CN111418518A - Water labyrinth device in experimental research of cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction - Google Patents
Water labyrinth device in experimental research of cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water maze device in experimental research of cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction, which comprises a water pool and a platform, wherein the water pool is composed of a pool wall and a pool bottom, the platform is used for floating in the water pool, the platform comprises a buoyancy box with a buoyancy cavity, a magnetic body is arranged on the platform, the water maze device also comprises a magnet which is fixed at the lower side of the pool bottom and used for adsorbing the magnetic body, and the volume of the buoyancy cavity is adjustable and/or the magnetic force of the magnet is adjustable. The invention provides a labyrinth device in experimental study on cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction, which aims to solve the technical problems that the total height of a platform is higher, and the bottom of the platform is easy to generate optical refraction to cause confusion on rat vision in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a labyrinth device in experimental study on cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction in the field of animal experiments.
Background
Chronic Cerebral Circulation Inefficiency (CCCI) was proposed by japanese scholars in 1990, and refers to a decrease in the fluctuation of subjective symptoms such as heaviness of the head and dizziness due to cerebral arterial circulatory disorder. There is currently no clear, accepted definition of CCCI, which is widely recognized as a common ischemic cerebrovascular disease, a phenomenon that occurs at about 2/3 in people over 60 years of age. CCCI is closely related to many cerebrovascular diseases, especially Vascular Dementia (VD), Alzheimer's Disease (AD), etc., which are mainly characterized by cognitive dysfunction, and the degree of decrease in cerebral blood flow is related to the severity of dementia. Cerebral circulation disturbance caused by various reasons can cause cerebral blood supply insufficiency, and chronic ischemia is generated in the brain by long-term CCCI, so that pathological damage of different degrees is generated, cognitive function is reduced, and dementia is generated. With the advent of an aging society, senile dementia is gradually becoming an important medical and social problem. Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second place of senile dementia, accounting for 20% -30% of senile dementia.
The research on cognitive dysfunction caused by CCCI has become a hot point of research, and the damage mechanism of the CCCI is not completely clarified. The CCCI histopathological changes include cortical atrophy, cortical and hippocampal neuronal degeneration, leukopenia, glioblastomas, and changes in the capillary bed, among others. The main damage mechanisms are apoptosis, immunoinflammatory injury, oxidative stress injury, synaptic structure and dysfunction, energy metabolism disorder, neurotransmitter dysfunction of central cholinergic and monoamine systems, and the like.
The central cholinergic system is closely related to learning, memory and cognitive functions. A plurality of researches consider that after cerebral ischemia, the level of phthalein choline in a relevant area is reduced, the brain liner alkali energy neurotransmitter plays an important role in the learning and memory process of human beings, the reperfusion after transient ischemia most easily causes nerve injury in a hippocampal CAI area of human beings and animals, and delayed neuron death is generated after a few days. Striatal changes and white matter cell damage following cerebral ischemia are the most typical and obvious manifestations of chronic cerebral ischemic areas, and striatal changes resulting from chronic cerebral ischemia mainly include both neuronal cell damage and delayed choline dysfunction. Autoradiography shows that Ueda and other researches prove that the binding force of the frontal cortex and hippocampal muscarinic acetylcholine receptors of 12 weeks after operation of 2VO of Wistar rats is reduced, and the monoaminergic nervous system is also related to the high-level functions of the brain and is involved in regulating the blood flow and energy metabolism of the brain.
CCCI has complex etiology, needs to be strengthened in the research on the pathogenesis of CCCI, has various clinical manifestations, and has a lack of reliable indexes in the diagnosis standard. However, with the deep research on diseases, especially the new progress of some researches on the aspects of pathophysiology and biochemical changes of chronic cerebral ischemia, a theoretical basis is provided for drug treatment, good intervention measures can be provided in the CCCI stage, and the disease progress, especially the progress of dementia, is delayed, so that the purpose of treatment is achieved, and the method has very important significance. The current clinical commonly used medicaments for treating dementia comprise: cholinesterase inhibitors, N-methyl-D aspartate receptor antagonists, calcium channel blockers, neurotrophic agents, and the like, have an uncertain long-term therapeutic effect.
In recent years, with the continuous and deep pharmacological research of AST-IV in the aspect of nerves, the protection effect on neurons and the improvement effect on memory are more and more prominent. The practioner thinks that the compound has a greater effect on the treatment of nervous refractory diseases, particularly chronic cerebral ischemic diseases such as (AD, VD), and has wide development and application prospects.
Before clinical experiments, the influence of AST-IV on neuron cells needs to be detected in vitro, the currently adopted mode is to test rats, and the basic test process is as follows: a chronic cerebral ischemic rat dementia model is established by adopting a bilateral common carotid artery ligation method, 29 days after operation, and 5 days of learning and memory capacity tests are carried out on each group of rats by utilizing a water maze device.
The water maze device is an experimental means designed and applied to the study of brain learning and memory mechanism by the English psychologist Morris in the beginning of the 20 th century 80 (1981), and the application of the water maze device in the AD study is very common. In a more classical Morris water maze, a test program mainly comprises a positioning navigation test and a space exploration test. Wherein, the positioning navigation test (localization) lasts for several days, the rat is respectively put into the water from 4 water-entering points facing to the pool wall for several times every day, and the time (escape latency) for finding the platform hidden under the water surface is recorded. The space exploration test (spatialprobe) is to remove the platform after the positioning navigation test, then to choose a water inlet point to put the rat into a water pool, record the swimming track of the rat in a certain time and examine the memory of the rat to the original platform.
The principle is as follows: although mice are a natural swimming good, they dislike being in the water, and swimming is a very physical activity for mice, who instinctively find a resting place in the water. The act of finding a rest space involves a complex memory process involving the collection of visual information relating to spatial positioning, which is processed, collated, memorized, consolidated and then retrieved again in order to enable successful navigation and to find a platform hidden in the water, eventually escaping from the water.
The existing water maze device comprises a circular water pool, a cylindrical platform is fixed at the bottom of the water pool, when the water maze device is used, a rat is placed into the water pool facing the side wall of the water pool, the rat can instinctively search and swim to a platform in water, and the memory of the rat to the original platform is inspected through a plurality of times and a plurality of days of memory training.
The existing water labyrinth device has the following problems: the cylindrical platform is fixed at the bottom of the pool, so the overall height of the cylindrical platform is high, and under the refraction of water, the vision of the rat is easily confused, thereby causing the unrealistic test. After rat training at every turn, all need the staff to grab the rat away on by the platform, take off stoving or other observations, when the staff snatchs the rat, the rat appears easily and escapes the problem that the aquatic can't be snatched by the platform, and the staff snatchs the intensity of labour of rat great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a labyrinth device in experimental study on cerebral ischemic rat cognitive dysfunction, which aims to solve the technical problems that the total height of a platform is higher, and the bottom of the platform is easy to generate optical refraction to cause confusion on rat vision in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
water maze device in cerebral ischemia rat cognitive dysfunction's experimental study, including the pond that comprises pool wall and bottom of the pool, still including be used for floating in platform in the pond, platform is provided with the magnetic body including the buoyancy box that has the buoyancy chamber on, water maze device still including be used for being fixed in the downside of bottom of the pool is in order to right the absorptive magnet, the adjustable and/or the magnetic force of magnet of buoyancy chamber is adjustable.
The magnet is an electromagnet with adjustable magnetic force.
The volume of buoyancy chamber is adjustable, and the buoyancy box includes buoyancy box diapire wall, buoyancy box lid body and is fixed in the preceding lateral wall of buoyancy box between buoyancy box diapire wall and the buoyancy box lid body, buoyancy box back side wall and buoyancy box right side wall, and the buoyancy box still includes to be assembled in buoyancy box lid body, buoyancy box diapire wall, the preceding lateral wall of buoyancy box and the buoyancy box back side wall of buoyancy box between the lateral wall buoyancy box left side wall along controlling the direction removal, is provided with the lateral wall actuating mechanism who is used for driving buoyancy box left side wall along controlling the direction reciprocating motion adjustment on the buoyancy box.
The magnetic substance includes the net bottom plate of being made by metal material, has a plurality of vertical arrangement's cylinder mould pole along circumference interval arrangement on the net bottom plate, and the supply corresponds cylinder mould pole guiding hole that the direction runs through from top to bottom along the direction is seted up to the outer fringe of buoyancy box, buoyancy bottom of the box portion with be provided with between the net bottom plate and pass power extension spring, the net bottom plate have be used for by the magnet adsorbs and the position leans on lower level, and adsorb the release back at the magnet and is pulled to the position by passing power extension spring and lean on higher level, and the cylinder mould pole has when removing to lower level along with the net bottom plate the top do not pack up the position under the buoyancy box top and along with the net bottom plate top outstanding in the rat enclosing position above the buoyancy box top.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the magnetic body on the platform is adsorbed by the magnet at the lower side of the pool bottom, and the adsorption force is balanced with the buoyancy generated by the buoyancy box, so that the platform floats in the pool, the bottom of the platform does not need to be connected with the pool bottom, the overall height of the platform can be effectively reduced, and the phenomenon that the vision of a rat is confused due to optical refraction generated by overhigh height of the platform is avoided. When the position of the platform needs to be changed, the height of the platform in the water pool can be changed by only moving the position of the magnetic body and changing the adsorption force of the magnetic body and/or the volume of the buoyancy cavity.
Further, when the magnetic substance adsorbs the magnet, the net bottom plate is adsorbed and makes to pass the stretch of power extension spring, the net bottom plate moves to the low level down, the cylinder mould pole that is fixed in on the net bottom plate also moves down thereupon to the top and does not pack up the position under buoyancy box top, the top of buoyancy box does not have the arch this moment, do not influence the searching and the occupy-place of rat, after the experiment, operating personnel removes the magnetic substance, receive the effect of biography power extension spring, the net bottom plate moves up to the high level, the cylinder mould pole moves to top salient in enclosing mouse position more than buoyancy box top along with the net bottom plate, the rat by this moment is enclosed between each cylinder mould pole, and can not flee from to aquatic, operating personnel can be convenient take the rat away, the intensity of labour who snatchs the rat is less.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lower position of a mesh floor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the docking station of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mesh floor in an elevated position according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the station of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The water maze device in the experimental study of the cognitive dysfunction of the cerebral ischemic rats is shown in figures 1-5: including pond 1 and the platform 2 that is arranged in floating in the pond, pond 1 includes pool wall 6 and bottom of the pool 5, and platform 2 is provided with magnetic substance 9 including the buoyancy box that has buoyancy chamber 7 on the platform. The water maze device also comprises a magnet 4 which is fixed at the lower side of the bottom of the pool and is used for adsorbing the magnetic body, the magnet 4 in the invention is a permanent magnet, and the volume of the buoyancy cavity 7 is adjustable.
The buoyancy box comprises a buoyancy box bottom wall 11, a buoyancy box cover body 13 fixed on a buoyancy box front side wall 18, a buoyancy box rear side wall 19 and a buoyancy box right side wall 12 between the buoyancy box bottom wall and the buoyancy box cover body, a platform table is formed at the top of the buoyancy box cover body 13, the buoyancy box further comprises a buoyancy box left side wall 15 which is assembled between the buoyancy box cover body, the buoyancy box bottom wall, the buoyancy box front side wall 18 and the buoyancy box rear side wall 19 in a left-right direction guiding movement, a side wall driving mechanism for driving the buoyancy box left side wall 15 to reciprocate and adjust in the left-right direction is arranged on the buoyancy box, in the invention, the buoyancy box further comprises a fixed enclosing plate 17 arranged on the buoyancy box bottom wall 11 and the buoyancy box cover body 13, the side wall driving mechanism comprises an adjusting screw 14 which is in threaded connection with the fixed enclosing plate at the left side position, the right end of the adjusting screw 14 is in rotation anti-off fit with the buoyancy box left, the right end of the adjusting screw 14 is matched with the T-shaped hole and is in running fit with the T-shaped hole. The side wall of the buoyancy box is also provided with an exhaust port 20, and a valve is arranged at the exhaust port 20. When the size of the buoyancy cavity needs to be changed to change the buoyancy of the platform, the valve is opened, the adjusting screw 14 is rotated, the adjusting screw 14 can drive the left side wall 15 of the buoyancy box to move left and right for adjustment, and after the adjustment is finished, the valve is closed. Item 3 in the figure represents the liquid level height.
Fixed bounding wall 17 constitutes the outer fringe of buoyancy box, in this embodiment, the magnetic substance includes the cylinder bottom plate 9 of being made by metal material, have a plurality of vertical arrangement's cylinder mould pole 8 along circumference interval arrangement on the cylinder bottom plate, the outer fringe of buoyancy box is seted up and is supplied to correspond cylinder mould pole along the cylinder mould pole guiding hole 16 that upper and lower direction runs through, the number of the guiding hole of cylinder mould pole and the number one-to-one of cylinder mould pole arrange, be provided with between buoyancy box bottom and the cylinder bottom plate and pass power extension spring 10, the cylinder bottom plate have be used for by the magnet adsorbs and the position is leaned on lower low level, and adsorb the release back at the magnet and is passed power extension spring and draw to the position and lean on higher level, the cylinder mould pole has when removing to the low level along with the cylinder bottom plate the top do not be in the position under the buoyancy box top and pack up when the cylinder bottom plate removes to high level top salient in the.
When the rat is required to be subjected to a water maze test, the magnetic body and the magnet are mutually adsorbed and fixed, namely the fixing force of the magnet is provided by the magnetic body, the platform can be moved to any position of the water pool, the buoyancy of the platform is changed by changing the size of the buoyancy cavity, so that the floating height of the platform is changed, the size of the buoyancy cavity is changed by the movement of the left side wall of the buoyancy box, the platform surface of the platform cannot be influenced, therefore, the judgment of the rat cannot be influenced, when the net bottom plate is adsorbed by the magnet, the net bottom plate overcomes the force transmission tension spring and moves downwards to a low position by acting force, as shown in figure 1, at the moment, the net cage rods move to the retracting position along with the net bottom plate, the top of each net cage rod is not under the top of the buoyancy box, namely the platform surface. After the rat experiment is finished, an operator only needs to move the magnet, after the adsorption effect of the magnet is not available, the net bottom plate is pulled by the force transmission tension spring and moves to the high position where the position is upward, the net cage rods also move to the rat surrounding position where the position is upward, as shown in fig. 4, the rat is surrounded in the middle of each net cage rod, the rat cannot jump to the water through the net cage rods, and meanwhile, due to the lack of the adsorption of the magnet, the buoyancy box can also float to the water surface, and the operator can conveniently take the rat away.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the volume of the buoyancy chamber may not be adjustable, and the magnet may be formed by an electromagnet with adjustable magnetic force; the pool bottom can also be made of an iron plate, and the magnet can be conveniently moved to any position of the pool bottom.
Claims (4)
1. Water maze device in cerebral ischemia rat cognitive function obstacle's experimental study, including the pond that constitutes by pool wall and bottom of the pool, its characterized in that: still including be used for floating in platform in the pond, the platform is provided with the magnetic substance including the buoyancy box that has the buoyancy chamber on, water labyrinth device still including being used for being fixed in the downside of bottom of the pool is in order to right the absorptive magnet of magnetic substance, the adjustable and/or of buoyancy chamber the magnetic force of magnet is adjustable.
2. The water maze device of claim 1 wherein: the magnet is an electromagnet with adjustable magnetic force.
3. The water maze device of claim 1 wherein: the volume of buoyancy chamber is adjustable, and the buoyancy box includes buoyancy box diapire wall, buoyancy box lid body and is fixed in the preceding lateral wall of buoyancy box between buoyancy box diapire wall and the buoyancy box lid body, buoyancy box back side wall and buoyancy box right side wall, and the buoyancy box still includes to be assembled in buoyancy box lid body, buoyancy box diapire wall, the preceding lateral wall of buoyancy box and the buoyancy box back side wall of buoyancy box between the lateral wall buoyancy box left side wall along controlling the direction removal, is provided with the lateral wall actuating mechanism who is used for driving buoyancy box left side wall along controlling the direction reciprocating motion adjustment on the buoyancy box.
4. The water maze device of any one of claims 1-3 wherein: the magnetic substance includes the net bottom plate of being made by metal material, has a plurality of vertical arrangement's cylinder mould pole along circumference interval arrangement on the net bottom plate, and the supply corresponds cylinder mould pole guiding hole that the direction runs through from top to bottom along the direction is seted up to the outer fringe of buoyancy box, buoyancy bottom of the box portion with be provided with between the net bottom plate and pass power extension spring, the net bottom plate have be used for by the magnet adsorbs and the position leans on lower level, and adsorb the release back at the magnet and is pulled to the position by passing power extension spring and lean on higher level, and the cylinder mould pole has when removing to lower level along with the net bottom plate the top do not pack up the position under the buoyancy box top and along with the net bottom plate top outstanding in the rat enclosing position above the buoyancy box top.
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