CN111416340B - Regional comprehensive energy system optimization control method based on practical security domain - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a regional comprehensive energy system optimization control method based on a practical security domain, which comprises the following steps: constructing a regional comprehensive energy system optimization control model containing an optimization target and operation constraints based on a practical security domain; solving the control model by adopting an NSGA-II algorithm to obtain a group of optimal system optimization control scheme sets; aiming at the pipeline outlet load, the size of the pipeline outlet load is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing state and the valve opening amount, and the pipeline outlet load is correspondingly reduced or increased, so that the position of a working point in a safety domain is adjusted. The method can effectively solve the problem of controlling the regional comprehensive energy system from the safe state to the safe and efficient state, and obtains the control strategy for moving the system from the safe state to the safe and efficient state with the fastest speed and optimal control measure economy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optimization control of an integrated energy system, in particular to a regional integrated energy system optimization control method based on a practical security domain.
Background
An Integrated Energy System (IES) is a concrete embodiment of advanced concepts such as "internet +" on the energy physical level, and has become one of the main development trends of future energy utilization modes due to the innovation of energy conversion equipment, the change of life and production modes, the massive penetration of renewable energy sources, and the like. The deeply-coupled comprehensive energy system faces potential safety hazards in the operation process, the safe operation of other energy subsystems can be influenced after a certain element fails, and compared with the traditional independently-operated energy system, the comprehensive energy system faces new challenges in the aspects of planning design, operation scheduling, safety analysis, protection control and the like. The safety and reliability of the energy system are the most basic requirements of the operation of the energy system, are the basis of research on aspects such as planning, operation, transaction and the like, and are one of the important research directions of the comprehensive energy system. At present, the research on the safety of the comprehensive energy system is mostly based on a traditional point-by-point method, the safety state is judged by locally limiting operating points through point-by-point simulation check, the obtained safety information is one-sided, the calculated amount is large, the consumed time is long, and the method is not suitable for online safety analysis. The method of utilizing the security domain can effectively and conveniently observe the security boundary of the system, and various security information such as the security state, the security distance, the security margin, the adjusting direction and the like of the system can be obtained according to the relative position of the working point in the security domain, so that the efficiency of security assessment is greatly improved, and the solution of various optimization problems related to security is simplified.
The aim of the optimization control of the regional integrated energy system is to maintain the regional integrated energy system in a normal, efficient and safe operation state. By using the security domain analysis tool, the dispatcher can obtain the complete boundary of the system safe operation, and in addition, various safety information such as the safety state, the safety distance, the safety margin and the like of the working point can be obtained according to the relative position of the working point and the security domain. The system security information based on the security domain lays a foundation for the dispatcher to implement security control measures and is the basis for the dispatcher to make decision judgment.
Therefore, it is necessary to research the optimization control measures of the regional integrated energy system based on the practical regional integrated energy system safety domain theory. How to regulate and control the load carried by the regional comprehensive energy system and how to enable the system to reach the running state with balanced safety and high efficiency on the basis of considering the economical efficiency of the regulation and control measures is a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optimized control method for a regional comprehensive energy system in a practical security domain, which can effectively solve the control problem of the regional comprehensive energy system from a security state to a security high-efficiency state, obtain a control strategy for moving from the security state to the security high-efficiency state, which enables the system to be fastest and the control measure to be optimal in economy, and is described in detail as follows:
a regional integrated energy system optimization control method based on a practical security domain comprises the following steps:
constructing a regional comprehensive energy system optimization control model containing an optimization target and operation constraints based on a practical security domain;
solving the control model by adopting an NSGA-II algorithm to obtain a group of optimal system optimization control scheme sets;
aiming at the pipeline outlet load, the size of the pipeline outlet load is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing state and the valve opening amount, and the pipeline outlet load is correspondingly reduced or increased, so that the position of a working point in a safety domain is adjusted.
The optimization control model of the regional comprehensive energy system specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) optimizing the target I: function of degree of safety
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing a maximum value in a safety level function;
(2) optimization objective II: function of degree of efficiency
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing a maximum in the efficiency degree function;
(3) optimization objective III: regulatory pathway function
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the minimum value in the regulatory pathway function;
the constraint condition of the optimized control is a safety constraint inequality that the regional comprehensive energy system multi-energy flow energy balance constraint meets the N-1 safety check;
the multi-energy flow energy balance constraint of the regional comprehensive energy system is as follows:
in the formula, hPDS(L)＝0、hNGS(L)＝0、hDHS(L)＝0、hEH(L) ═ 0 represents the energy flow energy balance equation corresponding to the power system, the natural gas system, the regional heating power system and the energy hub respectively;
the safety constraint inequality is:
∑λkLk-CL≤Lm≤CU-∑λkLk。
the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention establishes an optimized control model which enables the system to reach a safety and high-efficiency balanced state from a safety state by a method of minimum economic cost and fastest regulation and control speed, and is beneficial to improving the safety state of the system and promoting the safe and high-efficiency operation of the system;
2. by solving the model, a specific optimized control scheme can be obtained, including the number of pipelines in the system, which need to take control measures, and the specific size of the load, which needs to be reduced, so that the safe operation of the system can be maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a working point security level function based on a two-dimensional security domain;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a degree of operating point efficiency as a function of a two-dimensional security domain;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating RPF impact of a two-dimensional security domain;
FIG. 4 is a topological structure of an exemplary regional integrated energy system test;
FIG. 5 is an SDF distribution in an electro-pneumatic three dimensional security domain;
FIG. 6 is an EDF distribution in an electro-pneumatic three-dimensional security domain;
FIG. 7 is a Pareto front edge of an optimal control scheme set of a regional integrated energy system;
fig. 8 shows the control path from operating point D to operating point W.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Example 1
In order to improve the safety state of the regional integrated energy system and promote safe and efficient operation of the system, the embodiment of the invention provides a regional integrated energy system optimization control method based on a practical safety domain, which is described in detail in the following description:
101: based on a practical security domain, a regional comprehensive energy system optimization control model containing an optimization target and operation constraints is constructed;
102: by adopting the NSGA-II algorithm to solve the control model, a group of optimal system optimization control scheme sets (Pareto optimal solution sets) and objective functions (Pareto leading edges) can be obtained.
103: the control scheme is specifically described as that aiming at a control object, namely the outlet load of a key pipeline, the size of the control object is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing state, the opening and the closing amount of a valve and the like, so that the position of a working point in a safety domain is adjusted, and optimal control is realized.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention is beneficial to improving the safety state of the regional comprehensive energy system, and can guide the system to move from a safe working point to a safe and efficient working point in the most economical and rapid mode.
Example 2
The scheme of example 1 is further described below with reference to the calculation formula and examples, which are described in detail below:
201: based on a practical security domain, an optimization control model of the regional comprehensive energy system, which comprises an optimization objective and operation constraints, is constructed.
Firstly, a practical regional integrated energy system security domain theory is briefly introduced, and the practical security domain of the regional integrated energy system is defined as follows: considering the constraints such as the transition safety constraint and the energy balance after the failure of the key equipment of the energy hub and the N-1 outlet of the key pipeline, and not considering the inequality of the operation constraint of the pipeline, all the working point sets which can meet the N-1 safety criterion in the system. The mathematical model is as follows:
ΩP-RIESSR＝{L|h(L)＝0,Wmin≤W(L)≤Wmax} (1)
in the formula, omegaP-RIESSRRepresenting a practical safety domain of the regional integrated energy system; l represents a working point vector; h (L) 0 represents a regional comprehensive energy system multipotency flow energy balance equation; wmin≤W(L)≤WmaxRepresenting a security constraint inequality that satisfies the N-1 security check; wmax、WminRespectively represent the upper and lower limits of the inequality constraint w (l).
The safety constraint inequality specifically includes:
(1) unequal capacity constraint of tape transferring equipment after N-1 fault of key equipment
In the formula, CjIs the rated capacity of device j; k is an overload coefficient allowed by the device j in a short time; hjThe load carried by the device j;
transferring a load to the equipment j after the equipment i fails; a represents the type of load;
representing the upper and lower limits of the operational constraints of the multi-energy coupling component.
(2) Capacity inequality constraint of transfer pipeline after N-1 fault of key pipeline
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the load carried by the pipeline n;
transferring a load to the pipeline n after the pipeline m fails;
is a pipeline LnAlso indicates that pipeline m has a rotating relationship with pipeline n. PPRepresenting the energy that the multi-energy coupling component needs to consume at run-time.
Practical safety margin BmBy the upper boundary
And the lower boundary
Collectively, the calculation formula can be expressed as:
in the formula CURepresents the upper limit capacity of the pipeline/equipment energy supply, CLRepresents the lower limit capacity of the pipeline/equipment energy supply, LkIndicates the line/equipment load after fault, lambdakRepresenting the pipeline scaling factor.
The practical safety distance is as follows: the vertical distance from the working point to the practical safety boundary belongs to the nearest distance from the middle point to the surface in the European space. Physically, put into practical useThe Safety Distance (SD) is essentially the maximum capacity by which the energy hub output side pipeline segment outlet load can be increased. Operating point P (L)1,L2,…,Lm,…,LM) To any practical safe upper boundary
Practical safety lower boundary
The safe distance of (2) is:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
indicating the distance of the working point from the safety boundary Bm,
indicating working point distance from safe upper boundary
The safe distance of (a) to (b),
indicating a safe lower boundary of a working point from a lower boundary
A safety distance ofmDenotes the proportionality coefficient, L, of the m-th linemThe load at the outlet of the M-th line is shown, and M is the total number of the outlet lines of the system.
The practical safety margin is the minimum value in all practical safety distances corresponding to the working point, and the load increment allowed by the system under the condition of ensuring the overall safety of the regional comprehensive energy system is physically represented. The modeling formula of the practical Safety Margin (SM) is as follows:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents a pipeline segment LmThe safety margin of (2).
The optimization control of the regional comprehensive energy system refers to a control measure for adjusting the system from a safe state to a safe and efficient state. The safe state means: the regional comprehensive energy system meets all operation constraints and N-1 safety constraints, and can still keep a safe operation state after a certain key device or key pipeline outlet of the energy hub breaks down; the safe and efficient state means: the regional comprehensive energy system meets all operation constraints and N-1 safety constraints, the safety degree and the efficiency degree of the system are coordinated to be optimal, and the load distribution of the whole network is matched with the network frame topology; from the security domain theory aspect, the working point must be located in the security domain at this time.
According to the characteristics of the security domain, the working points in the security domain are all safe at N-1, but the safety degree and the efficiency degree of different safe working points are different because the relative positions of the different safe working points in the security domain are different. Therefore, in order to quantitatively describe the characteristics, search a working point of a high-efficiency and high-safety operation state and measure the economy-rapidity of a corresponding optimization control measure, firstly, a safety degree function, an efficiency degree function and a regulation and control path function are provided, and then an optimization control model is established based on the safety degree function, and a solving method of the optimization control model is discussed.
The Security Degree Function (SDF) is:
in the formula, the SDF represents a safety degree function of the working point;
indicating a safe operating point c to a safe upper bound
The safe distance of (2);
indicating the minimum energy supply capacity in the safety domain (i.e. minimum load capacity of the system) operating point o to the upper safety boundary
The safe distance of (2).
A schematic diagram of the working point security level function of a two-dimensional security domain is shown in fig. 1. Dotted satisfaction on dotted line in safe domain
Connected are operating points with equal SDF values, referred to as SDF distribution lines for short. The farther the working point SDF from the security boundary (referred to as the upper boundary of the security domain) within the security domain is, the larger the SDF, the upper limit of the SDF is 1.
The Efficiency Degree Function (EDF) is:
in the formula, the EDF represents an efficiency degree function of the working point; the TSC is the maximum energy supply capacity value under the safety of the system N-1.
A schematic diagram of the degree of efficiency of the operating point of a two-dimensional security domain is shown in fig. 2. The point on the dotted line in the safety domain satisfies L1+L2The working points with equal EDF values are connected by the same constant. The closer the working point EDF is to the upper boundary of the security domain in the security domain, the larger the working point EDF is, and the upper limit of the EDF is 1.
The Regulatory Path Function (RPF) is:
wherein RPF represents the control operating pointMeasuring the regulating and controlling path function of regulating quantity and regulating cost during movement;
represents the cost coefficient of the pipeline m, et represents the energy type;
representing the load carried by the pipeline m in the operating point before control,
representing the load carried by the pipeline m in the operating point after control.
A schematic diagram of the RPF influence on multi-objective optimization under a two-dimensional model is shown in FIG. 3. In FIG. 3, point C is the existing operating point, C1The point is the optimal working point without considering RPF, C2The point is the optimal working point under the RPF. It can be known from the figure that, when the regulation feeder outlet load regulation amount and the regulation cost are not taken into consideration, the shortest and most economical regulation path from the existing working point to the optimal working point cannot be guaranteed. After the RPF is taken into consideration, the safety and the efficiency of the RPF can be quickly and economically optimally controlled according to the position of the existing working point.
And comprehensively considering the three aspects of the safety, the efficiency and the control economy of the system, and performing multi-objective optimization control on the regional comprehensive energy system, wherein the optimization objective comprises a safety degree function, an efficiency degree function and a regulation and control path function. The optimization target of the optimization control is as follows:
(4) optimizing the target I: function of degree of safety
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the maximum value in the safety level function.
(5) Optimization objective II: function of degree of efficiency
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the maximum in the efficiency degree function.
(6) Optimization objective III: regulatory pathway function
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the minimum in the regulatory pathway function.
The constraint conditions of the optimization control are safety constraint inequalities of regional comprehensive energy system multi-energy flow energy balance constraint and N-1 safety verification.
The multi-energy flow energy balance constraint of the regional comprehensive energy system is as follows:
in the formula, hPDS(L)＝0、hNGS(L)＝0、hDHS(L)＝0、hEHAnd (L) ═ 0 represents energy flow energy balance equation corresponding to the power system, the natural gas system, the regional thermodynamic system and the energy hub respectively.
The safety constraint inequality is:
∑λkLk-CL≤Lm≤CU-∑λkLk (14)
namely, the regional integrated energy system optimization control model is formed by the above equations (11) to (14).
202: the optimization control of the regional comprehensive energy system based on the practical security domain belongs to a mixed nonlinear optimization problem, and the method adopts the NSGA-II algorithm to solve, so that a group of optimal system optimization control scheme set (Pareto optimal solution set) and an objective function (Pareto front edge) can be obtained. Each group of solution in the Pareto optimal solution set represents optimized safe-efficient working point information, and the optimized safe-efficient working point information comprises loads carried by feeders of all outlets, values of working points SDF and EDF and RPF values corresponding to a control process. And then solving the difference between the pipeline outlet loads corresponding to the optimized safe-efficient working point and the safe working point, wherein the difference is not zero, namely the pipeline number which is specifically required to be controlled by the optimized control, and the difference is the size of the specific adjustment load. And all Pareto optimal solutions jointly form an optimal control scheme set of the system.
203: firstly, according to the requirements on system safety, efficiency or regulation cost-rapidity, an obtained optimization control scheme is selected, and the optimization control scheme specifically comprises the following steps: the network state and load distribution of the system are adjusted, the working point position is changed by adjusting the load of a pipeline section, the feeder load is changed by adjusting the switch state and the electricity purchasing quantity for a power distribution network, and the pipeline load is changed by adjusting the valve opening quantity, the heat exchange station and the running state of a compressor for a natural gas system and a regional heating system, so that the load distribution of the whole network reaches the state most suitable for a network frame structure of the system.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides an optimized control method for a regional integrated energy system based on a practical security domain, which is helpful for enabling the regional integrated energy system to achieve a state of balanced security and efficiency in a more economical and faster manner, and thus, the system is promoted to operate safely and efficiently. The method can be directly applied to safety control of the regional comprehensive energy system, and assists a dispatcher to make a control scheme.
Example 3
The feasibility of the optimization method provided by the embodiments of the present invention is verified by the following specific experiments, which are described in detail in the following:
an example scene is set by referring to a regional comprehensive energy system which takes electric power, natural gas and heat power as energy requirements in a certain engineering case, so that the quantity of transformer substations and regional energy stations and the quantity of pipelines are reduced for convenience of analysis, and an example topological structure is shown in fig. 4. The practical security domain boundary expression corresponding to the simulation example can be simplified and processed as follows:
in the formula, LmRepresenting the outlet load size of a pipeline segment m; b is1、B3、B5…B19Represents L1-L10Lower limit boundary of (B)2、B4、B6…B20Represents L1-L10The upper limit boundary of (1); pCP1、PCP2Represents CP1、CP2The power consumed; p isC1、PC2、PC3、PC4Denotes a compressor C1、C2、C3、C4The electrical energy consumed; chRepresents the allowable power of the thermal pipeline; ce1Represents the allowed power of the type I power feeder; ce2Represents the allowed power of the type II power feeder; cT1-CT4Indicating transformer T1-T4Rated capacity of (d); cgRepresents the allowable power of the natural gas pipeline;
represents the allowable power of the CHP thermodynamic pipeline;
represents the power allowed by the CHP power feeder; cC1、CC2Respectively represent a compressor C1、C2Rated capacity of (d); cGBRepresents the rated capacity of GB; etaGBIndicating the energy conversion efficiency of GB. Each inequality in the formula constitutes 1 hyperplane, so the security domain is enclosed by 20 hyperplanes.
Based on (L)6,L1,L2) For example, the distribution of the safety degree function and the efficiency degree function in the three-dimensional safety domain is plotted, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6:
in fig. 5, the dashed lines connect the working points with equal SDF values, each dashed line encloses a different triangular prism, and the labeled values are the corresponding SDF values. From the distribution of the SDFs in the domain, the SDFs have a natural characteristic of monotonically decreasing from the domain to the domain surface, that is, the SDFs at the MSC point are maximum, and the SDF values are smaller as other working points are farther from the MSC point. Similarly, in fig. 6, dashed lines connect operating points with equal EDF values, each dashed line encloses a different plane, and the labeled value is the corresponding EDF value. As known from the distribution of the EDFs in the domain, the EDFs have the natural characteristic of monotone increasing from the domain to the domain surface, namely the EDFs at the MSC points are the smallest, and the values of the EDFs are larger as other working points are farther away from the MSC points.
Taking an electro-thermal three-dimensional security domain scene as an example, assume that only L in the system6、L1、L2And the terminal load is adjustable, the loads of other pipeline sections are fixed at the original values, the operating point optimization control measure based on the practical security domain is explained, and the Pareto front edge of the optimal control scheme set of the regional comprehensive energy system is obtained after multi-objective optimization solution, as shown in fig. 7.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the Pareto optimal solution sets are all non-inferior solutions, and have irreplaceability among each other. Each optimal solution corresponds to the working point, the working point is regulated and controlled from the existing efficiency degree and safety degree to the efficiency degree and safety degree corresponding to the optimal working point, and the required cost is the lowest. For analyzing the Pareto optimal control scheme set, W, M, N, R four optimized working points are selected as representatives, and taking working points D (1.950,1.750,4.288,0.001,0.667,1.010,3.001,4.954,2.835,2.165) MW as an example, the control strategy is as follows:
TABLE 3 multiple energy flow load regulation cost
As can be seen from table 3, when the system requires higher safety, the operating point D can be adjusted to the operating point W, when the system requires higher efficiency, the operating point D can be adjusted to the operating point N, when the system requires lower adjustment amount and lower control cost, the operating point D can be adjusted to the operating point M, when the system requires balanced safety and efficiency, the operating point D can be adjusted to the operating point R. Because the dispatcher can comprehensively consider the regulation and control amount and the regulation and control cost according to different requirements of the RIES on the SDF and the EDF, a corresponding regulation and control strategy is formulated, and the quick implementation and control are facilitated.
Taking the adjustment of the working point to the point W as an example, the adjustment path in the three-dimensional security domain is shown in fig. 8. Based on the distribution of the SDF and the EDF, the visual characteristic of the security domain of the regional comprehensive energy system can help a dispatcher to intuitively control the current working point by a quick and economic strategy.
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A regional integrated energy system optimization control method based on a practical security domain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a regional comprehensive energy system optimization control model containing an optimization target and operation constraints based on a practical security domain;
solving the control model by adopting an NSGA-II algorithm to obtain a group of optimal system optimization control scheme sets;
aiming at the pipeline outlet load, the size of the pipeline outlet load is adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing state and the valve opening amount, and the pipeline outlet load is correspondingly reduced or increased, so that the position of a working point in a safety domain is adjusted;
the regional comprehensive energy system optimization control model specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) optimizing the target I: function of degree of safety
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing a maximum value in a safety degree function; SDF represents a security level function;
indicating a safe operating point c to a safe upper boundary
The safe distance of (a);
indicating the minimum energy supply capability operating point o in the safety domain to the upper safety boundary
The safe distance of (2); m represents the total number of system outlet lines;
(2) optimization objective II: function of degree of efficiency
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing a maximum in the efficiency degree function; EDF represents an efficiency degree function; l ismRepresents the load carried by the outlet of the No. m pipeline; the TSC is the maximum energy supply capacity value under the safety of the system N-1;
(3) optimization objective III: regulatory pathway function
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
represents the minimum value in the regulatory pathway function;
represents the cost coefficient of the pipeline m, et represents the energy type;
representing the load carried by the pipeline m in the operating point before control,
representing the load carried by the pipeline m in the working point after control;
the constraint conditions of the optimized control are a safety constraint inequality that a regional comprehensive energy system multi-energy flow energy balance constraint meets N-1 safety verification;
the multi-energy flow energy balance constraint of the regional comprehensive energy system is as follows:
in the formula, hPDS(L)＝0、hNGS(L)＝0、hDHS(L)＝0、hEH(L) 0 represents an energy flow energy balance equation corresponding to the power system, the natural gas system, the regional thermodynamic system and the energy hub respectively;
the safety constraint inequality is:
∑λkLk-CL≤Lm≤CU-∑λkLk
wherein L iskIndicating that the line or equipment is negative after a faultLotus, lambdakRepresenting the pipeline scaling factor; cUDenotes the upper limit capacity of the pipeline or plant energy supply, CLRepresenting the lower capacity of the pipeline or equipment power supply.
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