CN111416268A - Optical fiber microphone of laser annular cavity - Google Patents
Optical fiber microphone of laser annular cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111416268A CN111416268A CN202010210103.6A CN202010210103A CN111416268A CN 111416268 A CN111416268 A CN 111416268A CN 202010210103 A CN202010210103 A CN 202010210103A CN 111416268 A CN111416268 A CN 111416268A
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- optical fiber
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- microphone
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06791—Fibre ring lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber microphone of a laser annular cavity, which comprises an optical fiber laser source, an erbium-doped optical fiber, an FFP filter, a coupler, an optical fiber coil and a data acquisition part, wherein the optical fiber laser source generates continuous laser, an optical signal which can only be transmitted in one direction is formed after passing through an isolator, then the optical signal is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber and then transmitted to the optical fiber coil, the optical fiber coil is formed by winding optical fibers with the length of more than 1 kilometer and is used as a voice signal sensing device, and then the optical signal is transmitted back to the optical fiber laser source through the coupler and the FFP filter, the coupler is used for converting the optical signal and an electric signal, the signal is converted through the coupler, and then the voice signal is obtained through the data acquisition part.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microphone of an optical fiber sensor and an optical fiber annular cavity laser, belonging to the field of optical fiber lasers.
Background
Fiber lasers have significant advantages in solid state lasers, including: the laser has the advantages of good beam quality, high conversion efficiency, tunable wavelength, low laser threshold value, no optical lens in the resonant cavity, no need of thermoelectric refrigeration and water cooling and the like, is mature to be applied in various fields of optical fiber communication, optical fiber sensing, remote communication, military, national defense, medical machinery and the like, and is also widely concerned by researchers at home and abroad.
Fiber optic microphone technology is an instrument for detecting acoustic signals, which utilizes the characteristics of optical fibers to transmit light and the modulation effect of acoustic signals in the surrounding environment on the optical signals of the optical fibers. Fiber optic microphones offer significant advantages over conventional electrical microphones, including: high sensitivity, strong environmental adaptation capability, strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, high reliability, good corrosion resistance and the like, thereby having important application value in the fields of military affairs and national defense.
The optical fiber microphone reported at present mainly adopts an optical intensity modulation technology. A fiber optic microphone for sensing acoustic signals using a reflective diaphragm is disclosed in the 2005 new patent; in 2007, Wu Oriental et al proposed an optical fiber microphone based on an MZ interferometer, and although a dry-emitting structure is adopted, a diaphragm is still used for reflecting optical fiber light, and the stability problem also exists; in 2009, wang statics et al reported a microphone with a fiber Bragg grating mounted on a cantilever arm, and the reflected wavelength of the Bragg grating was used to detect acoustic signals; a grating microphone combining a fiber grating and a diaphragm was reported by the li founds et al in 2016; the 2010 billow proposes a fiber laser microphone with a cavity formed by a diaphragm and a cylindrical shell; in 2018, Zhang Xiang et al propose a fiber grating microphone formed by using a capillary tube and a cavity.
In conclusion, the common problems in the technologies are that the system suffers from the problems of instability of the transmission fiber, low sensitivity and incapability of detecting weak signals, the sensitivity of the traditional high-sensitivity fiber microphone is-62 dBre1nm/Pa, and the problems of signal failure collected by the fiber microphone and the like are caused by static pressure change in some environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel optical fiber microphone based on a laser annular cavity, which applies the sensitive sensing action of a tunable optical fiber annular cavity to improve the detection sensitivity and the system stability when detecting optical fiber signals. The technical scheme is as follows:
1. an optical fiber microphone of a laser annular cavity comprises an optical fiber laser source, an erbium-doped optical fiber, an FFP filter, a 2 × 2 coupler outside the optical fiber annular cavity connected with the FFP filter, an optical fiber coil and a data acquisition part, wherein the optical fiber laser source generates continuous laser, an optical signal which can only be transmitted in one direction is formed after passing through an isolator, then the optical signal is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber and then transmitted to the optical fiber coil, the optical fiber coil is formed by winding optical fibers with the length of more than 1 kilometer and serves as a voice signal sensing device, the optical signal is transmitted back to the optical fiber laser source through the coupler and the FFP filter, the coupler is used for converting the optical signal and an electric signal, the signal is converted through the coupler, and then the voice signal is obtained through the data acquisition part.
The optical fiber laser is a 980nm optical fiber laser source.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber-optic microphone of a laser ring cavity designed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the fiber optic microphone of the laser ring cavity of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a voice signal collected by a fiber optic microphone through a laser ring cavity of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the structure of the fiber microphone of the laser ring cavity of the present invention is shown. The system can be divided into three parts.
The first part is a hardware part of the system and comprises a 980nm laser light source which generates continuous laser to provide light energy for the system, an erbium-doped fiber (EDFA) which is an optical fiber doped with a small amount of rare earth element erbium and can amplify light within 1550nm, a tunable fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) filter which has good compatibility with the optical fiber system, a 2 × 2 coupler outside an optical fiber annular cavity is directly connected with the filter, the annular cavity passes through an output end formed by the FFP filter, and the rest light is fed back into the annular cavity.
The second part is an optical fiber coil, is a voice signal induction part, is also an input position of a voice signal, is equivalent to the action of a loudspeaker, and is formed by winding a common optical fiber with the length of several kilometers.
The third part is a data acquisition part which consists of a Photodiode (PD) and a data acquisition card (DAQ).
The invention designs the optical signal propagation path in the laser ring cavity optical fiber microphone as follows: the fiber laser source generates a continuous light source, and emits laser after pumping. The optical signal is transmitted to the isolator, the optical signal can be controlled to be transmitted only in one direction, then the optical signal is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber and then transmitted to a voice signal induction part formed by a common optical fiber with the length of several kilometers (the value can be between 1 kilometer and 10 kilometers), and the FFP filter can leave the optical signal with fixed wavelength and transmit the optical signal back to the laser source. In the optical fiber ring cavity, the coupler can convert an optical signal and an electric signal, the electric signal of voice can be collected in the third part through the signal conversion of the coupler, and the set sampling frequency is 20 kHz.
The laser ring cavity optical fiber microphone is a distributed microphone and is the main distinctive characteristic relative to a common microphone. Corresponding to the structure of a common microphone, the optical fiber laser source in the system is equivalent to a power supply, the erbium-doped optical fiber is equivalent to an amplifying circuit, and the optical fiber coil is equivalent to a sound pick-up. The entire laser microphone system corresponds to the wires encased within the microphone housing. In addition, the laser microphone has the outstanding advantages of being difficult to detect, non-metallic, capable of being applied in long distance and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the flow chart of the present invention, the corresponding steps are briefly described as follows:
(1) the system is built, and the laser microphone system based on the optical fiber annular cavity comprises components such as an optical fiber laser source, an FFP filter, an isolator, an erbium-doped optical fiber and an optical fiber coil. And a coupler outside the ring cavity to collect the PD and DAQ portions of the voice signal.
(2) And arranging the fiber coil position. The optical fiber coil is used for sensing a voice signal, is also an input position of the voice signal, and is formed by winding a common optical fiber with the length of several kilometers.
(3) Under the condition that a system is built and an optical fiber coil is arranged, the oscilloscope is connected, and the power of the optical fiber laser source is adjusted, so that under the appropriate laser power, the output signal can be less affected by the environment, and a sensitive and stable output voice signal can be obtained when a voice signal is input.
(4) And a signal acquisition part is connected. The optical signal is converted into an electric signal by the coupler and then transmitted to the data acquisition part, the acquisition frequency of the signal is set to be 20kHz in the experiment, and the voice signal can be acquired by the data acquisition card.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a waveform of a speech signal collected by a microphone according to the present invention is shown. Considering that the voice signal passing through the microphone can be influenced by noise in the environment, the collected voice signal can be known to basically accord with the actual situation through human ear listening.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention realizes the microphone technology based on the optical fiber ring cavity laser, realizes better reduction of environmental noise, and has higher sensitivity and system stability.
(2) The portability is good, for sound signal detection at different positions, only the position of the optical fiber coil, namely the position of the voice induction part, needs to be changed, and the experimental program can be used universally under various operating systems.
(3) The whole design algorithm is simple, the steps are few, real-time monitoring can be achieved under the condition of PD and DAQ sampling, and the real-time input signals are observed and collected.
Claims (2)
1. The optical fiber microphone of the laser annular cavity comprises an optical fiber laser source, an erbium-doped optical fiber, an FFP filter, a 2 × 2 coupler outside the optical fiber annular cavity connected with the FFP filter, an optical fiber coil and a data acquisition part, wherein the optical fiber laser source generates continuous laser, an optical signal which can only be transmitted in one direction is formed after passing through an isolator, then the optical signal is amplified by the erbium-doped optical fiber and then transmitted to the optical fiber coil, the optical fiber coil is formed by winding optical fibers with the length of more than 1 kilometer and serves as a voice signal sensing device, the optical signal is transmitted back to the optical fiber laser source through the coupler and the FFP filter, the coupler is used for converting the optical signal and an electric signal, the signal is converted through the coupler, and then the voice signal is obtained through the data acquisition part.
2. The fiber optic microphone of claim 1, wherein the fiber laser is a 980nm fiber laser source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010210103.6A CN111416268B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Optical fiber microphone with laser ring cavity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010210103.6A CN111416268B (en) | 2020-03-23 | 2020-03-23 | Optical fiber microphone with laser ring cavity |
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| CN111416268A true CN111416268A (en) | 2020-07-14 |
| CN111416268B CN111416268B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4238856A (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-12-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fiber-optic acoustic sensor |
| CN1556561A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-22 | 南开大学 | Wave length tunable narrow wire width, high signal noise ratio single polarization ring cavity full optical fiber laser |
| US20050051022A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2005-03-10 | Benjamin Hodder | Detection of sound waves produced by a musical instrument |
| DE60111137D1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2005-07-07 | Litton Systems Inc | Fiber optic acoustic broadband sensor |
| CN1976141A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-06-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system |
| CN101900556A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bicyclo-Brillouin fiber optic gyro |
| US20140130601A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | U.S. Army Research Laboratory Attn: Rdrl-Loc-I | Rf-photonic system for acoustic and/or vibrational sensing using optical fiber and method thereof |
| CN106019228A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-12 | 复旦大学 | System for detecting position of sound source by using optical fibers |
| CN106289669A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽大学 | Gas leakage detection device based on Low coherence optical fiber microphone and method |
-
2020
- 2020-03-23 CN CN202010210103.6A patent/CN111416268B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4238856A (en) * | 1979-01-24 | 1980-12-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fiber-optic acoustic sensor |
| DE60111137D1 (en) * | 2000-07-24 | 2005-07-07 | Litton Systems Inc | Fiber optic acoustic broadband sensor |
| US20050051022A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2005-03-10 | Benjamin Hodder | Detection of sound waves produced by a musical instrument |
| CN1556561A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2004-12-22 | 南开大学 | Wave length tunable narrow wire width, high signal noise ratio single polarization ring cavity full optical fiber laser |
| CN1976141A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-06-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Single frequency tunable doped erbium optical fiber laser system |
| CN101900556A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bicyclo-Brillouin fiber optic gyro |
| US20140130601A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-15 | U.S. Army Research Laboratory Attn: Rdrl-Loc-I | Rf-photonic system for acoustic and/or vibrational sensing using optical fiber and method thereof |
| CN106019228A (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-12 | 复旦大学 | System for detecting position of sound source by using optical fibers |
| CN106289669A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽大学 | Gas leakage detection device based on Low coherence optical fiber microphone and method |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| LUTANG WANG等: ""A self-mixing based ring-type fiber-optic acoustic sensor"", 《INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PHOTONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS》 * |
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| CN111416268B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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Inventor after: Lv Chengang Inventor after: Dai Jiangqianyi Inventor after: Ma Jingjing Inventor after: Fan Lihui Inventor after: Huo Ziqiang Inventor before: Lv Chengang Inventor before: Ma Jingjing Inventor before: Fan Lihui Inventor before: Huo Ziqiang |
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