101) and the magnetic seat (1); the ball (102) is rotatably embedded on the surface of the semicircular sheet (101), and the ball (102) is abutted against the roller (9).